Table of Contents

Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1
Global Waste – Solvable Problem as a Renewable Energy Resource……………..3
Global Trends in Renewable Energy & the Challenges………………………………………6
State-of-the-Art Technology & Process Solutions for Production of
Renewable Energy Products………………………………………………………..…………………………….9

TerraGreen Digital Currency Model & Blockchain Platform............................. ..14

Energy as Digital Currency……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

TerraGreen Coin Model………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

TerraGreen Platform – Innovative Blockchain Algorithm….…………………………………………
Types of Blockchain…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
How Blockchain technology works ?......................................................................................................
SHA-384 Algorithm & Its Use…………………………………………………………………………………………………

TerraGreen Business Model Case – ASEAN PowerGrid ……………………………………25

ASEAN Biomass Waste Generations
ASEAN Renewable Energy Demand - First Market for TerraGreen Growth
Energy Crop Plantations in ASEAN

TerraGreen Blockchain & Apps Tools ............................................................................ 34

TerraGreen Wallet……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Blockchain Platform……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Terragreen Utility Platform………………………………………………………………………………………
Terragreen Token Module……………………………………………………………………………………….
Smart contract for TerraGreen………………………………………………………………………………
Proposed Renewable Energy Projects in ASEAN ...................................................... 47
Revenue Sources ....................................................................................................................................................
Dividend Declaration...........................................................................................................................................

TerraGreen Coin Structure.................................................................................................. 50

Funding Goals...........................................................................................................................................................
Coin Economy ............................................................................................................................................................
 Value Appreciation ................................................................................................................................................
Projected Use of Contributions ....................................................................................................................
TerraGreen coin Attributes & Usage........................................................................................................

Roadmap...................................................................................................................................... ..55
Challenges ................................................................................................................................... 58
Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 59
Our Dedicated Team ............................................................................................................... 60
Meet Our Advisors ..................................................................................................................... 61
Associates ................................................................................................................................... 62
Supported .................................................................................................................................. 63
Disclaimer .................................................................................................................................... 64
Appendices ................................................................................................................................... 67
 Introduction

TerraGreen founders and team has been involved in the renewable energy
industry for more than 15 yearsof time. During this period, we have seen
desires for neat, healthy and safer life were growing exponentially. Tons of
people now realize the need to embrace energy generations via renewable
energy resources. However, the current market scenario does not allow the
growth of renewable energy industry to take place rapidly, mainly due to
bottle-necks in the financial sector.

TerraGreen Coin is a unique

blockchainpowered attempt at micro-
managing biomass wastes from
agricultural and forestry sectors and
efficiently converting them into renewable
energy products. These products, at the
end of the process, will be in their greater
heights of economic values. With
TerraGreen Coin, consumers can directly
participate in the biomass waste
management and production of
renewable energy products, which in
return support the green energy
revolution.

Figure 1: TerraGreen Coin

Representation

TerraGreen is essentially a DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization),

governed autonomously on the basis of pre-defined instructions in the form
of smart contract. There are various smart contracts in a DAO. The smart
contracts delve into the realm of, but are not limited to, Combined Heat &
Power Optimization (CHP), Synthetic Natural Gas, Hydrogen Production,
Synthetic Fuels, SOFC, Green Chemistry, Activated Carbon, and Pulp.

1
Given the rapid progress of fundamental research on efficient product
conversion, we look forward to adapt and improve the existing working
technology.

Managing resources is not a simple task and given the abysmal state of
waste resources management in most countries, TerraGreen will help model
an ideal system. For a foolproof system, effective decentralization and
robust micromanagement are the underpinning. This is where the
blockchain technology and several sub-programs offered by TerraGreen
Coin comes into the picture. Our goal is to create a truly sustainable, clean
community development around the world while directly allowing
consumers to directly participate in the renewable energy industry.

2
 Global Waste – Solvable Problem
as a Renewable Energy Resource

One consequence of population growth and upgraded living standards is

an intensified agricultural production. Which in return has caused an rise
in volume and types of biomass waste generation. This causes serious
problems, as rotting biomass waste e.g. emits methane, a far more
devastating greenhouse gas (GHG), to the climate. Additionally, open
burning by the farmers, to clear the agricultural land, generates CO2 and
other pollutants. Incorrect management of agricultural biomass waste
therefore contributes to climate change, water and soil pollution and also
local air pollution.

Following are the staggering statistics of waste, generated worldwide:

• Every year we produce a gigantic amount of waste of 2.12 billion tons.

• Total biomass waste generated is 100 billion metric tons per year
• Total Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated is 1.3 billion metric tons
per year
• Total waste tires generated is 10 million metric tons per year
• Hazardous waste generated is 400 million metric tons per year

However, if properly managed, the global waste can be of high value in terms
of renewable energy production. Figure 1, 2 and 3 below show the global
waste is an abundant renewable energy sources and conversion of waste to
renewable energy products such as electricity, heat, syngas, biofuels and
chemicals potentially reduces fossil fuel usage and GHG emissions.

3
 SYNGAS
2.4 billion
MMBtu/day

OR

Biofuels
235million Bbls/day

OR

Electricity
13,700GWCapacity

Figure 2: Estimated Biomass Waste (100 Billion Metric Tonne / Year)

SYNGAS
37million MMBtu/day

OR

Biofuels
3million Bbls/day

OR

Electricity
178GWCapacity

Figure 3: Estimated MSW (3.6 Million Metric Tonne / Year)

4
 SYNGAS
520,000 MMBtu/day

OR

Biofuels
24,000Bbls/day

OR

Electricity
1.4GWCapacity

Figure 4: Estimated Waste Tires (10 Million Metric Tonne /

Year)

5
 Global Trends in Renewable
Energy & the Challenges

In the recent times, the renewable energy has been noticeably accepted as
a commercial alternative to fossil-fuel based energy production. The
transition to clean, renewable energy - away from fossil fuels is well
advancing with a tremendous range of developments as shown below:

6
 Global energy demand from 2006 – 2017 (Source: Global Energy & CO2
Status Report 2017)

Some of the reasons for the remarkable development in renewable energy

projects and implementations worldwide, are due to several crucial factors
shown below:

a. Use of government renewable energy policy, such as (FiT) where available

b. Commercial-scale technology development

c. Tax incentives on technology imports and development

d. Alternatives funding avenues such as green bond financing.

Global commitment on climate change mitigation under the Paris

Agreement in 2015 also helped reduce the short-term impact of low oil prices
by acknowledging the long-term benefits of renewables. The Paris

7
Agreement has already obtained the instruments of ratification,
acceptance, approval or accession from more than 55 7 countries who are
cumulatively responsible for 55% of the global greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions. This is expected to act as a catalyst for the renewable energy
projects.

Further to the above development, the UN General Assembly in 2015 has

adopted the Sustainable Development Goals on Sustainable Energy for All
(SDG 7) initiatives by which around this time projects regarding renewable
energy and energy efficiency has been hastened by the G7 and G20 groups
of countries respectively.

Many countries now comprehend the advantages of using sustainable

energy as a source of meeting off-grid and dispersed request. Accordingly,
sustainable energy policies were realized, particularly for power, heating
and cooling, transportation, and city and local government activities to
take advantage of renewable energy benefits.

Figure 5: Global Energy Demand in 2006

8
Since the year 2014, the number of nations with sustainable energy targets
and policies has increased and made their targets more promising,
including those who set their renewable energy / electricity targets at 100%.
There are more than 170 countries that have sustainable power source
targets, and an expected amount of 150 countries have policies in favor of
sustainable power.

Fossil fuels who have dominated the energy generation for a decade long,
now see a decline and we can dependably foresee the future development
and potential of renewable energy. Additionally, renewable energy sources
such as biomass, wind and solar are also able to support decentralized,
mini grid and off-grid solutions. These can be utilized for powering remote
telecommunications, solar-powered irrigation kits and rural scale biomass
in many developing countries

Figure 6: Main Categories in Total Renewable in 2006

TerraGreen, therefore aims to expediate the growth by connecting the

renewable energy producers with the users. In this way, investment into
profitable renewable energy projects are directly brought to the consumers
in a transparent way through block chain technology.

9
 State-of-the-Art Technology &
Process Solutions for Production of
Renewable Energy Products

TerraGreen aims to create a global, decentralized biomass waste

management, majorly in the agricultural & plantation sector. The creation
of such a network will enable the deployment of an extensive renewable
energy infrastructure, which will provide the necessary impetus for proper
biomass waste management. The TerraGreen mission is, to change the way
waste is perceived by industries and proving it as the greatest untapped
resource available to mankind.

