Step by Step Guide Book On Home Wiring

NO.
STEP BY STEP
GUIDE BOOK ON
BLACK WIRE ATTACHED

TO BRASS TERMINAL SCREW
GROUND
WIRES
LOADED WITH
SIMPLE, EASY TO
FOLLOW WIRING
DIAGRAMS
ALL ABOUT OUTLETS PAGE 25
HOW TO WIRE THREE-WAY

SWITCHES
PAGE 30
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
FROM/
POWER 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
SOURCE
www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
HOW THE HOME ELECTRICAL SYSTEM WORKS .................................2, 3, 28
HOW TO TURN OFF MAIN POWER SUPPLY ....................................................4
THE THREE WAYS TO GET POWER TO YOUR NEW WIRING JOB ................5
HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.............................6, 7
ALL ABOUT ELECTRIC WIRE ........................................................................8, 9
HOW TO USE WIRENUTS AND SCREW TERMINALS ....................................10
HOW TO INSTALL WIRING IN NEW WALLS AND PETITIONS.......................11
THE MOST COMMON MEASUREMENTS FOR OUTLETS AND SWITCHES .12
ALL ABOUT THE GROUND WIRE ....................................................................13
HOW TO WIRE ELECTRIC DRYERS AND RANGES .................................14,15
WATTS USED BY VARIOUS ELECTRICAL ITEMS..........................................16
HOW TO FMD THE CAUSE OF A SHORT CIRCUIT........................................ 17
HOW TO FIX FLOURESCENT LIGHTS.............................................................18
HOW TO WIRE BOXES, FIXTURES AND SWITCHES .....................................19
COLOR CODING OF WIRES, AND SCREW TERMINALS ...............................20
ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS ALSO ALL ABOUT SWITCHES ..............................21
HOW TO ADD NEW OUTLETS TO EXISTING ONES.................................22, 23
ALL ABOUT OUTLETS ............................................................................24 to 29
ALL ABOUT 3 WAY SWITCHES..............................................................30 to 37
ALL ABOUT SINGLE POLE SWITCHES .................................................38 to 43
ALL ABOUT 4 WAY SWITCHES .......................................................................44
HOW TO WIRE OUTLET AND LIGHT WITH PULL CHAIN ..............................45
HOW TO WIRE OUTLET - SWITCH AND LIGHT........................................46, 47
ELECTRICAL TERMS........................................................................................48
IMPORTANT Copyright © 1982

Revised 1989
ALL OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS BOOK SHOW TYPICAL WIRING METHODS, ACTUAL INSTALLA- Revised 1990
TIONS MUST BE ADAPTED TO INDIVIDUAL REQUIREMENTS, SO FOLLOW NATIONAL, STATE, AND Revised 1994
LOCAL ELECTRICAL CODES. Step By Step Guide
Book Co.
STEP BY STEP GUIDE BOOK CO. HAS MADE EVERY EFFORT TO ENSURE ACCURACY AND RELIABIL-
ITY OF THE INFORMATION INSTRUCTIONS, AND DIRECTIONS IN THIS BOOK; HOWEVER, IT IS IN NO
WAY TO BE CONSTRUED AS A GUARANTEE.
STEP BY STEP GUIDE BOOK CO. IS NOT LIABLE IN CASE OF MISINTERPRETATIONS OF THE DIREC-
TIONS, HUMAN ERROR OR TYPOGRAPHICAL MISTAKES.
Author: Ray McReynolds
IF YOU CANT FIND OUR BOOKS IN YOUR AREA,

CALL US ON OUR TOLL FREE PHONE NUMBER
FOR INFOMATION ON THEM. 1-800-678-1500 OR
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P.O. Box 70865
Salt Lake City, Utah 84170
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
c WHITE WIRE nfutral
BLACK WIRE tor
• 1 1 1 1 1 im n RED WIRE hot
BARE WIRE ground wire
How the Home Electrical System Works
WIRE NUT GUIDE
a
mat
NUT
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
INCLUDING GROUND WIRES
Color coding of wire
• The black wire is HOT
• The white wire is NEUTRAL
Etch this wiring rule in your memory and keep it there.
NEVER CONNECT THE BLACK (HOT) WIRE TO THE
WHITE (NEUTRAL) WIRE. (Exception: see page 20)
FROM Connect the black wire to the brass-colored terminal on
POWER
SOURCE
switches, receptacles, sockets, fuse boxes, and to the black
wires on pull chain fixtures. The white (neutral or ground
wire—also called the "continuous wire") is grounded at the
electric service switch. Connect it to the silver or light-colored
terminal of all receptacles, etc., and to the white wire on all
lighting fixtures. Again—never hook to the hot wire!
WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
TO WHITE OR SILVER
TERMINAL SCREW ( BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
CIRCUIT
BREAKER BOX
12-2 WIRE '
(WITH GROUND)
CEILING BOX
GROUND WIRE ATTACHED

TO GREEN HEX GROUNDING
TERMINAL SCREW
• ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING

BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO
THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR
MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
GROUND /fr
WIRES •=="^
WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
A
MM
USED ON THIS PAGE
INCLUDING GROUND WIRES How the Home Electrical System Works
NUT
THE PICTURE BELOW SHOWS HOW THE POWER SUPPLY COMES OUT OF THE
BREAKER BOX SUPPLYING POWER TO THE OUTLETS AND HOW TO CHANGE
CIRCUIT DIRECTION OF THE WIRE WITH THE USE OF A JUNCTION BOX.
BREAKER BOX
CEILING BOX
FROM
POWER
SOURCE
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
/'WHITE WIRE ATTACHED

TO WHITE OR SILVER
TERMINAL SCREW
BLACK WIRE ATTACHED


TERMINAL SCREW
JUNCTION PUT COVERS ON JUNCTION BOXES.

BOX
ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING

How to Turn off Main Power Supply
Before starting any work, you must disconnect
(or "kill") the circuit you'll be working on at its
source in the service panel. If your circuits are Chart Shows Color Coding of Wires and Terminal Screws
protected by fuses, removing the appropriate fuse Color of Wire Color of Terminal Hot — Neutral
disconnects the circuit from incoming service. In a Screw or Grounding Wire
service panel equipped with circuit breakers, you White Silver or White Neutral Wire
can disconnect a circuit by switching its breaker
Black Brass Hot Wire
to the OFF position.
Red Brass Hot Wire
Green Green Grounding Wire
To make sure you disconnect the correct circuit,
turn on a light that's connected to the circuit before Bare Wire Green Grounding Wire
you remove the fuse or turn off the circuit breaker.
The light will go out when you've removed the
correct fuse or turned off the correct breaker.
If you have any doubt about which fuse or
breaker protects which circuit, shut off all current
coming into your home at the main disconnect a e
While you're at your service panel, spend another on MAIN CIRCUIT BREAKER
moment to prevent a possible disaster. Tape a note
on the panel explaining what you're doing so no one 0 e
will come along and replace the fuse or reset the
circuit breaker while you're working on the wiring. 1
Then either carry the fuse with you in your pocket SWITCHING THE MAIN BREAKER TO THE
or tape the circuit breaker in its OFF position. OFF POSITION SHUTS OFF ALL POWER.
a
— fH 3 .
With the electricity turned off, you can work in n -8 —

0
CIRCUIT
complete safety. Still, it's a good idea to keep a few BREAKER BOX
9 <B
additional safety precautions in mind.
Remember that water and electricity don't mix.
Never work on wiring, fixtures, switches, or
appliances when you're wet or standing on a damp
spot. Lay down dry boards to stand on if the floor
or ground is wet.
Pull-out block
t
fuses
Lever
Lever disconnect. An Pull-out block. The

external handle main cartridge fuses
controls contact with are mounted on one or
two main fuses in the two nonmetallic pull-
cabinet. When you out blocks. By pulling
pull the handle to the firmly on the hand-
OFF position, you shut grips, you can remove
off the main power the blocks from the
supply. cabinet and disconnect
all power.
THE THREE WAYS TO GET POWER TO YOUR NEW WIRING JOB
Important To Your Safety PICTURE f1
ALWAYS SHUT OFF POWER TO THE CIRCUIT YOU WILL BE WORKING ON, OR THE
ENTIRE HOUSE IF YOU ARE NOT SURE WHICH FUSE OR BREAKER CONTROLS THE CIRCUIT
NOTE:
YOU MUST
FIRST YOU LOCATE THE CIRCUIT BREAKER BOX THAT
NOT EXCEED
CONTRLOLS THE POWER COMING INTO THE HOUSE, SEE
THE NUMBER
IF THERE IS ANY ROOM LEFT FOR THE CIRCUIT
OF POLES BREAKERS YOU NEED. IF THERE IS GET THE MAKE AND SEE IF THERE IS ROOM HERE
OR SPACES MODEL OFF OF IT AND GO TO YOUR LOCAL ELECT. PARTS FOR MORE BREAKERS
FOR WHICH STORE AND PURCHASE THE BREAKERS YOU NEED. (SEE PICTURE t1)
THE PANEL •
BOARD IS
2. SECOND, IF THERE IS NO ROOM LEFT IN CIRCUIT
APPROVED
BREAKER BOX, CHECK MAKE AND MODEL AS IN #1
REGARD-
ABOVE AND SEE IF THEY HAVE A NARROWER CIRCUIT
LESS OF BREAKER THAT WILL FIT YOUR PARTICULAR BREAKER
WHETHER BOX. MOST CIRCUIT BREAKERS ARE 1" THICK BUT THEY
THERE IS MAKE SOME BREAKERS 1/2" THICK. TAKE OUT ONE THAT
ROOM OR IS 1" THICK AND INSTALL 2 - 1/2" THICK ONES. (SEE IF THIS PANEL IS FULL, TRY AND
GET NARROW BREAKERS.
SPACE IN PICTURE #2)
THE PANEL ,
ON NUMBER 3. THIRD, IF WAYS #1 AND #2 DO NOT WORK FOR YOU, GO

