READING VOCABULARY

1 Adversity a difficult or unpleasant situation

a short break or escape from something
2 respite
difficult or unpleasant
able to feel better quickly after something
3 resilient
unpleasant such as shock, injury, etc.
the state of being near somebody/something in
4 proximity
distance or time
to delay doing something that you should do,
5 procrastinate
usually because you do not want to do it

6 fleeting lasting only a short time

existing, but not yet very noticeable, active or

7 latent
well developed
having a lot of clever new ideas and good at

8 ingenious inventing things; very suitable for a particular

purpose and resulting from clever new ideas

the quality of being honest and having strong

9 integrity moral

principles that you refuse to change

10 judicious careful and sensible; showing good judgement
a thing that limits or restricts something, or
11 constraint
your freedom to do something
12 mutable that can change; likely to change
13 myriad extremely large in number
14 notorious well known for being bad
a person who is new and has little experience
15 novice
in a skill, job or situation

16 oblivious not aware of something

17 mundane not interesting or exciting

18 lethal causing or able to cause death
to prevent yourself from having or expressing
19 suppress
a feeling or an emotion

20 versatile able to do many different things

a sudden wish to do or have something,

21 whim especially when it is something unusual or

unnecessary
(of a law, rule, regulation, etc.) very strict and
22 stringent
that must be obeyed
not important or serious; not worth
23 trivial
considering
present in large numbers; full of people,
24 teeming
animals, etc. that are moving around
happening only occasionally or at intervals
25 sporadic
that are not regular
an opinion that all members of a group agree
26 consensus
with
to express very strong disapproval of

27 condemn somebody/something, usually for moral

reasons
able to exist, live together, or work
28 compatible
successfully with something or someone else
29 immaculate extremely clean and tidy
30 impeccable without mistakes or faults
belonging to a particular place rather than
31 indigenous
coming to it from somewhere else (= native)
32 jargon words or expressions that are used by a

particular profession or group of people, and

 are difficult for others to understand
showing deliberate determination to behave in

a way that most people think is wrong,

33 perverse
unacceptable or unreasonable (cố ý làm điều

xấu)
to prove that something is wrong, not true or
34 refute
fair
something that is thought to be true or
35 presumption
probable
36 bizarre very strange or unusual
obtained by using your feelings rather than by
37 intuitive
considering the facts
to persuade somebody to believe something or
38 sway
do something
existing in all parts of a place or thing;

39 pervasive spreading gradually to affect all parts of a

place or thing
worried or frightened that something
40 apprehensive
unpleasant may happen
to predict, to forecast
41 prognosticate

arranged for the present time only and likely

42 provisional
to be changed in the future
concerning the most basic and important
43 radical
parts of something; thorough and complete
an action or event that happens before

44 prelude another more important one and forms an

introduction to it
45 exotic from or in another country, especially a
 tropical one; seeming exciting and unusual

because it is connected with foreign countries

46 facade the front of a building
not happening at regular times; not following

47 erratic any plan or regular pattern; that you cannot

rely on (= unpredictable)
48 laze to relax and enjoy yourself, doing very little
an act intended to make somebody believe

49 hoax something that is not true, especially

something unpleasant
50 gregarious liking to be with other people (= sociable)
thin in an attractive or elegant way; small in
51 slender
amount or size and hardly enough
to show something you are proud of to other
52 flaunt
people, in order to impress them
a comment or statement that has been made

53 platitude very often before and is therefore not

interesting
54 petrify to make somebody feel extremely frightened
55 tangible that can be clearly seen to exist
to reject or refuse somebody/something,
56 spurn
especially in a proud way
immoral or dishonest; very dirty and
57 sordid
unpleasant
no longer used because something new has
58 obsolete
been invented
59 obtrusive noticeable in an unpleasant way
unreasonable; that you cannot take seriously
60 ludicrous
(= absurd, ridiculous)
61 mediocre not very good; of only average standard
62 impervious not affected or influenced by something
63 implicit suggested without being directly expressed
to talk or write about past experiences that
64 reminisce
you rememberwith pleasure
lasting for a long time; difficult to cure or get
65 chronic
rid of
secret agreement especially in order to do
66 collusion
something dishonest or to trick people
too satisfied with yourself or with a situation,

