Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TROUBLESHOOTING
A TECHNICIAN’S GUIDE
2ND EDITION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Troubleshooting ix
Chapter 6 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
6.1 General Troubleshooting Safety Practices . . . . . . . . 69
6.2 Human Error in Industrial Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.2.1 Slips or Aberrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.2.2 Lack of Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
6.2.3 Overmotivation and Undermotivation . . . . . 72
6.2.4 Impossible Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.2.5 Mindset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.2.6 Errors by Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6.3 Plant Hazards Faced During Troubleshooting . . . . . . 73
6.3.1 Personnel Hazards (Electrical). . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.3.2 General Practices When Working With
or Near Energized Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
6.3.3 Static Electricity Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.3.4 Mechanical Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.3.5 Stored Energy Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.3.6 Thermal Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.3.7 Chemical Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
6.4 Troubleshooting in Electrically Hazardous
(Classified) Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
6.4.1 Classification Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
6.4.2 Area Classification Standards. . . . . . . . . . . 85
6.4.3 Troubleshooting in Electrically
Hazardous Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6.5 Protection, Procedures, and Permit Systems . . . . . . 95
6.5.1 Operations Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.5.2 Maintenance Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
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Troubleshooting xi
Quiz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Troubleshooting xiii
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211