3 CHECK TO YOUR LOCAL ELECT. PARTS STORE AND GET A
SUB-PANEL THAT WILL WORK WITH THE MULTI BREAKER
WITH YOUR
YOU HAVE - BRAND ETC. GET ONE THAT HAS AS MANY
LOCAL ELEC- NEW BREAKERS AS YOU NEED FOR YOUR JOB. (SEE PICTURE #3)
TRICAL
INSPECTOR
TO SEE IF IT
REGULAR MULTI BREAKER
IS PERMIT- Important WITH SUB-PANEL ADDED.
TED. IF USING #14-2 WIRE WITH GROUND, USE
A 15 AMP BREAKER TO PROTECT THE LINE.
THIS SHOWS A BREAKER BEING ATTACHED IF USING #12-2 WIRE WITH GROUND, USE
TO THE BREAKER BOX. A 20 AMP BREAKER TO PROTECT THE LINE.
All About Circuit Breakers
ON POSITION
TRIPPED POSITION
OFF POSITION
RESET ACTION
Single Circuit Breaker POSITIONS OF THE CIRCUIT

BREAKER HANDLE
Double Circuit Breaker
More and more circuit breakers are being used in place of
fuses. A circuit breaker looks something like a toggle switch, with
a handle that lets it be used just like a switch to turn power on and off.
Inside each breaker is a fairly simple mechanism which in
case of overload trips the breaker and disconnects the load. If a breaker trips
because of overload, in most brands you must force the handle beyond the OFF
position, then return it to ON, to reset it. On some brands however, the handle
merely goes to the OFF position; reset it by returning it to the ON position.
What is to be done when a breaker trips or a fuse blows?

Most people will say: reset the breaker, or install a new fuse. Correct, but first
find out why the fuse blew. Fuses are the safety valves of electrical installations.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE nmitral
T M I I I mill RED WIRE

RARE WIRE ground wire How The Ground Wire Works
in Plastic Wall Boxes
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
FROM
WHO* WIRE ATTACHED WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
POWER TO WHITE OR SILVER TO WHITE OR SILVER
TERMINAL SCREW
SOURCE TERMINAL SCREW
•LACK WIRE ATTACHED
PLASTIC
WALL BOX
GROUND WIRES

TERMINAL SCREW

TERMINAL SCREW
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

How to Wire Outlets
i BLACK WIRE MOT
____________ MOT WIRING TWO OUTLETS
BARE WIRE GROUND WIRE
FROM
POWER
SOURCE WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
TO WHITE OR SILVER WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
TERMINAL SCREW TO WHITE OR SILVER
12-2 WIRE TERMINAL SCREW
(WITH GROUND) WALL BOX
GROUND
WIRES
BLACK WIRE ATTACHED

BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
12-2 WIRE TO BRASS TERMINAL SCREW
(WITH GROUND)

TO GREEN HEX GROUNDING ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW METAL BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
TERMINAL SCREW EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC
IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
3 WHITE WIRE NEUTRAL
BLACK WIRE HOT
How The Ground Wire Works RED WIRE HOT
in Plastic Wall and Ceiling Boxes BARE WIRE QROUNDWIRE
PLASTIC
PLASTIC CEILING BOX
CEILING BOX
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) GROUND
WIRE
PLASTIC
WALL BOX
THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,

POWER 12-2 WIRE EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO
SOURCE (WITH GROUND)
THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE NEUTRAL
How To Wire Single Pole Switch
BLACK WIRE HOT With Switch Controlling Two Lights GROUND
RED WIRE HOT
WIRE
GROUND WIRES
CEILING BOX
WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
CEILING BOX
§
WIRE
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
NUT
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) / f
WALL BOX
ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL

CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL
BOXES IS THE SAME. EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE.
FROM THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN
POWER 12-2 WIRE PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON
(WITH GROUND) HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
SOURCE
r
All About Electric Wire
CHECK WITH LOCAL CODES ON WIRING

SIZES NEEDED FOR YOUR WIRING PROJECT
Chart Shows Copper Wire Size, Amps and Watts
Wire Size Amps Watts

(Also Fuse or (Based on 120 Volts)
(Actual Size) Circuit Breaker size) at 80% loaded
• NO. 1 4 wire 1800 watts

IJ amps
• NO. 12 wire £\J amps 2400 watts
• NO. 1 0 wire •30 amps 3600 watts
^P NO. 8 wire 40 amps 4800 watts
^P NO. 6 wire JU amps 6000 watts
The larger the wire gauge

number the smaller the
diameter of the wire.
Chart Shows Color Coding of Wires and Terminal Screws

Color of Wire Color of Terminal Hot — Neutral
Screw or Grounding Wire
White Silver or White Neutral Wire
Red Bras^s Hot Wire
Bare Wire Green Grounding Wire
B black hot wire

black- hotw're * red
hot wire
around >
wire V. ground
three-wire cable X wire
two-wire cable white neutral wire
with ground with ground white - neutral wire
In Example "A" above, the numbers and letters stamped In Example "B" above, it
on the electric wire has the following meaning.
is exactly like Example A
The "12" means it is No. 12 wire in size. except it has three wires
The "2" means it has two wires. instead of the two.
The "G" means with ground wire.
8 The "N-M" means non-metalic
All About Electric Wire
When doing any electrical wiring, you have to use the
right size fuses or multi-breakers to protect the electric
wire against any overloads or short circuits. Also, wire can
handle only so many watts before it becomes overloaded
and blows fuses or kicks breakers off. Check below.
#14-2 WIRE WITH GROUND #12-2 WIRE WITH GROUND

When working with No. 14 wire, When working with No. 12 wire,
use a 15 amp fuse or a use a 20 amp fuse or a 20 amp
15 amp breaker to protect it breaker to protect it against
against overloads or short circuits. overloads or short circuits.
15-amp 20-amp fuse
Color coding of wire

• The black wire is HOT
• The white wire is NEUTRAL
Etch this wiring rule in your memory and keep it there.
NEVER CONNECT THE BLACK (HOT) WIRE TO THE
WHITE (NEUTRAL) WIRE. (Exception: see page20)
Connect the black wire to the brass-colored terminal on
switches, receptacles, sockets, fuse boxes, and to the black
wires on pull chain fixtures. The white (neutral or ground
wire—also called the "continuous wire") is grounded at the
electric service switch. Connect it to the silver or light-colored
terminal of all receptacles, etc., and to the white wire on all
lighting fixtures. Again—never hook to the hot wire!
Important
ALWAYS SHUT OFF POWER TO THE CIRCUIT YOU WILL BE WORKING ON, OR THE ENTIRE
HOUSE IF YOU ARE NOT SURE WHICH FUSE OR BREAKER CONTROLS THE CIRCUIT.
DOUBLE CHECK WITH A TESTING DEVICE TO BE ABSOLUTELY SURE THE CIRCUIT IS DEAD.
How To Use Wirenuts and Screw Terminals
HOW TO PUT ON WIRENUT
WIRE NUTS JOIN WIRE ENDS
Step 1. Strip off about 1 Step 2. Snip % to J/2 inch Step 3. Screw the wirenut
inch of insulation from off the twisted wires so on clockwise.
ends of wires you're the ends are even.
going to join. Twist the
stripped ends clockwise
at least one and one-half
turns.
HOW TO JOIN WIRE TO SCREW TERMINALS
terminal aperture
Step 1. Strip % inch of insulation off the wire end.
release Then use a pair of needle nose plyers to form a
aperture
half loop in the bare wire.
BACKWIRED OUTLETS AND SWITCHES
can be loosened from the wires by
Step 2. Hook the wire clockwise
pressing a screwdriver point into around the screw terminal. As you
the release aperture. tighten the screw the loop will close.
Always strip wires so no more
than 1/16 inch of bare wire extends out
screw
beyond the screw head.
terminal strip gauge
Wrong way Right way

