Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cheque Truncation:
i. Truncation is the process of stopping the flow of the physical cheque issued by
a drawer at some point with the presenting bank en-route to the drawee bank branch.
ii. In its place an electronic image of the cheque is transmitted to the drawee
branch by the clearing house, along with relevant information like data on the MICR
band, date of presentation, presenting bank, etc.
Crossing on Cheque: Two parallel lines drawn on the top left corner of the cheque.
Account payee cheque: Account payee cheques can be routed only through accounts.
Post dated cheque: The date on the cheque beyond today�s date then cheque becomes
post dated.
Stale cheque: Cheque is valid for 3 months. If the date on the cheque is before 3
months, then the cheque becomes stale cheque.
A.Rupee Appreciation_
HOW?
1.When a country's exports are high, the buyers of these exports need its currency
to pay for those exports.
2.When the country's central bank increases interest rates, people will want that
currency to deposit in the banks to earn that higher interest rate.
3.When employment and per capita income in a country increase, the demand for its
goods and services increases, along with demand for that country's currency in the
local market.
B.Currency depreciation _
C.Rupee devaluation _
Note _
3. effects the indian market .i.e reason most of exports and business done with
china recently.
# China thinking to get into SDR of IMF to occupy the currency basket. but it
effects the hole market even china govt try to put the employees pension bonds into
share market
### -- india made ruppee devalution 3 times so far -- 1966 , 1980 , 1991
2. Financial institutions
a. All-India financial institutions (AIFIs)
b. State financial corporations (SFCs)
c. State industrial development corporations
(SIDCs)
Government of India holds 99% stake. in NABARD and currently 1% is held by the
RBI.
subsidary of rbi :
Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation of India(DICGC), Bharatiya
Reserve Bank Note Mudran Private Limited(BRBNMPL)
nhb - hq-delhi
GNP = GDP + NR (Net income inflow from assets abroad or Net Income Receipts) - NP
(Net payment outflow to foreign assets).
What is IPO?
A: IPO is Initial Public Offering. This is the first offering of shares to the
general public from a company wishes to list on the stock exchanges.
What is GDP?
A: The Gross Domestic Product or GDP is a measure of all of the services and goods
produced in a country over a specific period; classically a year.
What is Fiscal Deficit?
A: It is the difference between the government�s total receipts (excluding
borrowings) and total expenditure.
1. Bearer Cheque
When the words "or bearer" appearing on the face of the cheque are not cancelled,
the cheque is called a bearer cheque. The bearer cheque is payable to the person
specified therein or to any other else who presents it to the bank for payment.
However, such cheques are risky, this is because if such cheques are lost, the
finder of the cheque can collect payment from the bank.
2. Order Cheque
When the word "bearer" appearing on the face of a cheque is cancelled and when in
its place the word "or order" is written on the face of the cheque, the cheque is
called an order cheque. Such a cheque is payable to the person specified therein as
the payee, or to any one else to whom it is endorsed (transferred).
4. Crossed Cheque
Crossing of cheque means drawing two parallel lines on the face of the cheque with
or without additional words like "& CO." or "Account Payee" or "Not Negotiable". A
crossed cheque cannot be encashed at the cash counter of a bank but it can only be
credited to the payee's account.
5. Anti-Dated Cheque
If a cheque bears a date earlier than the date on which it is presented to the
bank, it is called as "anti-dated cheque". Such a cheque is valid upto three months
from the date of the cheque.
6. Post-Dated Cheque
If a cheque bears a date which is yet to come (future date) then it is known as
post-dated cheque. A post dated cheque cannot be honoured earlier than the date on
the cheque.
7. Stale Cheque
If a cheque is presented for payment after three months from the date of the cheque
it is called stale cheque. A stale cheque is not honoured by the bank
Top 50 Banking Interview Questions
Basic Questions on Banking Industry for IBPS and SBI Interviews
18 . What is FDI?
FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) occurs with the purchase of the �physical assets or
a significant amount of ownership (stock) of a company in another country in order
to gain a measure of management control� (Or) A foreign company having a
stake in a Indian Company.
19 What is IPO?
IPO is Initial Public Offering. This is the first offering of shares to the general
public from a company wishes to list on the stock exchanges.
27 . What is SEZ?
SEZ means Special Economic Zone is the one of the part of government�s policies in
India. A special Economic zone is a geographical region that economic laws which
are more liberal than the usual economic laws in the country. The basic motto
behind this is to increase foreign investment, development of infrastructure, job
opportunities and increase the income level of the people.
28 Functions of RBI?
The Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of India, was established on April
1,1935 in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.The
Reserve Bank of India was set up on the recommendations of the Hilton Young
Commission. The commission submitted its report in the year 1926, though the bank
was not set up for nine years.To regulate the issue of Bank Notes and keeping of
reserves with a view to securing monetary stability in India and generally to
operate the currency and credit system of the country to its advantage."
Banker to the Government: Performs merchant banking function for the central and
the state governments; also acts as their banker.
