SRI GANGANAGAR ENGINEERING

COLLEGE
SEMINAR ON :-
SWITCHYARD & EQUIPMENT

PRESENTED BY :-
NITISH KUMAR
ROLL NO : 11004EX1330
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEER
Switchyard
 CONTENT
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
SWITCH YARD
SWITCHYARD EQUIPMENET
 LIGHTNING ARRESTER
 CURRENT TRANSFORMER
 VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
 BUSBAR
 ISOLATOR
 CIRCUIT BREAKER
 WAVE TRAP
 EARTHING SWITCH
 POWER TRANSFORMER
 Presentation outline
 Understanding basics of switchyard
 Switchyard equipments and schemes
Component of switchyard: Breakers, Isolators, Earth switch, CT,
CVT, Wave trap etc.
 Brief Description of modes of transmission
What is a
switchyard ?

It is a switching station which

has the following credits :
 Main link between
Generating plant and
Transmission system, which
has large influence on the
security of the supply.
 Step-up and /or Step-down
the voltage levels depending
upon the Network Node.
 Switchyard Equipment
Equipments commonly found in switchyard:-
1. Lightening arrestor
2. Current transformer
3. Voltage transformer
4. Bus bar and clamp fittings
5. Isolators
6. Circuit breaker
7. Wave traps
8. Ear thing switch
9. Power transformers
10. Support structure
 Lightning Arrestors
 Safe guards the equipment
by discharging the high currents
due to lightening.
 Apparatus to protected :
• Overhead lines …….Earth/Ground
wires.
• HV equipment…..Las.
• Substation……Lightning
Masts, earth wires.
Current Transformers
Current transformers are used
for the instrumentation,
Protection or metering of power
systems.
Purpose:-
- To step-down the high
magnitude of current to a safe value
to incorporate Measuring and
Protection logics.
 Voltage Transformer
Voltage transformer are required for
the operation of many types of
instrumentation and relay protective
systems. They measure voltage in
conjunction with CT , they measure
power.
Purpose : -
- To step-down the high magnitude of
voltage to safe value to incorporate
measuring and protection logics.
 Bus bar

Bus bar is a thick strip of copper or aluminum that conducts electricity.

Bus bar are used to carry very large currents, or to distribute current to
multiple devices with in switchgear or equipment.
 Isolator
Isolator is a Disconnected switch
and to be operated at no load.
 Isolator switch is used to ensure
that an electrical circuit is
completely de-energized for
service or maintenance.
Interlocked with Breakers and
Earth switch's.
 Circuit breaker
Circuit breaker is an automatically-
operated electrical switch
designed to protect an
electrical Circuit from damage
caused by overload of electricity or
short circuit .
 A circuit breaker function is to
detect a fault condition and, by
interrupting continuity, to
immediately discontinue electrical
flow.
 Wave Trap
 Wave traps are used for
communication purpose during fault
conditions.
It trap high frequency communication
signals sent on the line from the remote
substation and diverting to the
telecom/telephone protection panel in
the substation control room.
 Earthing Switch
Earth switch is used to
discharge the voltage on the
circuit to the earth for safety.
Earth switch is mounted on
the frame of the isolators.
Earth switch is located for each
incomer transmission line and
each side of the bus –bar
section.
 Power Transformer
 Power transformer is used for
the transmission purpose at heavy
load, high voltage greater than 33 KV
& 100% efficiency.
 Power transformer are used
in Transmission network of higher
voltages for step-up and step down
application (400 kV, 200 kV, 110 kV,
66 kV, 33kV) and are generally rated
above 200MVA.
THANK YOU