ESSAY FORMATTING

Assignment 5
EDUC1113 Jade Lomas 20160830

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Discussion .............................................................................................................................................................................. 2
Examples ................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
Format...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Summary ................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
References .............................................................................................................................................................................. 4

Assignment 5 Essay Formatting 1

EDUC1113 Jade Lomas 20160830

AMERICAL AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL

ASSOCIATION STYLE SAMPLE
INTRODUCTION

The American Psychological Association (APA) style is primarily used in the social science disciplines.

It is formatted like Modern Language Association (MLA), and shows many similarities, but is unique

in several key points. This paper discusses the APA in detail. “Addressing plagiarism has become a

major challenge in education and educating students in referencing correctly with the APA 6th is one

way of trying to overcome the problem” (Bretag, 2013; Manar & Shameem, 2014).

DISCUSSION
APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but rather than indicating the author's

name and page number, APA includes author's name and date of publication. The page number,

represented with a p. or a pp., is only added to the citation when using a direct quote (not a summary

or paraphrase). If the author's name is mentioned in the sentence, then place the date of publication in

parentheses directly after the name. If the name is not mentioned include the author's name and date in

parentheses at the end of the source material. And, if you use a direct quote, place the page number

after the publication date within the parentheses.

EXAMPLES

Note the difference between the following three examples:

Terrence (1999) has presented poignant examples from 150 interviews. However, it has been pointed

out that the research was conducted in a selective, highly biased, way (Strong & Porter, 1998). All of

the interviewees have been called “exceptions to the norm” (Strong & Porter, 1998, p. 5).

Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the sentence, the second example

paraphrases authors that are not named in the sentence, and the third example provides a direct quote

Assignment 5 Essay Formatting 2

EDUC1113 Jade Lomas 20160830

(thus the inclusion of the page numbers) but also does not identify the authors within the sentence. If

the authors were identified within the sentence in the third example, the authors' names would be

followed by the year of publication and only the page numbers would be in the parentheses at the end

of the quote.

FORMAT

Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what APA calls the Reference page.

You will notice a few immediate differences from the MLA Works Cited format. With APA you include

the initial of the author's first name rather than the complete name, the publication date immediately

follows the author's name in parentheses, and titles of articles are not surrounded with quotation marks.

The lists are still alphabetized by author's last name (or title in the absence of an author) and the first

line is flush left while subsequent lines in the same entry are indented in (approximately 5 spaces or one

tab). A good resource to help you with referencing is Notre Dame’s referencing guide at

http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box-3040351. There is also a summary downloadable help

document available at: http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459. In APA Style, you include

a reference list rather than a bibliography with your paper (APA, 2017). A reference list consists of all

sources cited in the text of a paper whereas a bibliography may include resources that were consulted

but not cited in the text as well as an annotated description of each one.

SUMMARY

The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses the APA 6 th referencing style for

all written documents. In addition to in text referencing and the reference list there are a number of

formatting requirements to ensure your essay complies with APA standards. Get to know the APA 6 th.

Assignment 5 Essay Formatting 3

EDUC1113 Jade Lomas 20160830

REFERENCES

APA. (2017) Bibliography versus reference list. Retrieved from http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-

guide-on-references.aspx#Bibliography

Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS Med, 10(12). doi:
10.1371/journal.pmed.1001574

Honsy, M., & Fatima, S. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and plagisriam: University case
study. Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(8), 748-757. doi: 10.3923/jas.2014.748.757

Strong, R. L., Porter, M. (1998), Grammatical Combinations. In S. Parker & K. Gibson (Eds.),
Language and Literacy (p 540-578) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Terrence, H. S. (2007, November 1). Student Success in Community Colleges. The West Australian, p.
6-7

Assignment 5 Essay Formatting 4