Frictional Force

A. OBJECTIVE
1. Observant context between a normal force with frictional force.
2. Observant context between discoursety of surface with frictional force.
3. Determine friction coeffision static on sideways area.
B. FORMULATION PROBLEM
1. How the relationship between a normal force with frictional force?
2. How the relationship between discoursety of surface with frictional force ?
3. How to establish or find the value of friction coeffision static on inclide area ?
C. IDENTIFICATION AND DEFINITION OPERATIONAL VARIABLE
1. Identification Variable
Activity 1
1) Variabel Manipulation : normal force
2) Variabel Respon : pull force
3) Variabel Control : surface of the object

Activity 2
1) Variabel Manipulation : surface of the object
2) Variabel Respon : pull force
4) Variabel Control : normal force

Activity 3
1) Variabel Manipulation : heavy force
2) Variabel Respon : critical angle
3) Variabel Control : surface of the object
2. Defenition Operational Variable
1) Normal force, is uprated force given the table or board on the beam
whose direction is always perpendicular on the beam.
 2) Pull force, is the amount of force generated on the beam at rest until it
mores straight irregulary whose value can be seen on the spring
balance.
3) Surface of the object, is the texture that shows the roughness of the
surface that comes into contact with the grounding board.
4) Weight foece, is the weight of an object or a beam that is affected by
the force of gravity.
5) Critical angle, is the angle formed on the incline when the right beam
will move.
D. INSTRUMENT
1. The spring balance 0 – 5 N
2. Table pulley
3. Rough beam
4. Slippery beam
5. Load 50 gram
6. String/yarn
7. Square beam (with connecting stecker)
8. Grounding board
9. Incline
10. Meter
E. SHORT THEORY
A beam is phused on table will move when a mass block m, realeased with
initial velocity Vo on a horizontal field, then the beam will eventually stop. That
mean, the movement of the beam is slowing down, or there is a force that holds
the beam, this force is called friction force.
The magnitude of the friction force is determined by the coefficient of friction
between the two surface object and the normal force.
The friction force is divided into two force; static frictional force (fs), and
kinetic friction froce (fk).
 N

F
f

Information:
N = Normal force
F = Force
W = Weight force
f = Friction force
The picture showed, the direction of friction force f is opposite to the cause
force F, and is applicable;

1. for the value F < fs, then the beam is silent.

2. for the value F = fs, then the right beam will move.
3. when the phase is enlarged so that F > fs, the moving object and static
friction force, will turn into a kinetic frictional force.
F. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
Activity 1. The relationship between a normal force with frictional force
1. Pull the beam with the spring balance as shown on the picture

Neraca pegas
Balok
Tali Katrol

Meja

2. Observe the designation of the spring balance when the right beam moves
and when the beam moves straight.
3. Add the load above the beam
4. Observe again the designation of the spring balance when the right beam
moves and when the beam moves straight.

Activity 2. The relationship between between discoursety of surface with

frictional force.

1. Replace the rougher or smoother surface of the beam.

2. Observe the designation of the spring balance when the right beam moves
and when the beam moves straight.
3. Do this activity in several times with replace beam surface is more rough
or smooth.

Activity 3. Determine friction coeffision static on sideways area.

1. Prepare the tools and materials needed.

2. Place the field on the table into horizontal position.
3. Place square block in one of those inclined plots.
 4. Gently lift the end of the field where the square block, so that the slope
angle increases. Write the angle of inclination in the plane when the right
object moves.

G. OBSERVATION RESULT
Activity 1. The relationship between a normal force with frictional force
The type of surface is smooth

Table 1. relationship between pulley force with normal force.