TerraGreen strives to implement a monetary incentive mechanism, where

people are rewarded for participating directly in converting biomass waste
into renewable energy products. TerraGreen aims to cut through the
current problems of lacking access to state-of-the-art technology and
capital for the biomass based renewable energy producers, and to provide
access of profitable projects directly to the consumers. This is done with the
utilization of the blockchain technology and renewable energy backed
coins.

Existing and new biomass waste management companies will be provided

with complete business plan including innovative technology and process
solution with the use of locally generated biomass waste.

TerraGreen’s state-of-the-art technology and process are based on

technically optimized and cost-effective solutions to convert biomass waste
into high value energy products. This is done by using latest biomass
gasification technology and individual optimized gas conditioning systems,
whereby the base for the production of several CO2-neutral synthetic fuels
are laid. Several key renewable energy products are described below:

10
a. CHP Optimization

CHP projects dealt with economic optimization of biomass

gasification power plant. The main goal is, to produce electricity and
heat in costeffective commercial operations.

b. Synthetic Fuels
Biomass gasification technology leads to production of producer gas
which in turn will be used in Fischer-Tropsch process to generate
biofuels.
c. Synthetic Natural Gas

The aim is to synthesize methane from biomass waste in biomass

gasification plant and feed into the local gas distribution system. In
this process, carbon monoxide and hydrogen of the producer gas are
catalytically converted to methane.

d. Pressure Biomass Gasification

The high-pressure gasification technology is used to treat biomass
waste with a high content of moisture. This leads to the production of
producer gas for the generation of power and synthetic fuels.

e. Hydrogen Production
The biomass steam gasification process, coupled with syngas
purification, is used to produce pure hydrogen from biomass. A
hydrogen production at concentration of 99.99%-v can be achieved.
This increases the well-to-tank efficiency and contributes to a
sustainable energy portfolio.

f. Mixed Alcohols
Synthetic alcohols from biomass gasification technology can either
be used directly as fuels, added to fuels as octane-boosters or as
basic substance for the chemical industry.

g. Pulp Production& Green Chemistry

In a non-toxic & thermal-mechanical process,cellulose,

hemicellulose and lignin are separated. These basic biomass
components are used in paper pulp industry for the production of white

11
paper. The components are also utilized to produce C6 sugars, C5
sugars, and C6 aromatics.

Producer Gas Generation in a Biomass Waste Gasification System

Figure 7: Biomass Gasification process

12
Figure 8: Conversion of biomass waste into renewable energy

Figure 9: Conversion of biomass waste into green chemistry

products

13
 TerraGreen Digital Currency
Model & Blockchain Platform
Energy as Digital Currency

Energy-related finance can be split according to two domains: its relation

to energy and its relation to money. Energy-related money could either be
designed by making the money in reference to a certain energy type or be
physically backed by energy. In the latter case, the currency would be
redeemable against its backing or non-redeemable.2
To make the economy work for the planet, and therefore for the long-term
interest of humanity, we need to change how money works. We require a
feedback loop inbetween nature and the economy. A relatively new take on
incentive mechanism for energy trade is the idea of using energy as the
currency. A number of energyrelated currencies have been proposed for
the reduction of CO2 emissions, such as the Ergo and Carbon Coin; for the
in-feed of renewable energy, namely Solar Coin; and for the energy related
product such as Genercoin. While these proposals address environmental
issues, the vast distribution of energy outputs from renewable energy
technologies is overlooked.

Focusing on these energy outputs, TerraGreen Digital Currency, also called

TerraGreen Coin will be developed to be distributed on global and own
trading platforms and international financial system, a Bitcoin-inspired
decentralized digital currency that is secured and backed by renewable
energy smart contract. On a global level, Terra Green Coin allows anyone
to invest in the energy sector by purchasing the currency and thereby
increasing its value on the market. In the long run, industries can even offer
discounts for green products and services purchased with TerraGreen Coin
and by that boosting the renewable energy economy.

The advantage of the proposed TerraGreencoins are:

1. Blockchain based decentralized financial system

2. High degree of privacy & trust

3. Value defined by green energy

14
4. Directly addresses the enormous biomass waste, generated by industries
& human beings

TerraGreen Coin Model

TerraGreen platform, a blockchain based renewable energy coin, will

serve to promote and assist in creations of renewable energy generating
facilities around the world. This is done through issuance of energy coin
and thus raising capital for renewable energy producers. These energy
coins therefore shall represent the amount of green energy the producer
committed to produce and deliver to end-users via grid or distributions
network. In this way, renewable energy producers can trade globally with
everyone, both users and investors, by selling the energy in
advance, and this in turn ensures liquidity and access to capital for setting
up renewable energy plants.
The premise of TerraGreenCoin is expanded from the DeKo Thesis, which
states that that “electrical energy in the unit form of delivered kilowatt hours
can be a more stable asset for backing a currency than gold or debt, hence
it offers a combination of stable value together with economic utility.3Hence,
value of TerraGreenCoin are backed by renewable energy generating
assets and standardized smart contracts.

A smart contract is a contract between two parties, one that generates

renewable energy products for the purpose of sale (the seller) and one that
purchases and receives these products (the buyer or off-taker). The smart
contract defines all of the commercial terms for the sale of renewable
energy products between the two parties, including when the project will
begin commercial operation, schedule for delivery of the products,
penalties for under delivery, payment terms, and termination. A smart
contract is the principal agreement that defines the revenue and credit
quality of a renewable energy plants and is thus a key instrument of project
financing.

TerraGreen Coin’s main objective is to combine the benefits of today’s

worldwide most extraordinary interests: world renewables biomass waste
generations, renewable energy and digital currencies. Renewable energy
and digital currencies are expanding through creative innovation, and as
such the inventors at TerraGreen shall spur the creation of TerraGreen
digital currency, which shall be connected directly to renewable energy
assets and biomass waste generations. In this way, TerraGreen platform is
connected to the biomass waste collection process, renewable energy

15
plants, energy grid and distribution market to the end users. With the
integration of TerraGreen, Bigdata and Internet of Things (IOT) Apps with
TerraGreen decentralized App, the whole process of exchange of energy as
a basic layer of the digital energy world becomes transparent and
henceforth TerraGreen Coin will lead the global digitization of renewable
energy from waste material. TerraGreen platform shall contain data of the
renewable energy produced, exported, the energy price sold to the local
grid and the biomass waste supply chain management in a transparent
manner. Once a renewable energy producer is connected to TerraGreen
platform, their future renewable energy generations are converted into
digital currency based on energy unit of Joule. The value of One TerraGreen
Coin is equivalent to 10 MJ that will be produced and injected into the grid
& market at a certain time in the future. In this way, any renewable energy
producer is able to raise part of capital required to finance the renewable
energy project through selling of a portion of Joule that will be produced in
the future, on the Terra Green network, in a form of energy currency. This
energy currency could be purchased by investor or buyer and it is backed
by green energy asset and standardized smart contracts. Each energy
currency coin is based on smart contract that has the following information:
a. type of renewable energy products
b. type of biomass waste material
c. commercial operation date of renewable energy plants
d. equivalent MJ and price
TerraGreen platform, in addition to helping solve the current global
problem of biomass waste by innovation of renewable energy technology
and financing of the renewable energy projects, has the opportunity to
become the leading digital energy platform based on the principle of waste-
to-energy, carbon-neutrality, and decentralization of the industry. With the
combination of blockchain technology, Apps related to decentralization,
IOT and BigData, smart contract, biomass supply chain, state-of-the-art
technology and machine learning, TerraGreen platform shall be ready to be
develop into a virtual green energy company, fully self-managed and
decentralized. This will provide the possibility for waste-to-renewable
energy projects to be developed at a higher success rate, thus giving
substantial positive impact to climate change and environmental pollutions
caused by wastes generated from the activities of the human being.

16
TerraGreen Platform – Innovative Blockchain Algorithm

TerraGreen platform is not based on relational databases, as scalability

and sustainability are a serious limitation with these databases.
Fundamentally, a blockchain technology is the backbone of TerraGreen
platform. The main advantage of blockchain technology is evident with
many success stories and evolution of the technology into something
greater, namely durability, robustness and enhanced security. Essentially,
TerraGreen Platform, with the support of blockchain technology, shall be an
incorruptible digital ledger of economic transactions that can be
programmed to record, not limited to financial transactions but virtually
everything of value. TerraGreen Coin model demands decentralization of
energy trading. Henceforth, the blockchain backbone of TerraGreen
platform shall be a decentralized technology. Anything that happens on it
will be a function of the network as a whole. That means TerraGreen Coin
shall be managed by its network, and not by one central authority, which in-
turn means the platform is operated on a user-to-user basis.

