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Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Shear Friction
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Shear Friction Definition


When shear is applied to an initially cracked surface, or surface
formed by placing one layer of concrete on top of an existing
layer of hardened concrete, relative slip of layers causes a
separation of the surfaces. If there is a reinforcement across the
crack, it is elongated by the separation of the surfaces.
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Shear Friction Reinforcement


The shear stress on the concrete face is assumed to be related to
the compressive stresses by a coefficient of friction . The
maximum capacity is assumed to be reached when the
reinforcement crossing the crack yields leading to a shear
resistance of:
𝐴𝑠𝑓 𝑓𝑦
𝑄= .𝜇
𝛾𝑠

Or
𝑄
𝐴𝑠𝑓 =
𝜇 𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Shear Friction Reinforcement


If the section is subjected to tension force in addition to shear
force, then the required amount of reinforcement
Nu

𝑄 𝑁𝑢
𝐴𝑠𝑓 = +
𝜇 𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠 𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠

Nu
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Values of shear friction coefficient 

𝑄𝑢 𝑁𝑢
𝐴𝑠𝑓 = +
𝜇 𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠 𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠

Crack condition 
1 Concrete cast monolithically 1.2
2 Concrete cast against hardened concrete with surface 0.8
intentionally roughened
3 Concrete cast against hardened concrete not intentionally 0.5
roughened of concrete anchored to structural steel by
headed studs or bars.
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Code limitations

𝑄𝑢
𝑞𝑢 = ≤ 0.15𝑓𝑐𝑢
𝐴𝑐

𝑄𝑢
𝑞𝑢 = ≤ 4 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴𝑐
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Short Cantilevers
(Brackets or Corbels)
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Definitions
Short cantilevers are
defined by the Egyptian
Code as cantilevers whose
shear span to depth ratio
(a/d) is 1.0 or less. In
corbels, a large horizontal
force develops due to
shrinkage and creep of the
supported elements such
as beam that are
connected to the corbels.
It is advisable to consider
a minimum horizontal
force, Nu=0.2Qu .
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Structural Action
The structural action of short cantilevers can be idealized as a
truss made up of a compression strut ant a tension tie. The
inclination of strut determines the tension in the tie be a simple
force polygon. A direct shear failure could be possible mode of
failure along the face of column.
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Required Reinforcement

The corbel reinforcement


requires three types:
1. Main reinforcement
2. Horizontal stirrups
3. Vertical stirrups
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Reinforcement Calculations
Calculate the following:

𝑁𝑢
𝐴𝑛 =
𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠

𝑀𝑢 = 𝑄𝑢 𝑎 + 𝑁𝑢 𝑡 + ∆ − 𝑑
𝑀𝑢
𝐴𝑓 ≈
0.8𝑑 𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠

𝑄𝑢 𝑁𝑢
𝐴𝑠𝑓 = +
𝜇 𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠 𝑓𝑦 /𝛾𝑠
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Reinforcement Calculations
Main steel (As):

The greater from:


1. 𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑛 + 𝐴𝑓
2. 𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑛 + 2/3𝐴𝑠𝑓
𝑓𝑐𝑢
3. 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.03 𝑏𝑑
𝑓𝑦
Shear Friction and Corbels Reinforced Concrete Design (5)

Reinforcement Calculations
Distributed steel (Ah) in 2/3 d:

𝐴ℎ = 0.5(𝐴𝑠 − 𝐴𝑛 )

Vertical Stirrups

0.4
𝐴𝑣 = 𝑏. 𝑠
𝑓𝑦

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