33 What is Cheque?
Cheque is a negotiable instrument instructing a Bank to pay a specific amount from
a specified account held in the maker/depositor's name with that Bank. A bill of
exchange drawn on a specified banker and payable on demand.�Written order
directing a bank to pay money�.
35 What is a NBFC?
A non-banking financial company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies
Act, 1956 and is engaged in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of
shares/stock/bonds/debentures/securities issued by government, but does not include
any institution whose principal business is that of agriculture
activity, industrial activity, sale/purchase/construction of immovable property.
NBFCs are doing functions akin to that of banks; however there are a few
differences:
(i)A NBFC cannot accept demand deposits (demand deposits are funds deposited at a
depository institution that are payable on demand -- immediately or within a very
short period -- like your Current or Savings Accounts.)
(ii) it is not a part of the payment and settlement system and as such cannot issue
cheques to its customers; and
(iii) Deposit insurance facility of DICGC is not available for NBFC depositors
unlike in case of banks.
36 What is NABARD?
NABARD was established by an act of Parliament on 12 July 1982 to implement the
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act 1981. It replaced the
Agricultural Credit Department (ACD) and Rural Planning and Credit Cell
(RPCC) of Reserve Bank of India, and Agricultural Refinance and Development
Corporation (ARDC). It is one of the premiere agency to provide credit in rural
areas. NABARD is set up as an apex Development Bank with a mandate for facilitating
credit flow for promotion and development of agriculture, small-scale
industries, cottage and village industries, handicrafts and other rural crafts.
37 What is SIDBI?
The Small Industries Development Bank of India is a state-run bank aimed to aid the
growth and development of micro, small and medium scale industries in India. Set up
in 1990 through an act of parliament, it was incorporated initially as a wholly
owned subsidiary of Industrial Development Bank of India.
39 What is SEBI?
SEBI is the regulator for the Securities Market in India. Originally set up by the
Government of India in 1988, it acquired statutory form in 1992 with SEBI Act 1992
being passed by the Indian Parliament. Chaired by C B Bhave.
42 What is Recession?
A true economic recession can only be confirmed if GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
growth is negative for a period of two or more consecutive quarters.
44. What is the difference between Nationalized bank and Private Bank ?
A Nationalized bank is one that is owned by the government of the country. Since
the people decide who the government is, they are also referred to as public sector
banks. The government is responsible for the money deposited into the accounts of
these banks. Whereas a private sector bank is one that is owned by an independent
individual or a company that is controlled by a few individuals. In short, the bank
is owned by someone else and they run the bank. The person owning/running the bank
is responsible for the money deposited into the accounts of these banks.
�What is Priority sector lending ------ sectors of the economy which may not get
timely and adequate credit
�What are the different categories under priority sector------ Agriculture, Micro
and Small enterprises, Education, Housing, ExportCredit
�What is target for total prority sector lending Domestic commercial banks /
Foreign banks with 20 and above branches------40 %
�What is target for foreign banks with less than 20 branches----32 %
�What is target for Total agriculture Domestic commercial banks / Foreign banks
with 20 and above branches----18 %
�What is target for Total agriculture Foreign banks with less than 20
branches------- No specific target
�What is target for Advances to Weaker Sections Domestic commercial banks / Foreign
banks with 20 and above branches ---- 10 %
�What is target for Advances to Weaker Sections Foreign banks with less than 20
branches --- No specific target
�PACS acronym ---- Primary Agricultural Credit Societies
MANUFACTURING SERVICES
MICRO 5LAK - 25LAK 2 LAK - 10 LAK
Pledge-------------------Ornaments
Hypothecation----------Movable Property
Mortagage--------------Immovable Property
Lien----------------------Shares & Debentures
Assignment-------------LIC, NSC etc
Ans. Every business has �fixed cost of production� say minimum light bill, phone
bill, office rent, staff salary etc. So, if prices keep falling and falling (say of
Nano car), then car marker will suffer losses. He has no motivation to expand
business. He wants to cut down his production costs, by firing some of the
employees= less new jobs created= unemployment = social unrest.
If prices of everything fall- then custom duty, VAT, excise duty, service tax-
their collection will also decrease. Then government has less money to spend on
education, healthcare, social sector, defense, law and order = poverty, disease,
crime.
Jaise hume market se kuch lene k lie paise chahiye hote h...
Waise hi Govt ko kuch kharidne k lie paise chahiye hote h...
Forex basically govt ka bank account h...
Used to purchase from abroad.
right now it is approx 238 billion dollar.
forex are assets held by central bank in different foreign currencies
Moral Suasion- Under this method, the Central Bank merely uses its moral influence
on the commercial banks. It includes the advice, suggestion request and persuasion
with the commercial banks to cooperate with the Central Bank. If the commercial
banks do not follow the advice extended by the Central Bank, no penal action is
taken against them. The success of this method depends upon the co-operation
between the Central Bank & commercial banks and the respect the Central Bank
commands over commercial banks.