FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT AND TECHOPRENEURSHIP

BACHELOR OF TECHNOPRENEURSHIP (BTMI)

SEMESTER I SESSION 2018/2019

BTMP 2083: MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

PREPARED FOR:

DR YUSRI BIN ARSHAD

PREPARED BY:

NO NAME MATRIC NUMBER

1 MUHAMMAD SHADIID TAQWA BIN SAMSI B061710210
2 MUHAMAD FAZLIE BIN LOK B061710064
3 MUHAMMAD NUR HAIQAL BIN JUNAIDI B061710043
4 NOR’AINIL YAQQEN BINTI NOR AZIZ B061410276
5 BANU PRIYA A/P MORGHAN B061710443
6 MIZA MARINI IZZATI BINTI MAT SAAD B061710350
 Abstract

Traditional phone booking systems required staff to be on hand to manually manage

and take bookings. So, with online booking system, the opportunity for double-bookings
too are reduced by its real-time system where every input is processed immediately. Online
booking systems too allow customers to book even on their mobile phones and through
social networks, helping deliver bookings to customer anywhere and anytime. Skedda, as
an online reservation system for courts, studios, rooms and other spaces improved with QR
codes technology, allowing smooth transition in the process of booking.

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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1
2.0 System Analysis ................................................................................................................. 3
3.0 Improvement to System in the Market ............................................................................ 6
4.0 Literature Review .............................................................................................................. 9
5.0 System Design .................................................................................................................. 11
6.0 Project Cost ...................................................................................................................... 24
7.0 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 26
Reference ...................................................................................................................................... 27

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1.0 Introduction

Booking or reservation is an act of reserving with a services or goods supplier for a

ticket, accommodation, seats in the stadium or cinema, rooms in a hotel, tables in a
restaurant, air flights and others in advance for future use.

An online booking system allow customers to pay and book for a service or goods
directly through the website online. As a software for reservation management, they allow
operators to accept bookings online, managing their in-person bookings smoothly.
Everything is handled online, from the customer booking process in choosing date, picking
time and paying the reservation, thus reducing the workload on the staff greatly.

The opportunity for double-bookings too are reduced by its real-time system where
every input is processed immediately. For example, the previous booking has already been
fully processed when a new booking request arrives. Since requests come into the system
through a 'queue', only one request will be received by the operator's computer just before
the other even though there are two or more booking requests made at the same time.

Advanced booking systems too allow customers to book even on their mobile phones
and through social networks, helping deliver bookings to customer anywhere and anytime.
So, online bookings systems should replace traditional phone booking systems that
required staff to be on hand to manage and take bookings manually.

Then, comes Skedda, a cloud application designed to manage the bookings for courts,
studios, rooms and other spaces. As an online booking and reservation system, Skedda:

a) Focus on the reservation of space-style resources (meeting rooms, courts, studios,

halls)
b) Focus on collaboration and self-service so that venue users have the power to
manage their own bookings (giving venue managers more time)
c) Optimized approach that eliminates friction at every stage of product use, and first-
class support (even for our customers on the no-cost plan).

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 At the same time, we improve those redeeming qualities with the use of QR codes. A
QR code or its long name Quick Response code is a type of 2D bar code that can encoded
to a variety of information such as website links, video, audio, image, PDF file, simple text,
contact information and others. It’s too could be interpret as "print based hypertext link".

Same process with entering cinema, before you enter the court or place reserved, you
have to scan your QR code received when you book it online at the entrance. This process
is known as mobile ticketing, you use your cell phone to buy tickets and they are sent to
your cell phone as a QR code. When you reach at the destination, you show the code on
your phone’s screen and is scanned to check its validity.

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2.0 System Analysis

PROBLEM STATEMENT

There are a few problem that exist while using the Skedda booking system software.
As S k e d d a b o o k i n g s y s t e m is having manual booking system, they are facing
some problems issuing booking requests of customers. All the necessary booking stuffs are
being done in hard copy. So it become much difficult for staffs to keep the records updated
all the time. As for example, if the customers need to change the check in date it become
difficult for them to find out the customers booking details for updating as there are so
many customers booking records. Again, regarding current system customers cannot give
feedback online and also staff cannot reply to them promptly. Besides tourists from other
South East Asian counties need to call directly for booking purposes. So they cannot get
the chance to view their meeting rooms or hotels rooms before they make book.