17
Types of Blockchain

The idea emerged that the Bitcoin blockchain could be in fact used for any
kind of value transaction or any kind of agreement such as P2P insurance, P2P
energy trading, P2P ride sharing, etc. The Terragreen project decided to create
their own blockchain, with very different properties than Bitcoin, decoupling
the layer from the core blockchain protocol, offering a radical new way to
create online markets and programmable transactions that are as following.

Figure 10: Public, Centralized and Private Blockchain System

Public Blockchain

Public blockchains are just that, public. Anyone who wants to read, write, or
wish to connect a public blockchain can do so. Public chains are
decentralized meaning no one body has control over the network, ensuring
the data can’t be changed once if it is validated on the blockchain. It Simply
indicates, anyone, anywhere, can use a public blockchain to input
transactions and data as long as they are connected to the network

18
With the public blockchain technology used in terragreen, all the nodes
connected in the network can see the transaction of each other and the
entire activities taken by the individuals among the network.

Private Blockchain

Blockchains that are private or permissioned work similarly to public

blockchains but with access controls that restrict those that can join the
network, meaning it operates like a centralized database systems of present
that limits access to certain users. Private Blockchains consists of one or
multiple entities that control the network, which leads to the reliance on
third-parties to transact. A well-known example would be Hyperledger.

Private blockchains can only be used by those who has been invited by the
network’s administrators. Users include companies that are seeking to
make investment in blockchain technology; for example, integration into
record keeping procedures without exposing sensitive data on the internet.

Private blockchain within terragreen, certainly has the potential to save

millions of dollars for various industries by reducing many different types
of behind the scene expenditures that can be automated in a trusted way
through blockchain technology

19
 Centralized Blockchain

Centralized blockchains offer much more customized and control over the
network to the organization deploying it as they can decide who gets to
participate in the network. This signifies that not as much resources have
to be invested in competing to secure the network which makes Centralized
Blockchains more environment-friendly compared to their Decentralized
counterparts.

In terragreen centralized blockchain a group of users connected to

centralized authority can only see the transactions and all the activities
take placed between the connected nodes within the specific network that
runs the transaction.

20
However, in a centralized network, only known and identified parties can
transact on the ledger. Therefore, their transactions can be audited.

How blockchain technology works?

According to the technology, a blockchain is a chain of blocks, ordered in

a network of non-trusted peers. Each block would references the previous
one and contains data, its own hash, and the hash of the previous block.

A unit of data stored inside a block may be represented by any value

depending on the type of blockchain system. All blocks can store an amount
of money, a share of the company, a digital certificate of its own ownership,
a vote during an election process, or any other values.

21
 Figure 11: Figure Representation of blocks as a chain

A block stores encrypted details about the parties whose interaction

resulted in the data stored inside the block. A cryptocurrency block will also
contain the sender’s and receiver’s encrypted identifiers. A block for an
ecommerce transaction will contain the identifiers of the retailer and
consumer as well, for example.

Each block also has a hash. This hash is a value generated from a string of
texts using a mathematical function. A hash can be compared to a
fingerprint, as because each hash is unique. Its major role is to identify a
block and the block’s contents too. Once a block is created, a hash is
calculated accordingly. Making changes inside the block causes the hash
to change. So, a hash too indicates changes to a block. Also, every block
contains a hash of the previous block. For instance, if there consists three
blocks in a blockchain, block 3 will contain the hash of block 2, and block 2
will contain the hash of block 1. If anyone make changes to the data in a
single block, the hash of that particular block changes, but it also makes
the whole chain as invalid. A hash is a tremendous tool for identifying
attempts to change data in blocks. Although, a hash algorithm alone is not
enough to ensure the security of a blockchain. To mitigate attempts to
corrupt the blockchain and to ensure security, blockchain technology also
uses a process called proof-of-work (POW).

22
SHA-384 Algorithm and its use

SHA-384 is a cryptographic hash function that takes an input of a random

size and produces an output of a fixed size. Hash functions are powerful
because they are ‘one-way’. What this mean is about possibility for anyone
to use a hash function to produce an output when given an input; however,
it is impossible to use the output of the hash function to reconstruct it’s
given input. This powerful feature of 21 the SHA-384 hash function makes it
ideal for application within the TerraGreen Coin platform.

The SHA-384 hash function is utilized within the TerraGreen network in

following ways:

Creation of TerraGreen Addresses

• Creation of TerraGreen coin addresses

SHA-384 is defined in the exact same manner as SHA-512 with the following
two exceptions:

1. the initial hash value H (0) is based on the fractional parts of the square
roots of the ninth through sixteenth primes:

H (0) 1 = cbbb9d5dc1059ed8
H (0) 2 = 629a292a367cd507
H (0) 3 = 9159015a3070dd17
H (0) 4 = 152fecd8f70e5939
H (0) 5 = 67332667ffc00b31
H (0) 6 = 8eb44a8768581511
H (0) 7 = db0c2e0d64f98fa7
H (0) 8 = 47b5481dbefa4fa4

2. The final 384-bit hash is obtained by truncating the SHA-512-based

hash output to its left-most 384 bits.

Hence the hash of “abc" is

23
 cb00753f45a35e8b b5a03d699ac65007 272c32ab0eded163
1a8b605a43ff5bed 8086072ba1e7cc23 58baeca134c825a7

and the hash of

“abcdefghbcdefghicdefghijdefghijkefghijklfghijklmghijklmnhijklmnoijklmn
opjklmnopqklmnopqrlmnopqrsmnopqrstnopqrstu"

(with no line break after the first n) is

09330c33f71147e8 3d192fc782cd1b47 53111b173b3b05d2 2fa08086e3b0f712

fcc7c71a557e2db9 66c3e9fa91746039

This innovative algorithm enables TerraGreen platform to be used for

creating value and authenticates digital information. Additionally, inside
the TerraGreen ecosystem, there are three sub-ecosystems actively working
by exchanging data, analyzing them, generating reports and making
predictive and/or prescriptive actionable suggestions to each other in real
time.

24
 TerraGreen Business Model
Case
TerraGreen renewable energy business case will begin in South East Asian
Nations (ASEAN). This is because of the unique regulatory framework in the
form of feed-in-tariff (FiT) provided by most of the ASEAN countries. By
guaranteeing access to the grid and setting a favorable price per unit of
renewable energy, the FiT mechanism would ensure that renewable energy
becomes a viable and sound long-term investment for companies and
industries. There is already a memorandum of understanding signed by the
ASEAN energy ministers in 2007 covering the formation of ASEAN power
grid. The ongoing and proposed power grid interconnection projects
shown in Figure 3. The aim of the project is to interconnect ASEAN countries
in order to promote power trading and exchange across the South East
Asia.

Figure 12: ASEAN existing and proposed power grid interconnection

projects

This is crucial condition for renewable energy project implementation &

operation and hence tokenization of energy on a large scale and this
requires power grid beyond borders. If there are no market conditions large
& interconnected power grid, energy trading will be limited to local grid.

25
There are three important factors of TerraGreen growth:
1. Energy production
2. Energy consumption
3. Market liquidity

TerraGreen network will grow with greater transparency and security to the
renewable energy market and delivering best value and experience to both
the energy producers and energy users directly. TerraGreen has secured
several renewable energy producers and the combined power generation
is more than 100MWe biomass power plants spanning across ASEAN
countries.

ASEAN Biomass Waste Generations

In ASEAN, energy from biomass represented about 12.41% of total renewable
energy consumption in 2011. However, energy production from biomass still
has a significant potential since a large portion of biomass is still
underutilized. Moreover, increasing potential of energy crops and
development of plant yield improvement technology will extend the
bioenergy potential even more. Therefore, biomass is considered as a
promising alternative energy source in future strategic energy planning
both national and regional context.

ASEAN is fast becoming an attractive market for developing biomass as an

energy source. There is enormous potential of biomass energy in ASEAN
countries given that it produces nearly 230 million tons of feedstock supply
per year from diverse forms of wastes such as agricultural residues, agro-
industrial wastes, woody biomass, animal wastages, municipal solid
waste,Chemical wastes etc. Southeast Asia is also a big producer of wood
and agricultural products which, when processed in industries, it produces
large amounts of biomass residues.

According to conservative estimates, the amount of biomass residues

generated from sugar, rice and palm oil mills is more than 230 million tons
per year which corresponds to cogeneration potential of 16-19 GW. Woody
biomass is one of the great energy resource due to presence of large
number of forests and wood processing industries in the region. The figure
10 presents the maximum capacity of agricultural and other waste residues
for renewable energy production, in terms of oil equivalent, in each
country.

