Health, Education, Social Protection News & Notes 22/2010

Health, Education, Social Protection
News & Notes 22/2010

A bi-weekly newsletter supported by GTZ
(Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit)
24 October 2010
You can download back issues (2005 - 2010) of this newsletter at:
http://german-practice-collection.org/en/links/newsletters/hesp-news-and-notes
Table of Contents:
BOOKS ................................................................................ 4
The Global Gender Gap Report 2010 ..................................................................................... 4
Global Experience of Community Health Workers for Delivery of Health Related Millennium
Development Goals................................................................................................................. 4
Designing and Implementing Health Care Provider Payment Systems: How-To Manuals .... 4
The World's Women 2010: Trends and Statistics ................................................................... 5
Basic epidemiology ................................................................................................................. 5
ONLINE PUBLICATIONS .................................................... 5

HIV - AIDS - STI ........................................................................................................... 5
Cuba’s HIV/AIDS Strategy: An Integrated, Right-Based Approach ........................................ 5
HIV/AIDS among men who have sex with men and transgender populations in South-East
Asia.......................................................................................................................................... 6
Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV - Protecting This Generation and the Next 6
Antiretroviral Treatment for Children with Peripartum Nevirapine Exposure .......................... 6
The global pediatric antiretroviral market: analyses of product availability and utilization
reveal challenges for development of pediatric formulations and HIV/AIDS treatment in
children .................................................................................................................................... 7
HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge and Self-Reported Sexual Behaviour of Secondary School
Students in Southern Malawi: Implications of AIDS Education and Counselling.................... 7
Sexual & Reproductive Health ..................................................................................... 7
Making the case for interventions linking sexual and reproductive health and HIV in
proposals to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria ................................. 7
Safe abortion care (SAC) toolkit.............................................................................................. 8
Misoprostol and medical abortion in Latin America and the Caribbean.................................. 8
Population and Environment: Where We're Headed and What We Can Do .......................... 8
Maternal & Child Health ............................................................................................... 9
A Review of Progress in Maternal Health in Eastern Europe and Central Asia...................... 9
Gender, women and primary health care renewal: A discussion paper ................................. 9
Exploring Evidence for Disrespect and Abuse in Facility-Based Childbirth ............................ 9
2010 Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger.......................................................... 10
The Potential of Medical Abortion to Reduce Maternal Mortality in Africa: What Benefits for
Tanzania and Ethiopia?.........................................................................................................10
Violence Against Children: Corporal punishment - National and International Perspectives10
Malaria........................................................................................................................ 11
Welcome to MWJ: the MalariaWorld Journal ........................................................................ 11
Universal access to malaria medicines: innovation in financing and delivery....................... 11
The incidence of malaria in travellers to South-East Asia: is local malaria transmission a
useful risk indicator?.............................................................................................................. 11
Adult and child malaria mortality in India: a nationally representative mortality survey........ 12
Challenges to implementation of artemisinin combination therapy policy in Uganda ........... 12
Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Three Regimens for Prevention of Malaria: A
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Ugandan Schoolchildren ..................................... 12
HESP-News & Notes - 22/2010 - page 1

Tuberculosis ............................................................................................................... 13
The global plan to stop TB 2011-2015: Transforming the fight towards elimination of
tuberculosis ........................................................................................................................... 13
Managing MDR-TB in the community: from presentation to cure or end-of-life care............ 13
Women and TB: Taking a look at a neglected issue............................................................. 13
Tuberculosis case-contact research in endemic tropical settings: design, conduct, and
relevance to other infectious diseases .................................................................................. 14
Other Infectious Diseases .......................................................................................... 14
Working to overcome the global impact of neglected tropical diseases ............................... 14
Roundtable on Healthcare & Emergency Service Sector Pandemic Preparedness............. 14
Hospital preparedness checklist for pandemic influenza ...................................................... 15
The Infection Attack Rate and Severity of 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in Hong Kong.. 15
Schistosomiasis elimination: lessons from the past guide the future.................................... 15
Essential Medicines.................................................................................................... 16
Registering New Drugs: The African Context ....................................................................... 16
Gezonde scepsis (Healthy scepticism): Public information as a marketing tool................... 16
Differential Pricing for Pharmaceuticals ................................................................................ 16
Southern Med Review - Vol. 3 Issue 2, October 2010.......................................................... 17
Social Protection ........................................................................................................ 17
Bridging the hunger gap with cash transfers: experiences from Malawi............................... 17
Conditional Cash Transfers to Improve Education and Health: An Ex ante Evaluation of Red
de Protección Social, Nicaragua ........................................................................................... 17
Health financing reform in Uganda: How equitable is the proposed National Health
Insurance scheme? ............................................................................................................... 17
Human Resources...................................................................................................... 18
Taking Forward Action on Human Resources for Health in Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique
and Zambia: Synthesis and Measures of Success ............................................................... 18
Task shifting in Mozambique: cross-sectional evaluation of non-physician clinicians'
performance in HIV/AIDS care.............................................................................................. 18
Achieving the MDGs by Investing in Human Resources for Health...................................... 18
Health Systems & Research ...................................................................................... 19
Health systems strengthening: a common classification and framework for investment
analysis.................................................................................................................................. 19
Health services strengthening in Africa - research is a key component ............................... 19
Modelling the estimated resource requirements of alternative health care financing reforms
in South Africa ....................................................................................................................... 19
Cancer control in developing countries: using health data and health services research to
measure and improve access, quality and efficiency............................................................ 20
Improving health systems: working together, with malaria as an entry point........................ 20
Private Sector Participation and Health System Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa ......... 20
Progress or PR? How to report clinical trials......................................................................... 21
Information & Communication Technology ................................................................ 21
Information Economy Report 2010: ICTs, Enterprises and Poverty Alleviation.................... 21
The World in 2010: ICT Facts and Figures ........................................................................... 21
10 years of Malaria Journal: how did Open Access change publication patterns?............... 22
Education ................................................................................................................... 22
Teacher Education through Open and Distance Learning.................................................... 22
Corruption and education ...................................................................................................... 22
Gender and social exclusion ................................................................................................. 23
Harm Reduction and Drug Use .................................................................................. 23
Making Harm Reduction Work for Women: The Ukrainian Experience ................................ 23
Global Health.............................................................................................................. 23
The Global Health System: Institutions in a Time of Transition ............................................ 23
Millennium Development Goals.................................................................................. 24
Narrowing the Gaps to Meet the Goals................................................................................. 24
Shooting Down the MDGs: How irresponsible arms transfers undermine development goals
............................................................................................................................................... 24
Development Assistance............................................................................................ 24
Can Donors be Flexible within Restrictive Budget Systems? Options for Innovative
Financing Mechanisms.......................................................................................................... 24
Innovation and the Development Agenda ............................................................................. 25

Others......................................................................................................................... 25
State of World Population 2010 - From Conflict to Crisis and Renewal: Generations of
Change .................................................................................................................................. 25
Why Urban Health Matters: World Health Day 2010 ............................................................ 25
Sterilization Manual for Health Centers................................................................................. 26
ELECTRONIC RESOURCES ............................................ 26

Youth InfoNet 72 - September 2010 ..................................................................................... 26
IGWG Gender and Health eToolkit ....................................................................................... 26
INTERESTING WEB SITES .............................................. 26

