TECHNICAL/EXECUTIVE REPORT : CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

CHE 244: INTRODUCTION TO

Lab No. : 1 Subject :
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Effect Of Residence Time on the Reaction in

Experiment : Mark :
a CSTR 100
Date : 7 AUGUST 2016
Participant Course: Chemical Engineering Semester: 3 Group: T4EH110 3A
*Please cancel which No. Name Matrix No. Signature
is not necessary.
1 MUHAMMAD FARHAN BIN RAMLI
2 MOHD NAZMI BIN ABDULLAH
3 NABILA AFIEQAH BINTI NASRUDIN 2015818478
NOR SYAZWANI BINTI MD.
4 2015814706
SHARIFFUDDIN
5 TUAN NUR AFINI BINTI TUAN SABRI 2015818268
` 1. MADAM MARSHAHIDA BINTI MAT YASHIM

Objective :
1. To carry out a saponification reaction between NaOH and Et(Ac) in a CSTR.
2. To determine the effect of residence time on the extent of conversion.
3. To determine the reaction rate constant.

Abstract :
In this experiment, the mechanism of saponification of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and ethyl acetate
(Et(Ac) ) is carry out in Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR). There are three component in this
experiment is to be measured which are reaction rate, residence time and conversion X. This experiment
used model BP100 as the mechanism to run the reaction. Firstly, the reactor is filled with NaOH and
Et(Ac) until achieved ¾ of the tank. Then, the solution is stirred at 200 rpm.The experiment
start to be measured by obtain adjustable flow rate which are 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 0.30 L/min. Next,
the stable conductivity is recorded into a data. After experiment completed, a graph being plotted.

Data/Results The Table that shows the effect of residence time on the reaction on CSTR are at the
/Calculation: back of this page.

The table shows the preparation of calibration curve for conversion vs. conductivity.

Conversion Solution mixture Concentration Conductivity

0.1M 0.1M H2O of NaOH (M) (ms/cm)
NaOH Na(Ac)
0% 100 mL - 100 mL 0.0500 4.16
25% 75 mL 25 mL 100 mL 0.0375 3.28
50% 50 mL 50 mL 100 mL 0.0250 2.67
75% 25 mL 75 mL 100 mL 0.0125 1.83
100% - 100 mL 100 mL 0.0000 1.18

Discussion:
 From this experiment, we have plotted two graph that are based on effect of
residence time on the reaction on CSTR and graph showed the preparation of
calibration curve for conversion vs conductivity. The graph showed the reduced
conversion of X as the residence increase. Residence time can be define as average
amount of time that a particle spends in a particular system. The result to be the
conversion X is directly proportional to residence time supposingly. However, the
reaction rate also will increase as the conversion increases.

A graph is plotted for calibration curve which is a general method for

determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing
the unknown to set a standard samples of known concentration. Based on the graph,
it show that the conversion is increase as the conductivity decrease. This shows that
there is a negative slope obtained from the line which is -0.392.

Conclusion:
As the conclusion , this experiment is to carry out a saponification reaction
between NaOH and Et(Ac) in a CSTR, to determine the effect of residence time of
the extent of conversion and also to determine the reaction rate constant. Based on
the theory, the results should be conversion and residence time was directly
proportional. However, the graph that we obtained in this experiment was slightly
different due to some errors occurred during our handling of the experiment. For the
reaction rate, the data show the increasing over the period of conversion. This
follow the theory whereby as the conversion increase, the rate of reaction will
increase.

References:
Web :
1. http://www.engr.uconn.edu/~daniel/www/cstrkinetics2012.pdf
2. http://www.slideshare.net/errafatiha/experiment-cstr-40l
3. http://www.che.boun.edu.tr/Courses/che302/Chapter%205.pdf

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Allocated Marks for Technical/Executive report

Criteria Full Marks

Abstract 10
Objective 10
Data/Results/Calculation 20
Discussion 30
Conclusion 10
References 10
Overall structure/organization and Quality 10
TOTAL 100

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