26
 8,916
ktoe

6,088 856
ktoe ktoe 10,484
ktoe

15,906 1,287
ktoe ktoe

5,779
ktoe

26,256
ktoe

Figure 13: Renewable energy products from agricultural waste in ASEAN

27
 Figure 14: Major agricultural waste generation in ASEAN

Figure 15: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generations in ASEAN

As a case example it is estimated that Indonesia only produces 146.7 million

tons of biomass per year. This biomass is equivalent to about 470 GJ per
year of energy production. However, biomass availability is distributed all

28
over the country, but large concentrated scale can be found in the Island
of Kalimantan, Sumatera, Irian Jaya and Sulawesi. The power generation
estimated from the about 150 million tonne of biomass residues produced
per year to be about 50 GW or equivalent to roughly 470 GJ per year. The
main source of biomass energy in Indonesia is rice residues with a technical
energy potential of 150 GJ per year. Other potential biomass sources are as
follows:

a. Rubber wood residues (120 GJ per year),

b. Sugar mill residues (78 GJ per year),
c. Palm oil residues (67 GJ per year),
d. 20 GJ per year in total from plywood and veneer residues, logging
residues, sawn timber residues, coconut residues

Another source of biomass waste is municipal solid waste (MSW). Major

percentage of these wastes originated from household in the form organic
wastes from the kitchen. Currently, all the wastes are ether burned or
dumped into a designated dumping ground or landfill, without any recovery
for renewable energy.

ASEAN Renewable Energy Demand - First Market for TerraGreen

Growth

The 10 countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

represent one of the most dynamic parts of the global energy system and
their energy demand has grown by 60% over the past 15 years. ASEAN
countries are at various different stages of economic development and
have different energy resource endowments and consumption patterns.

According to International Energy Agency, by 2040, Southeast Asia’s

energy demand grows by almost two-thirds. This represents one-tenth of
the rise in global demands, as the region’s economy triples in size, the
total population grows by a fifth with the urban population alone growing
by over 150 million people. This scenario reflects the impact of existing
energy policies in Southeast Asia as well as an assessment of the results
likely to stem from the implementation of announcing policy intentions,
such as the country assurance made as part of the Paris Agreement.

ASEAN as a group has identified a target of 23% share of renewable in the

primary energy mix by 2025. For the achievement of this target, the region
will need to double or even triple the current share of clean energy. Meeting
increasing electricity demand requires a huge expansions in the region’s
power system, with coal and renew accounting for almost 70% of new
29
capacity. Installed power generation capacity 28 rises to more than 565
gigawatts (GW) in 2040 in our main scenario, from 240 GW today. The mix of
fuels and technologies varies country-by-country, but overall reflects an
emerging preference for a combination of high efficiency coal plants and
increased deployment of renewable.

As shown in Figure 12, by 2040, renewables account for the largest share of
installed capacity (nearly 40%), but coal takes the most prominent role in
the generation mix (40%) and 70% of the new coal-fired capacity uses high
efficiency super critical or ultra-super critical technologies. Output
obtained from natural gas-fired plants rises by 60% in absolute terms, but
the share of gas in the power mix falls back from the current 43% to 28% by
2040. The large penetration of renewable and wider deployment of more
efficient coal-fired plants results in the carbon intensity of power sector
declining by almost one-fifth, but it remains significantly higher than the
world average.

Figure 16: Renewables account for the largest share of installed capacity by
2040 in ASEAN

30
Figure 17: Biomass based renewable energy demand in ASEAN

31
TerraGreen shall initially target ASEAN market before entering into other
world markets. TerraGreen will play critical role in terms of facilitation of
investments into the renewable energy and trade of energy. This is done by
allowing a direct interaction between renewable energy producers and the
end user and/or investors globally. In this way, TerraGreen network acts as
a platform to help renewable energy producers to attract capital directly
from energy end users and/or investors.

Energy Crop Plantations in ASEAN

The word energy crop plantations apply to softwood plantations that are
growing fast in their juvenile phase. Through intensive cultivation, this
property is utilized for the production of biomass that can be used for
renewable energy production. In this proposed project, Acacia mangium
has been identified as the principal species based on past experienced and
recommendation by forestry agencies. Acacia trees are renowned for their
robustness and adaptability, which make them good plantation species as
shown in Figure 1. It is a fast growing, nitrogenfixing tree, and has shown
adaptability to a wide range of environment conditions. It is also suitable
for rehabilitating difficult site such as tin-tailing areas.

Initially, through Special Purpose Vehicle company, 2,500 acres of land will
be acquired and planted with Acacia mangium species. Management
practices of Acacia mangium plantation for energy crop are similar to
practices adopted by forestry department of south east countries. In brief,
the management practices can be divided into four stages as follows:

i. Nursery
ii. Site Preparation
iii. Silvicultural Treatments & Harvesting

The thinning process are carried in stages. The first thinning (removal of
300 stems/ha) and second thinning (removal of 200 stems/ha) when the
average stand height is 10 m and 17 m are carried out about 2 years old and
about 4 to 5 years old, respectively. A final thinning of up to 200 stems/ha is
carried out when the average stand height is 25 m (about 8 to 9 years old)
leaving about 200 stems/ha for final harvesting at 15 years. The harvesting
of the whole trees is carried with following cycle:

a. On the 2nd year – 300 trees (pole size)

th
b. On the 6 year – 300 trees (pole size)

32
 th
c. On the 10 year – 400 trees (above 30 diameter)

The harvested energy crops will be used as fuels for renewable energy
plants in South East Asia.

33
 TerraGreen Blockchain &
Apps Tools

Inside the TerraGreen ecosystem, there are three sub-ecosystems actively

working by exchanging data, analyzing them, generating reports and
making predictive and/or prescriptive actionable suggestions to each
other in real time. They will continue to analyze the consequences of the
suggested action and store it to take them into account for future analysis
of similar kind. This highly iterative process of suggestion-action-analysis
over the period of time is designed to continuously lead to better
autonomous operational suggestions, efficiency and its productivity. This
has been made possibility by the use of some of the tools and technologies
as described in this section.

TERRAGREEN-BD:TGN-BD stands for TerraGreen Big data. It is the customized

application of Big Data to support the waste management and renewable
energy industries in the following areas, but not limited to:

a. waste material determination and mapping

b. feedstock supply chain management

c. renewable energy products conception

d. planning and engineering of renewable energy projects

e. erection, commissioning, services of renewable energy projects

f. operational, reliability centered maintenance, productions of renewable

energy outputs

g. environmental and health safety management

Big data in general refer to collecting and storing large amounts of data in
order to extract useful information which enables smart and effective
decision making in real time and/or future. TGN-BD collects, stores vast
amount of data and suggests as well as initiates execution functions in
areas related but not limited to, process route optimization, supply chain

34
improvement, reliability and maintenance schedules, report assessment,
renewable energy growth projection, carbon foot-printing and carbon
offsetting, optimization of the energy production and distribution etc. The
key in renewable energy sector is not one of the specific data tool but using
a combination of several different data techniques. TerraGreen will actively
leverage different sources of renewable energy products. Even though
biomass waste could be used to generate different types of sustainable
green energy products, it comes with its own set problems. The problems
associated with sustainable energy have mostly involved with the type of
biomass feedstock and the distribution mechanism as well as the cost
involved. TerraGreen platform since holds tremendous amounts of
information but will be useful only when analyzed well. The integration of
blockchain SHA 384 along with TGN-BD helps improve decision-making
processes to target renewable growth. The following are four ways the Big
Data App support TerraGreen renewable energy plants:

Predicting Biomass Feedstock Availability & Supply Chain

Optimization

One of the main advantages of big data is the optimization of the renewable
energy production and its distribution. In the past many renewable energy
projects have experienced intermittent or frequent energy production
disruptions due to unpredictable resources and unexpected supply chain
challenges. As a result, it becomes difficult for renewable energy plants to
operate at their maximum potential. However, the use of big data rapidly
changing this scenario. Historically, the biomass waste generations from
agricultural and forestry sectors have always collected data. With the use
of TGN-BD predictive analytics, and machine learning, this data can now be
combined with weather and satellite data. In short, the feedstock supply
availability and supply chain mechanism can be predicted well in advance,
allowing renewable energy plants to increase their production significantly.
Instead of increasing the number of gasification modular system, the idea
is to increase the efficiency and reliability of existing plant infrastructure
and thus, power plant owners no longer has to spend more money on the
additional infrastructure costs.

35
Streamline Operation & Maintenance Processes and Production
Distribution

In setting-up many and different types of renewable energy plants in ASEAN

will result in higher consumptions of biomass waste and energy tree crop.
In addition, operating and maintaining these renewable energy plants
spread across ASEAN region is a tough balancing act. A large hydrogen
enrichment and production plant, for example, consists of several large
reactors, hundreds of in-built ceramic catalytic filter candles, WSG reactors,
hundreds (or even thousands) of complex chemical reactions, different
types of sensitive equipment’s, sensors, control & measurement equipment’s
and complex of web of wires for SCADA. Diversely, a large gasification power
plant would have completely different set of sensitive equipment s, process
controls and monitoring of power exports to the grid. As a result, operation
and maintenance of multi-plant management become increasingly difficult,
and it can affect the daily energy output of the plants. With the help of big
data analytics, however, TerraGreen can streamline these plants operations
and management (O&M) processes to a great extent.