BACKWIRED OUTLETS AND SWITCHES
HOW TO JOIN SEVERAL WIRES TO SCREW TERMINALS
Pigtail splice
The electrical code requires that only one wire may be attached
to a screw terminal — the above picture shows the only approved
way to do this — it is called a pigtail splice.
How to Install Wiring in New Walls and Partitions
support
cable
every
cable 5 feet
extends (1.5m)
6 inches with staple for NM cable
(150mm)
from box. strap
or don't staple through
staple or smash cable
staple cable 8 inches

from box-
drill
%-inch.
metal plate protects holes for
cable cable
1'/2 inches
from edge
Strip outer sheath of insulation before inserting

wires into box.
Step 1. Install box. Secure cables to box so that 6 Step 2. Strip outer sheath of insulation to back of box;
inches of each cable extends from box. (150 mm) remove sheath and all separation materials. Strip off
Vz to 3/4 inch insulation from wire ends.
OUTLETS AND SWITCHES
ALL OUTLETS MUST BE OF THE GROUNDED TYPE.

Outlets Should Be No More than 12 Ft. Apart.
Outlets Should Be 12 " High from Floor.
Switches Should Be 48" High from Floor
Switches Should Always Be Put on Same Side of Door that the Door Knob Is on.
CHECK ON LOCAL CODES FOR MORE INFORMATION NEEDED
ON OUTLETS AND SWITCHES FOR YOUR WIRING PROJECT 11
The Most Common Measurements for Outlets and Switches
OUTLETS AND SWITCHES

ALL OUTLETS MUST BE OF THE GROUNDED TYPE.
Outlets Should Be No More than 12 Ft. Apart.
Outlets Should Be 12 " High from Floor.
Switches Should Be 48" High from Floor.
Switches Should Always Be Put on Same Side of Door that the Door Knob Is on.
All About The Ground Wire
USE THE GREEN OR BARE WIRE AS THE GROUND WIRE IN ELECTRICAL WIRING. USE THE GREEN-COLORED
TERMINAL SCREW AS THE GROUNDING SCREW IN ANY ELECTRICAL WORK.
IF YOU ARE USING ELECTRICAL WIRETHATHASNOGROUND WIRE IN IT, USE AGROUND WIRETHESAMESIZE.
FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU ARE USING NUMBER 12 WIRE USE A NUMBER 12 GROUND WIRE.
USE 10/32" STOVE BOLTS OR MACHINE SCREWS TO ATTACH THE GROUND WIRE TO THE BACK OF WALL
BOXES, SWITCH BOXES, CEILING BOXES, AND JUNCTION BOXES.
THE GROUND WIRE NOT ONLY PROTECTS YOU FROM GETTING SHOCKED, BUT PROTECTS THE ELECTRICAL
ITEMS IN YOUR HOUSE FROM GETTING DAMAGED FROM LIGHTNING.
Checking an Outlets Ground
TEST THE GROUNDING OF A NEWLY

INSTALLED OUTLET BY INSERTING
ONE PROBE OF THE VOLTAGE TESTER
INTO TH€ SEMICIRCULAR GROUND
SLOT AND THE OTHER INTO EACH OF
THE ELONGATED SLOTS SUCCES-
SIVELY. THE TESTER SHOULD LIGHT
WHEN THE PROBE IS PLUGGED INTO
THE HOT SLOT. (IN A MODERN OUTLET
THIS SLOT IS SLIGHTLY SHORTER
THAN THE OTHER SLOT.) IF NEITHER
SLOT LIGHTS THE TESTER, THE
OUTLET IS NOT GROUNDED AND THE
WIRING MUST BE CORRECTED.
Underwriter's k n o t . .
To (.rolect cord f r o m stroin, . then pull down lightly

lu^l loo() c o r r f s us shown . nto r e c e s s between prongs
How to Wire Electric Dryers
white-
Recessed Dryer Recepticle
neutral
wire
120/240-volt, 30-ampere, grounded. Designed

especially for clothes driers, this large recep-
tacle supplies 240 volts for the heating coils of
the drier and 120 volts for such standard acces-
sories as the timer and the pilot light.
white
ground wire ' neutral Surface Dryer Recepticle
USE WIRE SIZE 10-3 WITH GROUND FOR ELECTRIC DRYERS.
Dryer Cord
14
How to Wire Electric Range
Recessed Range Recepticle
120/240-volt, 50-ampere, grounded. An electric

range requires the high amperage and the com-
bination of voltages provided by this receptacle.
High-temperature settings of the oven and burn-
ers are connected to the 240-volt circuit.
The low temperature settings, timer, pilot lights
and built-in receptacles operate on 120 volts.
Surface Range Recepticle
USE WIRE SIZE 6-3 WITH GROUND FOR ELECTRIC RANGES.
Range Cord
r
Watts Used by Different Electrical Items
Approximate Ratings Approximate Ratings
Air conditioner (central) . . . . . . . . . . . . 5000 Power tools

(room, 1/3 ton) . . . . . . . . . . . 800 Drill, 1/4 i n c h . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
(room, 3/4 ton) . . . . . . . . . . 1300 3/8 inch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
(room, 1 ton) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1600 1/2 inch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Blender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250-1000 Grinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Bottle warmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 L a t h e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Broiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1500 Lawn Mower . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Can opener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Sander, portable .......... 750
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Saw, bander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Coffee m a k e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500-1000 bench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300-600
Corn popper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 jig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Dishwasher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000-1500 radial arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1500
Dryer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4000-8000 s a b r e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Electric blanket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 Soldering iron . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Fan (attic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 Projector (slide or movie) . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
(exhaust for range) . . . . . . . . . . 250 Radio, console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
(portable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 p o r t a b l e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Floor p o l i s h e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 Range, oven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4000-8000
Food warmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4000-8000
Freezer, frostless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350-500 Refrigerator, frostless . . . . . . . . . . . . 300-450
s t a n d a r d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250-400 s t a n d a r d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250-350
Fryer, deep fat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1400 R o a s t e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1350
Frying pan, automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1100 R o t i s s e r i e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1400
Furnace, coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 Sewing machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
g a s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Shaver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750 Stereo, h i - f i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Garbage disposer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400-900 Sump pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Grill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000 Television, black and white . . . . . . . . . . 250
Hair D r y e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 c o l o r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Heater (hot water) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2000-5000 T o a s t e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000
(room) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1250 Vacuum cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300-800
Hot plate (per b u r n e r ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750 Waffle iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900
Iron (hand) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1050 Washing machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600
(mangle) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1600
Knife sharpner
Knife s h a r p n e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Lamp (heat) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
(sun) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Lights (flourescent circlines)........ 22-32
(flourescent tubes) . . . . . . 15-60
(incandescent, per bulb)10 & up
Table Lamp
(night l i g h t ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Automatic Toaster
100 watts
Microwave oven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 1100 watts
Mixer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
How to Find the Cause of a Short Circuit
Most short circuits occur in flexible
cords, plugs, or appliances. Look for
black smudge marks on faceplates or If you find no visible signs of trouble, though, you'll
frayed or charred cords connected to have to trace your way through circuit. To do this,
dead circuit. Simply replace damaged turn off all wall switches and unplug every
cord or plug before installing new appliance on dead circuit. Then install new fuse or
fuse or resetting breaker. reset tripped breaker.
\ I
If fuse blows right away, pull out fuse or make sure If new fuse doesn't blow or breaker
circuit breaker is OFF. Remove each faceplate and doesn't trip right away, turn on each wall
inspect device and wiring. Look for charred wire switch, one by one, until fuse blows or
insulation, wire shorted against back of metal box, circuit breaker trips.
or device literally falling apart. Replace defective
switch or receptacle or faulty wiring. Then
install new fuse or reset breaker.
When turning on wall switch causes fuse to blow If turning on wall switches doesn't blow
or breaker to trip, short is in fixture outlet fuse or trip breaker, trouble is in
controlled by switch or in ON position of switch. appliance. Plug in and turn on appliances
With circuit dead, inspect outlet and switch for one by one. When fuse blows or breaker
charred wire insulation and faulty connections. trips again, you'll know you've found
Replace faulty fixture or switch. Then install offending appliance. Then install new fuse
new fuse or reset breaker. or reset breaker.
If circuit went dead as soon as you turned If circuit went dead as soon as you
appliance on, appliance or its switch is plugged appliance in, plug or cord is
probably defective and should be replaced probably at fault and should be replaced.
or repaired.
Note: If none of the above solves the problem and your fuse or breaker
still blows or trips, your wiring is at fault. Call an electrician.
Important
ALWAYS SHUT OFF POWER TO THE CIRCUIT YOU WILL BE WORKING ON, OR THE ENTIRE
HOUSE IF YOU ARE NOT SURE WHICH FUSE OR BREAKER CONTROLS THE CIRCUIT.
DOUBLE CHECK WITH A TESTING DEVICE TO BE ABSOLUTELY SURE THE CIRCUIT IS DEAD.
Color of Wire Color of Screw Hot - Neutral

or Grounding Wire
Red Brass Hot Wire
Electrical Grounding Wire
Bare Wire Box Ground
How to Fix Fluorescent Light Fixtures
SYMPTOM CAUSE CURE

Lamp won't light Tube burned out (blackened ends) . . . . Replace tube
Improper installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Take out and install again
Fuse blown or circuit breaker . . . . . . . . . Replace or reset
tripped
Starter burned out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace starter
Dirty tube (rapid-start only) . . . . . . . . . . Remove tube, wash, rinse, dry,
and replace
Tubeholder broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace tubeholder
Fixture too cold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raise temperature to at least 50°F
Oxide film buildup on tube pins . . . . . . Rotate tube in tubeholders once
_______ ___ or twice
Lamp flickers Poor contact with tubeholders . . . . . . . . Realign tubeholders; straighten

(Note: New tubes may and sand tubeholders if necessary
flicker a short time Improper installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Take out and install again
after installation.) Tube nearly worn out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace tube
(blackened ends)
Oxide buildup on tube pins . . . . . . . . . . Rotate tube in tubeholders once
or twice
Fixture, too cold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raise temperature to at least 50°F
Ends of tube are Tube almost worn out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace tube

discolored
(Note: Darkened
bands about 2 inches
from ends are normal.)
If preheat type Defective starter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace starter
with new tubes
Discolored on Temperamental tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Remove tube; turn end for end
one end only
Ends of tube glow, but Defective starter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace starter

center doesn't Defective ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace ballast
Lamp fixture hums Ballast incorrectly installed . . . . . . . . . . Check wiring on ballast diagram
and correct
Wrong type of ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Check wattage and type; replace
ballast
Defective ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replace ballast
120 V POWER SOURCE BALLAST
LAMP SOCKET
STARTER
WIRE NUT
COVER PLATE
o
How To Wire into Boxes, Fixtures and Switches
TWO-WIRE CABLE from
WITH GROUND-* POWER SOURCE
TWO-WIRE CABLE
from
WITH GROUND POWER
SOURCE
to switch
to existing
Circuit
WHITE WIRE WITH

BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPE ON END TO
SHOW IT IS BEING
USED AS A BLACK
(HOT) WIRE.
to new wiring
to new
wiring
HOW TO WIRE INTO A JUNCTION BOX

HOW TO WIRE INTO A FIXTURE
Most switches in a home are of the single-pole

or three-way types. Single-pole switches have two
terminals of the same color and a definite right side TWO-WIRE CABLE from
up. All switches are wired into hot wires only; with WITH GROUND POWER SOURCE
a single-pole switch, it makes no difference which
hot wire goes to which terminal.
wirenut
grounding
wire
www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com J
Color Coding of Wires, Screw Terminals, Etc.
Chart Shows Color Coding of Wires and Terminal Screws
For Switches, Outlets, Light Fixtures
Color of Wire Color of Terminal Hot - Neutral
Screw or Grounding Wire
Red Brass Hot Wire
Bare Wire Electrical Grounding Wire
Box Ground
COLOR CODING OF WIRE — WITH ONE EXCEPTION
Up to this point we have assumed that a white wire is always a neutral wire. Wires that are black and
red are always hot. But one situation offers an exception to this color coding.
The one exception to the rule is if the power source first goes thru the light fixture and then to the
switch, you have to use a white wire as a hot black wire.
When using a white wire this special way, paint the wire insulation black (or tape it with black tape) at
both ends where it joins a hot terminal or another hot wire. This identifies it as a hot wire. A example of
this is shown in the picture below.
The Picture below is called a Switch Loop.
CEILING BOX
GROUND WIRES
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL
12-2 WIRE
TAPE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING
(WITH GROUND) USED AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)

GROUND TAPE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING
WIRE USED AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
Electrical Symbols and a Wiring Layout
CEILING OUTLET F) CEILING FAN PUSH BUHON

*~*S
*~*\
WALL OUTLET FJ WALL FAN DOORBELL
«-^
*—<v
L> CEILING LIGHTING OUTLET O
**~s CEILING JUNCTION BOX -f~7 DOOR BUZZER
*N
DUPLEX CONVENIENCE OUTLET J ) WALL JUNCTION BOX -PH RADIO OUTLET
**^
.
SWITCH - CONVENIENCE OUTLET Sh CEILING PULL SWITCH -TV TELEVISION
WEATHERPROOF OUTLET CLOCK OUTLET SINGLE POLE" SWITCH

WP
ELECTRIC RANGE THERMOSTAT DOUBLE-POLE SWITCH
ELECTRIC DRYER GENERATOR THREE-WAY SWITCH
230-VOLT POLARIZED OUTLET ELECTRIC MOTOR FOUR-WAY SWITCH
SPECIAL PURPOSE OUTLET NIGHT LIGHT WEATHERPROOF SWITCH
All About Switches
A Single Pole Switch A Three Way Switch A Four Way Switch

A single-pole switch controls Three-way switches, used in pairs to A four-way switch works with
a light or receptacle from one control a light or receptacle from two three- way switches to control
location. It has two brass-colored locations, have three terminals; one
a light or receptacle from three
terminals and "on" and "off" black or copper-colored and two brass
or more locations. It has four
markings on the handle. or silver-colored. There are no "on"
and "off" markings. brass-colored terminals and
no "on" and "off" markings.
• Switches Should Be 48" High from Floor.

• Switches Should Always Be Put on Same Side of Door that the Door Knob Is on. 21
How to Add New Outlets to Existing Ones
THE PICTURE ABOVE SHOWS HOW TO ADD A NEW OUTLET TO AN EXISTING ONE BY RUNNING THE WIRE BEHIND THE
BASEBOARD. USE 12-2 WIRE WITH GROUND, USE GROUNDED OUTLETS, BE SURE YOU DONT OVERLOAD THE CIRCUIT,
COVER WIRE WITH A METAL PLATE OR USE METAL CABLE TO PROTECT WIRE. CHECK WITH LOCAL CODE TO SEE IF THIS
WIRING ARRANGEMENT IS PERMITTED IN YOUR AREA.
Step 1. Remove molding around door frame and as

much baseboard as necessary on either side of door.
Step 2. Run cable between jamb and frame, notching
spacers wherever necessary.
THE PICTURE ABOVE SHOWS HOWTOADDANEWOUTLETTO AN EXISTINGONEBYRUNNINGTHE WIRE BEHINDTHEDOOR

CASING. USE 12-2 WIRE WITH GROUND, USE GROUNDED OUTLETS, BE SURE YOU DONTOVERLOAD THE CIRCUIT, COVER
WIRE WITH A METAL PLATE OR USE METAL CABLE TO PROTECT WIRE. CHECK WITH LOCAL CODE TO SEE IF THIS WIRING
ARRANGEMENT IS PERMITTED IN YOUR AREA.
How To Wire Doorbells and Buzzers
chime
120 volte
22
How to Add New Outlets to Existing Ones
1 1 This picture shows an existing

1 1 outlet that is being used
| as the power source for the new
| outlet that is being
11 installed in the wall
11 on other side of room
fish wire (or fish lope) 1 1 with the wire going
11 thru ceiling joist.
i!
Existing Outlet
j New Outlet
USE 12-2 WIRE WITH GROUND, USE GROUNDED OUTLETS, BE SURE YOU DON'T OVERLOAD THE CIRCUIT. CHECK WITH
LOCAL CODE TO SEE IF THIS WIRING ARRANGEMENT IS PERMITTED IN YOUR AREA.
How To Wire Doorbells and Buzzers
BACK BELL-BUZZER BACK BUZZER BELL
SOURCE
TRANSFORMER FRONT TRANSFORMER FRONT
Wiring for a front doorbell and a back-door buzzer. Wiring for a combination bell-buzzer unit.
All About Outlets
These wires going to top part of
A 6/32 threaded screw holds the outlet make both the top and bottom
outlets to the wall box. parts of the outlet live. Wire
may go in from top or
bottom of outlet to do this.
Wires coming out of outlet are

now live and can be used
to go to next outlets to
make them live.
grounding wire on
green terminal
Outlets, also called receptacles, have three different colors of screw terminals.
The brass-colored screws are hot terminals and here use the
black wire. The white or silver-colored screws are neutral terminals,
and here use the white wire. The green screw is the grounding
terminal, and here use the bare wire for the grounding wire.
Wiring Layout
How to Wire Outlets How to Wire Outlets
WIRING TWO OUTLETS
WIRING ONE OUTLET 00o o
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE MB/THAI
oo WIRING COLOR GUIDE
BLACK WIRE MOT

BLACK WIRE HOT mi i mm RED WIRE
RED WIRE BARE WIRE onouND
WHITE WIRt ATTACHED
BARE WIRE OKOUNOWIRE TO WHITE OR SILVER '•LACK WIRE ATTACHED
TERMINAL SCREW
FROM TO BRASS TERMINAL SCREW
POWER
SOURCEv
WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
12-2 WIRE TO WHITE OR SILVER
(WITH GROUND) TERMINAL SCREW
•LACK WIRE ATTACHED
* WALL BOX
OROUND WIRE ATTACHED

OUTLET TO OREEN HEX OMOUNDMM
RED 12-2 WIRE
TERMINAL SCREW WIRE (WITH GROUND)
NUT
GROUND Wlftf ATTACHED

TO OREEN HEX OROUNDINO
TERMINAL SCREW PICTURE ABOVE SHOWS HOW TO PUT TWO
OUTLETS IN A DOUBLE BOX
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

3 WHITE WIRE NEUTRAL
How to Wire Outlets
BLACK WIRE HOT WIRING TWO OUTLETS
RED WIRE
BARE WIRE GROUNDW,RE
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
TO WHITE OR SILVER WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
FROM TERMINAL SCREW TO WHITE OR SILVER
POWER TERMINAL SCREW
SOURCE
WALL BOX
GROUND
WIRES
GROUND
WIRES
BLACK WIRE ATTACHED

BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
12-2 WIRE TO BRASS TERMINAL SCREW
TERMINAL SCREW
(WITH GROUND)
* ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW METAL BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC
WIRE NUT GUIDE
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE HBITIIM.
BLACK WIRE HOT
111 T 1 1 1 1 i-m RED WIRE How to Wire Outlets A
WIRE
NUT
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
BARE WIRE CHOUNDWIRE
WIRING THREE OUTLETS
FROM
12-2 WIRE
POWER {WITH GROUND)
SOURCE 12-2 WIRE
\ WHITE WIRE ATTACHED

TO WHITE OR SILVER
TERMINAL SCREW
/BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
(WITH GROUND)
GROUND
WIRES
TERMINAL SCREW
BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW METAL BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND

12-2 WIRE
METAL BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND
(WITH GROUND) WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE
6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
How to Wire Outlets WHITE WIRE

BLACK WIRE HOT
RED WIRE
MSUTHAL
WIRING FOUR OUTLETS BARE WIRE GROUND WIRE
WIRE NUT GUIDE

USE RED WIRE NUTS
12-2 WIRE FROM 12-2 WIRE ft

WIRE
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
(WITH GROUND) NUT INCLUDING GROUND WIRES
(WITH GROUND) POWER
SOURCE
WHITE WIRE ATTACHED

TO WHITE OR SILVER
TERMINAL SCREW TO BRASS TERMINAL SCREW
GROUND
WIRES
WALL BLACK WIRE ATTACHED

BOX TO BRASS TERMINAL SCREW
TERMINAL SCREW
/
12-2 WIRE 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) (WITH GROUND)
* ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW METAL BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC
www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com J
How to wire a split-circuit outlet
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE THE SWITCH CONTROLS THE TOP HALF OF THE OUTLET WIRE NUT GUIDE
BLACK WIRE MOT THE BOTTOM HALF OF OUTLET IS ALWAYS HOT USE RED WIRE NUTS
RED WIRE
BARE WIRE GROUND
§
red wire
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
INCLUDING GROUNDWIRES
WHITE WIRE ATTACHED nut
RED WIRE ATTACHED

\
WALL BOX
RED WIRE
ATTACHED
TO BRASS
TERMINAL SCREW
FROM
POWER
* ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING
SOURCE 12-2 WIRE BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
(WITH GROUND) EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO
THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND7 FOR
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE
How to wire split-circuit outlets
BLACK WIRE HOT
RED WIRE
THE SWITCH CONTROLS THE TOP HALF OF THE OUTLET S
BARE WIRE GKOUNDWIHE THE BOTTOM HALF OF OUTLETS IS ALWAYS HOT.
12-3 WIRE ^
(WITH GROUND) RED WIRE ATTACHED
FROM
POWER / 12-3 WIRE
SOURCE * 12-2 WIRE (WITH GROUND)
(WITH GROUND) USE A3 X 2X3
WALL BOX HERE
' THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE

SAME. EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE, THE GROUND
WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT
CONNECTS TO THE METAL TAB PROVIDED INSIDE THE
BOX. SEE PAGE 647 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND
WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
THE PICTURE BELOW SHOWS HOW THE POWER SUPPLY FROM THE BREAKER BOX
GOES TO TWO DIFFERENT JUNCTION BOXES, AND GOES IN TWO DIFFERENT WIRE NUT GUIDE
DIRECTIONS. USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
WIRING COLOR GUIDE ***• INCLUDING GROUND WIRES
NUT
WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE tar
RED WIRE tor
BARE WIRE ground.
* ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL
CEILING BOXES THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL
BOXES IS THE SAME. EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE.
THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN
PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON
O
HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
<D
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) O
CD
m
WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
TO WHITE OR SILVER
TERMINAL SCREW
V
O
GROUND
£.
WIRES 0)
<
CO

TERMINAL SCREW
O
BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
JUNCTION •JUNCTION
GROUND WIRES
BOX BOX
PUT COVERS ON JUNCTION BOXES. PUT COVERS ON JUNCTION BOXES
ALL ABOUT GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTERS (GFCI)
GROUND FAULT PROTECTION IS A MUST WHEREVER ELECTRICITY IS USED NEAR WATER

A GFCI Installed as the first receptacle in a circuit provides
protection to other receptacles beyond
Circuit Breaker
Type GFCI
CIRCUIT BREAKER BOX 12-2 WIRE

(WITH GROUND)
1. THE GFCI'S TURN OFF POWER IN 1/40 OF A SECOND TO PROTECT PEOPLE FROM SHOCK HAZARDS.
2. THE ELECTRICAL CODE REQUIRES GFCI PROTECTION IN AND AROUND THE HOME.CHECK WITH ELECTRI-
CAL INSPECTORS FOR MORE ON THIS.
3. THE MOST USED GFCI'S ARE THE CIRCUIT BREAKER AND THE OUTLET TYPE.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE HOW TO CHANGE A SINGLE POLE SWITCH TO

3 WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE HOT
A SWITC ^ AND OUTLET
RED WIRE HOT *CEILING BOX
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
\x WHITE WIRES ATTACHED

TO WHITE OR SILVER
WALL BOX TERMINAL SCREW
WALL BOX
MED WWE NUT
WHITE WIMEf
FROM
POWER \ O
12-2 WIRE
SOURCE
FROM . (WITH GROUND)
POWER I
^12-2 WIRE
SOURCE! (WITH GROUND) After BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
Before TO BRASS TERMINAL SCREW
COMBINES A SINGLE-POLE SWITCH

WITH AN OUTLET THAT IS ALWAYS HOT
How To Wire Three-Way Switches
With Switches Controlling One Light WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WERE NUTS
fl
wmc
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
NUT INCLUDING GROUND WIRES
HUE WIRE WITH ENDS PAINTED

12-3 WIRE -
BLACK TO SHOW IT IS BEING
(WITH GROUND)
USED AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
FROM
POWER 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) * ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL COMMON
SOURCE
CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL TERMINAL
BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. SCREW
THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN (Black or Copper
Colored)
HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES
How to Wire Three-Way Switches WIRE NUT GUIDE
With Switches Controlling Two Lights USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END 12-3 WIRE

fl
mm
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK

ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END TO
SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
THREE-WAY
SWITCH
FROM ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL

COMMON COMMON
POWER XI CEILING BOXES THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL
TERMINAL BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. TERMINAL
SOURCE 12-2 WIRE SCREW THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN SCREW
(WITH GROUND) (Slack or Copper PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON (Black or Copptr
Colored) HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES. Colored)
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE HOT
RED WIRE
BARE WIRE GXOUNDWIRE How to Wire Three-Way Switches
WIRE NUT GUIDE
With Switches Controlling Three Lights
USE RED WIRE NUTS
A WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE

USED ON THIS PAGE
INCLUDING GROUND WIRES WHTTE WIRE WITH 12-3 WIRE
BLACK ELECTRICAL (WITH GROUND)
CEILING BOX
TAPE ON END TO SHOW * CEILING BOX
IT IS BEING USED AS A
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WHITE WIRE WITH

12-3 WIRE BLACK ELECTRICAL
(WITH GROUND) TAPE ON END TO SHOW
ITIS BBNG USED AS A
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
THREE-WAY
SWITCH
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
FROM f (Black or Copper COMMON
POWER Colored) ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING TERMINAL
SOURCE BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME, SCREW
12-2 WIRE EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO (Black or Copper
(WITH GROUND) THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR Colored)
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE MEUTIIAI
BLACK WIRE MOT
How to Wire Three-Way Switches
RED WIRE With Switches Controlling Four Lights
TAPE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED
12-3 WIRE
WIRE NUT GUIDE AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE. (WITH GROUND)
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
red wire INCLUDING GROUNDWIRES
nut
WHITE WIRE WITH

12-3 WIRE BLACK ELECTRICAL
(WITH GROUND) TAPE ON END TO SHOW
IT IS BBNG USED AS A
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WALL
BOX
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
COMMON
TERMINAL
FROM f SCREW 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) THREE-WAY SWITCH COMMON
POWER (Black or Copper TERMINAL
SOURCE Colored) SCREW
(Black or Copper
12-2 WIRE BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
Colored)
(WITH GROUND) EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO
MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES. 31
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE MEUTHAL
BLACK WIRE MOT
With Switches Controlling One Light
RED WIRE
BARE WIREG«OUNDWIHE FROM
POWER WIRE NUT GUIDE
SOURCE 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) USE RED WIRE NUTS
§
WIMi
WHERE WIRE NUTS A R E
USED ON THIS PAGE
HUT
CEILING BOX
12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) 12-3 WIRE
X (WITH GROUND)
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
THREE-WAY
Colored)\
SWITCH
WALL BOX
\ COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW WHITE WIRE WITH
(Black or Copper BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPE ON END TO SHOW
Colored) ITIS BBNG USED AS A
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
K
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE.
ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END TO THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN
SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A , PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON
HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES. WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.

With Switches Controlling Two Lights USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
WIRING COLOR GUIDE FROM 12-2 WIRE 12-3 WIRE USED ON THIS PAGE
(WITH GROUND) red wire INCLUDING GROUNDWIRES
POWER (WITH GROUND) nut
SOURCE
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL _

AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE
12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END TO
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
THREE-WAY THREE-WAY
SWITCH SWITCH
12-2 WIRE
COMMON (WITH GROUND)
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Coppi
Colored) * ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING
BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME, COMMON
TERMINAL
|32| WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR
SCREW
1
' TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE. MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
(Black or Copper
Colored)
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE nwtral
BLACK WIRE ha
IlllHIIIin RED WIRE hot
BARE WIRE ground win
WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
fl WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE

USED ON THIS PAGE 12-3 WIRE
INCLUDING GROUND WIRES 12-2 WIRE (WITH GROUND)
(WITH GROUND)

BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
COMMON
* ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL TERMINAL
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL SCREW
THREE-WAY ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END TO BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. (Black or Copper
SWITCH SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN Colored)
BLACK (HOT) WIRE. PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE t»ulr»l
BLACK WIRE ha With Switches Controlling Four Lights
' BARE WIRE ground HW» 12-3 WIRE
FROM 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
POWER (WITH GROUND)
SOURCE \
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL-

AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WALL BOX COMMON

TERMINAL
THREE W A Y
SCREW
SWITCH * ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL (Black or Copper
CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL Colored)
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END
BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE.
WIRE NUT GUIDE
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

How to Wire Three-Way Switches USE RED WIRE NUTS
L; 1 WMITFWJRF neutral With Switches Controlling One Light fl

red wire
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
BLACK WIRE hot INCLUDING GROUNDWIRES
nut
jinn nun RED WIRE hot
BARE WIRE ground wire
WALL BOX 12-2 WIRE

(WITH GROUND)
COMMON
12-2 WIRE
TERMINAL
(WITH GROUND)
SCREW
FROM
(Black or Copper
POWER-
Colored)
SOURCE
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
WALL BOX
THREE-WAY SWITCH
12-3 WIRE ^ ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL
\ (WITH GROUND) CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL

With Switches Controlling Two Lights
12-2 WIRE
CEILING BOX
WIRING COLOR GUIDE (WITH GROUND)
WHITE WIRE 12-2 WIRE \
BLACK WIRE MOT (WITH GROUND)
RED WIRE
BARE WIRE
WIRE NUT GUIDE

USE RED WIRE NUTS
fl
WIRE
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
NUT
INCLUDING GROUND WIRES COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
— 12-2 WIRE (Black or Copper
(WITH GROUND) Colored)
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
THREE-WAY
SWITCH
THREE-WAY * ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL

SWITCH CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL
J I 12-3 WIRE THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN
(WITH GROUND)
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE hot
13 H'S"8"5'
lllMHICT RED WIRE hot
BARE WIRE ypux/*OT»
WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE CEILING BOX
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
FROM
POWER (Black or Copper
Colored)
SOURCE
X
I 7 1 12-2 WIRE 12-2 WIRE
1
/ \ (WITH GROUND) (WITH GROUND)
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
THREE-WAY SWITCH

12-3 WIRE THREE-WAY SWITCH EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO
(WITH GROUND) MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE How to Wire Three-Way Switches

WHITE WIRE With Switches Controlling Four Lights
BLACK WIRE hat
mnmim RED WIRE: hot 12-2 WIRE
BARE WIRE groundwir* 'WITH GROUND)
GROUND
12-2 WIRE WIRES 12-2 WIRE 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) (WITH GROUND) (WITH GROUND)
WIRE NUT GUIDE CEILING BOX
4 USE RED WIRE NUTS

WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
FROM
POWER""*
SOURCE
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored) ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING
12-3 WIRE THREE-WAY SWITCH

(WITH GROUND) THREE-WAY SWITCH
WIRE NUT GUIDE
How To Wire Three-Way Switches a

WIRE
NUT
USE
USED
RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
ON THIS PAGE
GROUND
With Switches Controlling One Light WIRES
WIRING COLOR GUIDE CEILING BOX
COMMON WHITE WIRE WITH
WHITE WIRE
TERMINAL BLACK ELECTRICAL /
BLACK WIRE MOT TAPE ON END TO
RED WIRE
SCREW FROM
SHOW IT IS BEING
BARE WIRE "BOUND WIRE
(Black or Copper POWER
Colored) SOURCE
THREE-WAY SWITCH /
\
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)

BUCK (HOT) WIRE
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
> ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL

WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL TAPE THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN
12-3 WIRE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON
(WITH GROUND) BLACK (HOT) WIRE. HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.

With Switches Controlling Two Lights USE MED WIRE NUTS
A
•Ml
WHERE
USED
WIRE
ON
NUTS
THIS
ARE
PAGE
mn INCLUDING GROUND WIRES
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE CEILING BOX GROUND
BLACK WIRE HOT WIRES
RED WIRE HOT \
BARE WIRE 0*01*0 PROM
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) POWER
SOURCE
WHITE WIRE WITH
BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPE ON END TO SHOW
THREE-WAY ITIS BBNG USED AS A
BLACK (HOT) WIRE. WHITE WIRE WITH
SWITCH BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPE ON END TO SHOW
COMMON ITIS BEING USED AS A
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored) 12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
12-2 WIRE
rWITH GROUND)
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)

WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL TAPE THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN
12-3 WIRE PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON
ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A
(WITH GROUND) HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE HOT
1
RED WIRE HOT
BARE WIRE G«C.VJ w ne How To Wire Three-Way Switches
WIRE NUT GUIDE
A USE MED WINE NUTS

WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
INCLUDING GROUND WINES
GROUND
WHTE WIRE WITH CEILING WIRES
BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPE ON END TO SHOW
FROM
BLACK (HOT) WIRE. 12-2 WIRE POWER
(WITH GROUND) SOURCE
THREE-WAY COMMON
SWITCH TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
12-2 WIRE
12-3 WIRE (WITH GROUND)
(WITH GROUND)
12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored)
THREE-WAY
SWITCH
12-3 WIRE WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN
(WITH GROUND) PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON
HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE HOT
With Switches Controlling Four Lights
RED WIRE
BARE WIRE oaojNo
WIRE NUT GUIDE

WHITE WIRE WITH * CEILING BOX
USE RED WIRE NUTS BLACK ELECTRICAL
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE TAPE ON END TO SHOW
USED ON THIS PAGE IT IS BEING USED AS A
INCLUDING GROUND WIRES BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
POWER
COMMON SOURCE
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
12-2 WIRE Colored)
(WITH GROUND)
^"\ /12-2 WIRE

12-3 WIRE T T (WITH GROUND)
(WITH GROUND)
rt^ ^^m^^
12-3 WIRE 12-3 WIRE
COMMON (WITH GROUND) (WITH GROUND)
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colored) CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL
THREE-WAY SWITCH PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON

12-3 WIRE TAPE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED
(WITH GROUND) AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE
How to Wire Single Pole Switch WHERE
USED
WIRE
ON
NUTS
THIS
ARE
PAGE
WIRE INCLUDING GROUND WIRES
BLACK WIRE HOT
RED WIRE
With Switch Controlling One Light Nt/T
BARE WIRE o«oj'o»-'«
12-2 WIRE CEILING BOX

(WITH GROUND)
WALL BOX
WHITE WIRE
RED WIRE NUT
WHITE WIRES

FROM BLACK WIRE THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN
POWER PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON
— 12-2 WIRE
SOURCE HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
(WITH GROUND)
How To Wire Single Pole Switch WIRE NUT GUIDE

With Switch Controlling Two Lights USE RED WIRE NUTS
§
wwi
WHERE WIRE NUTS A R E
USED ON THIS PAGE
HUT
WIRING COLOR GUIDE GROUND WIRES
WHITE WIRE 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) * CEILING BOX
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
X GROUND
WIRES
SINGLE-POLE SWITCH
* ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL
FROM BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES,
38| POWER 12-2 WIRE IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
SOURCE (WITH GROUND)
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE MOT
RED WIRE
How to Wire Single Pole Switch
WIRE NUT GUIDE
With Switch Controlling Three Lights
USE RED WIRE NUTS
fl
WIDE
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
GROUND
GROUND
NUT WIRES
WIRES
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
12-2 WIRE 12-2 WIRE

FROM ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING BOXES. THE
WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE.
POWER
- 12-2 WIRE THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE
SOURCE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES
(WITH GROUND)
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE NEUTRAL How To Wire Single Pole Switch
BLACK WIRE HOT
With Switch Controlling Four Lights
BARE WIRE G«OUNDWIRE
WIRE NUT GUIDE

CEILING BOXES CEILING BOXES
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE GROUND WIRES / \ GROUND WIRES GROUND WIRES /\ G
"°UND WIRE
USED ON THIS PAGE
NUT
12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
\
WALL BOX

12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
ft WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE

WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE
How to Wire Single Pole Switch USED ON THIS PAGE
nut
BLACK WIRE ha
iniumin RED WIRE hot With Switch Controlling One Light
CEILING BOX
GROUND WIRES
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL TAPE

ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A
12-2 WIRE
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
(WITH GROUND)
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
W
CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE
ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END TO GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLAS-
-SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A TIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW
GROUND THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WIRE

USE RED WIRE NUTS
With Switch Controlling Two Lights
§
WIRE
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
NUT
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE n»uval 12-3 WIRE
BLACK WIRE hoi (WITH GROUND)
RED WIRE CEILING BOX
BARE WIRE
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL' 12-2 WIRE

TAPE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED (WITH GROUND)
SINGLE-POLE SWITCH
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END TO EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATT ACHES TO
SHOW IT IS BEING USED AS A THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR
MORE ON HOW 1 HE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE,
BLACK WIRE HOT
PHI i Him RED WIRE
BARE WIRE GBOUNDWIRE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
With Switch Controlling Three Lights § WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
WIKE
GROUND WIRES
12-2 WIRE FROM

(WITH GROUND) POWER
SOURCE
\
WHITE WIRE WITH
BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPEOMEMOT08HOW
ITISBBHGUSEDASA 12-2 WIRE
BLACK (HOT) WIRE. (WITH GROUND)
WIRE 12-3 WIRE

SINGLE-POLE SWITCH
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES
TAPE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE
AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE. GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLAS-
TIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW
THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE NEI/TRAL How to Wire Single Pole Switch
BLACK WIRE HOT
RED WIRE With Switch Controlling Four Lights

BARE WIRE GBOUNOW^E
12-3 WIRE 12-3 WIRE 12-3 WIRE

WIRE NUT GUIDE (WITH GROUND) (WITH GROUN'J) (WITH GROUND)
USE RED WIRE NUTS
fl WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
GROUND
WIRES
WIRE
NUT INCLUDING GROUND WIRES CEILING BOX
12-2 WIRE FROM

(WITH GROUND) POWER
SOURCE
TAPE ON END TO SHOW

ITISBBNGUSEDASA
WALL BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
BOX
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)

CEILING BOXES THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE THE
TAPE ON END TO SHOW IT IS BEING USED GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLAS-
AS A BLACK (HOT) WIRE. TIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW
THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE One Power Source Supplying Two
WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE hot
neutral
Single Pole Switches With Lights
minium RED WIRE
12-2 WIRE
BARE WIRE gmund win (WITH GROUND)
WIRE NUT GUIDE

USE RED WIRE NUTS
fl. WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE

USED ON THIS PAGE
| red wire INCLUDING GROUNDWIRES
nut 12-2 WIRE GROUND WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
DOUBLE WALL BOX
ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AN D METAL CEILING

12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
FROM
POWER
SOURCE
SINGLE-POLE
SWITCHES
One Power Source Supplying Three

Single Pole Switches With Lights
12-2 WIRE * CEILING BOX
WIRING COLOR GUIDE (WITH GROUND)
BLACK WIRE ha
BARE WIRE yroundwin

GROUND WIRE
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
WIRE NUT GUIDE

USE RED WIRE NUTS
TRIPLE WALL BOX fl WHERE WIRE NUTS A R E

USED ON THIS PAGE

I CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL
FROM
POWER
SOURCE SINGLE-POLE
SWITCHES
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND) D D D
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE
RED WIRE
BARE WIRE (WOUND WIRE
One Power Source Supplying Two
WIRE NUT GUIDE
Single Pole Switches with Lights
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE 12-2 WIRE FROM
USED ON THIS PAGE (WITH GROUND) POWER
NUT 'SOURCE
GROUND
WIRES
12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)

MORE ON HOW 1 HE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WHITE WIRE
BLACK WIRE HOT

NEUTRAL
(V)
RED WIRE HOT
WIRE NUT GUIDE
BARE WIRE G«OUND WIRE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
12-3 WIRE 12-2 WIRE

\
FROM
* ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING BOXES. THE
12-2 WIRE POWER
WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE.
(WITH GROUND) SOURCE THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE
PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
All About Four-Way Switches
' ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL
GROUND
WIRES
WIRE NUT GUIDE
HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES. 'CEILING BOX USE RED WIRE NUTS
12-2 WIRE
12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
A
•Ml
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
(WITH .GROUND) MVT

COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Coppar
Colored)
COMMON
TERMINAL
SCREW
(Black or Copper
Colorad)
WHITE WIRE WITH
BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPE ON END TO SHOW !
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
12-3 WIRE -
(WITH GROUND)
WHITE WIRE WITH
BLACK ELECTRICAL
TAPE ON END TO SHOW
WHITE WIRE WITH BLACK ELECTRICAL TAPE ON END IT IS BEING USED AS A
BLACK (HOT) WIRE.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

How to wire a switch controlled outlet BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
WHITE WIRE ATTACHED

GROUND
WIRES
SINGLE-POLE
SWITCH

GROUND TO GREEN HEX GROUNDING
WIRE TERMINAL SCREW
12-2 WIRE '
(WITH GROUND) FROM
POWER
WIRE NUT GUIDE SOURCE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING BOXES. THE
USED ON THIS PAGE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE.
nut THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE
PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
How to Wire Outlet and Light with Pull Chain
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE NEUTRAL
BLACK WIRE HOT 12-2 WIRE
RED WIRE HOT CEILING BOX (WITH GROUND)
BARE WIRE GROUND WIRE 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
MNE INCLUDING GROUND WIRES
NUT
\
FROM
POWER
SOURCE
* ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL
BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES,
IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
How To Wire Outlet and Light With Pull Chain

WIRING COLOR GUIDE
3 WHITE WIRE CEILING BOX
BLACK WIRE HOT
RED WIRE 12-2 WIRE
BARE WIRE GROUND WIRE (WITH GROUND)
WALL
BOX
GROUND WIRES
FROM j
POWER / ON THISPAGE WE SHOWUSING METAL WALL ANDMETAL CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING
SOURCE 12-2 WIRE IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE
GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE
(WITH GROUND) 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
WIRING COLOR GUIDE
WHITE WIRE
D O
BLACK WIRE hot
RED WIRE hoi
BARE WIRE gmund win How To Wire Outlet-Switch and Light o
WIRE NUT GUIDE O

USE RED WIRE NUTS
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE 12-2 WIRE CEILING BOX
(WITH GROUND)
DOUBLE WALL BOX

BLACK WIRE ATTACHED
NOTE - THE
WIRES ON THIS
PAGE ARE
SHOWN EXTRA
LONG TO SHOW
HOW THEY CON-
.BLACK WIRE ATTACHED NECT TO SWITCH
AND OUTLET, -
THEY NEED TO
BE ONLY 6"
12-2 WIRE LONG.
\ GROUND WIRE ATTACHED
(WITH GROUND) 'TO OREEN HEX GROUNDING
FROM TERMINAL SCREW
POWER
SOURCE " ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING
WHITE WIRE ATTACHED
THE METAL BOXES. IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR
TO WHITE OR SILVER
TERMINAL SCREW
How To Wire Outlet-Switch and Light

D O o
WIRING COLOR GUIDE

WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS GROUND
O
WHITE WIRE *****
BLACK WIRE HOT
A WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
CEILING BOX
WIRES
NUT
RED WIRE 12-2 WIRE
BARE WIRE O*OUND WIRE (WITH GROUND)
12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
BLACK WIRES ATTACHED

TO BRASS TERMINAL SCREWS FROM
DOUBLE WALL BOX
POWER
SOURCE
GROUND NOTE - THE

WIRES WIRES ON THIS
PAGE ARE
SHOWN EXTRA
LONG TO SHOW
HOW THEY CON-
NECT TO SWITCH
AND OUTLET, -
THEY NEED TO
BE ONLY 6"
LONG.
ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING BOXES. THE
WHITE WIRE ATTACHED WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE.
TO WHITE OR SILVER THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE
TERMINAL SCREW PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
How to Wire a Single Pole Switch, Light, and Outlet
WIRE NUT GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS
GROUND WIRES
WHERE WIRE NUTS ARE
USED ON THIS PAGE
nut 12-2 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
12-3 WIRE
(WITH GROUND)
*WALL BOX
SINGLE-POLE
SWITCH
FROM ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL
POWER CEILING BOXES. THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES
SOURCE IS THE SAME, EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE
GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO THE METAL BOXES, IN PLAS-
12-2 WIRE TIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR MORE ON HOW
(WITH GROUND) THE GROUND WIRE WORKS IN PLASTIC BOXES.
How To Wire Outlet-Switch and Light

WIRE NUT GUIDE WIRING COLOR GUIDE
USE RED WIRE NUTS ON
ALL WIRING DIAGRAMS 12-2 WIRE
ON THIS PAGE INCLUDING
red wire GROUND WIRES (WITH GROUND)
nut
WALL
BOX
FROM
POWER
SOURCE
SINGLE-POLE
SWITCH

BOXES THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,
12-2 WIRE'*' EXCEPT FOR THE GROUND WIRE. THE GROUND WIRE ATTACHES TO
(WITH GROUND) THE METAL BOXES, IN PLASTIC IT DOES NOT, SEE PAGE 6 AND 7 FOR 47
Explanation of Standard Electrical Terms
Receptacle or Outlet ...... ^M<..... A type of outlet to which electric cords can
\V conveniently be plugged in.
Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A safety device which breaks the flow of
electricity whenever a circuit becomes
overloaded.
Circuit-Breaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performs the same functions as a fuse in the
"Circuit-Breaker" types of service panel.
Electric Service Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T h e main panel (or fuse cabinet) through
which electricity is brought into the building
and then distributed to various branch cir-
cuits. Contains the main disconnect switch
for the entire wiring system, as well as fuses
or circuit-breakers.
Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common trade term for electric wires.
Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T h e connection of the electrical system to
the earth, a precaution necessary to prevent
damage from lightning and minimize danger
from shocks.
"Hot" Wires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T h e power-carrying wires (usually black or
red) as distinguished from the "neutral"
wires (usually white).
Switch box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Type of protective box in which switch ter-
minals are connected to the wires.
Fish wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Narrow, springy metal type bent into a hook
at one or both ends. Used to pull wire
through walls, floors and ceilings in existing
homes.
Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Any mounted electrical device such as a
switch, outlet, ceiling light, etc.
L i n e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable comprising or supplying a circuit.
Thin-wall conduit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A l s o called E.M.T. which stands for Electrical
Metal Tubing.
Color-Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identification of wires by color throughout
the system to help assure that "hot" wires
will be connected only to "hot" wires and
that "neutral" wires run in a continuous un-
interrupted connection back to the ground
terminal.
Short circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An improper connection between "hot"

"hot" wires or between a "hot" wire and
a "neutral".
Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Two or more wires through which electricity
•—. flows out from the source of supply to one or
112 - more outlets, and then back.
' a
OTHER FINE BOOKS FROM
STEP BY STEP GUIDE BOOK CO.
OUR HOME PLUMBING BOOK

IS 8 1/2" X 11" AND CONTAINS
56 PAGES.
STEP BY STEP NO. 4

GUIDE BOOK ON
SPRINKLING SYSTEMS
OVER 300
HOW-TO-DO-IT
PICTURES
OUR SPRINKLER BOOK

IS 8 1/2" X 11" AND CONTAINS
38 PAGES.
SIMPLIFIED, COMPLETE INSTALLATION MANUAL
II
26644 II 10000 1111 5
ISBN -O-9619201-0-6

Step by Step Guide Book On Home Wiring

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NO.

BLACK WIRE ATTACHED

ALL ABOUT OUTLETS PAGE 25

HOW TO WIRE THREE-WAY

IMPORTANT Copyright © 1982

Author: Ray McReynolds

IF YOU CANT FIND OUR BOOKS IN YOUR AREA,

Step-By-Step Guide Book Co.

GROUND WIRE ATTACHED

• ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING

/'WHITE WIRE ATTACHED

BLACK WIRE ATTACHED

GROUND WIRE ATTACHED

JUNCTION PUT COVERS ON JUNCTION BOXES.

ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL CEILING

With the electricity turned off, you can work in n -8 —

Lever disconnect. An Pull-out block. The

ON NUMBER 3. THIRD, IF WAYS #1 AND #2 DO NOT WORK FOR YOU, GO

All About Circuit Breakers

Single Circuit Breaker POSITIONS OF THE CIRCUIT

What is to be done when a breaker trips or a fuse blows?

T M I I I mill RED WIRE

GROUND WIRE ATTACHED

GROUND WIRE ATTACHED

WIRING COLOR GUIDE

BLACK WIRE ATTACHED

GROUND WIRE ATTACHED

THE WIRING IN PLASTIC AND METAL BOXES IS THE SAME,

WIRING COLOR GUIDE

ON THIS PAGE WE SHOW USING METAL WALL AND METAL

CHECK WITH LOCAL CODES ON WIRING

Chart Shows Copper Wire Size, Amps and Watts

Wire Size Amps Watts

• NO. 1 4 wire 1800 watts

• NO. 12 wire £\J amps 2400 watts

• NO. 1 0 wire •30 amps 3600 watts

^P NO. 8 wire 40 amps 4800 watts

^P NO. 6 wire JU amps 6000 watts

The larger the wire gauge

Chart Shows Color Coding of Wires and Terminal Screws

B black hot wire

#14-2 WIRE WITH GROUND #12-2 WIRE WITH GROUND

15-amp 20-amp fuse

Color coding of wire

HOW TO JOIN WIRE TO SCREW TERMINALS

Wrong way Right way

HOW TO JOIN SEVERAL WIRES TO SCREW TERMINALS

staple cable 8 inches

Strip outer sheath of insulation before inserting

OUTLETS AND SWITCHES

ALL OUTLETS MUST BE OF THE GROUNDED TYPE.

OUTLETS AND SWITCHES

Checking an Outlets Ground

TEST THE GROUNDING OF A NEWLY

To (.rolect cord f r o m stroin, . then pull down lightly

120/240-volt, 30-ampere, grounded. Designed

USE WIRE SIZE 10-3 WITH GROUND FOR ELECTRIC DRYERS.

Recessed Range Recepticle

120/240-volt, 50-ampere, grounded. An electric

Surface Range Recepticle

USE WIRE SIZE 6-3 WITH GROUND FOR ELECTRIC RANGES.

Air conditioner (central) . . . . . . . . . . . . 5000 Power tools

Color of Wire Color of Screw Hot - Neutral