INTRODUCTION

A plasma cutting is a usually used tool for cutting metals for an extensive change of purposes.
A hand-held plasma is an exceptional tool for rapidly cutting over bolts, sheet metal, straps,
pipes, and metal plates. Hand-held plasma torches also kind of an outstanding gouging tool,
removing defective welds or used for back-gouging weld joints. Steel plate can be cutting into
small shape by used a hand torch, but impossible to become good sufficient part edge or
accuracy quality for utmost metal fabrication. So, that the reason the CNC plasma is needed.

A CNC plasma system based on the Figure 1 is a machine that brings the plasma torch, and
can move the torch at specific path focused by the computer. The term of CNC mentions to
“Computer Numerical Control”, which means the numerical codes in a program that in the
computer is used to direct the machine motion.

Figure 1: shows that the CNC plasma system

The CNC is the real controller designed for machine tools, with specifically designed control
console and exclusive interface panel, such as Allen-Bradley, Seimens controller or Fanuc. It
could be as a Windows depend on the laptop or the computer running special software program
and connect through the Ethernet port with the machine drives.

Steel plate is cutting through motion of the torch that been controlled by the CNC. Frequently
a text file with “M-codes” and “G-codes” are part of the program, defines the contours of the
part and to turn on and off the torch. Post-processor is the piece of the software that created in
the part programs which take the part geometry from a CAD file and interpret it into M-codes
and G-codes in the CNC.

A CNC plasma machine involves the drive system, cables, drive amplifiers, encoders and
motors. The machine has two motors which is in X-axis and Y-axis. The drive amplifier
consisted for each motor which functioned to take low-power signal from the CNC and increase
into the higher-powered signal to rotate the motor.
The CNC define part program then the outputs signals to the machine drive system which
moves the torch in the specific direction along programmed at suitable speed. The CNC define
the encoder feedback and the drive signal will be corrected as needed to keep torch motion will
keep on the programmed path. The component of electronic in the CNC and drive system
communicate very fast, frequently measuring and informing position information every few
milliseconds. The machine motion will be smooth and accurate sufficient to produce plasma
cut parts with straight, precise part dimensions and consistent edge quality.

The CNC plasma system has an electrical system that control Inputs and Outputs. The CNC
turns on the plasma at the suitable time, by turning on an output that ends a relay. The CNC
uses inputs to recognize when the plasma arc has started, and ready to move. There are the
utmost basic Inputs and Outputs needed.