Reducing Renewable Energy Production Costs

The big data and predictive analysis technology can be used to control
many multi-layer process from the supply chain to operation &
maintenance of facilities and distribution of renewable energy products,
TerraGreen can ensure the production of more energy without yielding
additional infrastructure costs. This will also ensure the plant efficiency
always maintained at optimum level. The ability to extract useful
information from big data is one of the reasons behind the gradual decline
in the renewable energy prices in the world. In the next coming decade or
so, renewable energy will be a cost competent with its conventional
counterparts.

Making Renewable Energy Project Profitable

With big data tools, TerraGreen can forecast renewable energy generation
based on past performance, weather, and other parameters accurately. It
can also help determine the precise quantity of biomass waste required to

36
produce the desired output. Thus, TerraGreen big data can use make the
renewable energy projects highly profitable.

TERRAGREEN-ADI: TGN-ADI is an abbreviation for TGN Adaptive

Intelligence. The main purpose of TGN-ADI is to assist in improving
efficiency of the renewable energy plants. This is incorporated with the
module TGN-BD described above. Initially, there are two components within
the TGN-ADI ecosystems:

a. Renewable Energy Forecasting

b. Renewable Energy Efficiency

Renewable Energy Forecasting

There are many challenges with renewable energy plants such biomass
waste availability, supply chain management, optimized process flow and
maximum production output etc. However, these variables highly fluctuate
depending on circumstances and external factors which are beyond
control. TGN-ADI rightfully address these challenges with a higher level of
accuracy and detail. This means, that greater precautions could be taken
to harness and preserve the renewable energy that was generated. TGN-
ADI algorithms driving data from various sources of data sets are trained
to identify patterns and make predictions based on those data points. This
will ensure more renewable energy plants could be planned for execution
in the region.

Renewable Energy Efficiency

TGN-ADI is an intelligence-based control system that shall be used to

increase process efficiency at every stage of renewable energy plant
operation. For instance, this App could increase the usage of biomass waste
and increase the reliability of pre-processing of biomass waste equipments.
Before biomass waste is converted into fuels and products, they undergo
various types of pre-processing to meet quality specifications required for
conversion process. Pre-processing may include techniques such as milling,
densification, or pelletizing, mechanical pressing to ensure the feedstock is
a uniform format and ready for conversion. There is a huge spectrum of

37
variability in biomass that arises from differences in species, genetics,
relative crop maturity, agronomic practices and harvest methods, soil type,
geographic location, and climatic patterns and events. This variability some
of which is avoidable and some of which is not, presents significant cost and
performance risks for renewable energy plants. Feedstock preprocessing is
a key first step in the biomass waste-to-energy supply chain, so reliably pre-
processing feedstocks will result in more efficient biomass conversion,
distribution, and end use down the line. Optimizing how biomass waste is
collected and pre-processed, and decreasing the cost in doing so, is a key
step in reducing the overall cost of biofuels and electricity generated, and
hence increases the company profit.

TERRAGREEN -IOT: TGN-IOT is an abbreviation for TGN Internet of things.

While it has many advantages to produce different renewable energy
products, but it can be challenging for these facilities to be managed.
Having these facilities fully integrated properly with various other external
processes namely feedstock supply chain and final product, export to grid
and distribution network, TerraGreen facilities need to be informed in real-
time whether they delivering sufficient energy levels and maintaining load
balance on the grid, experiences fluctuating biomass supply and energy
generation in response to environmental factors etc. By using TGN-IOT in
these facilities, many of the challenges in managing these facilities can be
solved with little effort and investment in terms of equipment or manpower.
This also gives TerraGreen the ability to identify and fix problems in near
real time. The main benefit of using TNG-IOT is that TerraGreen shall be
able to see exactly what is happening with all the assets and processes from
one central control panel. Utilized properly, TGN-IOT along with TGN-ADI
and TGN-BD, could help TerraGreen not only to optimize various processes
in producing cost-effective renewable energy products hence increases
profits, but also completely avoid catastrophic breakdown of these
facilities. One can simply indicate that TGN-BD is the fuel of TGN-IOT and
TGN-ADI is the brain of TGN-IOT. Togetherly, they constitute what is known
as TGN Ecosystem.

TERRAGREEN -DAP: TGN-DAP is an abbreviation for Distributed Application

Blockchain is a distributed ledger and continuously growing record of what
is termed as blocks consisting of peer to peer transaction. The technology
has been claimed by many to be the biggest invention in the digital world
from that of the world wide web. It has a vast number of applications
throughout many industries. One of the major applications being the
advent of cryptocurrencies. Blockchain has the most extensive application
in the TGN ecosystem, where we aim to place 100% of the data and

38
transaction records on the open and distributed ledger. TerraGreen aims
to inherit all the core fundamental characteristics of blockchain into its
ecosystem. Some of the core characteristics of blockchain that will be of
pivotal importance to TerraGreen are:

a. Decentralization
b. Security
c. Distributed Storage
d. Transparency
e. Fault Tolerance
f. Elimination of Middleman

The data processed and stored on an open ledger in TGN Ecosystem will be
divided into two parts. First one is the data such as transaction record
which are stored for record keeping purposes and retrieved as and when
required. The second type of data is the data such as the machine log,
prescriptive analytics report which are generally not used for managerial
purposes by employee. The data of the former type will be stored on the
open ledger in the presence of a user interface that allows storage and
makes retrieval of data easy. The latter kind will have no user interface due
to the absence of such a need. All the transactions happening in a factory
on TerraGreen model will be on blockchain SHA 384. This will ensure about
complete transparency, easy auditing and many more benefits.

TerraGreenCoin will use an extensive infrastructure comprising of a number

of Smart Contract, where organization wide actions will be initiated and
recorded in a transparent, public and private traceable and irreversible
manner. The core fundamental properties of blockchain makes it
impossible to alter the ‘codes’ and hence ‘rules’ of smart contract after they
have been so deployed. Thus, these actions of smart contract cannot be
altered influence or tampered with. Nodes present on the blockchain serve
as the medium of data storage over a distributed network system. It allows
ideal storage and retrieval of information in a secured and transparent
manner.

TerraGreen Decentralized Application: (DApp)is a platform independent

user interface to enable the community users interact with various platform
exclusive features and participate in various campaigns. The decentralized
application will 37 be built on ALGORITHM SHA384 blockchain. TGN-APP is
a combination of userfriendly front end along with implementing
transactions which work on a predefined set of rules, guidelines and a 100%

39
predictable model under a given set of circumstance and constraints. TGN-
APP is the one of the main requirements for a user to be able to actively take
part and be associated with the community. The primary objective of DApp
creation is to build a user interface to ease the process of disposing of
waste for industrial contributor. Another important fundamental objective
of deep is to aware the community users about the possibility of Biomass
around them and bring about a change in their routine activities and
influence the way that people perceive waste in a positive manner. The
similar can be done in various ways by introducing users to, facts, articles,
news, etc. about the impact waste is created on the environment.

The TGN App will have basic fundamental characteristics of DApp namely:

1. Open Source: The source code of TGNAPP will be available on

TerraGreen Coin GitHub repository.

2. Decentralized: TGNAPP will leverage the Blockchain technologies and

Smart Contracts built on top of Algorithm SHA384 based Blockchain.

3. Incentive: Community users will receive rewards for specified purpose.

4. Algorithm SHA384/Protocol: The TGNAPP follows a predefined set of

rules and protocol, all of which are open to be viewed and reviewed
by all.

Some of the features that user community will be able to exercise with the
help of TGNApp are:

Participate and Vote for various community and project related Integrated
TGN Wallet, to ease sending receiving and storing TGN Coin.

1. Platform Signup, to ease the process of new users joining the

community.
2. Real time Reward chart and coin price, to estimate the current and
possible future value of holder’s portfolio.
3. Availing decentralized advertisement feature, for content advertiser,
who can be anyone including companies and individuals.
4. TerraGreen Coin Blog, access to latest announcement and updates
from TerraGreen coin and its team.
5. Community Feed, to find out the latest happenings in the community,
know and influence the opinion of other community users, etc.

40
Community users can also raise a proposal for new collaborations and talk
initiations.

Apart from the above-mentioned set of features available on TGNApp,

TerraGreen coin will continue to work towards making it a robust consumer
end user interface for any and every possible positive activity towards
renewable energy expansion in the region or neighboring regions. New
features will be added in the future versions regarding whitepaper as we
progress along the development.