The South-South Gateway on Social Protection................................................................... 26
EduSud: ICT in Education in Africa Portal ............................................................................ 27
TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES............................................ 27
22nd International Forum on Quality Improvement in Health Care....................................... 27
Working with Stakeholder Dialogues .................................................................................... 27
Advocacy Campaign in Health (ACH) ................................................................................... 28
Time to get in Shape - Erasmus Winter Programme 2011 ................................................... 28
CONFERENCES................................................................ 28
HIV Care & Support: A Roadmap to Universal Access by 2010........................................... 28
CARTOON ......................................................................... 29
TIPS & TRICKS ................................................................. 29

What email client is recommended for Windows 7 users? ................................................... 29
Switch your Search in Firefox ............................................................................................... 30
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BOOKS
The Global Gender Gap Report 2010
by Ricardo Hausmann, Laura D. Tyson, Saadia Zahidi

World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland 2010
334 pp. 16.5 MB(!):

http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gendergap/report2010.pdf
The 2010 report brings together five years worth of data. It finds that out of the 114
countries covered over this time period 86% have narrowed their gender gaps, while
14% are regressing. It is hoped this report will serve as a call to action to the interna-
tional community to pool its knowledge and resources and to leverage the current
unique window of opportunity so that faster progress can be achieved. Every moment
that we wait entails colossal losses to the global society and economy.
***
Global Experience of Community Health Workers for Delivery of Health Re-

lated Millennium Development Goals
A Systematic Review, Country Case Studies, and Recommendations for
Integration into National Health Systems
by Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Zohra S. Lassi, George Pariyo et al.

Global Health Workforce Alliance, World Health Organization, October
2010
391 pp. 5.9 MB:

http://www.who.int/entity/workforcealliance/knowledge/publications/CHW_FullReport_2010.pdf
Human resources for health crisis is one of the factors underlying the poor performance
of health systems to deliver effective, evidence-based interventions for priority health
problems, and this crisis is more critical in developing countries. Participation of com-
munity health workers (CHWs) in the provision of primary health care has been experi-
enced all over the world for several decades, and there is an amount of evidence show-
ing that they can add significantly to the efforts of improving the health of the population,
particularly in those settings with the highest shortage of motivated and capable health
professionals.
***
Designing and Implementing Health Care Provider Payment Systems: How-

To Manuals
Editors John C. Langenbrunner, Cheryl Cashin, Sheila O’Dougherty

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World
Bank, 2009
348 pp. 6.2 MB:

http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADR996.pdf
Strategic purchasing of health services involves a continuous search for the best ways
to maximize health system performance by deciding which interventions should be pur-
chased, from whom these should be purchased, and how to pay for them. The book has

chapters on three of the most effective provider payment systems: primary care per cap-
ita (capitation) payment, case-based hospital payment, and hospital global budgets. It
also includes a primer on a second policy lever used by purchasers, namely, contract-
ing.
***
The World's Women 2010: Trends and Statistics
Editors Srdjan Mrkić, Tina Johnson, Michael Rose

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), Oc-
tober 2010
284 pp. 7.6 MB:

http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/lib.nsf/db900sid/ASAZ-
8AFGUW/$file/DESA_Oct2010.pdf?openelement
The book presents statistics and analysis on the status of women and men in the world,
highlighting the current situation and changes over time. Analyses are based mainly on
statistics from international and national statistical agencies. The report covers several
broad policy areas – population and families, health, education, work, power and deci-
sion-making, violence against women, environment and poverty.
***
Basic epidemiology
2nd edition
by R. Bonita, R. Beaglehole, T. Kjellström

World Health Organization, 2006
226 pp. 2.2 MB:

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2006/9241547073_eng.pdf
The second edition of this popular textbook provides an introduction to the principles
and methods of epidemiology. Since publication of the first edition in 1993, Basic epi-
demiology has become a standard reference for education, training and research in the
field of public health and has been translated into more than 25 languages. It is used
widely, for training public health and environment professionals, undergraduate medical
students, and students in other health professions.
ONLINE PUBLICATIONS
HIV - AIDS - STI
Cuba’s HIV/AIDS Strategy: An Integrated, Right-Based Approach
by Connor Gorry
Oxfam International, 2008
46 pp. 3.2 MB:

http://www.oxfam.org.uk/resources/policy/health/downloads/rr_c
uba_hiv_aids_strategy.pdf
This paper discusses the Cuban approach to HIV, which like the nation’s public health

system, is founded on the principal that health is a human right. In practice, this trans-
lates into a continuum of care through universal access to primary, secondary, and terti-
ary health services, government commitment to equalizing and improving social deter-
minants, and scientific research and development aimed at advancing population
health.
***
HIV/AIDS among men who have sex with men and transgender populations
in South-East Asia
The Current Situation and National Responses
by Venkatesan Chakrapani, Peter A Newman, Shaleen Rakesh et al.

World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, 2010
166 pp. 1.9 MB:

http://203.90.70.117/PDS_DOCS/B4568.pdf
Same-sex behaviour is identified in all societies. However, in the South-East Asia Re-
gion, the majority of men who have sex with men and transgender persons are highly
stigmatized and discriminated against. There are an estimated 4-5 million men who
have sex with men; among the transgender population, the number is less clear. Many
of them are involved in high risk sexual behaviours that put them at risk for HIV infec-
tion, resulting in a high and increasing HIV prevalence in several countries of the Re-
gion. Control of HIV infections among these populations is thus an urgent public health
priority.
***
Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV - Protecting This Genera-

tion and the Next
by Marc Lallemant and Gonzague Jourdain

N Engl J Med 2010; 363:1570-1572; October 14, 2010
3 pp. 115 kB:

http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMe1009863
Among the 2.1 million HIV-infected children, virtually all were infected during pregnancy,
delivery, or breast-feeding. Since 2002, the number of newly infected children has de-
clined, probably owing to increased implementation of interventions for the prevention of
mother-to-child transmission of HIV and the global stabilization of HIV prevalence
among women. With these advances, new challenges have surfaced.
***
Antiretroviral Treatment for Children with Peripartum Nevirapine Exposure
by Paul Palumbo, Jane C. Lindsey, Michael D. Hughes et al.

N Engl J Med 363;16, October 14, 2010
11 pp. 428 kB:

http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa1000931
Among children with prior exposure to single-dose nevirapine for perinatal prevention of
HIV transmission, antiretroviral treatment consisting of zidovudine and lamivudine plus
ritonavir-boosted lopinavir resulted in better outcomes than did treatment with zi-
dovudine and lamivudine plus nevirapine. Since nevirapine is used for both treatment

and perinatal prevention of HIV infection in resource-limited settings, alternative strate-
gies for the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child, as well as for the
treatment of HIV infection, are urgently required.
***
The global pediatric antiretroviral market: analyses of product availability

and utilization reveal challenges for development of pediatric formulations
and HIV/AIDS treatment in children
by Brenda Waning, Ellen Diedrichsen, Elodie Jambert et al.

BMC Pediatrics 2010, 10:74 (17 October 2010)
42 pp. 266 kB:

http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2431-10-74.pdf
Pediatric ARV markets are more fragile than adult markets. Ensuring a long-term supply
of quality, well-adapted ARVs for children requires ongoing monitoring and improved
understanding of global pediatric markets and what can be done to accelerate children's
access to HIV/AIDS care. A close dialogue is needed between clinicians making selec-
tion and prescribing decisions, supply chain staff dealing with logistics, donors, interna-
tional organizations, and pharmaceutical manufacturers to better match country-based
demand with global supply and donor policies.
***
HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge and Self-Reported Sexual Behaviour of Sec-

ondary School Students in Southern Malawi: Implications of AIDS Educa-
tion and Counselling
25 pp. 149 kB:

http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/1009/HIV%20AIDS%20related%20
knowledge.doc
By Dixie W. Maluwa-Banda
Chancellor College, University of Malawi, 2010
The general aim of this study is to assess levels of HIV-related knowledge and risk be-
haviour among secondary school students in southern Malawi. A survey of 1,400 stu-
dents revealed that while students had basic knowledge about HIV transmission and
prevention, misconceptions about the virus remained. The author advocates for the
strengthening of HIV education and service provision among high school students.
Sexual & Reproductive Health
Making the case for interventions linking sexual and reproductive health
and HIV in proposals to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and
Malaria
by Mike Mbizvo, Francis Ndowa, Sarah Johnson et al.

