ACIDS AND BASES
completely with 50 cm3 of hydrochloric
Exercise 1
1) State the relationship between the
concentration of hydrogen ions, H+ and the
pH value of an acid
2) What is meant by a strong acid and a weak
acid?
3) You are given 1.0 mol dm-3 aqueous nitric
acid and 1.0 mol dm-3 aqueous ethanoic
acid. Which acid has a higher pH value?
Explain why the pH values of the two acids
are different.
4) What is meant by a strong alkali and a weak
alkali?
5) The pH value of potassium hydroxide, KOH
solution is higher than the pH value of
ammonia, NH3 solution of the same
concentration. Explain why.
6) 2 mol of potassium chloride, KCl is
dissolved in water to make up 100 cm3 of
solution. Calculate the concentration in g
dm-3.
7) 75.6 g of solid zinc nitrate, Zn(NO3)2 is
dissolved in water to make up 250 cm3 of
solution. Calculate the concentration in mol
dm-3.
8) Given that the molarity of 100 cm3 of copper
sulphate, CuSO4 solution is 2.0 mol dm-3.
Calculate
(a) The number of moles of CuSO4 in the
solution
(b) The mass of CuSO4 in the solution
[relative atomic mass: Cu,64;S,32;O,16]
9) 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 HCl reacted with
excess zinc powder. Calculate the volume,
in cm3, of hydrogen gas released at room
conditions.
[Molar volume: 24 dm3 mol-1 at room
conditions]
10) Calculate the molarity of 25 cm3 of H2SO4
which reacted completely with 2.5 g of
calcium carbonate, CaCO3.
[Relative atomic mass: Ca,40;C,12;O,16]
11) 4 g of copper(II) oxide, CuO reacts
acid, HCl.
[Relative atomic mass: Cu,64;O,16;Cl;35.5;H,1]
(a) Write a chemical equation to represent
the reaction between hydrochloric acid
and copper(II) oxide.
(b) Calculate the number of moles of
copper(II) oxide in this reaction.
(c) Calculate the mass, in grams, of
copper(II) chloride, CuCl2 formed in
this reaction.
(d) Find the molarity of hydrochloric acid
which reacts completely with 4 g of
copper(II) oxide.
12) 20 cm3 of water is added to 30 cm3 of 1.0
mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide, NaOH solution.
Determine the molarity of the diluted
solution.
13) Find the volume of distilled water needed to
add to 40 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium
hydroxide, NaOH solution to produce 0.25
mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide, NaOH solution.
14) In a titration, 40 cm3 of 0.25 mol dm-3
potassium hydroxide, KOH solution is
needed to neutralize 20 cm3 of nitric acid,
HNO3. Calculate the molarity of the nitric
acid, HNO3.
15) X g of zinc oxide, ZnO was found to
completely neutralize 25 cm3 of 0.2 mol
dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl. Calculate the
value of X.
[Relative atomic mass: Zn,65;O,16]