Essential Oils in Nepal:

A Practical Guide to Essential Oils and Aromatherapy

Khilendra Gurung

Himalayan Bio Trade Pvt. Ltd.

Kathmandu, Nepal
Contents

PART ONE

1. Introduction

2. History

2.1 Ancient civilizations

2.2 History of aromatherapy

3. Medical herbalism

3.1 Properties

3.2 Mode of action

3.3 Therapeutic guidelines

3.4 Safety guidelines

4. Action and application

4.1 How does essential oil work

5. Use of essential oils at home

5.1 Application methods

6. Blending

6.1 Correct proportions

6.2 Synergy

6.3 Fragrant harmony

7. Chemistry of essential oils

7.1 Alcohols

7.2 Aldehydes

7.3 Esters

7.4 Ethers
 7.5 Ketones

7.6 Oxides

7.7 Phenols

7.8 Terpene hydrocarbons

PART TWO

1. Extraction methods of essential oils

1.1 Expression

1.2 Distillation

1.3 Distillery design

1.4 Production process of essential oils in Nepal

1.5 Extraction methods of other aromatics

PART THREE

1. Quality control of essential oils

2. Analysis and quality assessment

3. Quantitative determination

4. Quality assessment techniques

4.1 Sensory evaluations

4.2 Physical tests

4.3 Chemical tests

5. Instrumental techniques

5.1 Chromatographic techniques

5.2 Spectrophotometric techniques

5.3 Spectroscopic techniques

5.4 Combined techniques

6. GC-MS libraries

7. Retention index
 8. Gas chromatography/Chemical ionization-Mass spectrometry

9. Fourier- transform infrared spectrophotometer

10. Conformity to specifications

PART FOUR

1. Caring for essential oils

2. Packaging of essential oils

3. Storage of essential oils

4. Uses of essential oils

PART FIVE

1. Therapeutic index

1.1 Skin care

1.2 Circulation, muscles and joints

1.3 Respiratory system

1.4 Digestive system

1.5 Endocrine system

1.6 Immune system

1.7 Nervous system

PART SIX

1. Profiles of traded essential oils in Nepal

2. Essential oils with potential for trade in Nepal

PART SEVEN

1. Legal provisions for production and export of essential oils in Nepal

1.1 Registration of cottage industry

1.2 Collection, transport permit and verification

1.3 Value added tax

1.4 Processing permit

 2. Legal provisions for export of essential oils from Nepal

2.1 Documents required for export

2.2 Recommendation and export permit

PART EIGHT

1. Total quality management of essential oils

2. Certification of essential oils

2.1 Improving access to market through product certification

2.2 Need for certification

2.3 Organically produced essential oils

3. Essential oils manufacturers and traders of Nepal

4. Agencies/organizations promoting the essential oil sector in Nepal

5. Some health care products based on essential oils in Nepal

5.1 Soothing products

5.2 Massage oil/Pain relief products

5.3 Other products

Glossary

1. Glossary of medical terms

2. Glossary of aromatherapeutic terms

3. Glossary of botanical terms

4. Glossary of other terms

Bibliography

Index