30 pp. 279 kB:

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2010/WHO_RHR_10.02_eng.pdf

This document is designed to provide support for those who are writing HIV-related pro-
posals to be submitted to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
(Global Fund). It focuses upon specific sexual and reproductive health interventions that
build upon successes and make good programmes even better through a holistic ap-
proach to HIV. This approach provides opportunities to reduce unintended pregnancy
and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, as well as maternal and new-
born morbidity and mortality.
***
Safe abortion care (SAC) toolkit
by Ipas, June 2010
Download Toolkit files at:

http://www.ipas.org/Publications/Safe_abortion_care_SAC_toolkit_%5BCD%5D.aspx
The Safe Abortion Care (SAC) approach is designed to help health managers and pro-
viders plan and monitor the delivery of services most critical for reducing deaths and in-
juries from unsafe abortion. This SAC Toolkit contains the hands-on materials to imple-
ment the SAC approach.
***
Misoprostol and medical abortion in Latin America and the Caribbean
by Consorcio Latinoamericano Contra el Aborto Inseguro (CLACAI) and

Ipas, 2010
8 pp. 309 kB:

http://www.ipas.org/Publications/asset_upload_file495_5340.pdf
Close to 15,000 pregnancy-related deaths occur in Latin America and

the Caribbean each year. This publication discusses how the medicine misoprostol, a
proven technology for a variety of obstetric and gynecologic uses, can help save lives in
this region, where postpartum hemorrhage and incomplete abortion account for a large
portion of maternal deaths.
***
Population and Environment: Where We're Headed and What We Can Do
Population Action International and Population Justice Project, October

2010
4 pp. 654 kB:

http://www.populationaction.org/Publications/Fact_Sheets/Populat
ion_and_Environment/popenvguide.pdf
The guide breaks down population and environment connections in clear, accessible
language and demonstrates how universal access to family planning is an important as-
pect of environmental sustainability. The guide provides talking points on population and
the environment and tips on “words to watch” for those new to population and reproduc-
tive health issues.
***

Maternal & Child Health
A Review of Progress in Maternal Health in Eastern Europe and Central

Asia
Second Edition, July 2010
by Sue Newport and Ann Levin

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
157 pp. 1.4 MB:

http://eeca.unfpa.org/webdav/site/eeca/shared/documents/public
ations/2010/MaternalHealthPublicationSecondEditon%20A.pdf
The report provides a summary of progress achieved in maternal health in 20 countries

in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. It provides country-specific information, and aims to
help individual countries and the region a whole, analyze the state of maternal health,
promote dialogue about national priorities for maternal health and serve as a reference
for planning and programming maternal health interventions at the national level.
***
Gender, women and primary health care renewal: A discussion paper
by ‘Peju Olukoya and Sundari Ravindran

World Health Organization, July 2010
78 pp. 843 kB:

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241564038_eng.pdf
This discussion paper brings together evidence and experience from around the world
focusing on making health systems more gender responsive. There is a need to exam-
ine the various barriers as well as opportunities in order to make health systems work
better for women, which has been a special concern for several decades now, by using
a gender equality and health equity perspective.
***
Exploring Evidence for Disrespect and Abuse in Facility-Based Childbirth

Report of a Landscape Analysis
by Diana Bowser and Kathleen Hill

USAID-TRAction Project, Harvard School of Public Health, September 2010
57 pp. 947 kB:

http://www.hrcdproject.org/PDFs/Respectful%20Care%20at%20Birth%209-20-101%20Final.pdf
The primary purpose of the report is to review the evidence in published and gray litera-
ture with regard to the definition, scope, contributors, and impact of disrespect and
abuse in childbirth, to review promising intervention approaches, and to identify gaps in
the evidence. Despite the agreed importance among maternal health and human rights
stakeholders of achieving respectful, non-abusive birth care for all women, there has
been a relative lack of formal research around this topic.
***

2010 Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger
Focus on the Crisis of Child Undernutrition
by Klaus von Grebmer, Marie T. Ruel, Purnima Menon et al.

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), October 2010
56 pp. 3.4 MB:

http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/ghi10.pdf
As the world approaches the 2015 deadline for achieving the Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs) - which include a goal of reducing the proportion of hungry people by half
- the 2010 Global Hunger Index (GHI) offers a useful multidimensional overview of
global hunger. The 2010 GHI is the fifth in an annual series that records the state of
global, regional, and national hunger. The 2010 GHI shows some improvement over the
1990 GHI, falling by almost one-quarter, but overall the index for hunger in the world
remains at a level characterized as serious.
***
The Potential of Medical Abortion to Reduce Maternal Mortality in Africa:

What Benefits for Tanzania and Ethiopia?
by Rebecca F. Baggaley, Joanna Burgin, Oona M. R. Campbell

PLoS ONE 5(10): e13260 (11 October 2010)
9 pp. 1.2 MB:

http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObjectAttachment.action;jsessionid=C6EFA56F5F0EAC3B9912724B
80C1E78A.ambra01?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0013260&representation=PDF
Unsafe abortion is estimated to account for 13% of maternal mortality globally. Medical
abortion is a safe alternative. By estimating mortality risks for unsafe and medical abor-
tion and childbirth for Tanzania and Ethiopia, the authors modelled changes in maternal
mortality that are achievable if unsafe abortion were replaced by medical abortion.
***
Violence Against Children: Corporal punishment - National and Interna-

tional Perspectives
by Matthew Burnett, Hilary Blain, Cindy Cho et al.

Legal Assistance Centre, Windhoek, Namibia, 2010
120 pp. 3.3 MB:

http://www.crin.org/docs/CP_Monograph.pdf
The purpose of the report is to provide relevant information on corporal punishment to

policy-makers, stakeholders and other interested parties. It discusses research findings
on the impact of corporal punishment, the international and national framework which
surrounds corporal punishment and public opinion on the issue. The monograph also
reports how a range of countries have addressed the issue of corporal punishment in
their legal systems, to provide insight into options for addressing the issue of corporal
punishment in Namibia. Finally the monograph provides a chapter on alternatives to
corporal punishment.
***

Malaria
Welcome to MWJ: the MalariaWorld Journal
by Bart G.J. Knols, Editor-in-Chief

Dutch Malaria Foundation
2 pp. 82 kB:
http://www.malariaworld.org/sites/default/files/MWJ_2010_1_1.pdf
With hundreds of journals that publish articles on malaria it seems, a priori, not justified
to launch another journal with a focus on malaria. We nevertheless, based on consulta-
tion with many of the MalariaWorld users, have defined a number of compelling reasons
to proceed with the launch of the MWJ (the abbreviation of MalariaWorld Journal, by
which we hope the journal will become known).
***
Universal access to malaria medicines: innovation in financing and deliv-

ery
by Olusoji Adeyi and Rifat Atun

The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 11 October 2010
3 pp. 62 kB:
http://download.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673610611890.pdf?i
d=3d35b1b5aa0ec416:507e42e4:12bb5dad8c7:-72d11287246724471
Available evidence suggests that the traditional approach to development assistance for
malaria treatment, which puts most resources through the public sector alone, will not
achieve by 2015 Millennium Development Goal 6, of universal access to malaria treat-
ment. The “Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria” (AMFm) will test a new and comple-
mentary architecture of financing and development assistance for malaria drugs. As-
sessment of its first phase provides an opportunity to learn how well AMFm works and
how it compares with traditional models of financing.
***
The incidence of malaria in travellers to South-East Asia: is local malaria

transmission a useful risk indicator?
by Ron H Behrens, Bernadette Carroll, Urban Hellgren et al.

Malaria Journal 2010, 9:266 (4 October 2010)
35 pp. 205 kB:

http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/1475-2875-9-266.pdf
The presence of ongoing local malaria transmission, identified though local surveillance
and reported to regional WHO offices, by S-E Asian countries, forms the basis of na-
tional and international chemoprophylaxis recommendations in western countries. The
study was designed to examine whether the strategy of using malaria transmission in a
local population was an accurate estimate of the malaria threat faced by travellers and a
correlate of malaria in returning travellers.
***

Adult and child malaria mortality in India: a nationally representative mor-
tality survey
by Neeraj Dhingra, Prabhat Jha, Vinod P Sharma et al.

The Lancet, Published online October 21, 2010
7 pp. 4.5 MB:

http://download.thelancet.com/flatcontentassets/pdfs/PIIS0140673610608318.pdf
The authors aimed to estimate plausible ranges of malaria mortality in India, the most
populous country where the disease remains common. Plausible lower and upper
bounds were 125,000 - 277,000. Malaria accounted for a substantial minority of about
1,3 million unattended rural fever deaths attributed to infectious diseases in people
younger than 70 years. Despite uncertainty as to which unattended febrile deaths are
from malaria, even the lower bound greatly exceeds the WHO estimate of only 15,000
malaria deaths per year in India (5000 early childhood, 10,000 thereafter). This low es-
timate should be reconsidered, as should the low WHO estimate of adult malaria deaths
worldwide.
***
Challenges to implementation of artemisinin combination therapy policy in

Uganda
by Vincent Batwalaa, Pascal Magnussen, Fred Nuwaha

Int Health (2010), doi:10.1016/j.inhe.2010.07.002
7 pp. 182 kB (Free registration required):

http://www.malarianexus.com/articles/read/88/challenges-to-
implementation-of-artemisinin-combination-therapy-policy-in-uganda/
Uganda launched an artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) policy in 2006, using arte-
mether-lumefantrine (AL) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria, but insuffi-
cient information is available regarding its implementation. This study shows the major
challenges to use of ACTs in Uganda, that are related to drug stock outs, non availabil-
ity of ACTs in the private for profit sector, continued use of ineffective antimalarials and
treatment of every patient with fever as malaria.
***
Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Three Regimens for Prevention of Ma-

laria: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Ugandan Schoolchildren
by Joaniter Nankabirwa, Bonnie Cundill, Sian Clarke et al.

9 pp. 368 kB:

http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObjectAttachment.action;jsessionid=642A030CC1E4BBA32FAD
698C0FD83E2B.ambra02?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0013438&representation=PDF
Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) is a promising malaria control strategy; however,

the optimal regimen remains unclear. The authors evaluated the efficacy, safety, and
tolerability of a single course of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), amodiaquine + SP
(AQ+SP) or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) among schoolchildren to inform IPT.
DP was the most efficacious and well-tolerated regimen tested, although AQ+SP ap-
pears to be a suitable alternative for IPT in schoolchildren. Use of SP for IPT may not be
appropriate in areas with high-level SP resistance in Africa.

Tuberculosis
The global plan to stop TB 2011-2015: Transforming the fight towards

elimination of tuberculosis
by Katherine Floyd, Christian Lienhardt, Malgorzata Grzemska et al.

100 pp. 3.8 MB:

http://www.stoptb.org/assets/documents/global/plan/TB_GlobalPl
anToStopTB2011-2015.pdf
This new action plan, for the first time, identifies all the research gaps that need to be
filled to bring rapid TB tests, faster treatment regimens and a fully effective vaccine to
market. It also shows public health programmes how to drive universal access to TB
care, including how to modernize diagnostic laboratories and adopt revolutionary TB
tests that have recently become available.
***
Managing MDR-TB in the community: from presentation to cure or end-of-

life care
by Theo Smart
HIV & AIDS Treatment in Practice, Issue 166, 18 October 2010
11 pp. 245 kB:

http://www.aidsmap.com/pdf/resources/hatip/HATIP-167-October-18th-
2010/page/1523026/
This HATiP looks at the sequence of care of a person with, or suspected of having drug-
resistant TB, from case detection to cure or, when a cure cannot be achieved, through
end-of-life care - an aspect of care which has been overlooked by TB control pro-
grammes and clinical research.
***
Women and TB: Taking a look at a neglected issue
ACTION (Advocacy to Control TB Internationally), 2010
8 pp. 228 kB:

http://c1280432.cdn.cloudfiles.rackspacecloud.com/Women__Tuberculosis.pdf
Though tuberculosis is the third leading killer of adult women worldwide, TB has long
been neglected as a women’s health issue. Women face particular barriers to diagnosis
and care, and their experience of the disease can be different than men’s. In this brief,
ACTION reviews the evidence regarding women and TB and provides recommenda-
tions for accelerating the response by integrating TB services with those for maternal
and child health and by increasing collaboration on advocacy between the infectious
disease and the maternal and child health communities.
***

Tuberculosis case-contact research in endemic tropical settings: design,
conduct, and relevance to other infectious diseases
by Philip C Hill and Martin OC Ota

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 10, pp. 723-732, October 2010
10 pp. 226 kB:

http://download.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laninf/PIIS147330991070164X.pdf?i
d=e16241398b8eb460:7c9b863:12ba70fc649:-6391287002611766
The study of the contacts of patients with tuberculosis has a long history. Where tuber-
culosis is endemic, regular recruitment of tuberculosis cases and their household con-
tacts can be done for research and strategic intervention. This recruitment provides a
platform whereby host, pathogen, and environmental factors related to tuberculosis can
be investigated and new interventions can be assessed.
Other Infectious Diseases
Working to overcome the global impact of neglected tropical diseases
by Lorenzo Savioli and Denis Daumerie

World Health Organization, October 2010
184 pp. 2.4 MB:

http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/2010report/NTD_2010rep
ort_embargoed.pdf
Neglected tropical diseases blight the lives of a billion people worldwide and threaten
the health of millions more. Wider recognition of the public health significance of ne-
glected tropical diseases and better knowledge of their epidemiology have stimulated
necessary changes in public health thinking to approach and achieve control. This re-
port presents evidence to demonstrate that activities undertaken to prevent and control
neglected tropical diseases are producing results – and that achievements are being
recognized.
***
Roundtable on Healthcare & Emergency Service Sector Pandemic Prepar-

edness
Canadian Standards Association (CSA), June 2010
42 pp. 231 kB:

http://www.csa.ca/cm?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobkey=
id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1241708779869&ssbinary=true
The H1N1 virus led to the first global influenza pandemic experienced in over 40 years.
While the current 2006 Canadian Pandemic Influenza Plan seemed to have been a step
in the right direction for mitigating serious illness and overall deaths during this mild in-
fluenza pandemic outbreak, many believe that more can be done in the event of future,
more moderate or severe influenza pandemics. Gaps exist in our pandemic planning for
these types of scenarios. The CSA Roundtable discussion, therefore, focused on the
challenges and opportunities faced by the healthcare and emergency service sectors
about pandemic preparedness in Canada.