The list of provided features are not final and mandatory. Many different
features may be added along with the development of project and also,
some of the features may be removed for reasons like, but not limited to,
technological changes, conflict of interest, community demand etc.
Nevertheless, an implemented DAO will take community opinion and
majority authorization in account before any fundamental change is
implemented.

Mobile Wallet

Mobile wallets are usually much smaller & simpler than desktop wallets
because of the limited space available on a mobile. Wallet stores your
public and private keys and interface with various blockchain, so users can
monitor their balance, send money and conduct other operations. When a
person sends you TerraGreen coins or any other type of digital currency,
they are essentially signing off ownership of the coins to your wallet’s
address. To be able to spend those coins and unlock the funds, the private
key stored in your wallet must be matched to the public address whom the
currency is assigned to. If public and private keys matches, the balance in
your digital wallet will increase, and the senders will be decreased
accordingly. There is no actual exchange of real coins. The transaction is
signified merely by a transaction record on the blockchain & a change in
balance in your cryptocurrency wallet.

Web Wallet

Web wallets are managed by third parties in general - that is they hold the
private keys and the public keys of the user - means that the process of
accessing TerraGreen coin or any crypto currency is significantly lower -
you don’t have to download the full client or acquaint yourself with various

41
forms and methods inherent in wallet software. The trade-off though, is that
the third party who is responsible for maintaining the integrity of your wallet
and keeping secret the private keys - you need to trust them as they could
just run off with the money - Mobile Wallet Web Wallet 39 and there is no
Government based insurance scheme to guarantee deposits. The
advantages of web wallets - apart from the general simplicity - is has ability
to bundle transactions together before pushing them onto the blockchain
and therefore lowering transaction fees. They also perform internal
transfers for zero fees as an attraction to pull in customers and increase
their user base - a bitcoin ecosystem within the bitcoin ecosystem - again
TerraGreen is the perfect example of this, whilst offering wallet, exchange
and Point of Sale services - they have garnered a very large market share
pushing other payment services such as to adopt the same strategy and
vertically integrate into wallet services from Point of Sales and exchange
provision.

Blockchain Platform

A blockchain has a digitized, decentralized, public ledger of all

cryptocurrency transactions. Constantly growing as ‘completed’ blocks (the
most recent transactions) are recorded and added to it in chronological
order, it allows market participants for keeping track of digital currency
transactions without central recordkeeping. Each node (a computer
connected to the network) gets a copy of the blockchain, through which is
downloaded automatically. Originally developed as the accounting method
for the virtual currency, blockchains – which use what's known as distributed
ledger technology (DLT) – are appearing in a variety of commercial
applications today. Currently, the technology is primarily used for verifying
transactions, within digital currencies, though it is possible to digitize, code
and insert practically any document into the blockchain. Doing so this
creates an indelible record that cannot be changed; Furthermore, the
record’s authenticity can be verified by the entire community using the
blockchain instead of a single centralized authority. A block is a ‘current’
part of a blockchain, which records some or all of the recent transactions.
Once completed, a block goes into the blockchain as permanent database.
Each time a block gets completed, a new one is generated by itself. It
includes is a countless number of such blocks in the blockchain, connected
to each other (like links in a chain) in proper linear, chronological order.
Every block contains a hash of a previous block. The blockchain has

42
completed information about different user addresses and their balances
right from the genesis block to the most recently completed block. The
blockchain was designed so these transactions are immutable,which means
they cannot be deleted. The blocks are added through cryptography,
ensuring that they remain meddle-proof: The data can be distributed, but
cannot be not copied. However, the ever-growing size of the blockchain is
considered by some to be a problem, which creates issues of storage and
synchronization.

TerraGreen Utility Platform

1. Payments via TGN

Our platform provides users the flexibility to pay their bills directly
from their TerraGreen wallet. The platform boasts immediate
transaction between times and even allows you to use a combination
of crypto and fiat currency to pay your bills. There is 0.0001 TGN flat
transaction fee for their services; which is far less than fiat-based
payment systems and despite the payment limits, TerraGreen is
expanding quickly.

The TerraGreen platform is currently working on a large-scale update

that would allow for the usage of more cryptocurrencies in the future.
Presently, users can pay bills with BTC, LTC, ETH, BCH, XRP and TGN.
There’s also a mobile app available for download on the Android
operating system as well as on iOS platform.

Independent hotels uses Simple Booking as their booking engine will

able to accept TGN coin payments from their clients. The amount of
each transaction will be transferred in real-time into a digital wallet,
from where it can be automatically get converted into euros or else
stored as TGN.

43
TerraGreen Token Module

Firstly, we are going to create is a “Token Module” where “Tokens” comes

under the TerraGreen system which includes tons of trading goods.
These goods are all about the coins, all loyalty points, gold certificates,
shares, IOUs, in game items, and creamy brands etc. Since long, all the
tokens module implements some basic features in a standard manner,
this also concludes that our token will be instantly compatible with the
TerraGreen wallet and any different client or contract that uses the same
standards.
Terragreen token module comprises of IDE using Graphical user
interface (GUI), where drag & drop feature is major comfort to the users.
The drag & drop features the device gestures, through which
the user can select a virtual object by "grab it” and “drag it” to a
particular location or onto another virtual object inside IDE.

Drag-Drop is a latest feature in today’s technology which is only available

in our TerraGreen. This technique is not found in all the other software,
user would find it as quick & fast-to-grasp this technique.

The token module of Terra green has an enhanced GUI features which
are more convenient to the users to create its own token using terrageen
token module.

TerraGreen tokens modules are being built on the formation of the

blockchains. It’s tokens have different - different nodes through which it
is accessible. And these nodes can be created using different names.

All these tokens are properties of entities. And if we add new field in node
then these field will be available as token. Terragreen token module
would require token generation and its return value properties. Token
properties will comprise of the following:

• Name of the token

• Description of the token
• Data type must be provided, these data type will be used for text
being processed.

These terragreen token will be issued to the public through a crowd sale
which is known as a terragreen Coin. The creators of the token will issue the
token to others in exchange for Terragreen and sometimes bitcoin and
other digital currencies.

44
Generally, There’s no requirement that tokens should be well distributed,
although it is a decentralized application so the tokens should be owned by
as many people as possible.

In cryptocurrency today, an terragreen Coin might be a great start. The

perception to presale coins of a cryptocurrency or token of a Terragreen
blockchain project will evolve in a crazy successful instrument to raise funds
for the advancement of a new application.

Smart contract for Terragreen

Terragreen smart contracts are runner on the vast decentralized

network, we’ll create smart contracts for the Terragreen blockchain.
Terragreen is authentic, as because of it’s blockchain implementation to
have a Turing Complete virtual machine built on top of it. This means that
a terragreen smart contract can theoretically be used to accomplish any
computational task. In more transparent terms, nearly any program can
be run on the Terragreen.

• Terragreen’s smart contract system is to create a simple token

which can be transacted on the Terragreen blockchain.
• This contract will be a standardized with a token generation. It will
make a Terragreen a moderator of such a huge scope of ICO that
you can clearly conclude that Terragreen is a distributed platform
for crowdfunding and fundraising itself.
• Terragreen would provide an online compiler for solidity where the
smart code will be written & compiled.
• Terragreen accord smart cash money, smart payment,
smart wallet. The terragreen Wallet is a portal to decentralized
applications on the Terragreen blockchain. It grants you to hold
and secure terragreen’s other crypto-assets built on Terragreen,
as well as it allows to write, deploy & use smart contracts.

Smart contracts are the account holding objects on the Terragreen

blockchain. It will include code functions, and ability to interact with other
contracts, to make decisions, store data and send token to others.

Smart contract are defined by their main creators, but their execution, its
extension provides the services they offer. This is done by the Terragreen
network itself.

45
They will exist & be will be executable till the time where the whole network
exists, and will only disappear if they were programmed to self-destruct.

After creation of the smart contract the user can build his own crypto token
to send whomsoever he likes. Once he’s mastered, then he’ll raise the funds
through crowd funding process. If successful, will supply a thoroughly
transparent & autonomous organization that will only obey its own citizens
and will never swerve away from its constitution and cannot be censored or
shutdown.

Smart contracts define the penalties & rules surrounding an agreement just
like all traditional contracts. Unlike traditional contracts, however, smart
contracts also enforces the rules.

These smart contracts have the functionalities, on which user can relay on.
They are as follow:

a. Trust b. Savings c. Autonomy d. Safety e. Efficiency.

Well, in present, the word “ blockchain” is one of the phrases that gets a lot
of hype which helps to make a smart contracts using public keys & private
keys.

46
 Proposed Renewable
Energy Projects in ASEAN
Renewable Energy Projects

Renewable Energy Projects TerraGreen has secured several renewable

energy projects spanning across ASEAN countries. These projects are:

a. Combined 3.971 MWe Biomass Gasification Plant for Power Export &
100,000 metric tonne of Briquette Production, in Malaysia

b. 2.4MWe Biomass Gasification for Power Export, in Malaysia

c. 9.0MWe Biomass Gasification for Power Export, in Indonesia

d. 30,000 metric tonne Biomass Briquette, in Malaysia

e. 10MWth Hydrogen Enrichment & Production, in Malaysia

Equivalent
Operation Amount
Proposed Amount of Total Energy per
hours per generated Unit
Projects Energy per unit, year, Tera Joule (TJ)
year, hour per year
Joule (J)
(hr)

2.4MWe
Power 17,870 MW/h 3,600,000,000 64.33
Plant

3.71MWe 29,784 MW/h 3,600,000,000 107.22

Power
Plant &
100,000 7446
metric 80,000,000 kg 18,400,000 1472.00
tonne
Briquette

9MWe
Power 7446 67,014 MW/h 3,600,000,000 241.25
Plant

47
10MWth
Hydrogen
7446 1,006,400 kg 130,000,000 130.83
Enrch &
Produc

30,000
metric
7446 30,000,000 kg 18,400,000 552.00
tonne
Briquette
Total Energy Generated in a year 2,568
Total Energy Generated in life time
52,380 TJ
operation

Figure 18: Total energy in joule generated by renewable energy

facilities

Revenue Sources

TerraGreen Coin will have two major and constant sources of revenue
starting from first platform deployment. TerraGreen Coin will receive 1.5% of
the total reward distributed by the Biomass waste processing industry to
the generator or perhaps to any waste disposer. Additionally, TerraGreen
Coin will also receive 4% of the total amount paid by any Coin holder for
advertising contents. TerraGreen Coin will introduce other sources of
revenue as below:

1. Platform Adaption fees

2. Royalty for the use of patented technology
3. Tender acquiring charges for large scale manufactures of tools.
4. Lending TerraGreen network and its computing power.
In the process of determining the time and form of implementing these
sources of revenue, the user community will have a fair share of role to play,
and will have highly influential voting rights. Before any of the above or
apart from these, any other sources of revenue are introduced into the
platform, the same will have to go through the entire cycle of considering,
opinion of community users democratically as well as opinion of each
member of board for considering the expert opinion from the industry
experts. Also, the suggestive implementation report will be re-evaluated
based on preset criteria to determine the time to introduce the source of

48
revenue. The prime objective of such preset criteria’s is to verify and
ascertain that no significant changes in the working of platform is done
without taking all the steps to ensure it doesn’t hamper our growth and
expansion. TerraGreen Coin aims to become profitable by the end of Q3
2021. TerraGreen Coin believes that the widespread adoption of platform
will need better financial scope of profitability and that too as soon as
possible and the same will be taken care of, enabled and catalyzed by
TerraGreen Coin.

Dividend Declaration

Income generated from activities conducted under fund flow activities will
accrue dividends to all coin holders of TerraGreen, depending on the
quantity of purchase and tenure filed by coin owners. The higher the
quantity and tenure, the higher the dividend.
TerraGreen will have the following classification of incomes:
1. Harvesting Activities:
Every acacia plantation will have three harvesting seasons: i.e. on the
second year, 6th year and 10th year. The harvested trees are sold to
timber mills or biomass-based power plants for a commercial value
depending on the types of species and quantity harvested.
2. Profit from activities of renewable energy plant:
Income registered from profits derived from financially supporting
renewable energy plants will be accrued every three years. This
income is either for supporting the renewable energy plants for
equipment purchasing for supporting them to avail operational
expense support from TGN.
3. Income from full-scale biomass units:
TGN will, over the time conduct many research and development
activities for availing increased efficiency in the following activity:
a) Activated carbon from wood waste
b) Cellulose and Hemi-cellulose extraction from biomass.
c) Hydrogen Enrichment
Technology evolution is always factored with efficiency. Such
technologies will be value for commercial value at the 3rd year from
commencement of R&D, on each above technology.

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 TerraGreen Coin Structure

Coin distribution is an important part of a coin crowd sale. The distributed

value and frequency of coin production influence coin unit. 270,000,000 total
coins will be generated.

Figure 19: TerraGreen Coin Distribution

The following describe 100% dividend of TerraGreen coin value:

• Total Supply: 270 Million

• No. of Coin for sale: 108 Million TGN
• Total Hard cap: 11 Million USD
• Total Soft cap: 5 Million USD
• Coin Protocol: SHA-384 Algorithm
• Contribution Address: To be Announced at the time of Coin Sale

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Funding Goals
In order to build this platform and scale it to the planned level, as per our
estimate, we do not require more than 11 Million USD. Hence, the hard cap
for the sale will be 11 Million USD. Also, if we are not successful in raising 11
Million USD, we will still be efficiently able to launch this project by raising a
minimum of 5 Million USD. In case we do not reach our soft cap, board
meeting will be organized to discuss if the project cannot be launched with
the raised amount. If the raised amount is not enough to launch the project,
all the contributions will return to the investors within the period of 10 days
after the end of the Coin Sale.

Coin Economy
TerraGreen platform main purpose is to develop a renewable energy
ecosystem that uses the blockchain technology to deliver and exchange
green energy with no central authority or trusted third party controlling the
platform. Hence, this provides the possibility for individual and/or investors
to take possession and control of their future energy use. Additionally, the
TerraGreen platform allows monetize energy-related work. The tokenization
of renewable energy production makes TerraGreen token a viable option
as the digital currency as defined by DeKo thesis. TerraGreen token is
generated by renewable energy producers and thereby sell these tokens
within the TerraGreen platform.

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 Figure 20: Block diagrams of TerraGreen Project

TerraGreen platform’s terms & conditions imposed each renewable energy

producer to give 0.5% of energy coin offerred to the TerraGreen token
holders as part of dividend declaration. This dividend is declared at the end
of second year from successful commercial operation date (COD) of the
renewable energy plant. Each TerraGreen token holder receives this
dividend as a tokenized energy proportionally, depending the amount of
token the holder has. This tokenization of renewable energy

Value Appreciation

The value appreciation or depreciation of a cryptocurrency is just like any

other commodity which theoretically happens on the simple supply and
demand model. The moreover the demand and lesser the supply, greater
the prices and vice versa. More specifically, there should be a compelling
reason for the mass audience to see their personal utility and monetary
benefits for holding Coins once the platform is deployed. TerraGreen Coin
model presents numerous such reasons. 47 The variety of outputs that will
be produced after processing the waste material will be sold globally to
52
various customers. Customers here will mainly consist of large-scale
industries who require green and carbon neutral raw material to further
produce their own branded products. Renewable energy facilities will supply
either finished or processed raw material to end-users via distribution
network. TerraGreen Coin’s breakthrough operational efficiencies will
enable sale of outputs at a considerably cheaper price in Coins. Hence
there is a huge potential demand among the industries since they will be
able to procure their raw material at cheaper price through TerraGreen
Coins. This is one of the cases of huge Coin demand, hence potential value
appreciation. TerraGreen Coins, with rapid acceptance can also be used a
payment system, particularly for trading the outputs obtained after Energy
processing globally. There are number of other Coin utility compelling users
to seek and thus create the “demand” in the limited supply

Projected Use of Contributions

After the end of Coin sale, the raised fund will be allocated as mentioned
below.

Figure 21: Contribution of Projects among different assets

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The above-mentioned allocations have been finalized after proper
research and evaluation and can be assumed to be followed under all
circumstances. Any unlikely marginal deviations will be made public as
per our transparency policies

TerraGreen Coin Attributes & Usage

TerraGreen Coin has the following advantages:

1. TerraGreen Coin can be exchanged through a world biggest

online exchanges for other digital assets and/or fiat currencies
(EUR, USD…)

2. TerraGreen coin has the potential to be used for payments.

Therefore, TerraGreen platform aims at integrating with payment
network for goods and services.

3. TerraGreen has branding value for environmental & ecological

friendly. TerraGreen has started moving in this direction, having
meeting and discussion with by potential client who expressing
will ingress to use TerraGreen coin for payments and rewards.

4. TerraGreen coins can be used as loyalty program for customers

and hence benefiting the customers with the appreciation of the
digital currency.

5. TerraGreen coins could be integrated with equivalent of avoided

CO2- emission certificates. The current development with the
Paris Agreement to mitigate climate change at hand, TerraGreen
could be used to revived carbon trade system via crypto carbon
credits.

6. TerraGreen platform blockchain can be used for reporting

actual performance of renewable energy production by regions.