67 complacent so that you do not feel that any change is

necessary
to put somebody in prison or in another place
68 incarcerate
from which they cannot escape
to happen or to make something happen
69 accelerate
faster or earlier than expected
more important, powerful or noticeable than
70 dominant
other things
71 vicinity (noun)the area around a particular place
to bring or get something back, especially
72 retrieve
from a place where it should not be
the respect and admiration that

73 prestige somebody/something has because of their

social position, or what they have done

having or showing hatred and a desire to
74 malicious
harm somebody or hurt their feelings
to praise someone in order to make them feel

75 flatter attractive or important, sometimes in a way

that is not sincere

to give or send somebody so many things that
76 inundate
they cannot deal with them all
 clever at getting what you want, sometimes by
77 artful
not telling the truth
a group formed by people from several

different groups, especially political ones,

78 coalition
agreeing to work together for a particular

purpose
to show sympathy and sadness for the family

79 condole or friends of a person

who has recently died

80 discrete independent of other things of the same type
very different from each other and of various
81 diverse
kinds
82 feasible that is possible and likely to be achieved
83 edible fit or suitable to be eaten; not poisonous
84 baffle to confuse somebody completely
85 extinct no longer in existence
86 increment an increase in a number or an amount
to strongly criticize somebody/something that
87 denounce
you think is wrong, illegal, etc.
88 tantamount having the same bad effect as something else
89 odour a smell, especially one that is unpleasant
90 allure the quality of being attractive and exciting
91 flawed not perfect, or containing mistakes
the beginning of something, especially
92 onset
something unpleasant
93 subtle not very noticeable or obvious
lasting a very long time, or happening
94 perennial
repeatedly or all thetime
a situation in which people are peaceful and

95 harmony agree with each other, or when things seem

right or suitable together

96 rigid very strict and difficult to change
 to stop somebody/something from doing
97 restrain
something, especially by using physical force
to become or to make something smaller in
98 shrink
size or amount
99 predecessor a person who did a job before somebody else
to increase in degree or strength; to make
100 intensify
something increase in degree or strength
belonging to a very simple society with no
101 primitive
industry, etc.
a feeling of anger or dislike towards somebody

102 grudge because of something bad they have done to

you in the past

having the qualities or appearance considered

103 masculine to be typical of men; connected with or like

men
104 scarce not easy to find or get
a difficult time for the economy of a country,

105 recession when there is less trade and industrial activity

than usual and more people are unemployed

to force somebody to do something, by law,
106 oblige
because it is a duty, etc.
(of an area, a building, a room, etc.) next to or
107 adjacent
near something
the fact of having a place to live or stay,
108 shelter
considered as a basic human need
the state of having just enough money or food
109 subsistence
to stay alive
to support or form the basis of an argument, a
110 underpin
claim, etc.
111 ruin to spoil or destroy something completely
to disappear suddenly and/or in a way that
112 vanish
you cannot explain
to reduce something by a large amount so that
113 deplete
there is not enough left
to prevent something bad or dangerous from
114 avert
happening
always wanting more of something; not able
115 insatiable
to be satisfied
something that is ____ is the sort of thing that
116 enviable
is good and that other people want to have too
to control or influence somebody/something,

117 manipulate often in a dishonest way so that they do not

realize it
that can be done; that will be successful
118 viable
(=feasible)
to stop happening or existing; to stop
119 cease
something from happening or existing
120 plague any infectious disease that kills a lot of people
to exist or be very common at a particular
121 prevail
time or in a particular place
an area that one person, group, animal, etc.