Hospital preparedness checklist for pandemic influenza
Focus on pandemic (H1N1) 2009
by Roberta Andraghetti, Christophe Pierre Bayer, Caroline Sarah

Brown et al.
WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2009
36 pp. 1.0 MB:

http://www.euro.who.int/%5F%5Fdata/assets/pdf%5Ffile/0004/7
8988/E93006.pdf
Hospitals play a critical role within the health system in providing essential medical care
to the community, particularly during a crisis, such as an epidemic or a pandemic. To
enhance the readiness of the health facilities to cope with the challenges of an epi-
demic, a pandemic or any other emergency or disaster, hospital managers need to en-
sure the initiation of relevant generic priority action. This document aims to provide a
checklist of the key action to carry out in the context of a continuous hospital emergency
preparedness process.
***
The Infection Attack Rate and Severity of 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in
Hong Kong
by Joseph T. Wu, Edward S. K. Ma, Cheuk Kwong Lee et al.

Clinical Infectious Diseases 2010;51:1184-1191 (15 November 2010)
8 pp. 353 kB:

http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/656740
Almost half of all school-aged children in Hong Kong were infected during the first wave
of the 2009 pandemic of H1N1 influenza. Case-fatality rates were 0.4 cases per
100,000 infections in individuals aged 5-14 years and 26.5 cases per 100,000 infections
in individuals aged 50-59 years.
***
Schistosomiasis elimination: lessons from the past guide the future
by Darren J Gray, Donald P McManus, Yuesheng Li et al.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Vol. 10, Issue 10, pp. 733-736, October 2010
4 pp. 661 kB:

http://download.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laninf/PIIS1473309910700992.pdf?id
=e16241398b8eb460:7c9b863:12ba70fc649:-6391287002611766
Schistosomiasis is a major neglected tropical disease, with more than 200 million people
infected and close to 800 million at risk. The anthelmintic drug praziquantel is highly ef-
fective in killing adult schistosome worms, but it is unable to kill developing schisto-
somes and so does not prevent reinfection. The authors put forward an argument that
donor funds would be more effectively spent on the development of a multi-faceted, in-
tegrated control programme, which would have a greater and longer lasting effect on
disease transmission than the current chemotherapy-based programmes.
***

Essential Medicines
Registering New Drugs: The African Context

New tools for new times
by Mary Moran, Javier Guzman, Alina McDonald et al.

Health Policy Division, The George Institute For International Health
January 2010
38 pp. 3.7 MB:

http://www.dndi.org/images/stories/advocacy/regulatory-
report_george-institute-dndi_jan2010.pdf
This report, commissioned from the George Institute for International Health by Drugs
for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi), reviews the various mechanisms and strate-
gies available today to support the registration of new drugs for neglected tropical dis-
eases (NTDs) in developing countries and offers recommendations to further address
this issue.
***
Gezonde scepsis (Healthy scepticism): Public information as a marketing

tool
by Sandra van Nuland and Zamire Damen

Dutch Institute for Rational Use of Medicine, April 2010
42 pp. 2.3 MB:

http://www.gezondescepsis.nl/images/stories/downloads/rap_gs_p
ublic_information_20100929_s.pdf
This report describes ways in which pharmaceutical companies provide the public with
information about diseases and conditions. It provides an overview of the various meth-
ods used, and the impact that public information campaigns can have. The aim of this
report is to demonstrate how companies use public information campaigns about dis-
eases and conditions as tools to market their medicines.
***
Differential Pricing for Pharmaceuticals

Review of current knowledge, new findings and ideas for action
by Prashant Yadav
MIT-Zaragoza International Logistics Program, Zaragoza Logistics Center, Spain, Au-
gust 2010
57 pp. 759 kB:

http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Documents/publications1/prd/diff-pcing-pharma.pdf
Adapting drug prices to the purchasing power of consumers in different geographical or

socio-economic segments could potentially be a very effective way to improve access to
medicines for people living in low and middle-income countries. A well-implemented dif-
ferential pricing system could also lead to increase in sales for pharmaceutical manufac-
turers.
***

Southern Med Review - Vol. 3 Issue 2, October 2010
An International Journal to Promote Medicine Use and Access Research
39 pp. 1.5 MB:

http://www.fmhs.auckland.ac.nz/sop/smr/_docs/SMR_Vol3_Issue2.pdf
Southern Med Review provides a platform for researchers to disseminate

commentary and empirical research findings, with a view to improve the ra-
tional use of and access to essential medicines.
Social Protection
Bridging the hunger gap with cash transfers: experiences from Malawi
by Pierson R. T. Ntata
Development in Practice, Volume 20, Number 3, May 2010
6 pp. 100 kB:

http://www.oxfam.org.uk/resources/downloads/bridging-hunger-
cash-transfers-malawi.pdf
This article discusses the implementation of a cash-for-work programme designed to

bridge the hunger gap in Malawi, highlighting its value and drawing lessons for practitio-
ners with regard to the various components of the programme such as design, targeting,
and timing, as well as challenges.
***
Conditional Cash Transfers to Improve Education and Health: An Ex ante

Evaluation of Red de Protección Social, Nicaragua
by Ranjeeta Thomas
University of York Health Economics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Paper 10/04,
March 2010
25 pp. 1.1 MB:

http://www.york.ac.uk/res/herc/documents/wp/10-04.pdf
This paper uses baseline data from the randomized experiment of the conditional cash
transfer program - Red de Protección Social, Nicaragua to conduct an ex ante evalua-
tion and compares results to those of the experimental evaluation. The sample consists
of children aged 7-13 who have not completed grade 4. The evaluation shows that the
ex ante approach closely matches the experimental outcomes in the case of girls and
over predicts the impact for boys.
***
Health financing reform in Uganda: How equitable is the proposed National

Health Insurance scheme?
by Juliet Nabyonga Orem and Charlotte Muheki Zikusooka

International Journal for Equity in Health 2010, 9:23 (13 October 2010)

15 pp. 132 kB:
http://www.equityhealthj.com/content/pdf/1475-9276-9-23.pdf
Uganda is proposing introduction of the National Health Insurance scheme (NHIS) in a

phased manner with the view to obtaining additional funding for the health sector and
promoting financial risk protection. In this paper, the authors have assessed the pro-
posed NHIS from an equity perspective, exploring the extent to which NHIS would im-
prove existing disparities in the health sector.
Human Resources
Taking Forward Action on Human Resources for Health in Ethiopia, Kenya,

Mozambique and Zambia: Synthesis and Measures of Success
by James Campbell, Dykki Settle, Barbara Stilwell et al.

The Capacity Project, IntraHealth International, Inc., January 2010
4 pp. 159 kB:

http://www.intrahealth.org/~intrahea/files/media/taking-forward-action-on-human-resources-for-health-in-
ethiopia-kenya-mozambique-and-zambia-synthesis-and-measures-of-success/TFA_HRH_Synthesis_alt.pdf
The shortage of human resources for health (HRH) in Sub-Saharan Africa has been
recognised since the 1980s. Evidence suggests that maternal, child and infant mortality
rates significantly decline with an increase of qualified health workers. In a collaboration
between International Health Partnership+, PEPFAR and the Ministries of Health in
Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique and Zambia the leaders announced their intent to in-
crease the number of health workers in these four countries as a down payment to
reach the goal of an additional 1.5 million health workers in Africa.
***
Task shifting in Mozambique: cross-sectional evaluation of non-physician

clinicians' performance in HIV/AIDS care
by Paula E Brentlinger, Americo Assan, Florindo Mudender et al.

