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132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

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Customer Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd. (PGCB)


Project Design, supply, erection, testing & commissioning of two new 132/33 Kv Air
Insulated Switchgear (AIS) Substation at Kulaora & Sherpur on turnkey basis
Contract No PGCB/SS/132/Kul/Sher/01 Dated: 30-04-2012
Substation 132/33KV Sherpur Grid Substation, Sherpur
Feeder 132/33KV,35/50MVA Transformer Feeder-TR1
Ref. Drawing OP13 046 101
Document Relay Setting Calculations

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

Page 02/10

Protection Details for 132/33KV, 50MVA Power Transformer:

Serial Protection Category IED/Relay Type Panel


1 Transformer Differential Protection-87T Schneider-P632
2 High impedance REF protection on LT side-64R Schneider-P132
3 Non-Directional O/C & E/F protection on HT side-51/50 & 51N/50N Schneider-P132
4 Non-Directional O/C & E/F protection on LT side-51/50 & 51N/50N Schneider-P132
Transformer Details:

Rating 35/50MVA
Vector Group Dyn1
% Impedance 11.03%
HT side LT side
Voltage Level 132KV 33KV
Full load current 218.69 A 874.77 A
CT ratio for 87T 400/1A 1200/1A
CT ratio for 64R NA 1200/1A

Transformer Differential Protection: 87T

Parameters Settings based on calculations


Diff 1st stage, Id> 20% of rated full load current=43.74 A is allowed as differential current by taking steady
state magnetizing current into consideration
Diff 2nd stage, Id>> 5 times the rated current=5x218.69=1093.45 A
Diff 3rd stage, Id>>> 9 times the rated current=9x218.69=1914.52 A
Diff Unrestrained, IR, m2 Maximum through fault current (3-ph) =1914.52 A (calculations given below) which is
8.75 times the rated current (218.69 A).
Hence with a margin Id unrestrained is set 9 times the rated current.
Slope 1-m0 0%; The flat section of the tripping curve represents the most sensitive region of the
tripping characteristic in the form of settable basic threshold(Id>) .It accounts for the
steady state magnetizing current of the transformer during normal operation either in a
no-load or full load conditions.
Slope 2-m1 20%; accounts for CT mismatch & OLTC operation but provides sensitivity for XFR
internal faults
Slope 3-m2 50% ; provides stability under through fault conditions, during which there may be
transient differential current due to CT saturation

Note: Id unrestrained got to be set above maximum inrush current of TR with respect to rated current

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

Page 03/10

Transformer Differential Protection: REF-87N

Parameters Settings based on calculations


REF low set, Id> 15% of rated full load current=32.80 A is allowed as differential current for REF
REF high set, Id>>> 3 times the rated current=3x218.69=656.07 A
REF Unrestrained, IR, m2 Maximum through fault current (3-ph) =1914.52 A (calculations given below) which is
8.75 times the rated current (218.69 A).
Hence with a margin Id unrestrained is set 9 times the rated current.
Slope 2-m1 10%
Slope 3-m2 25%

Transformer Differential Protection: 2nd harmonic (Inrush) & 5th harmonic (over fluxing) blocking

Parameters Settings based on calculations


2nd harmonic block I(2f0)/I(f0) =20% serves as a criteria
5th harmonic block I(5f0)/I(f0) =20% serves as a criteria

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

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System Fault Calculations

System Planning Data for Sherpur Grid S/S(As on 2015)

Max 3Ф- fault at 132KV bus = 3.48 KA, Fault MVA=796


Max 1Ф- fault at 132KV bus = 2.89 KA, Fault MVA=660

Conditions:
Base Power=100 MVA
Base Voltage=132KV
132KV level base Impedance, Zb=Base Kv2/Base MVA=1322/100=174.24 Ohm
132KV level base Current, Ib=Base MVA/√3*132Kv=437.38 A
33KVlevel base Impedance, Zb=Base Kv2/Base MVA=332/100=10.89 Ohm
33KV level base Current, Ib=Base MVA/√3*33Kv=100MVA//√3*33Kv A=1749.55 A

Phase to Phase Fault Calculation:

Source Impedance:

Z1s=Z2s=Base MVA/3Ф- fault MVA


=100/796 p.u
=0.12562814 p.u
Z0s =Base MVA/1Ф- fault MVA
=100/660 p.u
=0.151515151 p.u

