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The welding symbols for groove welds will go on the reference lines in the same manner as fillet
weld symbols as shown below.
Groove weld symbols are placed on the reference line in similar fashion to fillet weld symbols
This diagram calls for a flared-bevel on the arrow side having a root opening (gap) of 1/16.
3. Determine the groove angle.
The groove angle will be above or below (depending on whether it is arrow side or other side)
the root dimension and will be expressed in degrees.
4. Determine the root radii and root face dimensions (for J-Groove and U-Groove welds
only).
These dimensions will need to be specified in one of two ways:
A. With a cross section drawing of the joint showing dimensions.
B. Notes on the tail of the welding symbol as shown below where SEC A-A references another
document that contains the details of the joint.
Radius of joint and face dimension (land) are shown on a diagram referenced by a note on the tail of the symbol
This welding symbols shows a groove angle of 60 degrees and a depth of 3/8.
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6. Determine the weld size.
The size of the weld is the effective throat on a groove weld. This includes the depth of groove
and the additional penetration into the root. The size of weld will be shown to the left of the
groove symbol in parenthesis. If there is no number in parenthesis then the size of the weld
should not be less than the groove depth.
The symbol calls for a groove weld with a flat finish achieved by grinding.
9. Determine the side of the joint to be prepared when the drawing calls for a single bevel.
In the case of a bevel, J-groove, and flare bevel the welding symbol will tell you which side to
prepare (bevel) by having a “broken” arrow as seen below. Whenever you see this broken arrow
you know that the side to be prepared is the side to which the arrow points.
A broken arrow will point to the side of the joint that needs to be beveled.
By having read thru these 9 simple steps you already know more about welding symbols than
95% of the people in the welding industry. Training for welding symbols readings can be done in
a couple of hours if you stick to the basic, but can be as long as 20+ hours if you go extreme
detail. The information above should get you going but it is not exhaustive.
Do you have any questions regarding welding symbols for groove welds?
Source: AWS A2.4:2007 – Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing, and Nondestructive
Examination