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OBJECTIVE

1. Skedda online booking system addresses easier way to access information to enhance
the organization’s performance, productivity and competitiveness.
2. Skedda online booking is a clear and simple Overview. Your online booking system
should have at least one screen where you can see your availability very quickly and
clearly. This removes the need for the old paper book, and allows your reception staff
to easily see whether you have availability or not.
3. Skedda online booking system is an online payments. For the fully comprehensive
business, you may want to integrate an automatic payment system. With this in place,
you reduce manual workload even more, and you provide your customers with a
complete easy and safe way to both book and pay for your offerings.

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Advantages of Skedda online booking system to user.

1. Open 24/7 to receive reservations.

Many customers surf the Internet outside of business hours and they are more likely to
make reservations on the spot that trying to remember to call back the next day. Statistics
show that more and more bookings today are made during the evening at home online.
The reasons for this are twofold. Firstly, many companies now monitor and control
Internet access in the workplace, and secondly, nearly every home today has an Internet
connection and a PC or laptop. If your normal business hours are 9 to 5, then you have no
one to take bookings after 17:00, and this is when we now know most online bookings
occur. An Online booking system allows you to receive booking 24 hours a day;
therefore, your booking service is always open.

2. All your customer data in a structured system.

If you use a good online booking system which also handles the walk-in, email and phone
bookings, then you will have all your previous customers’ data in a structured system.
This is important today as it allows you to market yourself to your previous customers.
This customer list is often one of your best-valued resources in a business, and you want
this data both accessible and structured.

3. Discount Codes
Discount codes are a great way to market your business in either off-season, or when you
have some last spots available. Make sure your online booking system can support
discount codes.

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3.0 Improvement to System in the Market

This project we focuses on developing a basic function of booking system. This table
show the basic IPOS from Input, Process, Output and Storage. We improve to use EQR-
code technology for this project.

IPOS System New Technology/Device Old Technology/Device

Input Keyboard Telephone/Manual

Process CPU device Dealing

Output Computer Reject/Conform

Storage ROM device Book

Table 1.1: IPOS for Booking System

Before the improvement:

Input:

The old way to booking online venue is use telephone or manual. This case may be late to
take the order because we would should go call or go the venue to order the court. Mostly
we late to order face to face to owner to take order for venue because we face the traffic
light. Maybe we don’t have any time to go order because another reasons. Using telephone,
the owner venue maybe accept your call or also owner will busy that time.

Process:

Dealing to owner venue to get court is the old way process to booking venue. Is possible
to deal to owner venue because we don’t know the court full or not if we use face to face
deal to owner venue. For using telephone, we can recognized and deal fast than use manual
because we could go to venue to deal and we can get result using telephone.

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Output:

The owner make the result to accept or reject booking because there is no vacancy court to
order. If booked, we have to pay the court for how much time we play. If you cannot book
a court, we are booking another court. After payment the court, we get a key to open the
court to play it.

Storage:

The owner venue use to record the booking court using book or paper because cheaper.
The all record you be booking will they record in that. The book can be lost and damaged
day for a day. Nowadays, book change to storage computer will make more easily and
safely.

What the improvement:

Input:

We will use keyboard as the technology to use the CRS. CRS or Computerized Reservation
System is a computerized system used to store and retrieve information and conduct
transactions related to air travel, hotels, car rental, or other activities and related services
with or without facilities through which reservations can be made or tickets may be issued
to the extent that some or all of these services are made available to subscribers.

Process:

A Content Management System (CMS) is a system to manage huge amount of web-content

that avoids the burden of coding each page and manages the creation and modification of
digital content. First process, select a desired date and room, provide personal credentials
such as identification card or matrix number and make necessary payment to confirm a
booking. Based on the user’s credentials given, EQR-Code encoder sport server will

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generate unique EQR-Code for the user. Then, user’s credentials are used by the one-time
password (OTP) and access code module to derive an exclusive OTP and access code,
which will be used in the registration process. The generated OTP is only valid for one
registration session to prevent replay attack. Last, it is encrypted through the encryption
module that serves as a security protection, using Advanced Encryption Standard located
at the court through a simple tap-to-check-in interaction.

