NAME : STUTI SHARMA

USER Id: 3010_Stuti

THIRD ASSIGNMENT ANSWERS

Ans.1 Cyber Crimes and Conventional Crimes: A Crime is an act punishable by law. It is an
act prohibited by law.

 According to Lord Atkin- “ the criminal quality of an act cannot be discovered by

reference to any standard but one: is the act prohibited with penal consequences.”
 It has been said that cyber crimes are species of which conventional crimes are the genus.
It includes either the computer as an object or subject for conducting criminal activities.
 The use of computers as a medium to conduct cyber crime differentiates cyber crimes
from conventional crimes.
 There are no jurisdictions and areas that bind cyber crimes from being committed, which
in turn makes it extremely technical and difficult for the Govt. to investigate such
matters.
 Cyber crimes unlike conventional crimes involve great amount of skill.
 Conventional crimes on the other hand require skills that are minimal in nature.

Ans.2

Ans.3

Ans.4 Classification of Cyber Crime: Cyber crimes basically refer to carrying out of a
criminal activity using computers / networks as a tool to commit such activities. A crime is an
act prohibited by law.

Eg. Hacking of online accounts like Facebook, twitter etc.

 Cyber crimes can be classified on following basis-

1. Subject of crime : Against Individual, Against Organisation, Against Society

2. Against whom it is committed.

3. Nature of criminal activity.

4. Commission of Traditional Crimes : these include

a. Cyber theft – under this a person dishonestly moves/takes away anything

material from the computer of another without his permission.
Eg.Transferring of money from one account to another.

b. Cyber Trespass- often the information stored on internet is password

protected and that password works like a fence for that info. Breaking of
such fence (password) amounts to a punishable offence.

c. Cyber Obscenity: it is an extension of S.292 & S.293 of IPC,1860. The

materials herein are published on internet.

d. Cyber Forgery & Fraud: fake marksheets, revenue stamps, certificates of

merit etc. are made using high quality scanners and printers.

e. IPR crimes: infringement of trademark, copyright, theft of such codes

amounts to violation of laws relating to IPR.

5. Emergence of new Crimes: these include

a. Cyber Stalking :the stalker follows the victim’s activities online &hence
threatens them by gathering such information. They often make use of
sites like- ww.switchboard.com & www.whowhere.com.

b. Cyber Pornography : these include illicit materials & websites that are
made available online.

Eg. the famous case of Air Force bal Bharti where a student made a
website where girls , teachers were classified on basis of sexual
preferances.

c. Unauthorized Access: it refers to any kind of access without the

permission of the authorized owner.
Ans.5.