CHAPTER IV

TECHNICAL ASPECT
Introduction
In this chapter, we will focus on the Technical Aspect of our Carabricks. This
includes the product description in which the purpose of our bricks will be elaborated, the
production flowchart that describes how our product undergo to different process and
procedure, the production schedule that discussed the time and date of manufacturing.
The list of materials and supplies that we used, the cost are also presented and lastly the
plant and the property where our business is operated and located.

The Technical aspect is the discussion of the basic and operation flow of the
project. The technical aspect is one of the essentials of this study because this factor
responds to the technicalities and basic structure of the proposed study. This includes
the list of equipments, materials, structure plan and also the source of the supplies
use in the proposed project. Business plans, promotion strategies, utilities, facilities,
layout designs and location includes in this chapter.
The Product

4 cm

8 cm

Due to increasing demands in the field of business, lot of marketers introduced a

lot of products which hopes to be in good market condition. In engaging in business world
you should know how to market your product as well as you should consider the economic
status of your country. Considering the availability of all the needs for your chosen
production is important.
The rapid growth in construction industry triggered us to come up with the idea in
searching for more efficient and durable alternatives far beyond the limitations of the
conventional bricks production. This leads us in producing eco-friendly brick with excellent
quality at a fair price. We named our product “carabricks” because it is mostly made of
carabao dung. We incorporated wastes and innovatively used carabao dung into the
production of our carabricks. It is a substitute material for construction of low cost
structure. The primary raw material carabao dung makes it innovative because it will
make the bricks lightweight but as heavy duty as an ordinary brick.
Today, there are a lot of bricks offered in the market that differ in sizes and shapes.
Carabricks is a brick made from carabao dung is usually found in farms. It is mixed and
combined with sand, cement and water. It can be used for house, building, facility,
infrastructure as pavement and masonry unit all throughout the world. Although it may
seem waste to many it has its ability to increase structure stability and strength. Also it
plays an integral role in the field of civil engineering construction. It is usually used as an
alternative stones for establishment purpose. Carabricks is made to be more appealing
to the market through its durability and fair price.
Production technology
The technology for SIXBR1CKS Corporation is developed and bought
international. Weighing hopper concrete batcher PL1200 from Shandong Guancheng
Machinery Co. Ltd, China. Weigh batcher is in which all ingredients for a concrete mix are
measured by weight. At the start of production, the raw materials are discharged into a
weigh batcher, which measures the correct proportion of dry materials for the mix. Critic
Grate Discharge High Alumina Lining Bricks Wet Grinding Ball Mill Machine from
Qingdao, Tianjin, China. A grinder is any of various power tools or machine tools used for
to cut and sand, cement and newspaper into the right sizes to fit around corners. After
that they will be combine with carabao dung and water. LY1-10 Clay Raw Material Brick
Moulding Machine from Qingdao, China. After mixing is complete, the batch is discharged
into a hopper and compacted into moulds. Each mould consists of a re-usable, one-piece
mould box with replaceable liners. The moulds are compacted using pressure and
vibration to assure an even distribution of concrete. Clay Brick Drying Machine from
Qingdao, Shanghai, Tianjin, China. Once the bricks are formed they are dried to remove
excess moisture that might otherwise cause cracking during the ensuing firing process.
Full Automatic Brick kiln from Qingdao, China. The bricks are fired in a high temperature
kiln and then cooled. Firing hardens and strengthens the brick. After firing they are left to
cool.

Direct Materials
Direct Materials Amount Used Price per unit Unit Cost
measure
Cement 2 per cup ₱ 0.53 ₱ 1.06
Sand 4 per cup ₱ 0.05 ₱ 0.20
Total Cost ₱ 1.26

The amount of cement that will be used in (1) one carabricks is 2 per cup, price
per unit is ₱ 0.53 per cup and the total cost is ₱ 1.06. The amount of sand that will be
used in (1) one carabricks is 4 per cup, price per unit is ₱ 0.05 per cup and the total cost
is ₱ 0.20. The total cost of direct material is ₱ 1.26.

Indirect Materials
Indirect Materials Amount Used Price per unit Unit Cost
measure
Carabao dung 5 per cup ₱ 0.2 ₱1.00
Water 6 per cup ₱ 0.05 ₱0.3
 Total Cost ₱ 1.3

The amount of carabao dung that will be used in (1) one carabricks is 5 per cup,
price per unit is ₱ 0.2 per cup and the total cost is ₱ 1.00. The amount of water that will
be used in (1) one carabricks is 6 per cup, price per unit is ₱0.05 per cup and the total
cost is ₱ 0.3. The total cost of indirect material is ₱1.3
Direct Labour
Items Cost
Budgeted Production 3,030 per piece
Required Direct Labor Hour 23,440 hours
Direct Labor Rate per Hour 46.63
Direct Labor Cost 1,093,077.2
Divide by Production 3,030 per piece
Cost of Direct Labor per Unit ₱ 360.75

The Budgeted Production starts at 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm so every hour we can

produce 1,010. Direct Labor contains the amount paid to the factory workers for the
production of the carabricks. The corporation has decided to hire (8) production workers
on its 1st year. The minimum wage per day is Php373.00. It is target that the factory shall
produce 887,790 carabricks on its first year. There is 293 working day in a year.

Total unit production

Total Product Cost
Direct Labor rate per unit ₱ 2.22
Direct Materials ₱ 1.26
Manufacturing Overhead ₱ 8.78
Total Cost ₱ 12.26

We decided that our selling price would be ₱ 20.00, so that in every piece bricks
our profit is ₱ 7.74.
Overhead Cost Variable cost Fixed Cost

Indirect Materials

Water ₱ 0.30

Carabao dung ₱1

Other Indirect Factory Cost

Factory Supplies ₱ 0.06

Factory Maintenance ₱ 120,000

Machinery and Tool Maintenance ₱ 180,000

Property tax ₱ 1,200,000

Depreciation ₱ 154,682

Property Insurance ₱ 72,000

Utilities ₱ 237,816

TOTAL ₱ 1.36 ₱ 1,964,498

 Depreciation Schedule
MACHINERIES QTY COST TOTAL SALVAGE USEFUL ANNUAL TOTAL
PER COST VALUE LIFE DEPRECIATION DEPRECIATION
UNIT
Property, Plant and Equipment
Factory 1 2,700,000 2,700,000 270,000 50 48,600 48,600
building
Office building 1 300,000 300,000 30,000 50 5,400 5,400
Weigh batcher 1 45,000 45,000 4,500 10 4,050 4,050
Grinder & 1 300,000 300,000 30,000 10 27,000 27,000
Mixer
Drying 1 390,000 390,000 39,000 10 35,100 35,100
Machine
Brick kiln 1 134,500 134,500 13,450 10 12,105 12,105
Delivery Truck 2 260,000 520,000 52,000 10 46,800 46,800
179,055
Depreciation Schedule
EQUIPME QT COS TOTA SALVA USEF ANNUAL TOTAL
NT Y T L GE UL DEPRECIATI DEPRECIATI
PER COS VALUE LIFE ON ON
UNIT T
Projector 1 3,550 3,550 355 5 639 639
Air 2 13,50 27,00 2,700 5 4,860 4,860
Conditione 0 0
r
Computer 2 15,00 30,00 3,000 5 5,400 5,400
0 0
Telephone 2 670 1,340 134 5 241.2 241.2
Printer 1 2,340 2,340 234 3 702 702
Vacuum 1 2,800 2,800 280 3 840 840
Cleaner
12,682.2

Depreciation Schedule
FURNITU QT COS TOTA SALVA USEF ANNUAL TOTAL
RE & Y T L GE UL DEPRECIATI DEPRECIATI
FIXTURE PER COS VALUE LIFE ON ON
S UNIT T
Office 9 850 7,650 765 5 1,377 1,377
Chair
Office 9 900 8,100 810 5 1,458 1,458
Table
2,835

Formula:
Annual Depreciation Expense
= (Asset cost – Salvage Cost)/ Useful life
Total Depreciation Expense
= Per Depreciation * Units Produced
 Gathering of
raw materials
Flow Chart

Weigh Batcher

Inspection

Grinding and
Mixing

Inspection

Moulding

Inspection

Drying

Inspection

Firing

Inspection
Storage
 The Carabricks production process will begin at the preparation of all the
necessary raw materials the carabao dung, cement and sand. Next it will go to a weigh
batcher to measure specified amounts of sand and cement to ensure that concrete is
batched correctly. These instruments weigh materials before they are place in a mixer,
so that the correct concrete mix can be obtained. The following procedure is the grinding
and mixing the pulverized ingredients are mixed together with carabao dung and water.
The next step is drying most of this water is evaporated in dryer chambers to remove
excess moisture. During firing the dried bricks are burned to certain degree temperature.
In this stage, the bricks will gain hardness and strength so it is important stage in
manufacturing of bricks. Every manufacturing process will have quality control. After all
the process all carabricks will be place at the storage.

Manufacturing Process
1. Preparation of raw materials

The Carabricks production process will be start at gathering all the raw
materials carabao dung, cement and sand.

2. Weigh batcher

The raw materials will go to a weigh batcher for extensively weighing

production of the controlled concrete. The batcher is provided with discharge
chutes for efficient discharge of aggregate in the mixer hopper. It is equipped with
three bins for raw material. This machine is use for sand and cement.

3. Grinding and Mixing

The grinding and mixing will be in a fine crushed mix with carabao dung and
water.

4. Moulding

The clay is thrown into a mould, a mould release medium prevents the
carabao dung from sticking to the box it can be a sand, oil or water. The excess
clay is struck off from the top of the mould and the bricks are turned out. In its most
simple form this is done by hand of our brick moulders who would produce one
brick at a time. Moulding and coloring at the same time.

5. Drying
 Drying involves the removal of water from the wet brick in such a way as to
dry them out evenly from inside out.

6. Firing

During firing, bricks undergo a physical change. Clay particles and

impurities are fused together to produce a hard durable and weather resistant
product.
Inspection
Inspection will be at every manufacturing process to where all bricks are check for
quality assurance for the same size and shape.
Storage
After the last process all the carabricks will be put at the storage room.

Production Capacity
At the plant level, the rate of production is estimated at about 2,500 pieces of
carabricks per day. Based on a 293-working-day-year, the expected yearly plant
production is 612,500 pieces of carabricks.

Plant Location
S1XBRICKS CORPORATION Main Office and Factory will be located at #44 (lot
7-block 2) Brgy. Balungao, Municipality of Calumpit, 3003 Bulacan.
We choose Calumpit, Bulacan as the location of our Business for it is nearby the
highway and establishments so people can easily recognize our building. Also it is a first
class urban component city in the Philippines. Forty-five (45 kilometres) north of Manila
that provides easy access on different provinces.
 The plant is located at #44 (Lot 7-Block 2) Brgy. Balungao, Municipality of Calumpit,
3003 Bulacan.

Plant Size

The land where our office and manufacturing area is approximately 600 sq.m. A
very simple building may suffice our initial start-up this will house the manufacturing plant
and store. The main considerations will be the security of the equipment and availability
of connections to water & electrical supplies. The building will have to design along factory
production lines allowing smooth transition of raw materials into completed products
ready for movement to curing areas. An appropriate warehouse for storing blocks away
from environmental effects will be also required.

600 sq.m
Plant Layout
30 meters

Restroom Restroom
Storage Room

Drying
Brickkiln
Machine
20 meters

Grinder & Weigh

Mixer batcher
4 meters

600 sq.m

C.R C.R
2 meters
. .
11.5 meters 11.5 meters
5 meters
Projected Production Schedule

8:00AM- 9:00AM- 10:00AM- 11:00AM- 12:00NN- 1:00PM- 2:00PM- 3:00PM- 4:00PM-

9:00AM 10:00AM 11:00AM 12:00NN 1:00PM 2:00PM 3:00PM 4:00PM 5:00PM
Hours Method Time Allotted Procedure
8:00AM - 9:00AM Attendance 1 hour Attendance of the
Preparation of Raw employees in the
Materials office.

Gathering of all
necessary materials
carabao dung,
cement, newspaper
and sand for
grinding and mixing.
8:00AM - 2:00PM Weigh Batcher 1 hour The batcher is
provided with
discharge chutes for
efficient discharge of
aggregate in the
mixer hopper. It is
equipped with three
bins for raw material.
10:00AM - 3:00PM Grinding and Mixing 1 hour The following
procedure is the
grinding and mixing
it will be in a fine
crushed mix with
carabao dung and
water.
11:00AM - 4:00PM Moulding 1 hour he clay is thrown into
a mould, a mould
release medium
prevents the clay
from sticking to the
box it can be a sand,
oil or water.
12:00PM - 1:00PM LUNCH BREAK
11:00PM – 4:00PM Drying 1 hour The next step is
drying it involves the
removal of water
from the wet brick in
such a way as to dry
them out evenly
from inside out.
12:00PM - 4:00PM Firing 1 hour During firing, bricks
undergo a physical
change. Clay
particles and
impurities are fused
together to produce
a hard durable and
weather resistant
product.
Inspection

Every manufacturing process there will be inspection.

4:00PM - 5:00PM Factory Cleaning

Waste Management, Safety Measures And Chemical Treatment

As a Corporate Business, it is our sole responsibility to manage the waste
materials and have environmental awareness. SIXBR1CKS CORPORATION intention is
to maintain and improve disposal waste management, minimize the environmental
impacts and increase the reuse and recycling of used materials.
Here are the 5’s philosophies that our business practices:
Systematized
 Things inside the production and administration are organize for convenience.
Sort
 Segregate the waste products according to biodegradable, non- biodegradable
and things that can be recycled.
 Assess all the construction waste. If there are most waste products, gather it in a
single place.
Sanitized
 Our business is engaged in a type of construction supply thus we will evaluate our
waste for its physical and hazard characteristic. Mismanaged waste, especially
hazardous waste, may endanger human health and environment. We make sure
all of our workers would wear their protective gears, proper uniform and having
their personal hygiene.
Sweep
 SIXBR1CKS CORPORATION Janitors are responsible in cleaning the working
area, preventing it from getting dry.
Sustain
 Training of employees on appropriate waste segregation.
The waste hierarchy consists of three methods of handling waste.
These are:

 Reuse - We will maintain and repair our machinery and equipment in order
to save money, will not have to be throw out and replaced as frequently.
 Recycle -We will have process of collecting and processing of recyclable
materials that would be throw away as trash and turning them into new
products. This reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills, conserves
natural resources such as water and minerals and saves energy.
 Dispose – The water waste is disposed underground septic tank so that the it will
not harm any person in the Corporation.