Power TR data:

Rated MVA=35/50, Vector group Dyn1, %Z=11.03, HT CT Ratio=400/1A, LT CT Ratio=1200/1A

Per unit impedance for XFMR with respect to base:

Z1T=Z2T=Z0T=%Z/MVArating=11.03/50 p.u=0.2206 p.u

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

Page 05/10

Converted source impedance from 132KV to 33KV system:


Zs(new)=Kv2(new)/Kv2(old)*Zs(old)
= (332/1322)* 0.12562814 p.u
=0.00785176 p.u at 33Kv

Now positive sequence impedance from source to 33KV end of XFMR:


=Z1s+Z1T
=(0.00785176 +0.2206) p.u
=0.22845176 p.u

3Ф- fault at 33KV end of power XFMR:


=(Vp.u/Zp.u)*I base 33KV
=[(33/33)/0.22845176 ]*1749.55 A
=7658.29 A
Note: 3Ф- fault is the most sever so we consider phase-to-phase fault

1Ф-Ф fault at 33KV end of power XFMR:


=7658.29 *0.866
=6632.08 A

Now phase-to-phase fault at 132KV end of XFMR:


1Ф-Ф = 1Ф-Ф fault at 33KV end of power XFMR/2√3
=6632.08 /2√3
=1914.52 A

Phase to Ground Fault Calculation:

Total impedance up to 33KV end of XFMR


=Z1s+Z2s+Z1T+Z2T+Z0T (HT Delta connected so no zero sequence source impedance
considered)
=2*Z1s+3Z1T
=(2*0.00785176 +3*0. 0.2206) p.u
=0.67750352 p.u

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

Page 06/10

Phase to Ground Fault at 33KV end of XFMR:


IФ-g =3*1749.55/0.67750352
=7747.05 A
Phase to Ground Fault at 132KV end of XFMR:
IФ-G = Phase to Ground Fault at 33KV end of XFMR /4√3
=7747.05 /4√3 A
=1118.19 A

Fault Calculation Summary

Calculated Fault Current at 132KV end of power XFMR:


IФ-Ф =1914.52 A
IФ-G =1118.19 A
Calculated Fault Current at 33KV end of power XFMR:
IФ-Ф =6632.08 A
IФ-g =7747.05 A

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

Page 07/10

Relay Coordination

System Data:

132KV full load current =218.69 A, CT Ratio =400/1 A


33KV full load current =874.77 A, CT Ratio =1200/1 A

Non-Directional O/C& E/F protection on HT side-51/50, 51N/50N

IDMT Non-Directional O/C protection (51) setting calculations:


Actual Time, Ta=0.8 (based on zone-3 trip time)
Full load current=218.69 A
Considered loading=218.69 x 110% A=240.60 A
Calculated ph-ph fault current=1914.52 A
Calculated time based on IEC Standard Inverse Curve, Tc=3.31 sec
T.M.S=Ta/Tc=0.8/3.31=0.24

Note: Calculated TMS (k) got to be coordinated with the downstream settings to avoid mal-operations

Instantaneous Non-Directional O/C protection (50) setting calculations:


Full load current=218.69 A
Calculated ph-ph fault current=1914.52 A
Pick up for instantaneous over current protection has been set to 80% of the maximum ph-ph fault
current without any delay.
PMS (I>>) setting=0.80 x 1914.52 A=1531.62 A which is 3.83 times the CT ratio
Hence I>>=1531.62, time delay=0 sec

IDMT Non-Directional E/F protection (51N) setting calculations:


Actual Time, Ta=0.8
Relay current setting=20%*Ien=0.2*400=80 A
Calculated ph-ground fault current=1118.19 A
Calculated time based on IEC Standard Inverse Curve, Tc=2.58 sec
T.M.S=Ta/Tc=0.8/2.58=0.31

Note: Calculated TMS (k) got to be coordinated with the downstream settings to avoid mal-operations

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

Page 08/10

Instantaneous Non-Directional E/F protection (50N) setting calculations:

Full load current=218.69 A


Calculated ph-ground fault current=1118.19 A
Pick up for instantaneous Earth Fault protection has been set to 0.5 times the maximum ph-ground fault
current without any delay.
PMS (Ie>>) setting=0.5x1118.19 A=559.09 A which is 1.40 times the CT ratio
Hence Ie>>=559.09 A, time delay=0 sec

Non-Directional O/C& E/F protection on LT side-51/50, 51N/50N

IDMT Non-Directional O/C protection (51) setting calculations:

Actual Time, Ta=0.5 sec


Full load current at 33Kv side=874.77A
Considered loading=874.77x 110% A=962.25 A
Calculated ph-ph fault current =6632.08 A
Calculated time based on IEC Standard Inverse Curve, Tc=3.56 sec
T.M.S=Ta/Tc=0.5/3.56=0.14

Note: Calculated TMS (k) got to be coordinated with the downstream settings to avoid mal-operations

Instantaneous Non-Directional O/C protection (50) setting calculations:

Full load current=874.77A


Calculated ph-ph fault current =6632.08 A
Pick up for instantaneous over current protection has been set to 80% of the maximum ph-ph fault
current without any delay.
PMS (I>>) setting=0.80 x 6632.08 A=5305.66 A which is 4.42 times the CT ratio
Hence I>>=5305.66 A, time delay=0 sec

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

Page 09/10

IDMT Non-Directional E/F protection (51N) setting calculations:

Actual time Ta=0.5 sec-


Relay current setting=20%*Ien=0.2*1200=240 A
Calculated ph-ground fault current =7747.05 A
Calculated time based on IEC Standard Inverse Curve, Tc=1.95 sec
T.M.S=Ta/Tc=0.5/1.95=0.25

Note: Calculated TMS (k) got to be coordinated with the downstream settings to avoid mal-operations

Instantaneous Non-Directional E/F protection (50N) setting calculations:

Full load current=874.77 A


Calculated ph-ground fault current=7747.05 A
Pick up for instantaneous Earth Fault protection has been set to 0.5 times the maximum ph-ground fault
current without any delay.
PMS (Ie>>) setting=0.5x7747.05 A=3873.53 A which is 3.23 times the CT ratio
Hence Ie>>=3873.53 A, time delay=0 sec

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-
132/33KV, 35/50MVA Transformer Protective Relay Setting Calculations: Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB

Page 10/10

High Impedance REF Protection on LT side, 64R

This protection is based on high impedance differential scheme. The relay setting can be calculated as
below:

CT details: LT Line side & Neutral side CT ratio=1200/1A, Class: 5P20, VA=30
Rct=11Ω ; Rl=(0.0054x60x1.2)=0.39 Ω, considered 60 meters distance from NCT to relay connected
using a cable of 4.0mm2 (resistance of 4.0rm copper cable= 0.00541Ω/m at 75°C+); a factor of 1.2 has
been used for calculating actual distance of a three phase four wire cable.

Voltage drop across the circulating current circuit for external faults,
Us=IKmax x(Rct+Rl)/n where
Maximum through fault current (3-ph) =132kv/[1.732x(source impedance + TR impedance)]
Source Impedance=Kv2/Fault MVA=1322/796=21.89 Ω at 80 degree (for ph fault)

Base MVA =100MVA


Base Impedance=Base KV2/Base MVA=1322/100=174.24 Ω
Actual Impedance=per unit impedance x base impedance= (11.03/50) x174.24=38.44 Ω
Maximum through fault current (3-ph) =132kv/ [1.732x (21.89 + 38.44)]=132/104.49=1.263 KA
Maximum through fault current (3-ph) with respect to 33KV=IKmax=1.263x4 KA=5.052 KA

Rct=the internal resistance of the CT secondary winding=11.0 Ω


Rl=the total resistance of the measuring circuit loop=0.39 Ω
n= turns of the CT=1/1200

Hence, Us=5052x (11+0.39)x1/1200=47.95 V


Recommended settings=47.95V+4.795V=52.75V with a margin of 10% (generally to be adopted)
CT requirement with minimum Vk=2xUs=2x52.75V=105.5V Approx.

As mentioned above, for high impedance REF, function element with stabilizing resistor is used. For a
sensitivity of 10% i.e 0.01In (recommended for a solidly grounded system), stabilizing resistor:
Rs≥Us/I=52.75/0.1= 527.5 Ω approximately to be connected in series.

Chosen Rs=528 ohms (Approx.)

Reviewed by ----- 132/33KV, 35/50MVA TR Protective Relay Setting


Calculations, Sherpur Grid S/S, PGCB
Prepared by Engr. Al Mamun Order Ref- Rev-00 Total Sheet=10
Issued by Dept. Document No-

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