No Normal Force (N) Condition of the Object Pulley Force (N)

1. |1,10 ± 0,05|
Exactly will move 2. |1,10 ± 0,05|
3. |1,20 ± 0,05|
1 |1,70 ± 0,05|
1. |0,50 ± 0,05|
Move straight
2. |0,50 ± 0,05|
irregularly
3. |0,50 ± 0,05|
1. |1,90 ± 0,05|
Exactly will move 2. |2,00 ± 0,05|
3. |1,90 ± 0,05|
2 |2,70 ± 0,05|
1. |0,80 ± 0,05|
Move straight
2. |0,80 ± 0,05|
irregularly
3. |0,70 ± 0,05|
1. |2,80 ± 0,05|
Exactly will move 2. |2,90 ± 0,05|
3. |2,70 ± 0,05|
3 |3,70 ± 0,05|
1. |1,00 ± 0,05|
Move straight
2. |1,10 ± 0,05|
irregularly
3. |1,00 ± 0,05|
 Activity 2. The relationship between between discoursety of surface with
frictional force.

Normal Force (N) : |70,00 ± 0,05|𝑁𝑒𝑤𝑡𝑜𝑛

Table 2. Relationship between the surface type with pulley force.

No Surface Type Condition of the Object Pulley Force (N)

1. |0,50 ± 0,05|
Exactly will move 2. |0,50 ± 0,05|
3. |0,50 ± 0,05|
1 I
1. |0,30 ± 0,05|
Move straight
2. |0,30 ± 0,05|
irregularly
3. |0,30 ± 0,05|
1. |0,40 ± 0,05|
Exactly will move 2. |0,40 ± 0,05|
3. |0,40 ± 0,05|
2 II
1. |0,30 ± 0,05|
Move straight
2. |0,30 ± 0,05|
irregularly
3. |0,30 ± 0,05|
1. |0,30 ± 0,05|
Exactly will move 2. |0,30 ± 0,05|
3. |0,30 ± 0,05|
3 III
1. |0,20 ± 0,05|
Move straight
2. |0,30 ± 0,05|
irregularly
3. |0,30 ± 0,05|
 Activity 3. Determine friction coeffision static on sideways area.

Table 3. frictional static force on the inclide area.

No Weight Force (N) Critical Angle (˚)

1. |58,0 ± 0,5|
|70 ± 5| 2. |54,0 ± 0,5|
1
3. |57,0 ± 0,5|

1. |62,0 ± 0,5|
|170 ± 5| 2. |63,0 ± 0,5|
2
3. |65,0 ± 0,5|

1. |78,0 ± 0,5|
|215 ± 5| 2. |70,0 ± 0,5|
3
3. |70, 0 ± 0,5|

1. |65,0 ± 0,5|
|230 ± 5| 2. |65,0 ± 0,5|
4
3. |65,0 ± 0,5|

H. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

In the first activity is to find the relationship between the normal style with
the friction force. By taking the tensile data as a friction force on the object by
manipulating the magnitude of the normal force which depends on the mass of
the beam which has first been measured using the Ohauss 310 gram balance then
multiplied by the acceleration of gravity. With each normal force is the added load
beam ie block + load 1, beam + load1 + load2, and beam + load1 + load2 + load3
so that the normal force becomes independent variable. With the change in the
normal force, it causes a change in the spring balance appointment of the beam
pull force so that the tensile force becomes the response variable of the normal
force.
 The beam pull force is equal to the static friction force on the block because
it uses Newton's law when the right beam will move ΣF = 0 then F-f_s = 0 so that
F = f_s. Whereas when the beam moves straight irregularly the tensile force is
also the same as the kinetic friction force using Newton II law because the moving
object ΣF = ma with acceleration on GLB is zero then F-f_k = 0 so F = f_k. Then the
variable made to remain and unchanged is the type of beam surface. Pre-
arranged to use rough-surface beams that do not affect the pull-pull results.

I. CONCLUSION
1. The normal force relationship and the frictional force that the greater the
value of the normal force the greater the frictional force accepted because
the normal force is directly proportional to the frictional force.
2. The relationship of surface roughness with friction force that is directly
proportional because the more rough surface of an object the greater the
friction force generated.
3. How to determine the static friction coefficient on the incline is by using the
formula S = tan c where θ is the critical angle at which the right object will.
 PHYSICS EXPERIMENTAL REPORT

UNIT 3
FRICTIONANL FORCE

BY

MUH FACHRY NURSETYA

1712141002

PHYSICS SCIENCE

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES

UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MAKASSAR

2017