Human Resources for Health 2010, 8:23 (12 October 2010)
36 pp. 174 kB:

http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/pdf/1478-4491-8-23.pdf
Many resource-constrained countries now train non-physician clinicians in HIV/AIDS

care, a strategy known as ‘task-shifting.’ There is as yet no evidence-based international
standard for training these cadres. Further research is required to define clinically effec-
tive methods of health-worker training to support HIV/AIDS care in Mozambique and
similarly resource-constrained environments.
***
Achieving the MDGs by Investing in Human Resources for Health
Health Workforce Advocacy Initiative, June 2010
32 pp. 335 kB:

http://physiciansforhumanrights.org/library/documents/report
s/achieving-mdgs-by-investing-in-hrh.pdf

The February 2010 report from the UN Secretary-General on progress towards the
MDGs recognizes that health workers are of “paramount importance to speed up pro-
gress where current trends make achievement of the Millennium Development Goals
unlikely.” In many countries, one of the greatest obstacles to achieving the health MDGs
is the deep and persistent shortage of health workers. This report outlines what can be
done to overcome these challenges.
Health Systems & Research
Health systems strengthening: a common classification and framework for

investment analysis
by George Shakarishvili, Mary Ann Lansang, Vinod Mitta et al.

Health Policy Plan. (2010). First published online: October 14, 2010
11 pp. 153 kB:

http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2010/10/14/heapol.c
zq053.full.pdf+html
Availability of a common framework for tracking donor investments in health systems

strengthening (HSS) would make it possible to comparatively analyze donors’ contribu-
tions to strengthening specific aspects of countries’ health systems in multi-donor-
supported HSS environments. The paper proposes an analytical framework for tracking
donor investments in HSS, as a departure point for further discussions.
***
Health services strengthening in Africa - research is a key component
by Shabbar Jaffar, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Philip Onyebujoh et al.

Tropical Medicine and International Health, Vol. 15, No. 11, pp. 1270-
1273, November 2010
4 pp. 51 kB:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-
3156.2010.02626.x/pdf
Sub-Saharan Africa has the weakest health systems and the highest disease burden.
Given current resource constraints, there is an urgent need to invest more in research to
maximise the impact of health interventions. A vastly improved evidence base is needed
on how to implement and scale-up interventions of proven efficacy and how to deliver
health services more effectively within the current infrastructure, i.e. to optimise existing
health service delivery.
***
Modelling the estimated resource requirements of alternative health care

financing reforms in South Africa
by Di McIntyre
Health Economics Unit, University of Cape Town, October 2010
51 pp. 573 kB:

http://uct-heu.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/SHIELD-
Modelling-report-final.pdf

The purpose of this report is to try to present models that could be helpful in assessing
alternative health care financing reforms in South Africa. It is part of an ongoing re-
search project that has critically evaluated equity in the existing health system and alter-
native options for the possible future development of health care financing mechanisms.
The models draw on international best practice for making ‘high‐level’ estimates of the
likely resource implications of substantial health financing system changes.
***
Cancer control in developing countries: using health data and health ser-
vices research to measure and improve access, quality and efficiency
by Timothy P Hanna and Alfred CT Kangolle

BMC International Health and Human Rights 2010, 10:24 (13 October 2010)
31 pp. 236 kB:

http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1472-698x-10-24.pdf
Cancer is a rapidly increasing problem in developing countries. Without an understand-

ing of cancer services and access to these services in developing countries, effective
cancer control programs cannot be developed or sustained. There is an urgent need to
improve health services for cancer control in developing countries. Current resources
and needed investments must be optimally managed. To this end, national, regional and
international collaboration and political leadership are needed.
***
Improving health systems: working together, with malaria as an entry point
Funded by Irish Aid and implemented by Malaria Consortium, 2010
12 pp. 706 kB:

http://www.malariaconsortium.org/userfiles/file/MC%20Publications%
20and%20Brochures/Malaria%20Consortium%20Clover%20Project.pdf
The Clover programme has been running for seven years and focuses
on Health System Strengthening (HSS) using malaria as an entry point. This work has
generated important experiences and results by using a pragmatic, flexible and context-
sensitive approach.
***
Private Sector Participation and Health System Performance in Sub-

Saharan Africa
by Joanne Yoong, Nicholas Burger, Connor Spreng, Neeraj Sood

9 pp. 900 kB:

http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchObjectAttachment.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F
10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0013243&representation=PDF
The role of the private health sector in developing countries remains a much-debated
and contentious issue. Critics argue that the high prices charged in the private sector
limits the use of health care among the poorest, consequently reducing access and eq-
uity in the use of health care. Supporters argue that increased private sector participa-

tion might improve access and equity by bringing in much needed resources for health
care and by allowing governments to increase focus on underserved populations. How-
ever, little empirical exists for or against either side of this debate.
***
Progress or PR? How to report clinical trials
by T.V. Padma
Science and Development Network, 30 September 2010
Read online at: http://email.scidev.net/t/29987/4584985/11240/0/
How do you identify a well-performed trial, or uncover the dangers of exploitation which
happens all too frequently, especially when trials are performed in developing coun-
tries? This guide provides you with information on phases of clinical trials and their
setup. You will find a checklist to help you prepare your article, as well as useful tips on
how to assess academic papers and statistics.
Information & Communication Technology
Information Economy Report 2010: ICTs, Enterprises and Poverty Allevia-

tion
by Torbjörn Fredriksson, Cécile Barayre, Scarlett Fondeur Gil et al.

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Oc-
tober 2010
172 pp. 1.3 MB:

http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/ier2010_embargo2010_en.pdf
The Report 2010 centres on the theme of “Information and communication technologies
(ICTs), enterprises and poverty alleviation”, examining the possible implications for pov-
erty reduction of production and enhanced use of ICTs by domestic businesses.
***
The World in 2010: ICT Facts and Figures
by Sanjay Acharya and Susan Teltscher

International Telecommunication Union (ITU), October 2010
8 pp. 1.8 MB:

http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/material/FactsFigures2010.pdf
ITU’s latest statistics reveal that the number of Internet users worldwide doubled in the
past five years and will surpass the two billion mark in 2010. The number of people hav-
ing access to the Internet at home has increased from 1.4 billion in 2009 to almost 1.6
billion in 2010. While high-speed Internet is still out of reach for many people in low-
income countries, mobile telephony is becoming ubiquitous, with access to mobile net-
works now available to over 90% of the global population.
***

10 years of Malaria Journal: how did Open Access change publication pat-
terns?
by Marcel Hommel
Malaria Journal 2010, 9:284 (14 October 2010)
18 pp. 785 kB:

http://www.malariajournal.com/content/pdf/1475-2875-9-284.pdf
Fifteen years ago, most publications were paper-based, accessible only by subscription.
By the late 1990s, this ‘traditional’ mode of access to scientific literature was about to
change dramatically, as the result of the development of Open Access. This Editorial,
written as Malaria Journal reaches its 10th birthday, looks at the impact of the Open Ac-
cess movement on publication in the field of tropical medicine in general and malaria in
particular.
Education
Teacher Education through Open and Distance Learning
by Tian Belawati, Hilary Burgess, Patrick Alan Danaher et al.