122 territory considers as their own and defends against

others who try to enter it

not following the usual or accepted beliefs and
123 heterodox
opinions
124 elusive difficult to find, define or achieve
125 assimilate to become part of a group, country, society,

etc., or to make someone or something become

 part of a group, country, society, etc.
126 attainment success in achieving something
showing a lack of care about danger and the
127 reckless
possible results of your actions
128 peril serious danger
129 forage to search for food
to explain or describe something in a more
130 elaborate
detailed way
131 assault the crime of attacking somebody physically
132 particle a very small piece of something
(of furniture and buildings) old and in very
133 dilapidated
bad condition
134 nocturnal (of animals) active at night
a danger or difficulty, especially one that is
135 pitfall
hidden or not obvious at first
a place where things are stored and can be
136 repository
found
137 shun to avoid somebody/something
the sum of money that you borrow from the
138 mortgage
bank
139 spiral to increase rapidly
140 impair destroy, damage
a long search for something, especially for
141
some quality such as happiness
142 quest to stick to something
involving a lot of effort and energy, especially
143 cling
over a period of time
to speak or perform without preparing or
144 arduous
practising
145 extemporise not clear
the highest stage of development or the most
146 nebulous
excellent example of something
147 acme to give permission for something to take place
148 sanction using only as much money or food as is
 necessary
a person who is perfect or who is a perfect
149 frugal
example of a particular good quality
an object that is used as decoration in a room,

150 paragon garden/yard, etc. rather than for a particular

purpose
151 ornament not affected by something
152 immune so weak or uncertain that it hardly exists
to prevent something from happening or

153 tenuous make it happen more slowly or less frequently

than normal
the state in which a person’s mind is

completely filled with thoughts of one

154 inhibit
particular thing or person in a way that is not

normal
in a dangerous position or situation and likely
155 obsession
to be lost or harmed
in a dangerous position orr situation and
156 jeopardy
likely to be lost or harmed
(especially of moving objects) to hit something
157 collide
violently
a new plan for dealing with a particular

problem or for achieving a particular

158 initiative purpose; the ability to decide and act on your

own without waiting for somebody to tell you

what to do
to announce a new law or system officially or
159 promulgate
publicly
 to give somebody information that is
160 divulge
supposed to be secret
an organized journey with a particular

161 expedition purpose, especially to find out about a place

that is not well known

a situation which makes problems, often one

162 dilemma in which you have to make a very difficult

choice between things of equal importance

to support or improve something or make it
163 bolster
stronger (củng cố)
164 resolution a firm decision to do or not to do something
to limit something or make it last for a shorter
165 curtail
time
not definite or certain because you may want
166 tentative
to change it later
that does not stop holding something or give
167 tenacious
up something easily; determined
not allowing yourself to have much food or
168 abstemious
alcohol, or to do things that are enjoyable
to make something happen sooner or more
169 hasten
quickly
willing to listen to or to accept new ideas or
170 receptive
suggestions
a thing or a person that is used to trick

171 decoy somebody into doing what you want them to

do, going where you want them to go, etc.

full of something bad or unpleasant; very
172 rife
common
173 aesthetic concerned with beauty and art and the
 understanding of beautiful things
to make something that is complicated or
174 untangle
confusing easier to deal with or understand
175 potable (of water) safe to drink
suggesting that something bad is going to
176 ominous
happen in the future
177 subservient too willing to obey other people
solving problems in a practical and sensible

178 pragmatic way rather than by having fixed ideas or

theories; realistic
179 illuminate to shine light on something
180 malady a serious problem
that has never happened, been done or been
181 unprecedented
known before
a natural tendency to do something or to feel
182 proclivity
something, often something bad
183 diligent careful and using a lot of effort
having doubts that a claim or statement is
184 skeptical
true or that something will happen
185 appalling shocking; extremely bad
to walk or travel around an area without any
186 roam
definite aim or direction
187 meager small in quantity and poor in quality
(of a quality, feeling, etc.) that you have when
188 innate
you are born
sensible and careful when you make

189 prudent judgements and decisions; avoiding

unnecessary risks
having no purpose because there is no chance
190 futile
of success
191 ramble to walk for pleasure, especially in the
 countryside; to talk about

somebody/something in a confused way,

especially for a long time

changing easily from one mood to another;

192 volatile likely to change suddenly; easily becoming

dangerous
193 dexterity skill in using your hands or your mind
to make somebody or the things that
194 belittle
somebody does seem unimportant
done carefully and with a lot of attention to
195 rigorous
detail
196 exorbitant very expensive
to make it difficult to see, hear or understand
197 obscure
something
determined not to change your mind or to be
198 adamant
persuaded about something
The action of keeping something rather than
199 Retention
losing it or stopping it
200 Adept Good at doing something that is quite difficult