54
Roadmap

55
56
57
 Challenges

Widespread adoption of the platform will become a challenge in the initial

stage of the platform deployment. It would require a lot of collaborations
and negotiations with number of private and government entities.
TerraGreen Coin is aware of such hurdles that may come along in this
particular phase of the project and is already working on it. Our team
comprises of the dedicated members to facilitate the dialogue with various
established government and private entities in order to overcome this
challenge.

The entire upgradation of an established traditionally running industry will

require some significant additional capital investment. For an organization
to invest such a capital requiring a complete overhaul can be a daunting
task and a major hurdle. TerraGreen Coin will work out each and every
aspect of this upgradation in order to facilitate this process in the most
hassle-free way possible. A complete business plan containing breakeven
point will be provided to the collaborating organization. TerraGreen Coin
will collaborate with various organizations to fix a deal for this purpose
before the deployment of the platform.

Additionally, we’re aware of the challenges which may come along in using
the technology(s) mentioned in the paper as most of these have been
developed recently and have not been tested as much as they should have
been globally. The deployment also involves dependencey on program
which are open for updates from time to time. We are aware of this marginal
possibility of hiccups resulting from these and will strategically work to
avoid any advers effect on our platform, all because of these changes.

58
 Conclusion

TerraGreen Coin is an ambitious project with a disruptive vision, which, with

sufficient scaling, has the certain ability to change and improve the world
around us. This project aims to completely change the Biomass waste
management industry by leveraging Adaptive Intelligence, Big Data,
Internet of things, Blockchain Technology and Smart Contracts. Apart from
the humanitarian causes which compels everyone to come forward in
support, the project has been designed keeping the business model
extremely profitable & viable for any and all industries coming forward to
join the platform. This factor makes it easy to partner with new organization
who are looking to improve their business in order to develop a global
footprint in the shortest possible time. The technologies used have been
proven to be far more efficient and productive than the traditional
manufacturing practices currently in use in major part of this sector. The
technologies employed not only benefits the industry in the above-
mentioned ways, but also makes them more organized, transparent and
easily auditable amongst numerous other benefits

59
 Our Dedicated Team
The success of any building design depends on bringing the right team
members onto the project. For projects with integrated renewable energy,
any successful design team must bring specific renewable energy
experience to the table. Team experience should not be limited to
knowledge of the relevant renewable energy technologies, but should also
include how to integrate these systems into a building project, how to
properly assess renewable energy, how to incorporate renewable energy
into energy simulations, how to leverage policies, incentives and project
funding for renewable energy, and how to design successful measurement
and verification systems. In addition, the design should be accomplished
using an integrated design process.
The project goals identified during planning and programming must be
disseminated to the team members. The information on renewable energy
gained from the screening can inform the early discussions on the potential
mixes of technologies that could be integrated into the design. A design
charrette facilitates these discussions and allows the entire project team to
discuss the options for ensuring that the goals will be met. The charrette is
also an opportunity to define team member roles, facilitate coordination,
and clarify who has responsibility for particular renewable energy issues.

60
 Meet Our Advisors

Renewables projects are thus undertakings, spanning over different phases

of development, involving large partnerships, and raising very specific
issues. You can address all these challenges by calling for the advise of
dedicated renewable energy advisory services. We can help you to develop
and assess your technical and Strategic options as well as assist you all
along your transaction and deal process While minimizing your transaction
risks and maximize your returns on the investments. We can advise you both
on buyers and seller side of the equation, with a core team specifically
assembled based upon the specifices of each transaction. Our individually-
constructed deal support solutions include higly professional renewable
energy infrastructure, financial and tax due diligences, up to and
dincluding financial modelling. Thanks to our outstanding assurance
experience, we can help you improve your investment chain and assist you
in establising proper investment procedures and an appropriate
framework for controlling and monitoring your investment activity,
performance and risk. Leveraging our internal team, we have an in-depth
understanding of renewable-related industrial and financial challenges.

61
 Associates

Renewable energy producers intending to use TerraGreen platform and

connect more than 500 MWe biomass energy power plants to TerraGreen
platform.

Augustina

62
 Supported

Ministry of Energy of the United Nations

Republic of Indonesia

Perusahaan Listrik Negara

ASEAN Economic & Energy
Community

63
 Disclaimer

1. Please read the following section before taking any actions related
to terra coin. this whitepaper summarizes terra coin road map and
the principle of TerraGreen fundraising. henceforth, if any doubt
arises as to the actions related to acquiring TerraGreen, please
consult your financial experts, legal attorney, tax or other
professional advisors, and steer clear of terra website and also
becoming a TerraGreen coin holder.

2. This whitepaper and the information provided on TerraGreen website

do not represent a financial document that describes TerraGreen
financial security of any sort and is also does not represent an offer
of securities or solicitation for investment for potential investors in
any jurisdiction. TerraGreen coins issued are not intended to
constitute guarantees against collective investments by the potential
investors in any jurisdiction. Please take note that your decision to
purchase TerraGreen coin and the contribution towards TerraGreen
does not involve the exchange of cryptocurrencies for any form of
securities, investment and/or form of ordinary shares in TerraGreen
or any other companies. TerraGreen coin holder are not promised to
obtain any form of dividend or other revenue right that is guaranteed
or it participates in profit sharing method.

3. On the regulatory requirements, we clearly state hereby that no such

authority has examined or approved any information provided in the
whitepaper. As such, the publication, distribution, and/or distribution
of this whitepaper shall not infer the pertinent laws, regulatory
necessities or rules have been complied with. Henceforth, the
founders, team members and any third party thatinvolved in
TerraGreen development shall not be responsible & liable for any
direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, or any other losses of any
kind including but not limited to loss of revenue, income or profits,
arising out of or in relation to acceptance orreliance of this

64
 whitepaper or any part thereof and/or information obtained from
TerraGreen webpage.

4. The material, data and information provided in the whitepaper and

webpage, statements made in press releases or in any place available
to the public and oral statements that made by TerraGreen, its
founders, team members and any third party involved in TerraGreen
development and/or acting on behalf of TerraGreen, are only
forward-looking statements including but not limited to financial and
business strategies, plans and future prospectus of the renewable
energy industry which TerraGreen is in. Therefore, neither TerraGreen,
it founders, team members, and any third party involved in
TerraGreen development warrants, undertakes and/or guarantees
that the actual 59 performance or accomplishments of TerraGreen
shall be as stated in these forward-looking statements.

5. Some information provided in the whitepaper includes the current

global trends and forecast related to renewable energy industry. This
information has been obtained from reports and studies as well as
market research, publicly available information and industry
publications. This information is obtained from sources believed to be
reliable, but TerraGreen, its founders, team members and any third
party involved in TerraGreen development and/or acting on behalf of
TerraGreen cannot give assurance as to the accuracy or
completeness of such included information.

6. Therefore, it is essential and basic that the information provided in

this whitepaper and the TerraGreen webpages should be considered
as financial and business advice. Investor and TerraGreen coin
holders should be aware that there are many variables at play at any
given moment and hence an independent advice should be sought
where appropriate. TerraGreen, thereby does not make and hereby
disclaims any representation, warranty or undertaking in any form to
any entity or person including but not limited to any representation,
warranty and/or undertaking in the context of the veracity, validity,
and reliability of any of the information provided in this whitepaper.

65
7. The information contained on the TerraGreen webpage and
whitepaper are of descriptive nature only and therefore are not
binding unless explicitly stated in the terms and conditions of
TerraGreen. Henceforth, no part of this whitepaper is to be
reproduced, distributed or disseminated without including this
section “Important Notice”.

66
 Appendices

References

[1] KPMG, “Global Trends in Renewable Energy”, Available at:

https://home.kpmg.com/content/dam/kpmg/.../Global-Trends-in-Renewable-
Energy.pdf

[2] The 40 Foundation, “Energising Money – An introduction to energy

currencies and accounting”, Available at:
http://teslaconference.com/documents/NEF.pdf

[3] Gogerty, Nick and Zitoli, Joseph, “DeKo – An electricity-backed currency

proposal”. Available at: https://bravenewcoin.com/assets/Whitepapers/DeKo-
An-Electricity-Backed-Currency-Proposal.pdf

[4] Paul Breeze, “ASEAN region powers toward interconnection”, Available at:
https://www.powerengineeringint.com/articles/print/volume-16/issue-
8/power-reports/asean-region-powers-toward-interconnection.html

[5] International Energy Agency, “Southeast Asia Energy Outlook 2017”,

Available at: https://www.iea.org/southeastasia/

[6] Sinhsamouth Phouthavong, “Growth Performance and Economic Evaluation

of Acacia Mangium Willd. Planted at Different Spacings”.

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