Commonwealth of Learning. 2010
199 pp. 3.1 MB:

http://www.col.org/PublicationDocuments/pub_PS_TeacherEd_web.pdf
This report examines the application of Open and Distance Learning

(ODL) to meet the urgent need for more teachers. ODL, with the use of innovative in-
formation and communication technologies and media, can train teachers more readily
than conventional approaches. However, adopting ODL requires new thinking about
learning and teaching strategies, applications, costs and other practicalities.
***
Corruption and education
by Muriel Poisson
International Academy of Education and International Institute for Educa-
tional Planning, 2010
39 pp. 1.6 MB:

http://www.iiep.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Info_Services_Publi
cations/pdf/2010/EdPol_11.pdf
This booklet deals with the issue of corruption in the education sector. How can we de-
fine corruption in education? How can we assess the magnitude of malpractices in the
sector? How can we improve transparency and accountability in each of the domains of
educational planning and management (such as financing, public procurement, teacher
management, and examinations)? The booklet addresses these questions in order to
help countries develop more appropriate strategies to detect, reduce, and control cor-
rupt practices, thus contributing to more efficient and equitable education systems.
***

Gender and social exclusion
by Marlaine Lockheed
International Academy of Education and International Institute for Educa-
tional Planning, 2010
37 pp. 1.7 MB:

http://www.iiep.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Info_Services_Pub
lications/pdf/2010/EdPol_12.pdf
This booklet is about the combined effects of gender and social exclusion on student
participation and performance in basic education. How extensive is the problem? Why is
it important? What education policies act as hidden barriers? Which policies have been
effective in reaching and teaching socially excluded girls, and which ones have not? The
booklet addresses these questions in order to help countries to: adopt education poli-
cies and practices targeted at girls from socially excluded groups, meet their Millennium
Development Goals for Education, and achieve the social and economic benefits of
girls’ education.
Harm Reduction and Drug Use
Making Harm Reduction Work for Women: The Ukrainian Experience
by Sophie Pinkham, Anna Shapoval, Olga Rychkova et al.

International Harm Reduction Development Program, March 2010
44 pp. 1.3 MB:

http://www.soros.org/initiatives/health/focus/ihrd/articles_publicatio
ns/publications/harm-reduction-women-ukraine_20100429/harm-
reduction-women-ukraine_20100429.pdf
UNAIDS estimates that 35 percent of women living with HIV in Eastern Europe and
Central Asia acquired the virus through injecting drug use, and a further 50 percent
were infected through unsafe sex with partners who inject drugs. Ukrainian programs
have made great strides in responding to the HIV epidemic among injecting drug users,
introducing syringe exchange programs, substitution treatment, ARV treatment, and
programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission, but to date these programs have
rarely succeeded in fully accounting for the needs of women drug users.
Global Health
The Global Health System: Institutions in a Time of Transition
by William C. Clark, Nicole A. Szlezak, Suerie Moon et al.

Center for International Development at Harvard University, January 2010
24 pp. 651 kB:

http://www.hks.harvard.edu/var/ezp_site/storage/fckeditor/image/center-
programs/cid/publications/193.pdf
The traditional actors on the global health stage - most notably national health minis-
tries, the World Health Organization (WHO) and a relatively small group of national
medical research agencies and foundations funding global health research - are now

being joined (and sometimes challenged) by a variety of newer actors: civil society and
nongovernmental organizations, private firms, and private philanthropists, and an ever-
growing presence in the global health policy arena of low- and middle-income countries,
such as Kenya, Mexico, Brazil, China, India, Thailand, and South Africa.
Millennium Development Goals
Narrowing the Gaps to Meet the Goals
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), September 2010
12 pp. 317 kB:

http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Narrowing_the_Gaps_to_Meet_the_Goals
_090310_2a.pdf
A new UNICEF study has arrived at a surprising and significant conclusion: An equity-
based strategy can move us more quickly and cost-effectively towards meeting Millen-
nium Development Goals 4 and 5 – reduce child mortality and improve maternal health
– than our current path, with the potential of averting millions of maternal and child
deaths by the 2015 deadline.
***
Shooting Down the MDGs: How irresponsible arms transfers undermine

development goals
Oxfam Briefing Paper, October 2008
29 pp. 663 kB:

http://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/bp120%20Shooting%20down%2
0the%20MDGs_FINAL%201Oct08.pdf
Irresponsible arms transfers are undermining many developing countries’ chances of

achieving their Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets. This paper shows new
evidence of how this is happening in parts of Asia, Latin America, and Africa – either by
draining governments’ resources or by fuelling armed violence or conflict. Governments
and their citizens urgently need a strong Arms Trade Treaty to ensure that all states in-
volved in an arms transfer consider the impact of that transfer on the MDGs and sus-
tainable development.
Development Assistance
Can Donors be Flexible within Restrictive Budget Systems? Options for

Innovative Financing Mechanisms
by Benjamin Leo
Center for Global Development, October 2010
27 pp. 696 kB:

http://www.cgdev.org/files/1424497_file_Leo_Budget_Systems_Paper_FINAL.pdf
This paper focuses on how budgetary scorekeeping systems affect governments’ ability
or willingness to support innovative development finance initiatives and explores several
options to overcome the restrictions the systems often impose. There are possible ap-

proaches that may merit further exploration by donor governments that want to support
specific innovative development finance initiatives but are constrained by existing budg-
etary systems.
***
Innovation and the Development Agenda
Edited by Erika Kraemer-Mbula and Watu Wamae

International Development Research Centre (IDRC), 2010
Read online (147 pp.) at: http://www.idrc.ca/openebooks/501-4/
This book examines the role of innovation in developing countries, with

a focus on Africa. It investigates innovation systems and their applica-
tion; the key role of knowledge in innovation for development; and the
importance of comparable country studies and official statistics on innovation. It stresses
the need for innovation to become part of a comprehensive development agenda, and
makes recommendations for promoting activities in both the formal and informal sectors.
Others
State of World Population 2010 - From Conflict to Crisis and Renewal:

Generations of Change
by Barbara Crossette , Upala Devi, Laura Laski et al.

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), October 2010
116 pp. 3.6 MB:

http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/lib.nsf/db900sid/ASAZ-
8AEGXB/$file/UNFPA_Oct2010.pdf?openelement
The State of World Population 2010 explores how conflict and protracted humanitarian
emergencies affect women and girls - and men and boys - and shows how many
women and young people have overcome seemingly insurmountable obstacles and
have begun rebuilding their lives and laying the foundation for peace and renewal of
their societies.
***
Why Urban Health Matters: World Health Day 2010
28 pp. 6.1 MB:

http://www.who.int/world-health-day/2010/media/whd2010background.pdf
The aim of World Health Day 2010 is to draw attention to urbanization and health, rec-
ognizing that in an increasingly urbanized world, health issues present new challenges
that go far beyond the health sector and require action at the global, national, commu-
nity, and individual levels. World Health Day 2010 is not seen as an event in and of it-
self, but as the launch of the year-long focus on the issue.
***

Sterilization Manual for Health Centers
by Silvia I. Acosta-Gnass and Valeska de Andrade Stempliuk

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), 2009
179 pp. 3.0 MB:

http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADT378.pdf
The sterilization plant plays a very important role in the prevention of

hospital acquired infections, which have been associated with the inappropriate disinfec-
tion of reusable objects including endoscopic devices, respiratory care devices, trans-
ducers and reusable hemodialysis devices. This manual has been published in order to
inform health workers about the simple protocols and procedures that have been devel-
oped to prevent hospital acquired infections inside and outside the sterilization plant.
ELECTRONIC RESOURCES
Youth InfoNet 72 - September 2010
http://www.youthwg.org/pubs/YouthInfoNet/YIN72.shtml
This issue of the monthly e-newsletter on youth reproductive health and HIV prevention
features nine program resources with Web links, and 14 journal article summaries on
research from Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mexico, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, and
the general sub-Saharan African region.
***
IGWG Gender and Health eToolkit
http://www.k4health.org/toolkits/igwg-gender
The Interagency Gender Working Group (IGWG) is pleased to announce the launch of
the IGWG Gender and Health eToolkit. The eToolkit brings together an enormous
wealth of gender resources in one location. The purpose of the eToolkit is to provide
practical, “how-to” methodologies and tools on gender that are designed to move health
practitioners and managers from awareness and commitment to direct application and
practice in policy and program design, implementation, research, capacity building and
monitoring and evaluation.
INTERESTING WEB SITES