Output:

We develop EQR-code as our technology output but they are still largely unknown. We
choice EQR-code because easy to use and more useful nowadays. An EQR-Code is a
matrix barcode readable by mobile phones and smart phones with cameras. They are
sometimes referred to as the two dimensional codes, two dimensional barcodes, or mobile
codes. On most phones it is necessary to download the free application although some
phones have one preinstalled. A QR code has ability to hold more information than a
regular barcode. The information can be encoded in a QR code symbols is a SMS message,
an URL, a phone number, a V-card, or any text and it allows the contents to be decoded at
high speed.

Storage:

Storage is a huge document and memory permanently, we are using ROM as device and,
cloud computing as the system to storage the data. Cloud computing has now come into
the mobile world as “Mobile Cloud Computing”, the cloud computing provides general
applications online which can be accessed through a web browser while all the software
and data resides in the server and the client can access those applications and data without
the complete knowledge about the infrastructure.

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4.0 Literature Review

Computer reservation system is accessible over the internet this system uses a large
amount of space to store data that being gathered from the venue booking activities that
being made by the customers. For the input process output and storage system (ipos), input
data will be processed and stored in a data storage devices that only the authorized
personnel can accessed the data. According to Chanin Tungpantong, Kullanit
Laohaphiboonrattana, Chananda Pinta, Teeraporn Wattanasopa, and Napapol Sonjai stated
that, input section became familiar with the existing system so there was no wasting time
to adapt to the new system. The system worked effectively and reduced duplication of
processes. It also reduced the working operation time. This is consistent with the results of
evaluation by experts given the high quality on the system process section and very high
quality on the storage section.

According to James W. Rose and Theodore C. Chen (1998) stated that “software
product and system that provides merchants that sell time-slot inventories tools to
capitalize on the internet revolution enables the creation of web sites for merchants with a
built in web based reservation booking system”. They stated that this system offers
customers the online benefits of access, selection and immediacy in making real-time
reservation over the internet.

The software product also simplifies the merchant’s booking process by providing a
central web based reservation management system that can be used for all bookings,
regardless if made by telephone, walk-in customer, or via the internet. The software
product also provides the merchant with a powerful direct marketing tool. As a merchant
uses the software product, user-customer profiles and demographics are captured in the
database module, thus creating (in web jargon) a community of customers specific to the
merchant.

The merchant is thus empowered, using the mail module, to directly communicate with
its customer base, using customer profiles and demographics to create a highly targeted
and effective marketing and promotion campaign. The software product also allows the
merchant to auction off time slot inventory over the internet and to offer incentives to repeat

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customers, again resulting in increased revenue for the merchant. Lastly, the software
product enables the creation of web super-communities' consisting of the aggregate of all
the individual merchant’s customer-communities using the software product.

Based on this reviewed journal, online booking system is convenient and customer
friendly because it will save the time for the booking process made. Customer also can do
the booking while doing other task this benefit will save much time for the busy person.
Person who want to do the booking do not have to go to the place to make reservation also
one of the benefit of online booking system provide.

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5.0 System Design

Since the online booking system was integrated for the first time for sport booking
centre, and no one from the staff was familiar with the platform, the design phase was
preceded by an intensive consultation and reading of a documentation and FQA available
on the platform website provided by Skedda, concerning how to start using the tool, how
to create user friendly online reservation system, customization, features, in addition to
checking the similar software online booking system created by other universities and
institutions where they used the different platform, but same principle.

However, since we add a new develop system which EQR-Code as our booking
check-in code, we may know as the first one who develop a new innovation technology in
booking system. After getting familiar with the platform, the admin started the design
phase. Many points were important to think about when designing the booking system:

 Language: Malay or English, the user may choose either one to use as language
 How to organize the court
 Who will the target customer
 Access restriction such as private, public, remote use
 Reservation form required/not required fields and questions’ type
 The information needed to add for users who will book the court (booking system
description, court description, court ‘pictures, facilities & equipment, court rules)
 Reserved time duration and advanced booking time
 Confirmation/cancellation processes
By taking the above notes into consideration, the design of the new room booking system
will take advantage of the various features and options provided by the Skedda’s platform.

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5.1 Architecture of the System

System architecture is typically a diagram that shows the internal functioning of the
system and the inter connection and communication between the different modules of the
system. As shown in the figure, the architecture is divided into three columns namely the
Client End, Business Logic and the Database. Client End shows how the Customer, Event
manager and Ticket checking personal are going to interact with the system. Event manager
and customers will be able to sign up for the system using Web application such the
Browsers like Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox.

The security personal that is going to check the reservation will get a QR code
scanner induced in the mobile application for scanning the code and checking whether they
are valid or invalid. The business logic shows the interaction with the database for
operations like login, create new opening section and code generation. Database will be in
the form of SQL tables. A person who wishes to implement the system into their website
has to get the API to get all the functionalities on their websites.

Figure 1.1: System Architecture

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5.2 Prototype Model

The prototype will demonstrate the ability of mobile phones to read code and code
verification capacity. This will be a simplified and reduced scale model of the original
project. On the client side, it will include an application in mobile which reads QR code
and communicate with backend to verify the ticket. Backend part will include only ticket
checking module which will respond a positive or negative answer based on the code
match. The ticket numbers in the Database will be automatically updated. Prototype will
include user login or ticket generation and other special conditions code.

Figure 1.2: Prototype Model of Project

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5.3 IPOS Booking System and EQR-Code

As the section intro, design of the EQR scheme is presented with the aim of
reducing the waiting time to make registration. The proposed solution comprises a booking
management system, which enables user to book court through a web browser and serves
as centralized reservation access control system, an EQR encoder to generate unique code
for user. At the heart of the proposed system is the EQR scheme that unifies the process of
registration and court access control using EQR-Code. EQR-Code is designed to be secure
and convenient through innovative integration of cryptography technique and QR codes.
Figure 2 shows the processes of generating an EQR key for each guest using the proposed
system.

The presented in figure 1 below, this project focuses on developing a flow prototype
the basic function of booking system by using CRS. This flow show the basic processing
from inserting, retrieving, deleting information, getting EQR-Code, viewing and final
producing report.

Figure 1.3.1: Basic IPOS for Booking System

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 IPOS System Technology/Device System

Input Keyboard CRS

(Computerized Reservation
System)

Process CPU device CMS

(Content Management
System)

Output Computer ERQ Code

Storage ROM device Cloud Server

Table 1.3: IPOS for Booking System

 Input
We will use keyboard as the technology to use the CRS. CRS or Computerized Reservation
System is computerized system containing information about, inter alia, air carriers'
schedules, availability, fares and related services with or without facilities through which
reservations can be made or tickets may be issued to the extent that some or all of these
services are made available to subscribers.

The step in booking court through the proposed system is to use a web-enabled
computer or mobile device to access the court booking management system. The module
need is Registration. In this modules user can register own Information generated by using
QR code generation on database.

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 Student Registration: - The Candidate is registered using the basic details that are
required for the registration process. This process can also be called as the Student
Enrolment Process.

1. Student Profile
After registration, the student is enrolled. And the Student Profile is created. This
Profile can also work like ID-card.
2. Assigning the code
After student enrolment, automatically, a QR code is assigned to the candidate this
QR code is unique for every individual.
3. Registration Complete
After the code is assigned, the registration phase gets completed. And the Data is
stored in the database
4. Authentication
This module provides security to user and only authorized user is able to call the
module and access the information.
5. Verification
This module is used to verify student information from database.
6. Updating:
This module cannot be accessed by any student. Only the administrator has the
authorization to update the database.
In this content following inputs are:

1. Student Name
2. Address
3. Contact details
4. Department
5. Course
6. Year
7. Photo
8. Status

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  Process
A Content Management System (CMS) is a system to manage huge amount of web-content
that avoids the burden of coding each page by hand in HTML. (Seadle, M. 2006, 5).

Typically, CMS software is so powerful and it consists of two main parts: the
Content Management Application (CMA) and the Content Delivery Application (CDA).
The CMA permits its users who are with or without expertise of HTML, to create, edit, or
delete the web content from a website. And this is can also be done without the need of a
webmaster. The CDA component utilizes and compiles that content to update the website.
(SearchSOA website).

Select a desired date and room, provide personal credentials such as identification
card or matrix number and make necessary payment to confirm a booking. Based on the
user’s credentials given, EQR-Code encoder sport server will generate unique EQR-Code
for the user. First, user’s credentials are used by the one-time password (OTP) and access
code module to derive an exclusive OTP and access code, which will be used in the
registration process. The generated OTP is only valid for one registration session to prevent
replay attack. Then, it is encrypted through the encryption module that serves as a security
protection, using Advanced Encryption Standard located at the court through a simple tap-
to-check-in interaction.

For our booking system, there are a content that the user need and can find in our
website, which are:

I. HR content
II. Accounting content
III. Avenue content
IV. Contact
V. Network

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  Output
As for the system, we will develop EQR-code as our technology output. QR Codes, is a
type of barcode. They are still largely unknown. It is important to understand when they
can help our users and what they can do.

An EQR-Code is a matrix barcode readable by mobile phones and smart phones

with cameras. They are sometimes referred to as the two dimensional codes, two
dimensional barcodes, or mobile codes. On most phones it is necessary to download the
free application although some phones have one preinstalled. Typically, the QR code
appears as a small white square with black geometric shapes on it. A QR code has ability
to hold more information than a regular barcode. The information can be encoded in a QR
code symbols is a SMS message, an URL, a phone number, a V-card, or any text and it
allows the contents to be decoded at high speed. EQR-Codes can contain all types of data,
such as numeric and alphabetic characters. Up to 7,089 characters can be encoded in one
code.

Figure: Example of EQR-Code

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  Storage
To storage a huge document and memory permanently, we are using ROM as device and,
cloud computing as the system to storage the data.

Cloud computing has now come into the mobile world as “Mobile Cloud
Computing”, the cloud computing provides general applications online which can be
accessed through a web browser while all the software and data resides in the server and
the client can access those applications and data without the complete knowledge about the
infrastructure. The cloud computing has five essential characteristics:

 On demand self-service
 Broad network access
 Resource pooling
 Rapid elasticity
 Measured service

The Figure 1.3.2: The Cloud Structure Of The Cloud Computing

It can be explained in a simple way as it is a Client-Server architecture where the

clients request a service and not a server. In general the cloud computing users do not own
their data, all the data is placed in the cloud and the user can access the data through a
computer or a mobile device. In our model cloud computing is chosen because the CRS’s
server will be located in various locations and will have a huge amount of data related to

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the services. In normal computing technology we need to load the data in from the server
and check it for the required record in the user reservation.

With the help of cloud computing we can directly access the data present in the
management’s server and get the data. This reduces the accessing time of the data and
increases the speed of the process. In our model the management’s server and our central
server is located in the cloud and the user can access the central server from any location
in the country and get the authentication information. The central web server in the cloud
searches for the corresponding management’s server and sends the data to it. As all the
servers are in the cloud the searching process is simple.

In figure 2, will show on how the EQR-Code as developing in booking system as

IPOS. This Flow Shown from the EQR-Code technology, inserting, retrieving, scanning
the EQR-Code, Information display and final producing.

Figure 1.3.4: Develop EQR-Code IPOS for Booking System

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 QR Code is basically Quick Response Code. They are developed in Black & white
in square size but nowadays they can be multi-coloured also. They can be scanned from
any angle that is 360 degree. They possess the characteristics of multidimensionality. The
storage capacity of these codes is up to 7,089 numeric characters without any spaces or
2,953 alphanumeric characters with spaces and punctuation. It can store up to 4,296
alphanumeric characters with spaces and punctuation marks, which is more than the 20
digits that the traditional barcode can store.

It is not difficult to read a QR code even if they are partially damaged and they are
easy and fast to read with a camera-based device. All sensitive information stored, secured
and transmitted in an encrypted format and also is very easy. Fully computerized and it is
not possible to read QR codes by human eyes. They must be scanned from a QR code
scanner only.

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5.4 System requirements

 Suitability
Hotel reservation system should be suitable for administrators, people who manage the
system, workers and, obviously, guests, who use this. For administrators and workers it
shouldn’t be difficult to create, view, update and delete information. For guests it needs to
be obvious enough in usage, so that they don’t get scared away by hard and impossible to
understand controls and design.

 Reliability
System should be able to continue functioning even in the event of a partial failure, even if
it means that the overall performance is negatively affected. Faults should be automatically
detected and reported if they go outside the expected result. Technical support for this
reason must be available to react any moment, so that the system could function. System
should have more than one server, in case 1 of them crashes and a few have multiple copies
of data in case the system falls, so that the same information can be accessed from a
different place. Backward recovery and forward recovery should be available.

