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ELECTRONICS

I. Objectives

 To determine a resistors value by examining its color bands.


 To determine if the resistors as within tolerance.

II. Subject mater

Topic: Resistance Measurement


Reference: EDocfind.com, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, and
http://www.educypedia.be/electronics/
Materials: Colored Resistors, Calculator

III. Activities

1. Review

a. What is resistor?
 Resistors are Electronic components that are designed to have a specific amount
of resistance.
b. Types of resistor? Meaning?
 There are two types of resistors; Fixed and Variable Resistors.
o Fixed Resistors the value cannot change.
o Variable Resistors can change their value over a specific range.
c. Kinds of Fixed Resistors?
 There several kinds of fixed resistors such as composition carbon, metal film, and
wire – wound.

2. Motivation

Have you seen resistor?


o Yes.
What have you notice to the Resistor?
o It has different colors.

3. Presentation

A. Discussion
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

a. What Is Resistance?
Resistance (R) is the amount of
opposition to the flow of electrical current.
Resistance is measured in units
called ohms, named after German scientist
and mathematician Georg Simon Ohm
(1787-1845), and it is symbolized by the
Greek capital letter omega (W).
b. What are the three most important
characteristics of a resistor are?
1. Resistance Nominal Value
2. Tolerance
3. Power Rating
c. How the Resistance of the Resistors
Measured?
Trough it’s color bands.
d. How do we know which color corresponds to
which number?
By using the Resistor Color Code.
e. What is Resistor Color Code?
In order to identify the nominal
resistance and the tolerance of a resistor,
manufacturers typically use a color band
system known as the resistor color code.
Resistor Color Code

f. Which side of a resistor do I read from?


For 4-band resistors a gold or silver
band is always the last band.
If the resistor has 5 bands or if there
is no tolerance band (±20%), then the first
band is the one located closest to a lead.
Converting the Nominal Resistance and
Tolerance into the Color Code.

4-Band Resistors

1. Resistors with ±5% and ±10% Tolerance will


have 4-bands
2. Convert nominal value to ohms (W)
3. 1st digit (from left to right) of nominal value =
1st color band
4. 2nd digit of nominal value = 2nd band
5. Number of zeros remaining = 3 rd (multiplier)
band
6. Tolerance = 4th band

5-Band Resistors

1. Resistors with ±1% and ±2% Tolerance will


have 5-bands
2. Convert nominal value to ohms (W)
3. 1st digit (from left to right) of nominal value =
1st color band
4. 2nd digit of nominal value = 2nd band
5. 3rd digit of nominal value = 3rd band
6. Number of zeros remaining = 4th (multiplier)
band
7. Tolerance = 5th band

Tolerance Bands

To calculate tolerance range

1. Determine the resistors stated resistance


from the color bands.
2. Multiply the stated resistance times (x) the
tolerance percentage.
3. Add and Subtract your tolerance figure
from the stated resistance to identify the
acceptable range.

Example 1.

Determine the nominal resistance value and


the tolerance for the resistor shown below.

GOLD
RED
RED

RED
10 x ± %

GOLD
RED
RED

RED
2 2 10 x 2 ± 5%
Calculate the Tolerance.
2,200 Ω x .05 (or 5%)
= +/- 110 Ohms tolerance
Maximum
2,200 Ω + 110 Ω = 2310 Ω
Minimum
2,200 Ω – 110 Ω = 2090 Ω
Example 2.
ORANGE
YELLOW

GOLD
VILOLET
ORANGE

10 x ± %
YELLOW

GOLD
VILOLET

4 7 10 x 3 ± 5%
or 47K Ω

47 K Ω x .05 (or 5%)


= +/- 2.35 K Ω tolerance

Maximum
47 K Ω + 2.35 K Ω = 49.35 K Ω
Minimum
47 K Ω – 2.35 K Ω = 44.65 K Ω
Example 3.
BROWN
BLACK
BROWN

RED
BLACK

10 x ± %
BROWN
BLACK
BROWN

RED
BLACK
1 0 0 10 x 1 ± 2%

1,000 Ω x .02 (or 2%)


= +/- 20 Ω tolerance

Maximum
1,000 Ω + 20 Ω = 1,020 Ω
Minimum
1,000 Ω – 20 Ω = 980 Ω
4. Application
The teacher will group the student into
three.
The teacher will provide the colored
resistors.
Each group will get five colored resistor.
They will calculate the resistance and get
the maximum and minimum tolerance of the
colored resistors.
They will write their answer with solution to
one whole sheet of paper.

5. Evaluation
YELLOW

A.
RED
BLUE
RED

Calculate the Stated Resistance for the Resistor


1. What is the stated Resistance and tolerance percentage?___________ Ω (2 pts.)
2. What is the Tolerance of the resistor?___________ Ω (3 pts.)
3. The resistor is working properly if it measures between ___________ Ω
and ___________ Ω of resistance. (5 pts.) (show the solution)

B.
BROWN

GOLD
BLACK
RED

Calculate the Stated Resistance for the Resistor


1. What is the stated Resistance and tolerance percentage?___________ Ω (2 pts.)
2. What is the Tolerance of the resistor?___________ Ω (3 pts.)
3. The resistor is working properly if it measures between ___________ Ω
and ___________ Ω of resistance. (5 pts.) (show the solution)
BROWN
RED

SILVER

C.
BLACK
RED

Calculate the Stated Resistance for the Resistor


1. What is the stated Resistance and tolerance percentage?___________ Ω (2 pts.)
2. What is the Tolerance of the resistor?___________ Ω (3 pts.)
3. The resistor is working properly if it measures between ___________ Ω
and ___________ Ω of resistance. (5 pts.) (show the solution)

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