The South-South Gateway on Social Protection
http://south-south.ipc-undp.org/
The South-South Gateway on Social Protection was launched recently in South Africa
as a global platform for social protection practitioners to share knowledge and experi-
ences. The new South-South Learning Gateway on Social Protection is an online col-
laborative tool aiming to create open, independent and critical networks to exchange
experiences across regions and countries.
***

EduSud: ICT in Education in Africa Portal
http://www.edusud.org/spip.php?lang=en
The EduSud portal is designed to help teachers in Africa explore “Open and Distance
Learning” and to provide them with tools, advice, references, educational resources,
and other materials for integrating technologies.
TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES
22nd International Forum on Quality Improvement in Health Care
5 - 8 December, 2010
Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI)
Orlando, FL, USA
Course Content: Recognize habits that support good care and apply the
basic principles for improving them; define ways to reduce suffering and
improve health; develop an understanding of how to transform an or-
ganization; identify elements for creating a culture of change that will lead to continuous
improvement.
Target Audience: Health care leaders, people committed to improving health care.
Language: English - Fees: USD 1,106 to 1,206
For more information contact:

agramse@ihi.org
or see:
http://www.ihi.org/IHI/Programs/ConferencesAndSeminars/22ndAnnualNationalForumon
QualityImprovementinHealthCare.htm?player=wmp
***
Working with Stakeholder Dialogues
7 - 10 December 2010, Potsdam, Germany
Well-structured stakeholder processes are at the core of many development efforts, be it

health sector reforms, food security or natural resource management. The stakeholder
approach is a method that strengthens the commitment of involved actors to common
goals - by building trust-based relationships between stakeholders
 through finding effective ways of engaging stakeholders into a result-oriented and
constructive collaboration;
 by harvesting collective knowledge and individual expertise;
 through ensuring outcome-orientation and commitment for implementation
Contact: Male Thienken

Collective Leadership Institute e. V.
Eisenhartstr. 2
14469 Potsdam, Germany
Phone: +49-331-505-8865; Fax: +49-331-505-8863
germany@collectiveleadership.com
http://www.collectiveleadership.com/english/educational_programs/stakeholder_dialogu
es/working_with_stakeholder_dialogues.html

Advocacy Campaign in Health (ACH)
13 - 17 December, 2010
Dhurakij Pundit University (DPU), Bangkok, Thailand
Course Content: Enhance technical skills and practices of health advocacy leaders;
learn the process of conducting media advocacy for health promotion; creating commu-
nity partnerships for advocacy; developing effective advocacy campaigns in health by
the use of social marketing and media. The course consists of in-house sessions, prac-
tical assignments and case studies from various health sectors.
Language: English, Fees: USD 1,500
Entry Requirements: Professional/management positions in the development of ongoing

advocacy campaigns for development projects or designated consultants involved in
health advocacy. Adequate proficiency in English.
For more information contact:

Tel.: +66-2-954-9512
Fax: +66-2-591-3154
mailto:adcc@adcc-dpu.org
or see: http://www.dpu.ac.th/adcc/page.php?id=6460
For more courses and conferences see also:

http://www.going-international.at/index.php?lang=EN
***
Time to get in Shape - Erasmus Winter Programme 2011
January 17th - February 4th, 2011

Rotterdam, the Netherlands
The Erasmus Winter Programme offers 13 courses in Clinical Research taught by lead-
ing international experts in the health sciences.
The programme provides courses for those particularly interested in clinical trials, in
drug safety research, and in decision making in clinical medicine. It also includes vari-
ous courses in biostatistics. Participants can enroll for 1, 2 or 3 weeks.
For more information see: http://www.erasmuswinterprogramme.nl/
CONFERENCES
HIV Care & Support: A Roadmap to Universal Access by 2010
9-10 November, 2010 - London, UK

Hosted by the UK Consortium on AIDS and International Development
The goal of this conference is to highlight why HIV care and support and caregivers are
critical to achieving Universal Access and key goals in broader health and development
agendas and to make concrete recommendations for the scale up of care and support
to 2015, with a particular focus on Africa.

For more information, go to:
http://www.aidsconsortium.org.uk/Care&Support/Care&Support_Conference2010.htm
CARTOON
TIPS & TRICKS

What email client is recommended for Windows 7 users?
If you are looking for a desktop email client for Windows 7, there are definitely a few
good choices available to you. And two of the best are free:
Windows Live Mail:

http://explore.live.com/windows-live-mail?os=other
Windows Live Mail is a free download from the Windows Live site, and it is basically an
updated version of Outlook Express. With Windows Live Mail you can easily add ac-
counts from your online email accounts. Hotmail, Gmail, Yahoo! Mail and many more
are supported. In fact, if you have one of each of these accounts, with Windows Live
Mail you can view all your emails from all your accounts in one place.
It has a built-in calendar that will let you schedule events and appointments, an RSS
reader to catch up on your favourite feeds, and it will link up with your Windows Live ac-
count if you have photos stored online that you would like to forward to friends and fam-
ily. You can even use it to export your online emails so that you have backup copies on
your hard drive.
Overall, it is a great mail client for Windows 7 users. It is reliable, easy to use, and has
all the features that you could want from a desktop email client.

Mozilla Thunderbird:
http://www.mozillamessaging.com/en-US/thunderbird/
Another great free option for Windows 7 is Mozilla’s Thunderbird. Version

3.1 of this open source email client is a vast improvement on previous in-
carnations of this popular program. It is much more stable, has fewer bugs, and is
packed full of useful features.
With Thunderbird you can add new contacts with one click of the star next to the
sender's name, and you can open messages in tabs just like your browser does. Ever
forgot to add an attachment to your email? Thunderbird will remind you to add it if it
sees the word ‘attachment’ in the text of your email. It is also compatible with a large ar-
ray of Mozilla add-ons, and will automatically update itself to the latest and most secure
version.
And the winner is…
The truth is, the best email client often comes down to personal preference. Both of
these programs are great, free options for Windows 7, but if you are not sure which one
to go with, download them both, try them out, and see which one suits you the best.
***
Switch your Search in Firefox
If you are a Mozilla Firefox user, then you are probably familiar with the little search box
in the upper right-hand corner of your
browser window. It allows you to per-
form a search without having to
browse to a particular search engine to
do so.
You will also notice that Google is the

default search provider, as noted by
the little “G” icon. But what if you like
Yahoo? Or what if you want to search
for a product on eBay or Amazon? It is
easy to change your search provider.
Just click on the little arrow next to the
icon and select the search provider you would like to use from the drop-down list. Now
you can search for all kinds of stuff without skipping all over the Internet to do so.
Best regards,
Dieter Neuvians MD

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Health, Education, Social Protection

News & Notes 22/2010

ONLINE PUBLICATIONS .................................................... 5

HESP-News & Notes - 22/2010 - page 1

HESP-News & Notes - 22/2010 - page 2

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES ............................................ 26

INTERESTING WEB SITES .............................................. 26

TIPS & TRICKS ................................................................. 29

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