 Learnability
An average user should be able to learn how to use the system in a short time frame, so that
he won’t give on the system and go to another one. System should be attractive for the
users, so that they would spend more time on the website in search of information or any
other need they might have. Longer time spent on a website increases the chances of a
reservation. Being memorable is important for future prospects or when a user is picking
between systems.

 Maintainability
System has to be easily maintained and updated. For those goals the best option would be
a special administrative page, with preprogramed functions, which in the long run will
prove useful for the business a whole, since it will save a lot of time. The administrative
page is easy to understand, learn and use.

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  Performance
Each search should be done in less than 1 second and average page load shouldn’t be over
0.5 seconds. Waiting too long can frustrate the user, so he might leave for another system.
Software should have enough hardware resources to be able to withstand peak traffic hours
and survive in case of a partial system failure.

 Interoperability
A hotel reservation system is a complicated system that not only the hotel itself uses, so its
interoperability must be very high. In modern practice, every major hotel is connected to
the global reservation systems ran by world top companies. They exchange information
and so on. Another aspect is having all the smaller companies that are on the hotel territory
connected to it. For example, the hotel restaurant and shops would need information about
the amount of people, their age and duration of their stay.

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6.0 Project Cost

Software development gets more expensive when a project requires more time and
programmers. Working and developing software on-site also contributes to a more
expensive project.

1) Implementation Cost

The main factors that determine how much a system implementation will cost
include the cost for system architecture. Some system are more costly to customize and
implement due to the design, advanced features offered and out-of-box modules. Once
the system to be built is designed, hardware and software configuration needed to be
done. It also cost more to migrate the old data to the new system. However, this may be
an upfront cost that could be recovered in the long term. The cost of training also should
be included in the implementation cost. The experts who are going to build the system are
trained so they have a better understanding of the problems and goals to be able to
implement the best solution.

2) Additional Human Costs

When a project gets started, the team will extend beyond software developers. A
project team can comprises of system administrators, database and data analysts, project
manager and QA tester. The cost is associated with the time and effort expended by each
of these people, and the cost is frequently overlooked when calculating a project
expenses. To accurately estimate this category, start by listing everyone involved. Then
assess how much time each resource spends doing any of the activity include planning
the project prior to its development, reviewing and approving project progress during
development and managing the post-release evolution of the project.

3) Ongoing Costs

After launch, the nature of software development costs will change. For starters, this
software will run on actual servers and those machines must be configured to handle
increases in usage. It costs money to rent, share or purchase this hardware and those
expenses are known as infrastructure costs.

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 The second ongoing project cost involves monitoring and maintenance. Once a
product is offered up to its users, it cannot be left alone. Its underlying code may require
periodic updates to address new security concerns or technological advances. And from
time to time, features may stop working as expected.

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7.0 Conclusion

The traditional booking system required a lot of work as it is handled manually. In

addition, the traditional method is also time consuming. Using Skedda online booking
system which are open to the customers 24/7, customers can make their booking anywhere
and anytime through their mobile phone. Skedda online booking system also reduce the
problem of double-booking among the customers as all the customers’ data is stored in a
structured system. The company can also gained benefits through this implementation of
the Skedda online booking system as this new system addresses an easier way to access
information so they can enhance the organization performance, productivity and
competitiveness.

As this system offers an online payment method, customers can make their payment
anywhere without having to go to the place itself to make any payment which is a complete
easy and safe way for the customers. This system also help the customer to see the
availability of any space very clearly and quickly. This removes the need for the old manual
system using the old paper book and help the reception staff to easily see whether the
customer have availability or not.

However, while this new booking system did indeed bring a lot of benefits, it cost a
company a lot of money. Developing a new system required a lot of money and the more
the time needed, the more expensive it get. The cost involved in Skedda online booking
system includes implementation cost, additional human cost and ongoing cost. Despite the
expensive costs, Skedda online booking system bring worth not only to the customers but
also to the company itself as it makes things easier to both parties through the smooth
transition in the process of booking.

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Reference
1. www.businessdictionary.com/definition/booking.html
2. https://www.skedda.com/home/about
3. Are QR codes better than barcodes,’’ Mobile QR Codes.org, 2013,
http://www.mobileqr-codes.org/qr-codes-vs-barcodes.html
4. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/184744/13/13_chapter-2.pdf
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