Exploring Computer Science: Mr Kapptie

Unit: Basics Turn In List: 1. Bits & Bytes & Data (this file)

“I will demonstrate an understanding of how digital information is stored on computers.”

Title: Bits, Bytes and Digital Data

Content Objectives: Students will explore the world of digital information and be able to convert bits and
bytes to decimal and hexadecimal.

Key Terms:
Binary Base 2 number system. It uses 0s and 1s. (a way of counting with only two digits).

Bit and Bit Systems Bit is the smallest unit of digital information – groups establish our bit system.

Byte 8 bits of data is one byte.

Kilo = 1,000 bytes, mega = 1,000,000 bytes, Giga = 1,000,000,000 bytes, Tera =
Kilo, Mega, Giga, Tera 1,000,000,000,000 bytes
Hexadecimal A base sixteen number system, it uses 0-9 and A-F

Base 2, 8, 10, 16 Base 2: binary, base 8: octal, base 10: decimal, base 16: hex

File and File Extension Gives instruction to the OS of what to do with that file.

Folder/Directory Organization unit on an OS

Path Reveals the location of a file on the computer

Application Terms:
Windows Explorer or Finder File manager
File Attributes - Properties or Get Meta data
Info
Size Attributes Always measured in bytes.
Created, Modified and Other File System information
Attributes
File Compression Save space or group files in one zip

Assignment:
Counting in Base 2, Base 10 and Base 16 number systems. Fill in the blanks:

Decimal 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Hex 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
Binary 0000 0011 0100 0101
0110 0111
1000
1001 1010 1011 1100
1101
1110 1111
0001 0010

Using the following binary tool as a visual aid, see if you can decode the following values… Record all binary values in 8 bits.
 Exploring Computer Science: Mr Kapptie
1 Kilobyte (KB) = 1,000 Bytes
1 Megabyte (MB) = 1,000,000 Bytes
1 Gigabyte (GB) = 1,000,000,000 Bytes
1 Terabyte (TB) = 1,000,000,000,000 Bytes

Decimal Binary Decimal Binary

92 = 01011100 12 = 00001100

173 = 10101101 9 = 00001001

53 = 00110101 122 = 01111010

95 = 01011111 232 = 11101000

154 = 10011010 111 = 01101111

255 = 11111111 98 = 01100010

10 = 00001010 85 = 01010101

27 = 00011011 297 = 000100101001

Hex Binary Hex Binary

CA = 11001010 10 = 00010000

AD = 10101101 3F = 00111111

19 = 00011001 2A = 00101010

83 = 10000011 2B = 00101011

33 = 00110011 1F = 00011111

FF = 11111111 F8 = 11111000

E2 = 11100010 99 = 10011001

1B = 00011011 9F = 10011111

1. List all of the numbers and letters used in the hexadecimal system? 0-9 and A-F

2. How many unique and individual numbers do we use in our English (base 10) number system? 10 unique numbers: 0, 1,

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
 Exploring Computer Science: Mr Kapptie
3. Using the article on “How CD’s Work” explain in your own words how information is read from a CD.
There is an indentation on a flat surface and the light flashes up back into itself if the surface is flat and it reflects to the
side if it is indented, giving a computer the ability to interpret binary code.

4. What do we call a computer’s language that is made up of 1’s and 0’s? Binary code.

5. What are the possible values of one bit? 1 or 0

6. EIGHT bits = 1 byte

7. 128 MB= 128,000 KB

8. 256 KB= 256,000 bytes

9. 512 MB= .512 GB

10. Your phone/music player = 8 GB – CONVERT to Megabytes 8,000 MB

11. Using the ASCII table, provide the following information for your first name:

Your First Name:

Letter A l e c
Hex 41 6c 65 63
Binary 01000001 01101100 01100101 01100011

Notes: