Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Diterbitkan oleh Faculty of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences Universitas Pelita Harapan
SUSUNAN REDAKSI
Internal Reviewer :
Ns. Belet Lydia Ingrit, S.Kep., M.Kep, Sp.Kep.Mat Grace Solely Houghty, MBA., M.Kep
Carielle Joy Vingno Rio., PhD. Marisa Junianti Manik BSN, M.Kep
Christine Louise Sommers, MN, RN, CNE. Dr. Ni Gusti Ayu Eka
Ns. Elysabeth Sinulingga.M.Kep.,Sp.Kep.MB. Riama Marlyn Sihombing S.Kp., M. Kep.
Eva Berthy Tallutondok, Dipl. PHN., MSc. Yakobus Siswadi, BSN, MSN.
Evelyn A.Luna, BSN.,MPH.,MN
External Reviewer :
Chatarina Dwiana, BSN, M.Kep (Institusi: STIKES Sint. Carolus, Jakarta)
Ns.Dame Elysabeth T.,M.Kep.,Sp.Kep., MB (Institusi: Akademi Kesehatan Swakarsa-UKRIDA, Jakarta)
Ns. Dora Samaria, S.Kep., M.Kep (Institusi: Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Program Studi Keperawatan
UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL “Veteran”, Jakarta)
Ns. Lina Mahayaty, S.Kep., M.Kep, Sp.Kep An ( Institusi : STIKES William Both)
Maria Lupita Nena Meo, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kep (Institusi: STIKES Citra Husada Mandiri, Kupang)
Renata Komalasari, S.Kp., MANP (Institusi : STIKES Tarumanegara, Jakarta)
Stefanus Mendes Kiik, M.Kep.,Sp.Kep.Kom (Institusi : STIKES Maranatha, Kupang)
Alamat Redaksi
Gedung FK-FON UPH Lt.4 - Jend. Sudirman Boulevard No. 15
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Telp. (021) 54210130 ext.3439/3401
Faks (021) 54203459
Email: nursingcurrent@uph.edu
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REMARKS
As I have had opportunity to attend nursing and healthcare conferences, a common topic has
been interprofessional education and cooperation. As nurses, we are part of a healthcare
team that includes several other healthcare disciplines, as we all work together to provide
holistic care to patients and their families. At times, part of that healthcare team will include
the discipline of psychology. And in this edition, we have an article from that discipline that
explores facilitating spirituality in children with intellectual disabilities. Another article
explores reducing falls in older adults. Both articles were literature reviews.
Other articles in this edition explore aspects of nursing care practices regarding medication
administration, patient assessment, and patient safety. The other articles focus on nursing
students and developing a syllabus specific to English needed for nurses, exploring healthy
patterns of behavior and academic performance, and exploring nursing students’
experiences in an online course.
As you contemplate how you might contribute to the nursing profession and holistic care,
I encourage you to consider writing an article for the next issue of “Nursing Current”. Invite
other healthcare team colleagues to consider writing an article. Or even better, write a joint
article with authors representing several healthcare disciplines. Please consider sharing your
work.
I pray that God will continue to guide us as we seek to serve Him in nursing.
Executive Dean,
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Pelita Harapan
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KATA PENGANTAR
Pemimpin redaksi,
v
iii
DAFTAR ISI
Susunan Redaksi i
Remarks ii
Kata Pengantar iii
Daftar Isi iv
Pengalaman Perawat Dalam Melakukan Pengkajian Pasien Baru di Satu Rumah Sakit 24
Swasta di Indonesia Bagian Barat
Experience Of Nurses in Conducting Assessment on New Patients in One Of The Private
Hospitals in West Indonesia
Grace Ivo, Marisa Manik, Oberlin Simamora
Deskripsi Pengetahuan Perawat Tentang Identifikasi Pasien Yang Benar di Satu Rumah 68
Sakit Swasta Indonesia Bagian Tengah
The Descriptive Study on Nurses' Knowledge Of The Right Identification Of Patients in
A Private Hospital In Central Indonesia
Ramot Helpri Natalius Pandiangan, Yenni Ferawati Sitanggang, Theresia
Petunjuk Penulisan 75
Informasi Jurnal 85
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A LITERATURE REVIEW: FACILITATING SPIRITUALITY IN
CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Jessica Ariela
Lecturer, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Pelita Harapan
Email: jessica.ariela@uph.edu
ABSTRACT
Children with intellectual disabilities are often treated as having less value. Increased awareness of holistic
personhood, however, brought questions to the need to facilitate spirituality in these children, besides
facilitating the development of other aspects. Previous studies argued that children with intellectual
disabilities have potentials to develop spiritually despite the very few studies addressing the spirituality in
children with intellectual disabilities. This literature review, then, aims to explore methods and interventions
to facilitate spirituality in children with intellectual disabilities, through a comprehensive analysis and
synthesis of the themes drawn from existing literatures and research studies. After the analysis and synthesis
process, four themes emerged for intervention methods to facilitate spiritual development in intellectually
challenged children, which are: narratives (from Scripture and personal narratives); symbols, liturgies, and
rituals; arts and kinesthetic learning; and community, group, and social support. Further research studies,
especially using quantitative methods, are encouraged to be conducted in the future in order to assess the
efficacy of each method of interventions.
having “lesser value,” “undesirable,” and studies and interventions are dedicated for
trauma, and abuse; even in some Western these children, for example, the research on
as the awareness of equality in human have also been applied and proven to be
Butman (2011), calling this holistic as play therapy (Astramovich, Lyons, &
model, promote holistic understanding of (McRay, Yarhouse, & Butman, 2016), and
Individual Educational Program (IEP) in
There are many definitions of spirituality. from mild to severe. The term “intellectual
Spirituality, from both psychology and disabilities” used in this review is not
searching for the sacred (Thomas, 2008). Developmental Disorder as described in the
Children with intellectual disabilities also scope, participants, and suitability to the
have soul and reflect the image of God, and aim of this literature review (on the
Dennis, R. (2002).
Paper report How playback theater can facilitate expression and 3, 4, 6
development of spirituality for a small group of
people with intellectual disabilities?
Francis, M. R. (1994).
Book chapter How should church view sacrament for people 2, 5
with intellectual disability?
Hauerwas, S. (1995).
Book chapter, essay To explain the challenge and the function of 2, 3, 4, 5
church in serving mentally handicapped people.
Thomas, C. N. (2008).
Doctoral dissertation What is the description of relationships between 4
cognitive deficits and spiritual development in
individuals who qualified for special education
under the category of Specific Learning
Disability?
Vogelzang, A. (2001).
Journal article What are the rationale and process for a worship 1, 2, 3, 6
service conducted with people with severe mental
disabilities and multiple disabilities?
Watts, G. (2011).
Conceptual paper To what extent is it a co-requisite of spiritual 1, 5
growth that one has to have a given intellectual
capacity?
Webster, J. (2004).
Journal article Are we envisioning an equal cooperation between 4
our intellectual (or cognitive) and emotional
(affective) faculties, or is a more intuitive
approach required?
Most supported themes are use of merged as the use of symbols, liturgies, and
community and group settings (five rituals (making it supported by four
articles) and use of narratives (five articles), articles). Personal relationship, however,
followed by use of arts and kinesthetic viewed as the foundational principle in
learning (four articles). Two themes working with children with intellectual
(language of symbols; liturgy and rituals) disabilities. Results presented in Table 2.
seem similar in ways they use symbols,
Table 2
Methods of Interventions to Scaffold or Promote Spirituality in Children with Intellectual Disability
Coding no. Methods (Themes – Updated) Number of articles
6 Community, group, and social support 5
4 Narratives (both from Scripture and personal narratives) 5
3 Arts and kinesthetic learning 4
2, 5 The use of symbols, liturgies, and rituals 4
Community, Group, and Social Support (Volgezang, 2001), small group to share
Almost all articles specify interventions in stories, encouragement, and service
group settings, such as group setting in learning to learn social issues around them
drama/playback theater (Dennis, 2002), (Zhang, 2010), and school-wide organized
church community (pastors, ministers, activities for staff to better address spiritual
parents) in taking part in sacraments issues in children in special education
(Francis, 1994), liturgical group celebration settings (Zhang, 2010). Some groups even
personhood. This statement stands true even created us with cognitive processes, “so
for children with intellectual disability. then He would appeal to His creation
support facilitating spirituality in children (Thomas, 2008). The same thing also
with intellectual disability. They found that applied for affection. God created us with
cognition and affection are interrelated and affection, so then He would appeal through
person will not compartmentalized each Saroglou (2011) through one of the
2004). Love (in Thomas, 2008, p. 39) also the affective dimension of spirituality.
spiritual development, though because they with meaning-making process (Park, 2005).
where they would be significantly divergent which they learn through affective
objectives to provide spiritual resources for to appreciate events and language, and
There are two kinds of knowing – the stories through preaching, Scripture
scientific knowing and the artistic-symbolic reading, and personal testimony might
difficulties to comprehend scientifically, the domain that helps one to have mental
group settings and community as social further research this topic using
mental health workers (counselors, the efficacy of each method using quasi-
psychologists, psychiatrists, nurses, social experimental design might add value to the
workers) who are working with children topic of spirituality in children with
REFERENCES
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental
disorders (5th Ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Astramovich, R. L., Lyons, C., & Hamilton, N. J. (2015). Play therapy for children with
intellectual disabilities. Journal of Child and Adolescent Counseling, 1(1), 27-36.
doi: 10.1080/23727810.2015.1015904.
Calvin, J. (2007). Institutes of the Christian religion (Revised edition). Peabody, MA:
Hendrickson Publishers, Inc.
Dennis, R. (2002). Seen and heard: Using playback theatre to explore spirituality for people
with intellectual disability. Applied Theatre Researcher, 3(8/5). Retrieved from
www.theatroedu.gr/portals/38/.../DENIS_Seen%20and%20Heard.doc
Easom, M. & Irwin, D. (2007). Serving learning disabled students in Christian schools: A
program management manual for teachers and administrators. Colorado Springs,
CO: Purposeful Design Publications.
Jones, S. L. & Butman, R. E. (Eds.). (2011). Modern psychotherapies. Downers Grove, IL:
InterVarsity Press.
Saroglou, V. (2011). Believing, Bonding, Behaving, and Belonging: The big four religious
dimensions and cultural variations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(8),
1320-1340.
Vogelzang, A. (2001). Liturgical celebration with people with a severe mental disability:
Giving the Gospel hands and feet. In W. C. Gaventa, Jr. & D. L. Coulter (Eds.),
Spirituality and intellectual disability: International perspectives on the effect of
culture and religion on healing body, mind, and soul. Binghamton, NY: The
Haworth Press, Inc.
Webster, J. (2004). Religious education for children with severe learning difficulties:
Constructing a framework, finding a medium, exploring a story. Support for
Learning, 19(3), 119-124. doi: 10.1111/j.0268-2141.2004.00333.x
Zhang, K. C. & Wu, D. I. (2012). Nurturing the spiritual well-being of children with special
needs. Support for Learning, 27(3), 119-122. Retrieved from
http://mistie.cogbill.net/files/9013/7894/9916/Religion_Disabilities_Child_800262
95.pdf
ABSTRAK
Ketidakseimbangan merupakan salah satu faktor terjadinya jatuh pada lanjut usia (lansia). Oleh karena itu,
upaya meningkatkan keseimbangan pada kelompok lansia perlu terus dipertahankan. Tujuan kajian literatur ini
adalah menggali artikel yang mengidentifikasi upaya meningkatkan keseimbangan untuk mengurangi risiko
jatuh pada lansia. Artikel penelitian didapatkan dari dua database yaitu Google Scholar dan PubMed.
Pencarian literatur menggunakan kata kunci berikut (baik dalam Bahasa Indonesia maupun Bahasa Inggris):
upaya meningkatkan keseimbangan (efforts to improve balance), risiko jatuh (risk of falls), dan lansia (older
people/elderly) dengan kriteria inklusi tahun penerbitan 2007 – 2017, artikel primer, artikel berbahasa Inggris
dan Indonesia, artikel full text, dan subyek penelitian lansia. Dari 237 artikel yang diperoleh, enam artikel di-
review karena memenuhi semua kriteria inklusi dan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Terhadap enam artikel ini
kemudian dilakukan penilaian kritis (critical appraisal). Data kemudian dianalis menggunakan simplified
thematic analysis. Tema yang muncul dari kajian literatur ini sebagai berikut: jenis-jenis latihan fisik yang
dapat meningkatkan keseimbangan, yaitu jalan tandem, latihan Swiss Ball, latihan fisik/ physical exercise, dan
Hatha yoga. Berdasarkan hasil review artikel ini, dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang seberapa efektif
masing-masing upaya ini dapat mengurangi risiko jatuh pada lansia secara umum.
ABSTRACT
Imbalance is one of the factors of falling in older population. Therefore, efforts to improve the balance in
older people should be sustained. This was a literature review with objectives to explore articles that identify
efforts to improve balance to reduce the risk of falling in older people. Literature search used two databases
i.e. Google Scholar and PubMed. Keywords used were efforts to improve balance, risk of falls, and older
people or elderly. Inclusion criteria included articles published from 2007 to 2017, primary articles, English
and Indonesian articles, full text, and involving older people as research subjects. Of 237 articles identified
using the word search, six articles were reviewed. The themes that arised from the review consisted of various
efforts to improve balance on older people included the tandem path, Swiss Ball exercises, physical exercise
and Hatha yoga. Based on the results of this article review, further research is needed to examine the
effectiveness of each of these efforts in reducing the risk of falls in the older people.
yang dialami oleh setiap manusia. Menua fungsi keseimbangan dan hal ini mulai
merupakan proses menghilangnya secara terjadi pada usia 60 tahun baik pada pria
perlahan kemampuan jaringan tubuh untuk maupun wanita (Tuunainen et al, 2013).
Swiss Ball Pemberian latihan peningkatan keseimbangan dengan Swiss Ball dapat
dilakukan dengan menggunakan sebuah bola berukuran besar, latihan Swiss Ball
mempunyai validitas untuk memperkuat dan meningkatkan aktivasi otot.
Dibandingkan dengan perangkat konvensional lainnya exercise ball dinyatakan
lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan amlpitudo sinyal EMG (Electro Myo
Graphic) selama latihan otot-otot perut yang dikaitkan dengan input
proprioseptif. Peningkatan keseimbangan yang dilakukan dengan Swiss Ball
efektif dilakukan selama delapan minggu dengan tiga kali repetisi dalam satu
miggu. Swiss Ball berguna dalam meningkatkan latihan adaptasi regimen
terutama pada sistem saraf, respon pada adaptasi sistem saraf dapat meningkat
dengan keadaan tersebut dapat mengurangi risiko jatuh pada lansia.
Physical Physical exercise dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan media air atau yang
Exercise biasa disebut aquatic exercise therapy (AET). Gerakan yang diberikan pada
AET sama dengan gerakan kegiatan gym pada land exercise therapy (LET)
karena yang membedakan adalah dari penggunaan medianya. Air memiliki daya
apung sehingga membantu lansia untuk meringankan beban sendi saat
pemberian latihan pada lansia. Kegiatan gym dapat dilakukan dengan melompat,
peregangan, berjalan cepat, melempar dan menangkap bola, jongkok dan
berdiri, duduk dan bangkit dari kursi tanpa lengan. Kegiatan ini terbukti efektif
meningkatkan keseimbangan dengan pemberian intervensi selama empat sampai
enam minggu dengan tiga kali repetisi. Kegiatan gym dapat melatih anggota
gerak dalam melawan gravitasi dan menahan beban dari berat tubuh lansia itu
sendiri.
Hatha Yoga Hatha yoga terbukti efektif meningkatkan keseimbangan dalam waktu delapan
minggu dengan tiga kali repetisi dalam satu minggu. Hatha yoga dilakukan
dengan melibatkan koordinasi antara fisik, mental, dan emosional untuk
mengurangi risiko jatuh dan meningkatkan keseimbangan pada lansia. Hatha
yoga dilakukan dengan menggunakan media kursi dan dengan sikap asana.
Dengan hatha yoga gerakan-gerakan yang dihasilkan terkoordinasi dari otot-otot
tubuh sehingga diperoleh stabilitas dan fleksibilitas tubuh yang baik yang dapat
membantu meningkatkan keseimbangan.
Dari enam artikel yang sudah dikaji, perlakuan diberikan intervensi latihan jalan
empat tema muncul, meliputi jalan tandem, tandem dengan jarak 4,5 meter, dilakukan
latihan dengan Swiss Ball, physical dengan mata terbuka selagi menghitung
exercise, dan Hatha yoga. Artikel penelitian langkah dan berkonsentrasi serta dilakukan
(2010). Rentang umur lansia yang terdapat dan mengurangi risiko pada seorang lansia
dalam keenam artikel yaitu 60 – 80 tahun. dengan pemberian intervensi selama tiga
Lansia yang menjadi sampel dalam minggu dengan 10 kali repetisi. Menurut
penelitian tersebut merupakan lansia yang Batson et al (2009) jalan tandem dapat
tidak memiliki gangguan kesehatan. dilakukan dengan cara berjalan dalam satu
Latihan fisik dapat meningkatkan garis lurus dalam posisi tumit kaki
keseimbangan, dalam artikel Nugrahani menyentuh jari kaki yang lainnya sejauh 3-
menyatakan bahwa latihan fisik dengan keseimbangan postural bagian lateral, yang
keseimbangan dan menurunkan risiko jatuh pada lansia yang juga merupakan salah satu
pada seorang lansia. Dalam hasil penelitian dari jenis latihan keseimbangan (balance
hasil nilai p= 0,000. Hasil tersebut terhadap kestabilan tubuh. Hal ini sejalan
menunjukkan secara signifikan bahwa dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Syah
risiko jatuh terhadap seorang lansia. Latihan meningkat maka keseimbanganpun akan
jalan tandem yang terdapat dalam artikel meningkat dan mampu meminimalkan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Achmanagara, A.A., 2012. Hubungan faktor internal dan eksternal dengan keseimbangan
lanjut usia di Desa Pamijen Sokaraja Banyumas. Universitas Indonesia
Aveyard H. (2010). Doing a Literatur Review in Health and Social Care. A pratical guide
second edition. New York: McGraw hill education
Aveyard H. (2014). Doing a Literatur Review in Health and Social Care: A Practical
Guide 3rd Edition. New York: McGraw hill education. Diperoleh dari
https://books.google.co.id/books?id=qYdFBgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontco
ver&dq=helen+aveyard+2014&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjn96fhmO_MAhWBL
48KH RteAO4Q6AEIITA#v=onepage&q=helen%20aveyard%202014&f=false
Cho, K. H., Bok, S. K., Kim, Y. J., & Hwang, S. L. (2012). Effect of lower limb strength
on falls and balance of the elderly. Annals of rehabilitation medicine, 36(3),
386-393.
Cadore, E. L., Rodríguez-Mañas, L., Sinclair, A., & Izquierdo, M. (2013). Effects of
different exercise interventions on risk of falls, gait ability, and balance in
physically frail older adults: a systematic review. Rejuvenation research, 16(2),
105-114.
Da Costa, P., Wahyuni, N., Purnawati, S., & Dinata, I. M. K. PELATIHAN HATHA
YOGA MODIFIKASI DAPAT MENINGKATKAN KESEIMBANGAN
DINAMIS PADA LANJUT USIA DI DENPASAR TIMUR. Majalah Ilmiah
Fisioterapi Indonesia, 1(1).
Darmojo, B.(2009). Buku Ajar Geriatri (Ilmu Kesehatan Usia Lanjut). Jakarta:
FKUI
Depkes RI. 2013. Buletin Jendela Data dan Informasi Kesehatan. Jakarta: Kementerian
Kesehatan RI.
Depkes RI. (2016). Situasi Lanjut Usia (Lansia). Jakarta: Pusat Data dan Informasi
Kementerian Kesehatan RI
Galantino, M. L., Green, L., DeCesari, J. A., MacKain, N. A., Rinaldi, S. M., Stevens,
M. E., & Mao, J. J. (2012). Safety and feasibility of modified chair-yoga on
functional outcome among elderly at risk for falls. International journal of
yoga, 5(2), 146.
Garrard, Judith (2014). Doing a Literatur Review in Health and Social Care: A Practical
Guide 3rd Edition. New York: McGraw hill education. Diperoleh dari
https://books.google.co.id/books?id=qYdFBgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontco
ver&dq=helen+
aveyard+2014&hl=id&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjn96fhmO_MAhWBL48KH
RteAO4Q6AEIITA#v=onepage&q=helen%20aveyard%202014&f=false
Gould, S. (2011). 1.04 How to write a literatur review. Retrieved August 2, 2017,
from http://library.bcu.ac.uk/learner/writingguides/1.04.htm
Javaheri, S.A.A.H., Alikhajeh, Y., Rahimi, N.M., Rashidlamir, A. (2012). The Effect of
Water and Land Exercise Programs in Static and Dynamic Balance Among Elderly
Men. Global Journal of Guidance and Counselling, Vol 2, No: 1, May
Moher, D., Liberti, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altmanm, D. G., PRISMA Group. (2009). Preferred
reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA
statement. Ann Intens Med, 151(4), 264-269, doi:10.7326/0003- 4819-151-4-
200908180-00135
Nugrahani, P. N. (2014). Latihan Jalan Tandem Lebih Baik Daripada Latihan Dengan
Menggunakan Swiss Ball Terhadap Peningkatan Keseimbangan Untuk
Mengurangi Risiko Jatuh Pada Lanjut Usia (LANSIA). Jurnal fisioterapi, 14(2).
Setyoadi, S., Utami, Y. W., & Septina, S. (2013). Senam Dapat Meningkatkan
Keseimbangan Tubuh Lanjut Usia di Yayasan Gerontologi Kecamatan Wajak
Kabupaten Malang. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan, 1(1), 35-40.
Syah, I., Purnawati, S., & -, S. (2017). Efek Pelatihan Senam dan Latihan Jalan Tandem
dalam Meningkatkan Keseimbangan Tubuh Lanjut Usia di Panti Sosial Tresna
Kasih Sayang Ibu Batusangkar Sumatra Barat.Sport And Fitness Journal. Retrieved
from https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/sport/article/view/28870
ABSTRAK
Perawat melakukan pengkajian (anamnesis) terhadap pasien ketika pasien masuk rumah sakit mengenai
keluhan atau masalahnya. Pengkajian yang akurat, lengkap sesuai kenyataan, dan kebenaran data sangat
penting untuk langkah selanjutnya dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan sesuai respon individu (Muttaqin,
2008). Peneliti masih menemukan pengkajian yang tidak dilakukan dengan akurat dan lengkap khususnya di
ruang Rawat tempat peneliti melakukan praktik. Perawat tidak melakukan pengkajian langsung kepada pasien
namun telah melakukan pengisian dokumentasi pengkajian pasien baru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk
mengetahui pengalaman perawat dalam melakukan pengkajian pasien baru di ruang Rawat di Satu Rumah
Sakit Swasta di Indonesia Bagian Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif fenomenologi
dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan double check (terhadap pasien dan dokumen pengkajian).
Jumlah sampel yang diteliti adalah enam perawat. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-
November 2017. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat lima tema terkait pengalaman perawat dalam
melakukan pengkajian pasien baru. Lima tema tersebut yaitu pengalaman melakukan proses keperawatan,
melakukan pengkajian pasien baru, serta faktor pendorong dalam melakukan pengkajian, manfaat yang
diperoleh dan hambatan dalam melakukan pengkajian. Jumlah kategori dari lima tema tersebut yaitu 16
kategori. Lembar pengkajian pasien hampir semua terisi lengkap oleh perawat kecuali berat badan dan tinggi
badan masih belum semua terisi yaitu berjumlah 66,66% dari total keseluruhan sampel dokumentasi yang
dilakukan oleh keenam responden. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengkajian yang dilakukan perawat di
ruang Rawat di Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta Indonesia Bagian Barat dapat dikatakan lengkap namun tidak akurat
dimana tidak semua pengkajian dilakukan langsung kepada pasien namun sudah terisi di lembar pengkajian.
Kata kunci : Perawat , Pengkajian , Pasien Baru
ABSTRACT
The nurse carries out an assessment (history) of the patient when the patient is admitted to the hospital about
the complaint or problem. Accurate assessment, complete according to reality, and correctness of data is very
important for the next step in providing nursing care according to individual responses. Researchers still find
studies that are not carried out accurately and completely, especially in the inpatient room where researchers
practiced. The nurse does not conduct a direct study of the patient but has filled in the new patient assessment
documentation. The purpose of this study was to determine the experience of nurses in conducting a study of
new patients in the inpatient room at a Private Hospital in Western Indonesia. This study uses
phenomenological qualitative research methods by collecting data through interviews and double checks (on
patients and assessment documents). The number of samples studied was six nurses. This research was
conducted in October-November 2017. The results of this study indicate that there were five themes related to
the experience of nurses in conducting a new patient assessment. The five themes are the experience of
carrying out the nursing process, conducting new patient assessments, as well as the driving factors in
carrying out the assessment, the benefits obtained and obstacles in conducting the assessment. The number of
categories from the five themes is 16 categories. The patient assessment sheet was almost completely filled by
the nurses except that the body weight and height were still not all filled, which amounted to 66.66% of the
total documentation sample conducted by the six respondents. It can be concluded that the assessment
conducted by nurses in the inpatient room in one Western Indonesian Private Hospital can be said to be
complete but inaccurate where not all studies were carried out directly to patients but were filled in the
assessment sheet.
Keywords: Nurses, Assessment, New Patients
yang datang ke rumah sakit dengan tujuan Nurwahyuni., dkk. (2011) di RS Dr. H.
Dalam hal ini rumah sakit berperan sebagai bahwa besar kelengkapan pengisian lembar
penyedia layanan kesehatan bagi setiap pengkajian itu di ruang rawat inap sebesar
pasien dan mampu memberikan solusi 1,45% yang artinya bahwa banyak lembar
dalam mengatasi setiap masalah kesehatan pengkajian keperawatan pasien jiwa yang
pengkajian (anamnesis) terhadap pasien yang akurat, lengkap sesuai kenyataan, dan
mengenai keluhan atau masalahnya. Proses kebenaran data sangat penting untuk
sistematis dengan mengumpulkan data individu. Hal ini menjadi fokus yang perlu
individu secara komprehensif terkait aspek diperhatikan oleh peneliti, karena fenomena
biologis, psikologis, sosial, maupun yang sama juga diamati oleh peneliti di
spiritual (Rutami, 2012). Fase dari Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta Indonesia Bagian
analisis data, pengelompokan data dan rumah sakit didapatkan bahwa pengkajian
dokumentasi data (Haryanto, 2007). pasien baru pada bulan Januari dilakukan
Pelaksanaan pengkajian yang tidak sebesar 75%, bulan Februari 87%, Maret
akurat dan lengkap masih banyak 84%, April 97% dan Mei 97%. Namun,
ditemukan di berbagai rumah sakit. Hasil peneliti masih menemui pengkajian yang
penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Lestari, tidak dilakukan dengan akurat dan lengkap
Sanglah Denpasar diperoleh 40% data praktik yaitu ruang rawat dimana perawat
dan hampir 50% perawat tidak melakukan kepada pasien namun sudah melakukan
spiritual pasien. Perawat sering sekali hanya baru. Berdasarkan pentingnya pengkajian
berfokus pada pengkajian tanda-tanda vital pasien baru dan fenomena yang ada, maka
HASIL
Tabel 1. Distribusi Responden Berdasarkan Data Demografi
Data
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
Demografi
Usia 23 tahun 24 tahun 26 tahun 24 tahun 25 tahun 26 tahun
Tabel 2. Daftar analisa tema studi fenomenologi: pengalaman perawat dalam melakukan pengkajian
pasien baru di ruang rawat di Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta Indonesia Bagian Barat
No Kategori Tema
1 a. Melakukannya sesuai tahapan Pengalaman
melakukan proses
b. Mendapatkan sumber data
keperawatan
2 a. Pengkajian sesuai format asesmen awal Pengalaman
melakukan pengkajian
b. Hanya fokus pada Tanda-tanda Vital pasien baru
3 a. Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP)
b. Kewajiban perawat
c. Bina Hubungan Saling Percaya (BHSP) Faktor pendorong
melakukan pengkajian
d. Asuhan Keperawatan
pasien baru
e. Untuk mengetahui kondisi pasien
f. Dokumentasi/data
4 a. Dapat mengetahui kondisi pasien
b. Dapat mendekatkan diri dengan pasien Manfaat melakukan
pengkajian pasien baru
c. Dapat dilanjutkannya proses keperawatan
5 a. Keterbatasan waktu
Hambatan melakukan
b. Keterbatasan tenaga
pengkajian pasien baru
c. Pasien tidak kooperatif
Berdasarkan daftar pertanyaan hasil pengkajian pasien baru. Lima tema tersebut
oleh Rutami & Setiawan (2012) tentang keperawatan, melakukan pengkajian pasien
H. Adam Malik Medan” ditemukan lima diperoleh dan hambatan dalam melakukan
tema besar mengenai pengalaman perawat pengkajian. Jumlah kategori dari lima tema
samping itu berdasarkan hasil wawancara asesmen awal yang sudah ada. Berdasarkan
dengan enam partisipan ditemukan kategori- double check dengan dokumen ditunjukan
kategori yang mendukung tema tersebut. bahwa benar semua pengkajian terisi
bahwa terdapat lima tema terkait psikologis, sosial, maupun spiritual. Selain
itu partisipan lain mengungkapkan
pengalamannya dalam pengkajian pasien
30 Nursing Current Vol. 6 No. 1, Januari 2018 – Juli 2018
baru bahwa mereka tidak mengkaji pasien 83,33%, alat ambulasi 83,33%, status
secara lengkap. pernikahan 83,33%, pendidikan 88,33%
Partisipan-partisipan tersebut dan metode belajar yang disukai 83,33%.
mengungkapkan bahwa mereka lebih Berdasarkan hasil double check
dominan mengkaji tanda-tanda vital saja. dengan pasien ditemukan bahwa masih ada
Partisipan mengungkapkan faktor-faktor pengkajian yang tidak dilakukan kepada
yang menjadi pendorong dalam perawat pasien. Hal ini ditunjukan melalui frekuensi
melakukan pengkajian pasien baru yaitu yang melakukan pengkajian pupil 0%,
Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP), reaksi cahaya 0%, berat badan dan tinggi
kewajiban perawat, Bina Hubungan Saling badan 83,33%, tekanan darah 66,66%, nadi
Percaya (BHSP), asuhan keperawatan, 50%, pernapasan 66,66%, suhu 66,66%,
untuk mengetahui kondisi pasien dan untuk skor nyeri 50%, nutrisi 83,33% dan
dokumentasi atau data. Manfaat dalam 16,66%.
melakukan pengkajian pasien baru bagi Berdasarkan kedua double check
perawat yaitu dapat diketahuinya kondisi tersebut terdapat ketidaksesuaian antara
pasien, dapat mendekatkan diri dengan hasil double check dokumen dan pasien.
pasien, dapat melanjutkan proses Hasil double check dengan dokumen
keperawatan dan dapat dilakukan intervensi menunjukan hampir semua terisi lengkap
selanjutnya dan nantinya akan membantu sedangkan hasil double check dengan
dalam penyelesaian masalah pasien. Dalam pasien tidak semua dilakukan pengkajian.
melakukan pengkajian pasien baru terdapat Hal ini menunjukan bahwa pasien tidak
hambatan-hambatan seperti yang dilakukan pengkajian namun datanya sudah
diungkapkan partisipan yaitu keterbatasan terisi di lembar dokumen.
waktu, keterbatasan tenaga, dan pasien
yang tidak kooperatif. KESIMPULAN
Berdasarkan hasil double check Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dapat
dengan dokumen ditemukan bahwa tidak disimpulkan bahwa perawat melakukan
semua format pengkajian terisi lengkap. Hal pengkajian pasien baru tidak semua lengkap
ini ditunjukan pada berat badan dan tinggi sesuai format pengkajian. Perawat
badan masih belum semua mengisi yaitu melakukan pengkajian karena adanya
berjumlah 66,66% dari total keseluruhan faktor-faktor pendorong seperti Standar
sampel, malnutrition screening score Operasional Prosedur (SOP), kewajiban
Haryanto. (2007). Konsep dasar keperawatan dengan pemetaan konsep (concept mapping).
Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
ABSTRACT
Medication administration errors (MAEs) are one of the risks in nursing practice and occur because the drugs
received by patients with prescription drugs are not appropriate. Nurses play an important role in patient
safety, especially in drug delivery. The principle of five correct is needed to prevent the incidence of MAE. The
causes of MAE are interruptions, workload, knowledge, and communication. The purpose of this study was to
analyze the most influential factors on the incidence of MAE in a hospital West Indonesia. The research design
used cross sectional. The sampling technique is simple random sampling and 99 people are taken as sample.
The research instrument used is questionnaire. Data analysis used multivariate with logistic regression
method. The results showed that the knowledge variable is the most dominant variable associated with
medication error with OR = 7.262 means that the risk of knowledge raises medication error 7.262 larger than
the workload after controlled by interrupt and communication variables. Recommendations for future
researchers to make the results of this study as a baseline for doing a research about MEA and patient.
HASIL
1. Hasil Analisis Data Univariat dan Bivariat
Tabel 1. Distribusi Ketidakpatuhan Perawat dalam Menerapkan Pedoman 5 Benar Obat oleh Perawat
Pelaksana di Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta Indonesia Bagian Barat
Variabel Kategori Frekuensi (n) Presentase (%)
Kepatuhan Melakukan 5 Patuh 47 47.5
Benar Obat Tidak patuh 52 52.5
Total 99 100
Tabel 2. Hubungan Interupsi, Beban kerja, komunikasi, dan Pengetahuan dengan Ketidakpatuhan
Perawat dalam Menerapkan Pedoman 5 Benar Obat
Kelompok
Tidak Total P-value OR (95% CI)
Variabel Patuh
Patuh
n % n % n %
Interupsi
Tinggi 40 76.9 26 55.3 66 66.7 2.692 (1.135-
0.032
Rendah 12 23.1 21 44.7 33 33.3 6.389)
Beban Kerja
Tinggi 41 78.8 18 38.3 59 59.6 6.005 (2.471-
0.001
Rendah 11 21.2 29 51.7 40 40.4 14.596)
Komunikasi
Tidak efektif 47 90.4 46 97.9 93 93.9 4.894 (0.550-
0.208
Efektif 5 9.6 1 2.1 6 6.1 43.515)
Pengetahuan
Rendah 41 78.8 15 31.9 56 56.6 7.953 (3.217-
0.001
Tinggi 11 21.2 32 68.1 43 43.4 19.656)
Proses pengeluaran variabel sudah selesai. variabel yg pvaluenya > 0,05 sehingga
Selanjutnya dalam model ini diduga berinteraksi dengan variabel pengetahuan.
variabel beban kerja Hasil pemodelan Untuk itu akan dilakukan uji interaksi
keempat ternyata sudah tidak ada lagi antara beban kerja dan pengetahuan.
Tabel 7. Uji Interaksi Beban Kerja Dan Pengetahuan.
Variabel P value OR
1. Beban kerja 0.516 0.334
2. Pengetahuan 0.654 0,478
3. Beban kerja by pengetahuan 0.103 8,111
REFERENSI
NCCMERP. (2017)/ About Medication Errors. (n.d.). Diakses pada 15 Juli 2017 dari
http://www.nccmerp.org/about-medication-errors
Johari, H., Shamsuddin, F., Idris, N., & Hussin, A. (2013). Medication errors among nurses
in government hospital. J Nurs Health Sci, 1, 18-23
Keers, R. N., Williams, S. D., Cooke, J., & Ashcroft, D. M. (2013). Causes of medication
administration errors in hospitals: a systematic review of quantitative and
qualitative evidence. Drug safety, 36(11), 1045-1067. Diakses pada 12 Januari
2018 dari https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40264-013-0090-2
Mulyana, D. S. (2013). Analisis penyebab insiden keselamatan pasien oleh perawat di unit
rawat inap satu Rumah Sakit Swasta Indonesia Bagian Barat Jakarta. Universitas
Indonesia.
Petrova, E., Baldacchino, D., & Camilleri, M. (2010). Nurses’ perceptions of medication
errors in Malta. Nursing standard, 24(33), 41-48. Diakses pada 11 Juli 2017 dari
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20461923
Pham, J. C., Story, J. L., Hicks, R. W., Shore, A. D., Morlock, L. L., Cheung, D. S., ... &
Pronovost, P. J. (2011). National study on the frequency, types, causes, and
consequences of voluntarily reported emergency department medication errors. The
Journal of emergency medicine, 40(5), 485-492. Diakses pada 24 Agustus 2017
dari https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18823735
Potter dan Perry. (2010). Fundamental keperawatan buku 3. Edisi 7. Jakarta: Salemba
Medika
Tsang, L. F., Yuk, T. K., & Sham, S. Y. A. (2014). How to change nurses’ behavior leading
to medication administration errors using a survey approach in United Christian
Hospital. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 4(12), 17. Diakses pada 5
Januari 2018 dari
www.sciedu.ca/journal/index.php/jnep/article/download/4826/3323
WHO. (2017). WHO launches global effort to halve medication-related errors in 5 years.
Diakses pada 15 Juli 2017 dari
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2017/medication-related-errors/en/
ABSTRACT
To improve the quality of online learning in Indonesia higher education, Faculty of Nursing (FoN),
Universitas Pelita Harapan (UPH) supported by the Directorate of Higher Education in Indonesia that known
as DIKTI developed an online course named Family Nursing. The course is a community nursing course in
regard with the care of family nursing and it discusses the concept of family, family health, and the concept of
a wellness family. The course was developed to achieve the mission of equitable access to information,
relevance, and improvement of the quality of higher education throughout Indonesia, especially in nursing
education. The online course was offered in one private nursing school in Jakarta area that never had any
online course nor using online learning method in the delivery of their subjects. The aim of this report was to
describe students’ experiences in an online course. This paper reports on the evaluation work of one semester
online/blended learning project funded by DIKTI. Sixty-five students, who experienced the online/blended
learning method for the first time, were enrolled in the online course. The students have agreed to fill an
evaluation online form after their mid semester exam. The evaluation form consisted of closed- and open-
ended questions. This report revealed that most students (> 70%) agreed that their experience on the online
(blended) learning was positive. However, it should be noted that, a quarter of students (27-28%) had less
motivation to do the independent learning and perceived that the online learning was a learning experience
that lack of support in developing their critical thinking. Several important themes further emerged including
students’ issues (lack of knowledge and motivation), teaching-learning process issues (lack of facilities and
clarity) and academic staff issues (minimal feedback and different perceptions between academic staff and
students). Though online/blended learning can be employed to support nursing and healthcare education,
there is limited appreciation of students' experience and the use of e-learning. Context is also being considered
as an important part when applying the online/blended learning, thus, this report provides a new
understanding of students’ opinions on their first experience when engaging with online learning at a private
nursing school. This report further provides a number of inhibiting factors continue to affect the student
experience.
transformed teaching and learning process times suit individual needs is increasing
Traditional learning and online learning Dalhem & Saleh (2014) described
Using internet as media of online learning, both offline and online interactive
the potential of using technology to deliver strategies. Several studies have shown that
Three main themes were emerged three themes related to students’ issues,
from the students’ opinions for the learning process’ issues and lecturers’
improvement of the online learning, in this issues.
case, family nursing course (Table 2). The
Table 2. Themes Of The Study
Theme Sub theme Example of the students’ statement
Students’ Lack of self- “Melalui pembelajaran ini, mahasiswa tidak dengan sungguh- sungguh
issues motivation belajar karena tidak semua mahasiswa yang memiliki fasilitas yang
memadai”
(Through this learning, the students do not really study because not all
students have adequate facility)
Learning Lack of “Menurut saya hanya saja fasilitasnya yang kurang memadai dalam mata
process’ facilities kuliah ajaran ini…”
issues (In my opinion it's just the lack of facilities in this course...)
Varied “Semoga kedepannya kalau ada penugasan tidak ada salah persepsi
perceptions pemikiran lagi”
(Hopefully, there will be no more misperception in the next assignment)
As described in the table above, the condition might occur in the world of
students as the respondents mentioned that education, as a previous research stated that
there were students’ issues during the although lecturers and students realize the
online learning such as lack of self- importance of the online learning in nursing
motivation and knowledge. The students education, but with the transition in their
also recognized that they faced lack of learning systems, they seem still resistant to
facilities and was unclear about the such changes (Betihavas, Bridgman,
assignment given. In regard with lecturers’ Kornhaber, & Cross, 2016).
issues, the students identified that the
assignment feedback were minimum, and DISCUSSION
they experienced some different perceptions This project evaluation revealed
between the students and lecturers. both benefits and challenges related to the
Based on the results, it appears that transition from a traditionally face-to-face
the implementation of this blended course nursing program to a blended design. The
was generally running well, although there results of the student opinions surveys
were some obstacles that were faced both highlight the importance of their first
by the teaching team and the students. The learning experiences using a mix of
setting of the project was in a private learning activities. In this study, more than
nursing school, where students and tutors 70% of students agreed that the online as
experienced online learning using the well as face-to-face activities were
online learning management system worthwhile. However, a quarter of the
(Moodle) for the first time. Thus, the first students (24-28.4%) perceived that the
challenge encountered was their motivation online learning might not influence their
to learn (> 90% agree). In addition, the critical thinking and motivation to learn.
change of the learning system from teacher- Even though during face-to-face meeting
centered to student-centered becomes an the academic staff could facilitate
obstacle for the lecturers and students. This
46 Nursing Current Vol. 6 No. 1, Januari 2018 – Juli 2018
discussion that might enhance critical the students’ confidence in using a
thinking, lecturers did not meet students’ computer, quality of the evaluation
expectation to give feedback and clear instrument, and the online learning
direction about the online assignments. In materials to gain the effectiveness of an
addition, academic staff feedback on their online-learning (Kala, Isaramalai,
learning was important. McGowan and Pohthong, 2010).
colleagues argued that a successful online As described in the findings, the
(blended) experience needed students and students stated that they lacked motivation
academic staff preparations including: pre- and unable to understand the material given
work done for class that supports learning from the online learning. It may have
and the live class experience fosters related to their previous experience which
student-teacher engagement (McGowan, they never exposed to any online learning
Balmer, Chappel, Dickerson, & Lubekjo, that requires students to be independent in
2014). their learning. Mehrdad and colleagues
This study further revealed some further explained that traditional learning
suggestions to improve the online (blended) more effective in students’ motivation and
learning. The students realized that it is independency while online learning was
crucial to improve their self-motivation and more effective in independency and
knowledge since the learning requires capability (Mehrdad, Zlfaghari, Ahrani,
students’ active learning. On the other hand, Eybpoosh, 2010). It is considered as a
the students also suggested that the method that can motivate students as they
availability of the facilities and academic feel attracted to be in class and able to
staff were also important. A previous study understand more as the course is delivered
supports these students’ opinions that directly by the lecturer (Mehrdad, Zlfaghari,
students were more engaged and motivated Ahrani, Eybpoosh, 2010). Meanwhile,
when encouraged by instructors online learning gives students the
(McLaughin, Roth, Glatt, Gharkholonarche, opportunity to use their ability in using
Davidson, Griffin, & Mumper, 2013; computer literacy by downloading
Mehrdad, Zlfaghari, Ahrani, Eybpoosh, educational material and be independent to
2010) by carefully planned and facilitated learn whenever they want. This project,
the learning activities which lead to foster however, was conducted using online as
independent learning. It is also needed of well as traditional method of teaching
REFERENCES
Kenny, A. (2002). Online learning: Enhancing nurse education? Journal Advanced Nursing
(JAN) 38 (2). pp 127-135.
Dalhem, W. & Saleh, N. (2014). The impact of eLearning on nurses’ professional
knowledge and practice in HMC. Canadian Journal of Nursing (CJNI). 9 (3).
Retrieved from http://cjni.net/journal/?p=3819
McCutcheon, Lohan, Traynor & Martin.(2015). The evidence for ‘flipping out’: A
systematic review of the flipped classroom in nursing education. Nursing Education
Today. 38. Pp. 15-21.
Betihavas, V., Bridgman, H., Kornhaber, R., & Cross, M. (2016). The evidence for ‘flipping
out’: A systematic review of the flipped classroom in nursing education. Nursing
Education Today. 38. Pp. 15-21
McGowan, B.S., Balmer, J.T., Chappell, K., Dickerson, P.S., Lubejko, B.G. (2014).
Flipping the classroom: a data driven model for nursing education. Journal of
Continuing Education in Nursing. 45 (11), pp. 477-478.
McLaughlin, J.E., Roth, M.T., Glatt, D.M., Gharkholonarehe, N., Davidson, C.A., Griffin,
L.M., Mumper, R.J. (2013). The flipped classroom: a course redesign to foster
learning and engagement in a health professions school. Acad. Med.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000086.
Kala, S., Isaramalai S., & Pohthong A. (2010). Electronic learning and constructivism: A
model for nursing education. Nurse Education Today. 30, pp. 61–66.
Posey L. & Pintz, C. (2017). Transitioning a Bachelor of Science in nursing program to
blended learning: Success, challenges & outcomes. Nurse Education in Practice, 26,
p.126-133. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2016.10.006
Hsu, L.L (2012). Qualitative assessment of a blended learning intervention in an
undergraduate course. Journal Nursing Research. 20(4), Pp.291-298.
Mehrdad, N., Zlfaghari, M., ahrani, N & Eybpoosh, S. (2010). Learning outcomes in two
different teaching approaches in nursing education in Iran: E-Learning versus lecture.
Acta medica Iranica. 49 (5), Pp. 297-301
Smith, G. G., Passmore, D & Faught, T. (2009). The challenges of online nursing education.
The Internet and Higher Education. 12 (2), pp 98-103. doi:
10.1016/j.iheduc.2009.06.00
ABSTRAK
Mempertahankan pola perilaku hidup sehat merupakan tantangan bagi praktisi di bidang kesehatan. Sebagai
calon anggota profesi kesehatan dengan jumlah terbanyak di Indonesia, mahasiswa keperawatan diharapkan
mempunyai pengetahuan dan perilaku hidup sehat yang memadai agar dapat menjadi role model bagi
masyarakat. Pola perilaku hidup sehat berdampak pada nilai prestasi akademik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola perilaku hidup sehat dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa
keperawatan. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif yang pengumpulan datanya secara cross
sectional. Populasi adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Keperawatan dan Ilmu Kesehatan di Universitas di bagian
Barat Indonesia. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 179 mahasiswa diambil berdasarkan purposive sampling dengan
kriteria inklusi mahasiwa angkatan 2015 yang aktif kuliah dan bersedia menjadi responden. Instrumen berupa
kuesioner Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) yang telah diadaptasi dalam bahasa Indonesia terdiri
dari 22 item pertanyaan dalam skala Likert dan indeks prestasi kumulatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lebih
dari setengah (59,8%) mahasiswa mempunyai pola perilaku hidup tidak sehat (mean = 2,474, SD = 0,382) dan
sebagian besar (87,7%) mahasiswa memiliki prestasi akademik yang sangat memuaskan. Uji Mann-Whitney U
didapatkan tidak ada hubungan pola perilaku hidup sehat dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa (P = 0,944 >
0,05). Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan dapat meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pola perilaku hidup
sehat dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa keperawatan.
Kata Kunci: Pola Perilaku Hidup Sehat, Prestasi Akademik, Mahasiswa Keperawatan
ABSTRACT
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle pattern is a challenge for health practitioners. As a prospective member of the
health profession with the greatest number in Indonesia, nursing students are expected to have knowledge and
adequate healthy living behavior in order to become a role model for the community. The pattern of healthy
life behavior affects the value of student achievement. This study aims to determine the relationship of healthy
behavior patterns with the academic achievement of nursing students. The research design is using
quantitative descriptive which is data collection cross sectional. The population is a student of the Faculty of
Nursing and Health Sciences at the University X. The sample of the study of 179 students is taken based on
purposive sampling with inclusion criteria of students of class 2015 active and willing to be a respondent. The
instrument in the form of Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) questionnaire that has been adapted
in Indonesian consists of 22 items of questions on a Likert scale and a cumulative grade point. The result of
the research shows that more than half of the students (59,8%) have unhealthy behavior pattern (M = 2,474,
SD = 0,382) and most (87,7%) students have very satisfactory academic achievement. The statistical test
showed that there was no correlation between healthy behavior pattern with student achievement (P = 0,944 >
0,05). Further research is expected to examine the factors that influence healthy behavior patterns with the
academic achievement of nursing students.
Keywords: Healthy Behavior Patterns, Academic Achievement, Nursing Students
Hidup sehat menjadi idaman bagi setiap mental dan kejiwaan yang seimbang serta
orang. Untuk memiliki hidup sehat setiap istirahat yang cukup (Kurniadi, 2008). Pola
orang harus memiliki pola perilaku hidup perilaku hidup sehat seharusnya sudah
Sehat 72 40,2
Tidak sehat 107 59,8
Jumlah 179 100
Tabel 3 menunjukkan nilai HPLP-II untuk adalah 3,03 dan standar deviasi 0,45
seluruh kategori berada pada rentang 2,10 sedangkan skor terendah pada subskala
hingga 3,03. Mahasiswa angkatan 2015 tanggung jawab kesehatan dengan rata-rata
mempunyai skor tertinggi dalam subskala 2,10 dan standar deviasi 0,49.
perkembangan spiritual dengan rata-rata
Tabel 4. Gambaran umum prestasi akademik responden (n = 179)
Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK) Frekuensi (f) Persentase (%)
Tabel 4 didapatkan hasil bahwa tidak ada Analisis bivariat digunakan untuk melihat
mahasiswa yang memiliki IPK memuaskan hubungan pola perilaku hidup sehat
(2,00 – 2,50). Responden yang memiliki mahasiswa terhadap prestasi akademik yang
IPK sangat memuaskan sebanyak 157 orang mereka peroleh. Uji yang digunakan dalam
(87,7%) dan responden yang memiliki IPK penelitian ini adalah uji Mann-Whitney U.
dengan pujian sebanyak 22 orang (12,3%).
Tabel 5. Hubungan pola perilaku hidup sehat dengan prestasi akademik responden
(n= 179)
IPK N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks p value
penyakit jantung koroner, diabetes dan pola perilaku hidup sehat dengan prestasi
stroke. Selain itu penelitian juga akademik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini juga
sebagai rutinitas sehari-hari maka akan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil uji Mann-
mendorong pasien untuk melakukan hal Whitney U hubungan pola perilaku hidup
yang sama untuk meningkatkan kesehatan sehat dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa
mereka (Geok, S. H., Yusof, A., Lam, S. angkatan 2015 ditemukan ρ value lebih
K., et. al., 2015) besar dari α (0,944 > 0,05) yang berarti Ho
gagal ditolak dan dapat disimpulkan tidak
ditandai total skor HPLP-II dibawah rata- mempengaruhi pola perilaku hidup sehat
rata dan lebih dari setengah (59,8%) pola maupun prestasi akademik tidak
menunjukkan sangat memuaskan. Pola sehat dan prestasi akademik dengan lingkup
perilaku hidup sehat dengan prestasi yang lebih luas dengan mengendalikan
mereka harus mempraktikkan pola perilaku semua responden yang terlibat dalam
hidup sehat dan meningkatkan faktor-faktor penelitian ini. Pendanaan: Penelitian ini
eksternal serta faktor pendekatan belajar. dibiayai oleh Universitas Pelita Harapan.
Hal ini bertujuan agar mereka dapat secara Kajian etik: Komite Etik Mochtar Riadi
akademiknya. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi nomor protocol 04.1606146 pada tanggal 3
Astuti, W.W., Prabowo, T., dan Suseani, H.P (2008). Hubungan antara gaya hidup dengan
prestasi belajar pada mahasiswa progra studi ilmu keperawatan program A FK UGM
Yogyakarta. JIK vol. 03/No. 01/Januari/2008 diakses dari
https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/100626-ID-hubungan-antara-gaya-
hidup-dengan-presta.pdf
Geok, S. H., Yusof, A., Lam, S. K., et. al. (2015) Physical activity and health-promoting
lifestyle of student nurses in Malaysia, Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 2015,
3, 78-87 diakses dari http://www.scirp.org/journal/jbm
Kurniadi, T. K, (2008). Kalau bisa sehat, kenapa harus sakit. Depok: Puspa Swara.
Khairunnisa, Sabrian, F. Safri ( 2015). Hubungan gaya hidup dengan prestasi akademik
mahasiswa keperawatan Universitas Riau. JOM Vol 2 No 2, Oktober 2015 diakses
dari http://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMPSIK/article/view/8283/7953
Nursalam, (2008). Konsep dan penerapan metodologi penelitian ilmu keperawatan. Jakarta:
PT Salemba Medika
S, M dan Karin, P. A. E. S (2016). Gambaran pola perilaku hidup sehat pada mahasiswa
program studi ilmu keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana., pp 28-
35. Jurnal keperawatan Coping Ners Vol 4 No 1 (2016) edisi Januari – April 2016
diakses dari https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/coping/article/view/19910
ABSTRACT
Background: English has become an inseparable part of Nursing career in non-English speaking countries,
including Indonesia. At Universitas Pelita Harapan, student nurses need to take English for Nursing class to
prepare them to communicate in English with overseas patients during their internship year. Goal: To identify
these basic communication needs to use English at the hospital setting, Faculty of Nursing at Universitas
Pelita Harapan developed mapping for English for Nursing syllabus and materials for the internship students.
Methodology: A simplified research and development study was conducted to identify needs and to design and
develop the appropriate English for Nursing Syllabus and materials. The study involved 33 nurses and 72
student nurses, covering needs analysis stage to syllabus mapping. Results: The result suggested that the
course cover 10 communication topics from patient admittance to patient discharge over 16 sessions.
Keywords: English for Specific Purposes, English for Occupational Purposes, English for Nursing,
Syllabus Design, Needs Analysis
Indonesia. At these hospitals, the students nurses had to take two English Courses:
who are assigned to assist and observe their General English and Academic English
seniors in the hospital wards frequently course in their first and second year.
meet patients from a variety of cultural However, these courses didn’t seem to meet
these student nurses work under strict student nurses to perform their tasks in the
guidance and observation of their mentors hospital setting. From the students’
and seniors in the hospital, there are some feedback at the end of the semester, and
occasions where they have to communicate also from the observation in the clinical
with the patients from overseas. Therefore, setting, the faculty saw the need to add
English with overseas patients during their hospital setting. Kennedy & Bolitho (1984)
courses that are generally offered to the first movement of people in the work place, the
and second year students in the university needs of English language learning in the
level do not seem to fit the career-specific English for Foreign Language learning
communication needs of the student. When (EFL) have also become more and more
university students (who are non-native converging to specific job needs. Therefore,
This study focuses more on adopting EOP The first stage of information collection
which is based on learners’ needs to support was conducted in the forms of review of
their job-specific communication needs in literature. Information was also collected by
the hospital setting. distribution of Needs Analysis
questionnaires to target students (72 second
METHODOLOGY year and third year UPH nursing students),
This study applied a Research and and nurses (33 Indonesian nurses with more
Development (R&D) cycle from Borg and than 2 years of experience in the hospital
Gall (1983) to develop and design learner- settings). The instrument for student nurses
Other suggested
topics From all the data collected (literature
Maternity 1 6.3%
Assessment 1 6.3% review, questionnaires from student nurses
Daily nursing care 1 6.3% and from experienced nurses, a design
(Bathing, feeding,
etc) document that will be used as the bases for
REFERENCES
Anthony, L (2008), English for Specific Purposes. Retrieved July 15, 2018, from
http://www.laurenceanthony.net/abstracts/ESParticle.html.
Gall, M. D, Gall, J. P, & Borg W.R, (1983) Educational Research: An Introduction, 3rd
Edition, (USA-Pearson education) p. 772
Gultom, Agustina Uli (2016), Developing English Learning Materials for Nursing Students
of Borneo University of Tarakan, Ling Tera, Volume 3, Number 2, retrieved, July 17,
2018, from https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/ljtp/article/view/11141
Kennedy, C. & Bolitho, R 91984), Approaches to ESP: English for Specific Purposes,
Macmillan.
Khan, T. M, Ghulamullah, M, Naeem Mohsin, Ashiq Hussain, Dogar and Ahmed, Sher
Awan, Needs Analysis of English for Occupational and Specific Purposes, retrieved
July 17, 2018, from
http://ijsse.com/sites/default/files/issues/2011/v1i4/paper%2026/paper%2026.pdf.
Lee, Ching Ying, (1998), English for Nursing Purposes: A Needs Assessment for
Professional-Oriented Curriculum Design, Academic Journal of Kang Ning, Vol. 1, No.
1, 55-72.
Potter, Patricia A, Anne Griffin Perry (2009), Fundamental Keperawatan, Edisi 7, Buku 3,
Elsevier (Singapore) Pte.Ltd.
Saragih, Erikson, Designing ESP Materials for Nursing Students Based on Needs Analysis.;
ABSTRAK
Keselamatan pasien merupakan suatu sistem yang dipakai di rumah sakit yang menjamin asuhan keperawatan
menjadi lebih aman. Sistem yang dapat mencegah cedera yang diakibatkan kesalahan dalam melakukan
tindakan. Ketepatan dalam melakukan identifikasi pasien merupakan komponen pertama dalam sistem
keselamatan pasien. Perawat harus memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang identifikasi pasien sesuai dengan
standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh rumah sakit.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan
perawat tentang identifikasi pasien yang benar di ruang rawat inap rumah sakit swasta di Indonesia Tengah.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel
penelitian ini adalah 20 perawat di ruang rawat inap rumah sakit swasta di Indonesia bagian Tengah yang
diambil berdasarkan teknik total sampling.. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang terdiri dari 24
pertanyaan menggunakan skala Guttman yang terdiri dari pertanyaan positif dan pertanyaan negatif. Penelitian
ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober November 2017. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 19
perawat (95%) dari memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik dan 1 perawat (5%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang
cukup. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, peneliti merekomendasikan desain randomized control trial pada jumlah
sample yang lebih besar agar didapatkan hasil yang lebih akurat. Dengan begitu, dapat dicermati bagian
informasi apa di dalam topik identifikasi pasien yang masih bernilai rendah dengan lebih objektif. Pada
akhirnya, hal tersebut dapat menjadi masukan bagi pengelola RS untuk memberikan pelatihan yang berfokus
peningkatan pengetahuan perawat
ABSTRACT
Patient safety is a system used in hospitals that make nursing care becomes more secure. Systems that can
prevent injuries arising from errors in performing the action The accurate implementation of patient
identification is one of the components in patient safety . As a nurse, it is crucial to have a good knowledge of
patient identification according to hospital’s regulation.The purpose of this research was to know the
description of nursing knowledge about identification patients in the inpatient room Private Hospital in
Central Indonesia. This study used quantitative descriptive method it cross sectional approach which uses the
technique of total sampling. Population in this study was 20 nurses in inpatient Private Hospital in Central
Indonesia .This study uses the instrument in the form of a questionnaire that contained 24 questions using a
scale Guttman consisting of positive questions and negative questions. This research was conducted in
October-November 2017. This study showed by as many as 19 nurses (95%) of the 20 respondents have the
level of knowledge of good and 1 nurse (5%) of the 20 respondents have a sufficient level of knowledge. For
further research, the researcher recommends a randomized control trial design on a larger number of samples
in order to obtain more accurate results. That way, you can see what part of the information in the topic of
identifying patients who are still of low value with more objective. In the end, this can be an input for hospital
managers to provide training that focuses on improving the knowledge of nurses.
rumah sakit jadi lebih aman (World Health Meeting The International Patient safety
pasien yang utama menurut World Health Kesalahan dalam identifikasi pasien
pasien adalah suatu sistem identifikasi target dalam pelaksanaan identifikasi pasien
kepada pasien untuk membedakan antara yang benar dirumah sakit adalah 100%
pasien satu dengan yang lain sehingga (JCI, 2011). Standar dan indikator ini juga
Identifikasi pasien ini meliputi pelaksanaan yang dirujuk adalah 100%, namun
verifikasi nama, tanggal lahir atau nomor pelaksanaan identifikasi pasien yang benar
Pasien Rumah Sakit atau KKPRS (2012), mengatasi hal ini, diperlukan perawat-
data insiden keselamatan pasien tahun 2012 perawat yang memiliki pengetahuan dan
insiden 46% berkaitan dengan salah yang benar, untuk dapat mencapai standar
identifikasi. Penyebab berikut dikarenakan target yang ditetapkan oleh Rumah Sakit
sehingga terjadi medication error 18% Hal ini juga diperkuat oleh
Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Joint didapatkan bahwa 10 dari 18 perawat yang
kesalahan dalam mengidentifikasi pasien Perawat hanya berfokus pada nomor tempat
mencapai 13% dari kasus bedah. tidur, karena merasa sudah ingat dengan
Ditemukan data 67% kesalahan identifikasi pasien yang dirawat. Oleh karena itu,
cross sectional. Menurut Swarjana (2012) Sakit Swasta di Indonesia Tengah. (2).
metode ini bertu-juan untuk mengamati, Tidak bersedia menjadi responden. (3).
etika penelitian, yaitu penjelasan prosedur kuesioner yang terdiri dari pertanyaan yang
Peneliti telah mendapatkan ethical approval pasien di Ruangan Rawat Inap”. Kuesioner
dari The Research Committee Ethic (KEP tersebut mengambil poin dari Identifikasi
cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah sebelumnya dan mendapatkan ijin untuk
20 perawat di satu rumah sakit swasta digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian
Kriteria inklusi pada penelitian ini pilihan jawaban benar dan salah. Cara
adalah (1). Perawat ruang rawat inap rumah Penghitungan menggunakan program
S1 8 40 %
Total 20 100%
> 1 tahun 18 90 %
Total 20 100%
Tabel 3. Deskripsi Tingkat Pengetahuan Perawat tentang Identifikasi Pasien yang Benar di Satu
Rumah Sakit Swasta di Indonesia Tengah.
No. Tingkat Frekuensi Presentase (%)
Pengetahuan (n)
1 Baik 19 95 %
2 Cukup 1 5%
3 Kurang - -
Total 20 100 %
merupakan hal yang terintegritas, sehingga Pelatihan yang kedua pada tanggal
penerapan ini diperlukan SOP untuk 05 Mei 2017 yang diikuti 21 peserta, 9
meliputi nama pasien dan tanggal lahir terkait keselamatan pasien, kepada perawat
dan tepat oleh seorang petugas medis Selain itu perawat juga menyatakan
ataupun nonmedis merupakan salah satu bahwa teori tentang keselamatan pasien
petugas medis maupun nonmedis lainnya ruangan yang ada di ruang rawat inap
harus lebih hati- hati dan teliti dalam rumah sakit swasta di Indonesia Tengah
mayoritas termasuk kategori baik. Hal ini memberikan akses E-Learning kepada
pasien. Hal ini juga disampaikan oleh hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh
pelatihan tentang IPSG sebanyak dua kali berpengetahuan baik dan hanya sebagian
dalam enam bulan terakhir. Kegiatan kecil responden (6,7%) yang ber-
REFERENSI
Depkes RI. (2008). Panduan nasional keselamatan pasien rumah sakit (patient
safety): utamakan keselamatan pasien edisi 2. Jakarta
World Health Organization. Patient Safety Solutions Preamble – May 2007. Diakses pada
20 Juni 2017 http://www.who.int/patientsafety/solutions/patientsafety/Preamble.pdf.
Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Faculty of Nursing and Allied Health
Universitas Pelita Harapan Universitas Pelita Harapan
Jalan Jendral Sudirman Boulevard no 15 Jendral Sudirman Boulevard no 15
Gedung Lama Fakultas Kedokteran UPH Gedung Lama Fakultas Kedokteran UPH
Tangerang 15811 – Indonesia Tangerang 15811 – Indonesia
Atau melalui email: nursingcurrent@uph.edu Or via email: nursingcurrent@uph.edu
Penulisan uraian bagian naskah mengikuti Writing the description section of manuscripts
ketentuan berikut: complies with the following:
JUDUL TITLE
(semua huruf besar, font 14, bold, center) (All uppercase, font 14, center)
Judul publikasi (berbeda dari judul The title of the publication (different
penelitian), ditulis dengan mencakupkan kata from the title of the study), written by including
kunci utama dan tidak menggunakan singkatan, keywords and do not use abbreviations, 12-14
12-14 kata. Penulis perlu menuliskan juga judul words. Writers need to write a short title that
pendek yang diinginkan ditulis sebagai page has desired to be writen on the page header
header di setiap halaman jurnal. Penulis tidak every page of the journal. The author do not
menuliskan kata studi/hubungan/pengaruh write a word of study / relationship / influence
dalam judul publikasi. Contoh: Penurunan gula in the title of the publication. Example:
darah melalui latihan senam DM pada lansia. Decrease in blood sugar through gymnastics
DM in the elderly.
Author Data
Data Penulis (Font 10, center)
(font 10, center) The full name of the author, the title
Nama lengkap penulis beserta dengan and author affiliations. Correspondence
gelar dan afiliasi penulis. Alamat korespondensi address (one of the authors) include postal
(salah satu penulis) meliputi alamat pos dan e- address and e-mail. Example: Yakobus
mail. Contoh: Yakobus Siswandi, BSN, MSN. Siswandi, BSN, MSN. Medical Surgical
Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Fakultas Ilmu Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Allied Health
Keperawatan dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Universitas Pelita Harapan, Medical Building
Pelita Harapan, Gedung Kedokteran Lantai 4 4th Floor Lippo Village. E-mail:
Lippo Karawaci. E-mail: yakobus@yahoo.co.id.
yakobus@yahoo.co.id.
Abstrak Abstract
(font, 10, bold) (Font, 10, bold)
Abstrak ditulis menggunakan bahasa Abstract written in Bahasa Indonesia
Indonesia dan Inggris. Jumlah kata tidak and English. Word count does not exceed 200
melebihi 200 kata, tidak ada kutipan dan words, no citations and abbreviations /
singkatan/akronim. Abstrak harus diawali acronyms. Abstracts must be preceded by the
dengan pendahuluan (latar belakang, masalah, introduction (background, issues, and goals).
dan tujuan). Metode (desain, sampel, cara Methods (design, sampling, collection method,
pengumpulan, dan analisis data). Hasil yang and data analysis). The results which is written
ditulis adalah hasil riset yang diperoleh untuk is the result of the research obtained to answer
menjawab masalah riset secara langsung. the research problem directly. Write one or two
Tuliskan satu atau dua kalimat untuk sentences to discuss the results and
mendiskusikan hasil dan kesimpulan. conclusions. Recommendations from the study
Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian dituliskan clearly written.
dengan jelas.
Kata kunci: kata kunci ditulis menggunakan Keywords: keywords written in Bahasa
bahasa Indonesia dan Inggris. Berisi kata atau Indonesia and English. Containing the word or
frase maksimal enam kata, diurutkan phrase, with maximum of six words, sorted
berdasarkan abjad. alphabetically.
Hasil Result
(font 14, bold) (Font 14, bold)
Hasil dinyatakan berdasarkan tujuan The results stated based on the
penelitian. Pada hasil tidak menampilkan data research goals. In the results do not display the
yang sama dalam dua bentuk yaitu same data in two forms, for example tables /
tabel/gambar/grafik. Kutipan tidak ada pada images / graphics. No citations in the results
bagian hasil. Nilai rerata (mean) harus disertai section. Average value (mean) must be
dengan standar deviasi. Penulisan tabel accompanied by the standard deviation. Writing
menggunakan ketentuan berikut: tables should use the following terms:
Tabel hanya menggunakan 3 garis row Table row using only 3 lines (no line
(tanpa garis kolom) column)
Penulisan nilai rerata (mean), SD, dan Writing average value (mean), SD, and
uji t menyertakan nilai 95% CI t-test should include the value of 95%
(Confidence Interval). Penulisan CI (Confidence Interval). Writing the
kemaknaan tidak menyebutkan p lebih significance do not mention p first.
dahulu. Contoh: Rerata umur kelompok Example: The mean age of the
intervensi 25,4 tahun (95% CI). intervention group was 25.4 years
Berdasarkan uji lanjut antara kelompok (95% CI). Based on further test
intervensi dan kontrol didapatkan hasil between intervention and control
yang bermakna (p=0,001; a= 0,005) groups obtained significant results (p
= 0.001; a = 0.005)
Kesimpulan Conclusion
(font 14, bold) (Font 14, bold)
Kesimpulan merupakan jawaban Conclusion is the answer to the
hipotesis yang mengarah pada tujuan penelitian. hypothesis that leads to the research objectives.
Peneliti perlu mengemukakan implikasi hasil Researchers needs to have suggested implikasi
penelitian untuk memperjelas dampak hasil hasil research to clarify the impact of these
penelitian ini pada kemajuan bidang ilmu yang results on the progress of science under study.
diteliti. Saran untuk penelitian lebih lanjut dapat Suggestions for further research can be written
ditulis pada bagian ini. in this section.
Abstrak Abstract
◦ Abstrak dalam Bahasa Indonesia ◦ Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia
◦ Abstrak dalam Bahasa Inggris ◦ Abstract in English
◦ Kata Kunci dalam Bahasa ◦ Keywords in Bahasa Indonesia
Indonesia
◦ Keywords in English
◦ Kata Kunci dalam Bahasa Inggris
Teks Text
Artikel penelitian sebaiknya dibuat Research articles should be made in the
dalan urutan following order
◦ Pendahuluan ◦ Introduction
◦ Metode ◦ Methods
◦ Hasil ◦ Results
◦ Pembahasan ◦ Discussion
◦ Kesimpulan ◦ Conclusion
Kepustakaan Library
◦ Menggunakan gaya APA ◦ Using APA style
◦ Maksimal 25 referensi ◦ Maximum 25 references
Bagi yang berminat untuk melakukan pemasangan iklan, dapat menghubungi tim markering
Jurnal Nursing Current pada alamat email atau alamat surat-menyurat redaksi Jurnal
Nursing Current yang tercantum di bawah ini.
Adapun permintaan iklan yang disampaikan akan ditampilkan pada halaman terakhir Jurnal
Nursing Current, dengan tarif pemasangan iklan sebagai berikut: