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Module 11
THAT’S ENGLISH!
11
THAT’S
THAT’S
ENGLISH! ENGLISH!
1 32 47 2
B2

Module

11
THAT’S
ENGLISH!
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Autores Edición gráfica
Caroline Cooke; Anna Cowper; Susan Lea-Wilson; Fidel Puerta
Alejandro Zarzalejos
Maquetación
Edición Maritxu Eizaguirre
Gregory Backes; Valerie Clark; Sarah Jackson; Esther Patricia Fernández
Lema; Verónica Moro
Coordinación técnica y de diseño
Corrección Mario Dequel
Nicola Gooch Maritxu Eizaguirre
Ilustración Dirección del proyecto
Chema García Vicki Caballero Anderson
Grabación
EFS Motivation Sound Studios

Fotografía
ARCHIVO SM; Amanda Clement, Andrew Ward / PHOTODISC; MANOS UNIDAS; EFE; CORBIS; PHOTONONSTOP;
THINKSTOCK; CORDON PRESS; 123RF; SHUTTERSTOCK; iStock; GETTY IMAGES; AGE FOTOSTOCK; ALBUM

Fuentes
P. 10: The Telegraph (05/03/15); P. 15: Uncommon Knowledge (05/03/15); P. 30: The Guardian, BBC (24/02/15); P. 35: The
Independent (24/02/15); P. 40: Pay It Forward Day, Catherine Ryan Hyde (20/01/15); P. 45: The Independent (04/02/15); P. 54:
Mother Jones (17/03/15); P. 104: The Guardian (14/06/15); P. 108: Dream Moods (20/04/15); P. 109: The Guardian (19/04/15)

Diseño curricular y seguimiento técnico del proceso de elaboración de los materiales didácticos de Inglés a Distancia
desde el CIDEAD realizado por:
Rocío Arias Bejarano
Silvia Ávila Duez
Nuria Cambronero Sicilia
Rafael Fernández Alonso Este material se ha elaborado con papel
María Ángeles Fernández Melón certificado por la cadena de custodia PEFC
(Programme for the Endorsement of Forest
Ana Mª García Romero
Certification), procedente de plantaciones
Karen Ludlow
forestales, totalmente libre de cloro
Cleo Merino de Diego (TCF – Totally Chlorine Free) y cumpliendo
Ángel Nieto Serrano la ISO14001, siguiendo lo estipulado en
Elena Terán Herranz la Orden PRE/116/2008, de 21 de enero.
Alejandro Zarzalejos Alonso

MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, CULTURA Y DEPORTE

SECRETARÍA DE ESTADO DE EDUCACIÓN, FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL Y UNIVERSIDADES
Centro para la Innovación y Desarrollo de la Educación a Distancia (CIDEAD)

Edita:
© SECRETARÍA GENERAL TÉCNICA
Subdirección General de Publicaciones y Documentación
Catálogo de publicaciones del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte: http://www.educacion.es
Catálogo general de publicaciones oficiales: www.060.es
Fecha de edición: julio 2015
NIPO: 030-15-137-7
ISBN: 978-84-369-5635-1
Depósito legal: M-20310-2015
Impreso en la UE - Printed in EU
Imprime: Reyper, S.L.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Contents 4
Introduction 6
Unit 1 8
How are you feeling today?
Unit 2 18
It’s just good manners
Unit 3 28
A bright future
Unit 4 38
Every little bit helps
Revision 1 48
Unit 5 52
As easy as 1, 2, 3
Unit 6 62
The gentle art of persuasion
Unit 7 72
Your choice
Unit 8 82
I need a hero!
Unit 9 92
Let’s hit the road
Revision 2 102
Unit 10 106
Exam strategies
Self Tests (Units 1-9) 112
Reference Section 121
Pronunciation Guide 145
List of Irregular Verbs 148
Audio Scripts 150
Answer Key 166

3
Contents FUNCTIONS GRAMMAR

UNIT
1
• -ed vs -ing adjectives
• Expressing sadness,
How are you happiness and fear
• Narrating
• Modifying adverbs with gradable
vs non-gradable adjectives

feeling today? • It in impersonal and anticipatory

uses

UNIT
2
• Present simple, will, present
It’s just good • Talking about habits
• Describing and comparing
continuous
• keep on, carry on, go on
manners
social behaviour
• used to, get used to, would

UNIT
3
• going to vs present continuous
• Future continuous and future perfect
• Emphasising
• Present continuous and future
• Predicting
A bright future
continuous
• Focus adverbs: only, just …

UNIT
4
• Verb + -ing/to + infinitive
• Making requests
Every little bit • Asking someone to do
something
• New subject before -ing
• Why don’t…?, Can I…?, Let me…, etc.

helps • Expressing disagreement • Can you…?, Could you…?, Will

you…?, etc.

REVISION 1
UNIT
5
• Asking for and giving • Cardinal and ordinal numbers
As easy as information related to data
• Recommending and
• Plurals
• both, all, none, neither, either
advising
1, 2, 3 • Organising information • recommend and suggest

UNIT
6
• Use of modals for politeness
The gentle art • Persuading
• Dissuading
• Question tags
• No way!, Absolutely not!, Over my
of persuasion • Refusing
dead body!, etc.

UNIT
7
• prefer, would rather
• Expressing preference • 2nd and 3rd conditionals
• Making hypotheses • Mixed conditionals
Your choice • Connectors

UNIT
8
• Inversion with so and such
• Expressing admiration and
disappointment • What clause + be
• Emphasising, exaggerating • Adjective + preposition

I need a hero! • Speculating • Passive voice + infinitive / perfect

infinitive

UNIT

9
• Expressing cause and
• owing to, due to, because of, etc.
Let’s hit the effect
• Describing actions about
• be about to, be on the point of, be to
• Expressions for thanking and
to begin in the past
road • Thanking and apologising
apologising

REVISION 2
UNIT
10
Exam
strategies
4 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 PHONETICS
• Intonation: extreme
adverbs and adjectives
• Intonation of exclamations
• Silent e
• Intonation in requests
• Pronunciation of numbers
• Pronunciation of plurals of
Latin and Greek origin
• Sounding persuasive
• Stress and weak forms in
conditionals
• Stress and intonation for
emphasis
• Pronunciation: schwa
THAT’S ENGLISH!
VOCABULARY SOCIOLINGUISTICS WRITING / SPEAKING
• Sadness, happiness and fear • Cultural and/or gender
differences and • Writing a personal
• Strong emotions and constraints connected to anecdote
emotional states the expression of feelings
• Good manners in different
• Social behaviour and culture
cultures • Monologue: comparing
clash
• Use of words related to social habits and customs
• Taboo words
religion as taboo words
• Intelligence and artificial • Awareness of different
• Writing an article
intelligence types of intelligence
• Organizations and
charities to help people
• Help • Interaction: how to reach
in need
• People in need agreement
• Community networks and
volunteering
• Numbers, decimals, fractions • Different measurement
and percentages • Billion is different from • How to write a proposal
• Measure the Spanish billón
• How to be more
• Monologue: giving a
persuasive and how to
• Sales and advertising persuasive sales pitch
improve your persuasion
or presentation
skills
• What makes a good choice
• Choose and choice in different societies and
• Writing a discursive essay
• Preferences at different moments in
people’s lives?
• Heroes
• Interaction: how to
• Admiration and • Modern heroes
express disappointment
disappointment
• Travel
• How travel is seen in • Writing a formal email of
• Expressions related to means different cultures apology
of transport
5
Introduction
Bienvenido al módulo once del curso That’s English!
con el que comenzamos el segundo curso de nivel
avanzado.
En esta introducción te proponemos algunas
sugerencias para seguir cómodamente y con éxito
los nuevos módulos de That’s English!, que constan
de 9 unidades, 2 unidades de revisión y 1 unidad de
preparación para el examen de fin de módulo.
Antes de empezar cada una de las unidades del
módulo, es útil consultar la tabla de contenidos
del principio del libro donde verás recogidas las
funciones, estructuras, vocabulario, etc., que la
configuran.
Programa de vídeo A (páginas 1 y 2)
Al empezar cada unidad, en la primera página,
están detallados los objetivos que se espera que
hayas conseguido al finalizar el estudio de la misma.
Puedes volver a ellos entonces y comprobar si los
has conseguido.
Los encabezamientos Before you watch, While you
watch y After you watch te indican qué actividades
debes hacer en cada momento.
Before you watch presenta el vocabulario y las
frases clave del programa. Debes, por tanto, leerlas
atentamente y buscar en el diccionario cualquier
palabra que desconozcas.
While you watch contiene las preguntas que los
presentadores hacen al comienzo del programa; sirven
para que te hagas una idea del contenido del episodio
correspondiente de la serie 12, Penn Road y para que
centres tu atención en sus aspectos esenciales. Los
presentadores te darán las respuestas al final.
Mientras ves el programa, intenta responder a las
preguntas de los presentadores. No te preocupes si
hay algunas palabras o expresiones que desconoces.
Muy probablemente aparecerán de nuevo en otras
secciones de la unidad. Es conveniente que tengas
papel y lápiz a mano, pues puede haber palabras o
explicaciones de los presentadores que te interese
anotar. Cuantas más veces veas el programa, mejor
lo entenderás.
Las actividades de la sección After you watch te
permitirán comprobar tu grado de comprensión
del programa. Si te resultara muy difícil realizar las
actividades de esta sección, deberías volver a ver el
programa y hacerlas de nuevo.
En la sección Now you! se te pide que relaciones
el tema del programa con tus propias vivencias y
opiniones utilizando el lenguaje que has aprendido.
Por eso conviene que hagas esta actividad nada más
ver el programa.
La segunda página consta de tres secciones: Street
Interviews, Activate your English and Now You!, y
en ella se trabajan y practican ciertos aspectos del
idioma utilizado por las personas entrevistadas en la
calle.
6 THAT’S ENGLISH!
Reading (páginas 3 y 4)
Bajo el encabezamiento Reading, se encuentra un
texto relacionado con el tema de la unidad. Léelo las
veces que lo consideres necesario para realizar las
actividades relacionadas con él.
Language Study (páginas 5 y 6)
Estas páginas están dedicadas al desarrollo de los
siguientes aspectos:
Pronunciation
Los ejercicios que vas a encontrar en esta sección son
fundamentales para mejorar tu pronunciación. Para
hacerlos, deberás usar el CD de audio. Conviene que
grabes tu propia voz y la compares con el modelo del
CD. Repite tantas veces como consideres necesario
hasta obtener una pronunciación aceptable.
Listening
Estas actividades sirven no solo para desarrollar la
importantísima destreza de comprender el discurso
oral, sino también para reforzar el vocabulario, las
estructuras y funciones estudiadas.
Vocabulary
Las actividades de vocabulario tienen como objetivo
practicar el que se presenta en el vídeo y en la sección
de Reading e introducir nuevos términos de forma
contextualizada.
Grammar
El conocimiento de las reglas gramaticales te
ayudará a entender ciertas estructuras complejas o
simplemente distintas a las españolas. También te
permitirá corregir tus propias producciones y te dará
sensación de confianza. Recuerda, sin embargo, que
se pueden conocer todas las reglas de una lengua
y ser incapaz de expresarse en la misma, así como
también es posible expresarse con toda fluidez y
corrección sin conocer las reglas.
A lo largo de la unidad encontrarás llamadas de
referencia a la sección Reference section, en la que
encontrarás una explicación más detallada de las
estructuras presentadas.
Speaking
Hay dos clases de actividades de speaking: de
producción y de interacción, identificadas con sus
correspondientes iconos. Las actividades de producción
las realizarás solo. Sin embargo, para trabajar las
actividades de interacción necesitarás a otra persona. Si
conoces a alguien que también esté estudiando inglés,
sería muy útil que pudieras hacer estas actividades con
esta persona. Siempre tienes, por supuesto, la sesión
de tutoría, donde podrás realizar estas actividades con
tus compañeros de clase. Un consejo: no seas tímido.
Lánzate a hablar. No te preocupes por los errores que
puedas cometer. No hay nada más que una forma de
aprender a hablar y es hablando.
Writing
Esta sección te ayudará a desarrollar la destreza de
expresión escrita. Sigue las indicaciones y aprovecha
todas las oportunidades que se te ofrecen para
practicar. No es necesario que todo lo que escribas
sea absolutamente correcto. Relee tus textos y
compáralos con los modelos de respuesta que te
proporcionamos en la clave.
Programa de vídeo B (página 7)
La sesión B, que abarca el segundo programa de
vídeo, tiene por objeto ampliar la lengua presentada
en la sesión A de forma menos controlada y más
natural. Este segundo programa está compuesto por
diversos apartados:
• Documentary: aquí podrás ver un documental sobre
algún aspecto relacionado con el tema de la unidad.
• Same language, different lives: ofrece la oportunidad
de ver a personas de diferentes países de habla
inglesa respondiendo a preguntas relacionadas con
el tema de la unidad. De esta manera, además de
oír diferentes acentos, podrás aprender cómo es la
vida en estos países y contrastarla con la tuya.
• That’s the USA: es una sección con la que podrás
disfrutar de un viaje cultural y turístico por los Estados
Unidos de América conociendo aspectos de la vida
norteamericana. En este módulo visitaremos el estado
de Florida. En cada episodio nuestra presentadora,
Jodi Darren, visita un lugar de interés y conversa
con personas que aportan información sobre lo que
estamos viendo. Esta sección te ayudará a mejorar
tu comprensión auditiva y a conocer de cerca
interesantes aspectos de la cultura norteamericana.
Realiza las primeras actividades de cada sección
antes de verla. Te ayudarán a familiarizarte con el
lenguaje que se va a usar. Haz el resto de actividades
de comprensión después de ver cada sección.
Un consejo: no te preocupes si no entiendes todas
las palabras de cada sección. Lo importante es captar
la información principal y los detalles sobre los que
se pregunta en las actividades de comprensión.
Skills Work (página 8)
Esta página está reservada para trabajar las distintas
destrezas de listening, reading, speaking y writing
de forma integrada y con actividades más abiertas
y menos controladas que las de las sesiones A y B.
Comprueba en la página de respuestas los modelos
que se proporcionan para hacer las actividades
escritas y practica las actividades orales en tu tutoría.
Writing / Speaking (páginas 9 y 10)
En estos módulos del nivel avanzado se alternan cada
dos unidades dos páginas dedicadas a las destrezas
de writing o speaking. En ellas se incluirán actividades
THAT’S ENGLISH!
para analizar textos escritos u orales (forma y
estructura) y el lenguaje y funciones utilizados en
ellos. Al final de cada sección el alumno tendrá que
producir o bien un texto escrito basado en el tipo
de texto trabajado en la sección o bien un texto oral
en forma de monólogo o diálogo. Al final del libro
encontrarás las secciones Writing Reference y Answer
Key. En la primera se incluyen modelos de los tipos de
texto presentados en las unidades, y en la segunda se
ofrecen respuestas modelo para todos los ejercicios.
Self Tests
Al final del libro se incluyen los Self Tests
correspondientes a cada una de las unidades. Estas
páginas te dan la oportunidad de que te autoevalúes
y repases los contenidos fundamentales de la unidad.
Revision Units
En este módulo se han elaborado dos unidades de
revisión. Revision Unit 1, que se encuentra después
de la unidad 4, revisa los contenidos de las cuatro
primeras unidades. Revision Unit 2, que aparece
después de la unidad 9, revisa las cinco restantes.
Constan de cuatro páginas para repasar y
consolidar los contenidos principales del módulo.
Incluyen actividades de gramática, vocabulario y
pronunciación, y práctica de las 4 destrezas.
Unit 10 Exam Strategies
La última unidad del libro está destinada a preparar
el examen de final de módulo. Plantea un modelo de
examen por destrezas similar al que se propone en las
Escuelas de Idiomas de la mayoría de las Comunidades
Autónomas. Además proporciona actividades y
consejos para desarrollar las estrategias necesarias
para enfrentarse a las distintas partes del examen.
Reference Section
En esta sección encontrarás las secciones de
Grammar Reference, Writing Reference y Answer
Key que ya se han mencionado. Además, se incluye
la sección Pronunciation Guide con explicaciones
teóricas del contenido de pronunciación presentado
en las unidades.
Por último, un par de consejos. Primero, intenta
asistir a las sesiones de tutoría con regularidad. Son
fundamentales para el desarrollo de tu competencia
comunicativa. En segundo lugar, te animamos a
que hagas uso de la plataforma digital, en la que
además de todo el contenido del curso digitalizado,
encontrarás material de estudio extra y herramientas
de comunicación que te pueden facilitar tu aprendizaje.
Un saludo y mucho ánimo.
El equipo de That’s English!
7
 1
How are you feeling
UNIT today?
OBJECTIVES
• To discuss feelings of happiness, sadness
and fear
• To write a personal anecdote
A I’ve got a lump in my throat
BEFORE YOU WATCH
1 Match the words (1-4) to the definitions (a-d).
1 an immigrant
2 an economic asylum seeker
3 a political asylum seeker
a can’t stay in their own country because they
are opposed to the government
b has come to live permanently in another country
c wants to live in a country to have access to
jobs, education, health care, etc
WHILE YOU WATCH
2 Answer the questions.
1 Why did Omar come to the UK?
2 How did Omar get to the UK?
AFTER YOU WATCH
3 Choose the correct option.
1 Karen is meeting Omar because she wants to
write an article about him / help him.
2 Omar is upset because his parents are dead /
he can’t get news of his family.
3 Omar’s parents wanted / didn’t want him to
leave the country.
4 Omar was a journalist / scientist in his home
country.
5 The people in Omar’s country are very poor /
scared.
8 THAT’S ENGLISH!
4 Are the statements true (✔) or false (✗). Correct
the false ones.
1 Omar is frightened that he could be sent back
to his own country.
2 Karen thinks that the media is responsible for
making people worry about immigration.
3 Omar feels grateful to the people who helped
him escape from his country.
4 Danny doesn’t want to help Omar.
5 Complete the text about Omar’s history with
the words from the box.
lump in my throat heart-breaking
desperate overtaken by fear
beside herself feel a bit down
‘Nobody becomes an asylum seeker unless
they are completely 1… .’
‘Leaving your family and your country forever
is 2... . I didn’t have the choice.’
‘Since the military takeover, the whole country
has been 3... .’
‘If I came home even a few minutes later than
usual my mother would be 4… with worry. I
left because it was the only thing that would
make her happy.’
‘Every time I 5… about all my problems trying
to be accepted here, I try to remember that.
But if I talk or think about my family for one
second, I get a 6… . I miss them so much.’
NOW YOU!
6 Complete the sentences so that they are true
for you.
1 It brings a lump to my throat when …
I see images of hungry children. It’s normal
to feel desperate if you have absolutely no
money.
2 The most heart-breaking thing I have ever
seen was …
3 When I feel a bit down, I …
4 I would be beside myself with worry if …
5 I was overtaken by fear when …
 STREET INTERVIEWS
7 The speakers below were asked the following question: In what situations do you find it
easier or more difficult to express your emotions?
1 Predict a situation the speakers could mention in which it’s easy to express emotions.
2 Predict a situation they could mention in which it’s difficult to express emotions.

Kristen Cheryl Victor Tina Dena Glenn Chelsi Thierno

8a Complete the statements with one word.

1 Most of the speakers say that they find it easier to express their emotions when they are with
… and … .
2 Tina prefers sharing feelings with people she can … .
3 Kristen needs to feel … in order to talk about her emotions, but Samantha needs to be … .

8b In which situations do the following speakers find it hard to express their emotions?

1 Cheryl 2 Dena 3 Glenn 4 Thierno

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! 9b Complete the sentences with a suitable word

from the table.
9a Complete the table with the correct forms of
words for describing emotions. 1 When I’m angry, that feeling takes over
everything: it’s a(n) … emotion.
Adjective 2 Forcing refugees to talk about their past lives
Noun can bring up sad memories and cause them a
(-ed and -ing form)
lot of … .
annoyance annoyed / 1… 3 It’s impossible not to give him your full
attention; he’s an absolutely … speaker.
4 I badly needed to communicate my situation,
frustration 2
…/… and I felt … by the fact that I couldn’t make
myself understood.
compulsion 3
…/… 5 I really believed I was going to get the job, so it
was a big … to me when I heard someone else
had been chosen.
disappointment 4
…/… 6 I made the decision to leave my country out of
… . I felt I had no other choice.
fear frightened / 5…
NOW YOU!
distress 6
…/… 10 When do you find it easier to express your
emotions? Is there anything that helps you
when trying to share feelings? When do you
desperation desperate have a hard time expressing emotions?

I find it easier to express my feelings to ... , but

7
… / overwhelming I have a difficult time expressing my feelings
to ... . I think they are going to laugh at me
and ...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 9
How are you feeling today?

READING
1a Listen

1
to the people talking about their
emotional reactions to the situations below.
How do you think you would feel?
1 3
2 4
1b Complete the definitions of strong emotions
with the words from the box.
relieved despair rage
ecstatic distress grief
1 People experience … when they are very
angry.
2 You feel … when you realise that something
bad isn’t going to happen.
3 You feel … when you are extremely happy.
4 … is a terrible feeling of deep sadness, e.g. if
someone you love dies.
5 … is a terrible feeling: when a situation is
awful, but nothing you can do will change it.
6 … is a general feeling of unhappiness or
anxiety.
Robot heart
‘Humanity is not something unique and
special,’ he told her not long after they were
married. ‘Every aspect of being human,
including emotions, is based on the law of
physics, and therefore, can be recreated by
scientists. Perfect artificial intelligence is
only a matter of time.’ He didn’t understand
why she was distressed by this. ‘But what
about love?,’ she protested. ‘What about
poetry?’
It was typical of her to introduce irrational
elements into a logical conversation, he
thought. Early in their relationship, he had
found it touching when unimportant things –
a view from a window for example – moved
her to tears or to ecstasy. But gradually, it
just started to irritate him: she cried and
laughed too much and it was simply too easy
to hurt her feelings. Once, when he told her
that her new dress didn’t suit her – a simple
fact – she sobbed for hours. In the evening,
he was exhausted after a long day in the
laboratory and it got on his nerves when she
burst out laughing at a television programme
or poured her heart out to her friends on the
phone. ‘I would appreciate it if you would
make an effort to control yourself,’ he would
say and go into his study closing the door.
The subject of artificial intelligence became
something they couldn’t discuss without
arguing. It hit her really hard when Kara,
the fembot* that was his special project
at the lab, won the Loebing Prize since it
obviously meant that the judges had been
unable to distinguish the robot’s reactions

2 Read the title and first paragraph of the story.

What genre do you think it is?
2 The woman and man’s attitudes to life are … .
1 a love story 3 a murder story a similar b different c the same
2 science-fiction

3 Read the whole story. Choose the correct answers. 3 The idea that it is possible to build a robot
exactly the same as a human … .
1 The main character in the story is … . a distresses the woman
a a robot c a doctor b makes the woman laugh
b a computer scientist c hurts the woman’s feelings

10 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 1

6 The woman is unhappy that the robot the man

built will be used to ... .
a build schools
b make people
c teach children and look after old people

4 Why is the man happy at the end of the story?

What do you think has happened?

5a Look at the expressions in bold in the story and

match them to the phrases below.
1 It affected her so badly she became ill and
incapable of doing anything.
from those of a real human being. Instead of She went to pieces.
being excited for him, she stopped smiling. 2 It made her feel so emotional that she began
And when the lab won a contract to build to cry.
thousands of bots to replace schoolteachers 3 You make me feel extremely uncomfortable.
and care assistants in old people’s homes, 4 She talked very openly without holding
she went to pieces completely and refused to anything back.
leave her bed. ‘Can’t you see how horrifying 5 It affected her strongly.
this is?’ she shouted, almost beside herself 6 She was extremely angry and sad.
with rage and grief. ‘I hate you. You give me 7 It was too easy to make her upset.
the creeps.’
5b Complete the sentences with the correct form
Divorce was not an option, but given her of the expressions from activity 5a.
obvious distress, he decided to allow her to
1 He’s obsessed with Apple products, so he’s
stay with her sister for a few weeks. When beside himself with excitement because the
she returned, her despair – to his relief – had new iPhone is coming out tomorrow.
disappeared. They began spending enjoyable 2 You’ll … Roberto’s … if we invite Ana to the
evenings together in silence, sometimes party and not him.
with a little logical conversation. Even her 3 He relies on his wife for everything – he’ll … if
appearance had improved. Her soft skin and she leaves him.
hair now resembled Kara’s smooth silicon 4 I find the idea that it might be possible to
skin and hair. And when he lay in her arms create robots like human beings absolutely
at night, he seemed to hear, coming from the repulsive: it … me the … .
region of her heart, a very quiet electronic 5 We talked for hours on Skype last night: he …
his … to me about his problems at work.
hum. The sound made him feel calm and
6 It … her … when her parents got divorced. She
happy, and he fell asleep with a blissful smile lost all her self-confidence.
(online source)

on his face. 7 The images of the victims of the genocide …

*fembot: a female robot
me … . I cried for hours.
TRACK 2

6 Complete the sentences so they are true for you.

4 The woman annoys the man because … . 1 It hit me hard when … my parents sold the
family home. I felt as if I was homeless.
a she talks too much
2 In my opinion, the most blissful experience in
b she is too emotional the world is …
c she is always in a rage 3 … gives me the creeps.
5 The winner of the Loebing Prize is a robot 4 I get enraged when …
which is judged to be … . 5 I might go to pieces if …
a as intelligent as a human 6 I would be relieved if …
b no different from a human
c more logical than a human

THAT’S ENGLISH! 11
How are you feeling today?

LANGUAGE STUDY
1a Read the sentences and complete the uses with
-ed or -ing.
1 He was surprised by her reaction.
Her reaction was surprising.
2 My holiday was boring. I felt really bored.
• Adjectives ending in … describe how people feel.
• Adjectives ending in … describe people, things
and situations.
1b Complete the text with the correct form of the
words in brackets.
I am 1… (exhaust). My work commitments are 2…
(tire), and at times 3… (bore) too. I don’t expect
my job to be 4… (thrill), but it should at least be
5… (interest). I’m no longer 6… (motivate) by it,
which is rather 7… (depress). I used to wake up 8…
(exhilarate) by the day’s challenges, but now I’m
9… (disenchant). I want to be 10… (stimulate) by my
work, but the reality is I’m simply not 11… (inspire).
-ed / -ing adjectives page 121
2a Match the faces to the adjectives from the box.
sad angry disgusted
funny afraid surprised
1 3 5 • Really and pretty modify both.
2 It wasn’t simply an ugly town; it was the most
… place I’ve ever visited.
3 She couldn’t believe it when she heard the
surprising news. She was … .
4 I thought I would die: it was a … experience.
5 The film was … – we laughed and laughed.
6 When her dog died she was ... .
3a Listen and mark the stressed syllable in the
underlined words. Does the intonation rise ➚ or
3 fall ➘?
Alice: The film was pretty frightening.
Hugo: It wasn’t a little bit frightening, it was
➚absolutely terrifying!
Alice: The zombies were very ugly. In fact, I
found them deeply disturbing.
Hugo: My dear, they were utterly and completely
repulsive!
3b Listen again and repeat.
3
4a Complete the summary with the modifiers from
activity 3a.
• 1… , 2… and utterly only modify non-gradable
adjectives.
• Slightly, 3… , rather, deeply and 4… only
modify gradable adjectives.
Modifiers page 121

4b Which modifier can’t be used?

2 4 6 1 I’m utterly / very / really exhausted.

2 This room is a little bit / totally / utterly
hideous.
3 Jealousy is a(n) rather / very / utterly ugly
emotion.
4 When he heard the news, he was very / really /
2b Match these extreme adjectives which express absolutely astonished.
strong emotions to those in activity 2a.
5 It was a(n) really / absolutely / slightly
1 grief-stricken / heartbroken very sad astonishing performance.
2 hilarious / sidesplitting
5a Complete the table with gradable and
3 furious / enraged non-gradable adjectives.
4 astonished / astounded
5 terrifying / horrifying Gradable Non-gradable
6 hideous / repulsive
Plot interesting fascinating
Non-gradable adjectives page 121
Script
2c Complete the sentences with a suitable adjective
Actors
from activity 2b.
1 It makes me … when people lie and cheat. Director

12 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 1

5b With a partner develop a dialogue about a film.
The plot was quite Interesting? It was
interesting. absolutely fascinating.
6a Listen and complete the sentences with the
correct form of the verbs from the box.
4
gasp sob chuckle giggle
1 It was awful: her husband had left her and she
was just … uncontrollably.
2 I always … when I’m nervous, for example,
when a boy I like talks to me.
3 The audience … with astonishment when the
actors took off their clothes.
4 All the children found it hilarious, even the
teacher was heard to … .
6b Complete the text with the correct form of the
verbs from the box.
chuckle giggle gasp move touch
overcome burst sob paralyse
Something that affects us emotionally is
1m…: I was 2m… by that film. But if a person
is unexpectedly nice, we say it’s 3t…: Her
kindness 4… me.
When amused, people laugh softly or 5c…, but
if it’s really funny, they’ll 6b… out laughing.
7G… is to laugh nervously or in a silly way: The
4 It was great to see him, but I was so affected
by emotion that I cried loudly.
5 Jane adored her brother’s jokes and always
laughed in a silly way at them.
6 I was pleased that you unexpectedly bought
me flowers.
7a Match the sentences (1-5) to the uses of it (a-c).
1 How far is it to the next town?
2 It’s snowing.
3 It’s good that they are finally talking about
their problems.
4 I don’t like it when people argue over silly things.
5 They love it here.
a Impersonal it: used when there is no real subject.
b Empty it : used when the structure requires an
object but there isn’t one.
c Anticipatory it : used when the subject or
object is very long.
Uses of it page 121
7b Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-5) to
the endings (a-e).
1 How long is it
2 I like it
3 They think it should be recognised
4 I take it
5 It was a real delight

children 8g… when they saw the clown. a here.

A person may 9b… into tears if upset. And b to the next break?
children 10s… loudly when they cry. c to finally have some time off.
When afraid or surprised, people make a noise d this is our best option.
– they 11g…: She 12g… with horror. If we have e that they had the idea first.
a strong reaction, e.g. fear, we are 13o… by it or
14p… with it. 8 Rewrite the sentences. Use the words in
brackets and it expressions.
1 What’s the distance to the nearest big town?
6c Replace the words in italics with the correct (how far)
word or expression from the box.
How far is it to the nearest big town?
chuckled giggled overcome touched 2 He was surprised she didn’t enjoy herself.
paralysed with fear burst out laughing (find / surprising)
burst into tears gasped with astonishment He …
3 Please, try to make less noise. (appreciate / if)
1 When I saw the snake, I was so afraid I couldn’t I would …
move.
4 I understand that there must be some kind of
2 He found the joke amusing and laughed softly problem. (take)
to himself.
I…
3 I made a noise because I was so surprised
when I saw her. She suddenly started laughing 5 He doesn’t think this is a nice place. (not like /
out loud at my expression. here)
He …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 13
How are you feeling today?

B Wearing your emotions on your sleeve

DOCUMENTARY
1 Rank these factors in order of importance (1-5)
for a successful marriage.
sharing the same hobbies and interests
being physically attracted to each other
respecting each other
liking each other’s family and friends
sharing religious and political beliefs
2 The Canadians are maybe a little bit more
closed or … than people in some cultures.
3 In the States, people wear their … on their sleeve.
4 In the States, I think people keep it … ,
especially if they are men.
THAT’S THE USA
6 What do you know about Miami?

2 Watch the documentary and choose the correct

option.
1 Dorinda and her husband split up after …
years of marriage.
a 21 b 31 c 13
2 Dorinda was a(n) … type of wife, who didn’t
have a life independent from her husband.
a daughter b adoring c doormatty
1 Miami is in the state of Alabama / Florida … .
3 When Dorinda started travelling and ‘pushing
boundaries’, her husband … . 2 One of the best ways to tour the city is on a
Segway / bicycle … .
a refused to go with her
3 Cubans went to Ellis Island / Freedom Tower …
b was jealous of the attention she got to be documented and processed.
c was upset because she was away so often
4 Cheryl Massey thinks that when there are Watch the video to check your answers.
negative emotions in a marriage, it’s difficult
for people to … . 7 Watch again and complete the fact file.
a share them so they can be resolved MIAMI
b act them out Visitors 1
… million
c keep them inside The 2… City (because it grew
Nickname
5 Emma and Sean are discussing the … for their so fast)
wedding. 70% from 3… countries and
Community
a menu b guest list c seating plan the Caribbean
6 Cheryl Massey believes that … is essential to The 4… Tower
build a strong marriage. Famous
Little 5... (the Cuban quarter)
landmarks
a feelings c expression The Domino Park
b emotional intelligence Important The largest 6… in the world
yearly event in Calle Ocho
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES
3 Do you think these cultures are openly emotional NOW YOU!
(O) or do people tend to hide their emotions (H)?
8 Complete the statements so that they are true
Jamaica Australia New Zealand Canada for you.
South Africa USA Scotland
1 For me, emotional intelligence is the ability to …
put yourself in somebody else’s place and
4 Watch the video and check your predictions. In imagine how they see things. I think this can
which culture is there a difference of opinion help you solve problems because it gives you
about how emotional people are? more understanding.
2 I wouldn’t like to be a doormatty partner
5 Watch again and complete the statements with because …
one word.
3 I would/wouldn’t like to visit Miami because …
1 In New Zealand it’s important to keep a stiff 4 I think it’s important to keep a stiff upper lip
upper … . when …

14 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 1
SKILLS WORK
1 Which of these statements do you agree with?
1 Women are better at expressing their feelings than men.
2 Society doesn’t allow men to express their feelings openly.
3 Women are emotional and men are rational.

2 Read the article about men and emotion and answer the questions.
1 Do you think it was written by a man or a woman? Why?
2 In your experience, do you think what the writer says about the
differences between the sexes is true? Why / Why not?

Why a man can’t be more like a woman

‘What are you thinking?’ Men hate
it when a woman asks them this
question because it represents a
fundamental difference between
the sexes. Women initially tend
to go quiet when they feel upset
or distressed, yet confusingly
for men, women also want to be
reassured by later talking through
the problem and assume that men
will want the same thing. Men,
however, stop communicating
when they feel they have a problem
to solve.
process emotion in different ways.
In fact, research suggests that men
are actually more sensitive to its
effects. For example, research
with children has demonstrated
that when boys burst out crying,
they release higher levels of stress
hormones into their bloodstream
than girls do. Similarly, when an
adult man becomes very emotional,
he goes to pieces physically much
more than a woman. His blood
pressure skyrockets, and he is
at risk of having a heart attack.
system to return to normal than
for a woman’s. It’s not surprising
then, that if a man thinks he might
be overcome by emotion, his first
instinct is to leave and calm down.
There’s another reason for this
behaviour, too. Men’s brains are
naturally wired for action and
strong emotion, such as anger,
which is likely to result in action –
possibly violence. So, ladies, don’t
let your feelings be hurt when your
man doesn’t want to talk to you
about his problems. It may be that

(online source)
But men are not less emotional It also takes much longer for a he’s just trying to protect himself –
than women: it’s just that the sexes man’s blood pressure and immune and you.
TRACK 5

3 Read the article again and complete the
summary with the correct form of the words in
bold from the text.
When men get 1… or find themselves in 2…
situations, they become more 3… than women
do.They are also more likely to resort to violence.
Women generally manage their emotions more
successfully and when 4… , they need to be 5…
and to talk about their problems.
4a Listen to two couples talking to a relationship
therapist about their reactions to the article.
6 Who is the most emotional person in each
couple, the man or the woman?
4b Listen again and answer the questions.
6 1 What used to hurt Charo’s feelings?
2 How does Charo say that Mark copes with his
emotions?
3 How does Mark explain the fact that he finds it
difficult to talk about his feelings?
4 What makes Gianni ‘beside himself with rage’?
5 What sad event hit Sunita particularly hard?
5 What advice would you give to a young couple
about how to manage their different attitudes
towards expressing their emotions?
Well, I’d say that knowing and accepting
that you’re different is the first step towards
a healthy relationship. Moreover, …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 15
How are you feeling today?

WRITING
1a Choose the best definition of an anecdote.

1 an informal account of an event or experience

2 a funny story
3 a short, interesting, engaging, believable story from the writer’s personal past experience

1b Where would you expect to find personal anecdotes?

1 letters between friends 4 blogs

2 personal statements for university or job applications 5 forums
3 a research paper 6 a report

2 Kibibi Odongo is a Ugandan-born nurse who lives in London. Read her anecdote and complete
it (1-7) with an adverbial phrase (a-g).
a after that c when my sight returned e at the very last moment g for a second
b luckily d as I lay on the floor f it happened some years ago in

A frightening experience
1… a town in the Congo, where I’d been working as a nurse. I absolutely loved my job
and was thrilled to be helping people, but unfortunately civil war had broken out. I’d
already started making plans to leave and was quite relieved to be going: in fact, if I’m
honest, I was actually desperate to leave. But on the morning of my departure, a group
of rebel soldiers arrived. They were looking for food, money and petrol, and they would
kill anyone who got in their way.
2… , I’d had just enough time to hide under the bed. 3… , I could see the soldiers’ boots as

they passed by. My heart was beating so hard I thought it might explode. If they found
me, I knew I’d be severely beaten before they eventually killed me, and by then, I knew
I would be glad to die. I’d been in war zones before and I knew what some soldiers were
capable of: I’d been utterly horrified by the atrocities I’d seen.
Finally, after what seemed like forever, the soldiers started to leave. But 4… , one of them
stopped and bent down to pick up a ball that was next to the bed. He turned his head and
looked straight into my eyes. He smiled slowly and I started to shake uncontrollably. 5… ,
everything happened in slow motion. He stood up and came towards me, and my blood
turned to ice. 6… , everything went black, I think I’d literally fainted with terror.
But 7… , the soldier was running to catch up with his colleagues. He didn’t look back and
he soon disappeared. I don’t know what had made him smile when he looked into my
eyes, but thankfully, he had been touched by it and his humanity had triumphed.

3 Tick (✔) the emotions you think she was feeling.

relief joy amusement ecstasy surprise

fear rage envy despair love

Writing a personal anecdote

4 Complete the groups of adverbial phrases with a phrase from the box which has a similar
meaning.

surprisingly then finally for one moment at first

1 to start with, in the beginning, ... 4 luckily, fortunately, ...

2 after that, what happened next was, ... 5 for a second, for some time, ...
3 eventually, in the end, ...

16 THAT’S ENGLISH!

5 Read the anecdote again and answer the
questions.
1 When and where did the action take place?
2 Who was involved in the action?
3 What is the key event that grabs the reader’s
attention in this story?
4 Why was the writer so frightened? What did
she think was going to happen?
6 Anecdotes should use descriptive and evocative
language. Replace the highlighted words with
the words from the box.
ecstatic devastated by desperate
turned my blood to ice fainted with terror
1 We were all very upset about his death.
2 I was so scared that I literally lost consciousness
from the fright.
3 Everyone was very happy when the war
ended.
4 They’re in a real hurry to live somewhere else.
5 The thought of the destruction a bomb could
cause frightened me a lot.
7a Look at the first paragraph of the story again.
1 What tense is used to talk about the background
action?
2 What tense is used to refer back to what
happened before the time of speaking?
7b Complete the paragraphs with the correct past
tense of the verbs in brackets.
1 It happened when I … home late from work. I
… late in the office to finish some work and I
… tired. (drive / stay / feel)
2 A few years ago, I spent a year living in Mexico
City. I … in a big hotel in the city centre. I …
never … work so hard before and I ... it difficult.
(work / have to / find)
3 I was once invited to stay in the home of a
billionaire. It was about the middle of my visit
and I … myself very much. I … any of the other
guests before and I … very alone. (not enjoy /
not meet / feel)
8a Good anecdotes should have memorable
endings. Choose the best endings for the
anecdote beginnings in activity 7b.
1 a When I got home I went to bed and slept
very well because I was very tired.
b I was very shaken by the whole experience
and as soon as I got home, I poured myself a
large drink.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 1
2 a That experience, though hard, was
invaluable: I realised I was capable of
making it on my own.
b I learnt a lot from working in that environment,
and I really enjoyed myself.
3 a Then I started talking to some people and I
actually had a great time: they were really
funny.
b I realised that underneath everyone is the
same and that we shouldn’t judge people on
what they have or don’t have.
8b Write a one-sentence memorable ending for
these anecdotal situations.
1 I had had the best day of my life! It was a
sunny summer’s day and I’d arranged to meet
some friends for a quiet picnic in the park.
2 I’d been studying hard all year and I was
exhausted. The exams had been challenging
and I was nervous about the results.
3 The holiday of a lifetime … at least that’s what
the advert had said. It all started to go wrong
from the moment I stepped out of my front
door.
9a Think of a time in your life when you experienced
a strong emotion. Look at the questions in
activity 5 and make notes.
9b Write a short anecdote (150-180 words) about
an occasion when you experienced a strong
emotion. Use your notes from activity 9a.
Remember to include the following:
• who, what, when, where and why
• narrative tenses
• adjectives, adverbs and modifiers to make the
story interesting and powerful
• sequencing words and adverbial phrases
• connectors to link the actions
• a memorable ending
17
UNIT
2 It’s just good manners

OBJECTIVES
• To discuss personal habits and social
customs
• To describe changes in social behaviour

A When in Rome ...

BEFORE YOU WATCH 3 Where is Anthony taking Shelly?
4 What has Bridget bought?
1 Match the American words to the British
equivalent from the box. 5 Read the extracts from the drama and match the
expression in bold with a meaning from the box.
mobile lift trousers taxi pavement mum
to be introverted and reserved
1 cab 3 cell 5 elevator
to find something very surprising
2 pants 4 mom 6 sidewalk to adapt your behaviour
to avoid a topic
WHILE YOU WATCH
1 Shelly: I just gave him a load of coins.
2 Answer the questions.
Anthony: They were pound coins, mom.
Shelly: Well, blow me down. That little thing is
a pound?
2 Anthony: Listen, mom, don’t take this the
wrong way, the English keep themselves to
themselves more than us.
3 Shelly: When your father was alive, I would
1 What aspects of Bridget’s behaviour does Shelly never put my plans before his.
criticise? Anthony: Don’t go there, mom.
4 Anthony: Mom, you’re not putting that on
my chef’s salad. You’re not at home now. And
when in Rome, do as the Romans do.

6 Complete the sentences with the correct

expression from activity 5.

2 What things does Shelly notice are different in
British cafés and restaurants?
AFTER YOU WATCH
3 Are the statements true (✔) or false (✗)? Correct
the false ones.
1 Generally speaking, Americans tip more
generously than British.
2 Anthony’s mother doesn’t talk much.
3 Americans are more reserved than English.
4 Bridget promises not to miss the wine tasting
evening next week.
5 Shelly is worried about her weight.
4 Answer the questions.
1 Why is Bridget upset with the shop assistant?
2 Why does the man pay for Shelly’s coffee?
1 Whilst you’re here, I’d advise the women to
wear trousers in public. So, … .
2 A: He’s a good worker, but he’s late every day.
I need to speak to him about it.
B: Just … , Jim. People have different attitudes
to time over here.
3 Well, … . If it isn’t my old friend, Al! What on
earth are you doing here?
4 It’s not that people are unfriendly, they just …
more than we do.
NOW YOU!
7 What examples of good manners do you think
are most essential? What examples of bad
manners annoy you the most?
One example of essential good manners for
me is ...

18 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following question: Are you a creature of habit and in
what ways?
1 Predict two habitual actions that the speakers will mention.
2 Watch the video and check your predictions.

Kristen Cheryl Nicole Gina Victor Thierno Borislav

9a Which speakers … ?

1 don’t see themselves as creatures of habit

2 are religious people
3 talk about the things they do after they wake up in the morning
4 mention OCD (obsessive compulsive disorder) and touching things in a certain order
5 wish they could be less of a creature of habit outside their work and daily routine

9b Complete the sentences with up to three words in each gap.

Cheryl: I do the same things every day. 1… the day with morning mass and then go out with
friends. I’m back home at a certain time to 2… the house.
Victor: Personally, I do everything the same way, every day. So, um, everything. So, from
when I wake up in the morning, I brush my teeth the exact 3… . When I shower, I dry
off in the very exact same way. I 4… .
Borislav: I have 5… every day and that's what I do.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! 10b Rewrite the descriptions of habits using the
structures given in activity 10a.
10a Match the beginnings of the phrases (1-5) from
the videos to the endings (a-e). 1 You often talk about buying a new house.
(always + -ing go on about)
1 Everything I do, You’re always …
2 It’s common to 2 People in my country usually shake hands the
3 She’ll go on for ever first time they meet. (common)
4 I know I’m always 3 She always chooses blue; she doesn’t like any
5 You’re always going on other colour. (has to)
4 They often try new diets because they want to
a about seeing a musical in the West End. lose weight. (always + -ing)
b doing this. 5 He finds it difficult to make decisions. I always
c leave 20% if the service is good. decide for him. (will never)
d it has to be the same.
e if you don’t stop her. NOW YOU!
11 Are you a creature of habit?

I’m definitely a creature of habit. I need …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 19
It’s just good manners
READING
1a Match the behaviour shown in the pictures to
the verbs in the box.
hug slap someone on the back
have good manners pick your nose boast
blush / feel embarrassed
After
1
you!
4
2 5
3 6
1b Complete the sentences about British culture
with words from activity 1a.
1 In the past, men who used to open doors for
women were said to … , but not so much now.
2 We normally only … people … to congratulate
them, for example if they win a competition.
3 Family will … you, but you’d be shocked if
your colleagues did.
4 It is generally considered bad taste to … about
how much money you have.
5 Young people sometimes drink too much and
behave badly. They often … and … about their
behaviour next day!
6 It’s considered rude to … in public or burp
when eating in company.
2 Read the title and the first paragraph of the
following text. Where do you think the text is
from?
1 a biography
2 an American magazine
3 a British magazine
20
A legal alien: an
Englishman in LA
British Actor, Ralph Wilding, talks
about adapting to life in Hollywood
The first thing a British person needs to adapt
to when in LA is the optimism. Angelinos tend
to present everything positively since, as the
writer Julian Fellowes* observes, ‘LA is a town
where status is all and status is only given to
success. How’s the family? Great! The new job?
Best decision I ever made! The house? Terrific!
And this is when you both know that our man
is bankrupt, the bank is about to repossess his
house, his children are on drugs and his wife
about to divorce him.’
If you want to fit in in LA society, you too
will have to learn this optimism. And this
includes getting used to ‘talking up’ your
achievements. In Britain, we value modesty
and there’s a stigma attached to talking about
one’s own achievements. In fact, the opposite
– self-deprecation – is more acceptable.
However, in a place where everything – even
your shoes – is all ‘great’, it’s not a good idea
to put yourself down. If you’ve just won the
Nobel Prize for literature, don’t say to people,
‘Yes my last little book did rather well’. People
will either be offended by your insincerity, or
worse, simply believe that your book really is
nothing special.
Another thing that can be a culture shock for
Europeans is the American work ethic. My
LA friends will go on and on about how hard
they work: they’re always boasting about their
‘100-hour weeks’ as if they were a status
symbol. Hard work is highly valued in
American culture, an attitude that dates
from the Pilgrim Fathers, the first European
settlers. Even now, most American companies
only give two weeks’ paid annual holiday and
THAT’S ENGLISH!

workers are expected to arrive early and stay
late daily.
The puritanical streak in American culture
expresses itself in other ways too. Many of the
rules of ‘polite behaviour’ my friends lecture
their children about – don’t stare at people or
pick your nose in public, put your hand over
your mouth when you yawn, don’t burp or put
your elbows on the table during meals – are
also part of British culture. But I was surprised
by how much less adult Angelinos swear, drink
or tell rude jokes than my British friends, and by
the strict laws about swearing and nudity on TV.
But if you can cope with becoming a wildly
optimistic workaholic, there is much to enjoy
in Los Angeles. It’s easy to like the friendly,
physically demonstrative Angelinos. At first,
I used to be embarrassed when my colleagues
hugged me and slapped me on the back, and
when the (male!) receptionist at the studio
said, ‘You look great in that sweater, it matches
your eyes’, I would find it difficult not to blush.
But now, I’ve started hugging and backslapping
myself – and no doubt I’ll soon start telling
people they look fantastic too. In LA, it’s only
good manners – and I think I’ll miss it when I
go home.
*Past Imperfect by Julian Fellowes TRACK 8
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 2
3 Read the complete text. What does the author
say about … ?
1 success 4 optimism
2 modesty 5 hugging people
3 work 6 good manners
4 Read the text again and decide if the sentences
are true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the false ones.
1 Ralph thinks that the Angelinos are more
positive than the British.
2 Angelinos don’t especially admire very
successful people.
3 Modesty is important to the Angelinos. You
shouldn’t boast about your success.
4 Ralph probably tends to be self-deprecating.
5 Americans work longer hours than most
Europeans.
6 Ralph still feels uncomfortable when his
American colleagues hug him.
5 Complete the sentences with the expressions in
bold from the text.
1 My parents always had a strong … and would
only give me pocket money if I helped round
the house.
2 iPhones have become an important … for
young professionals.
3 Although my father isn’t normally … , he
gave me a big hug when I came back from six
months in Australia.
4 In the acting profession, there’s … to women
being overweight.
5 Living in China was a huge … for him and he
found it difficult to adapt.
6 I think … is charming: modesty and being able
to laugh at yourself is great.
7 He’s got a bit of a … , he seems to feel that
enjoying himself is wrong!
6 Complete these sentences so that they are true
for you.
1 My attitude towards the American work ethic
is …
that it’s ridiculous! How can anyone think it’s
healthy to work a 100-hour week and only
have two weeks’ holiday?
2 Among my possessions, the object that is
closest to a status symbol is … because …
3 I do / don’t consider myself a physically
demonstrative person. I often / don’t usually …
4 When people are self-deprecating, I …
5 In our society, I think there is a stigma attached
to …
21
It’s just good manners
LANGUAGE STUDY
1a Listen to three people talking about their habits
when eating out, travelling or shopping. Who
9 talks about what?
1 Liliane: … 2 Robert: … 3 Dieter: …
1b Listen again and answer the questions.
9 1 What does Liliane say about lists? What is she
always looking for?
2 What will Robert always visit before he eats
out? What is he constantly trying?
3 What is Dieter always experimenting with?
What will he try to do before he gets on the plane?
1c Listen again and complete the sentences.
9 L: I 1… often … a list before I go out but I 2…
always … it. I 3… also always … for bargains.
R: I 4… always … the kitchens. I 5… just … my head
round the door. I 6… constantly … new places.
D: I 7… usually … to the airport with lots of time.
I 8… almost always only … hand luggage. I 9…
always … with ways to carry as little luggage
as possible. I 10… to find somewhere to eat.
Describing habits page 123
2 Think about your eating out, shopping and
travel habits. What type of things do you find
yourself always doing? What will you usually do
as a matter of course?
Eating out: When I’m meeting friends for lunch
or supper, I’ll always let someone else choose
the restaurant.
Shopping: ...
Travel: ...
3 Tom (British) and Jen (American) live in London,
which Jen hates. Complete the dialogue between
Tom’s mother and sister with the correct form of
the verb in brackets: will + infinitive or present
continuous.
Mother: Jen is having a difficult time in London.
She 1won’t go out (not go out) and try to
meet people, and she 2… (never help)
in the house. She 3… constantly …
(moan) about how dirty and expensive
London is, but she 4… (spend) a fortune
on taxis and clothes every week.
22
Sister: Why doesn’t she get a job?
Mother: Well, it’s not easy for an unknown
American actress. And if I suggest she
does something else, she 5… (get) really
angry. Sometimes she 6… (not speak)
to me for days. And she 7… always …
(make) plans for when they’re back in LA.
Sister: Does Tom know how unhappy she is?
Mother: Of course, and he 8… always … (talk)
about moving back to the States, but
I don’t think he’s serious. When she’s
upset he 9… (buy) her presents and he
10… (make) her promises, but I think he
should be honest with her.
Describing repetitive behaviour page 123
4 Tom and Jen are talking about their marriage
problems. Rewrite their remarks using the
structure in brackets.
1 Tom: She shouted at me a lot. (keep on)
She kept on shouting at me.
2 Jen: I always believed that we would soon be
moving back to LA. (carry on)
3 Jen: When he told me about staying in
London, I cried a lot. (repetition of verb)
4 Tom: I always hoped that our marriage would
work. (keep on)
5 Jen: I continued trying to find a job. I refused
to give up. (go on)
6 Tom: I tried to earn more so she’d be happy: I
worked a lot. (repetition of verb)
7 Jen: He comes home late from the office every
night. (present continuous + always)
5a Look at the extract from Jen’s diary. Then choose
the correct answers to complete the explanation.
I’m trying to get used to living in the UK, but
it’s hard. I just can’t get used to the accents –
well, I am used to Tom and his mother’s accent
now, and with time I might even get used to
their friends’. When I first arrived, nobody could
understand me either, but everyone seems to
be used to hearing my American accent now.
THAT’S ENGLISH!

• If you are used to something you 1don’t find /
find it unusual.
• If you are getting used to something you 2are /
aren’t becoming accustomed to it.
• Be used to and get used to can be followed by
3
a noun / -ing or a noun.
Get used to and be used to page 123
5b Complete the rest of the extract with the correct
form of be used to or get used to and the verb
in brackets.
Also, I find the English very distant. In the US, I 1…
friendly smiles from everyone, and so I can’t 2…
(be) polite but reserved all the time. In Los Angeles,
I had my own car, and so I 3… (be) independent. But
here I simply can’t 4… (drive) on the left, so I take
taxis. And as for the weather! Well, coming from
LA I 5… (feel) warm all the time, though I suppose I
6… the cold now – at least my nose isn’t constantly
red now! But I don’t think I’ll ever 7… the rain. And
I definitely won’t ever 8… the short winter days –
it’s dark at 4:30 pm!
6 Choose the correct form of the verb. In which
case are both options correct?
I 1used to live / would live in the Hasidic
Jewish community in Brooklyn. My childhood
was very happy. I 2wouldn’t be / didn’t use
to be dissatisfied with the Hasidic way of life
then. That started when I was older. At school,
we studied the Torah and I 3would make / used
to make the Rabbi angry by asking too many
questions: I 4got used to / get used to being
regularly punished for my curiosity! There
were so many things we were forbidden to
do: I 5used to speak / would never speak
to girls for example, except for my sisters,
because there was complete segregation of
the sexes. I 6used to want to / would want
to go to the movies so badly that I started
going in secret. As a teenager, I worked with
my father as a wedding singer and we 7would
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 2
sing / didn’t use to sing and dance all over
New York. The men and the women celebrate
separately at Hasidic weddings, but I 8got
used to wondering / used to wonder what
it would be like if we could sing and dance
together.
Describing past habits and routines page 124
7a Write three things you used to / didn’t use to do
and three things you would / would never do
when you were younger.
I didn’t use to be very shy as a child, in fact, I was
pretty outgoing.
I would never drink my milk at morning break. It
used to make me feel sick.
7b Write three things you are used to doing or are
getting used to doing now.
I’m used to trying new foods from different
countries.
I’m gradually getting used to the heat.
8a Check the highlighted verbs in the text on pages
20-21. Complete the sentences with the correct
form of a verb from A and a preposition from B.
A
adapt talk put fit cope
B
with down to up in
1 He is finding it difficult to … his new life in Brazil.
2 Don’t … yourself … . You’re just as good at
your job as anybody else in the office!
3 She’s worried that she won’t … very well in
her new job. She’s younger than most of her
colleagues and the only woman.
4 He’s always … his great qualifications, but he
isn’t any better than you or me.
5 Do you think you can … looking after a family
and working full time?
8b Complete the sentences so they are true for you.
1 In order to fit in with my friends / in my family,
you need to be interested in sport, or at least
pretend!
2 I often find it difficult to cope with …
3 Something I’ve had to adapt to is …
4 When someone brings up the topic of … in
conversation, I …
23
It’s just good manners

B Modern working habits

DOCUMENTARY THAT’S THE USA
1 Answer the questions. 5 Match the words (1-3) to the pictures (a-c).
1 wood carving 2 basketry 3 beadwork
a

1 How many hours do you usually work a day or

a week?
2 Do you usually take a lunch break? How long b
is it?
3 What makes you happy at work?

2 Watch the documentary and decide if the

sentences are true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the
false ones.
1 If someone is chained to their desk this means
they work for long hours and often don’t take
c
a lunch break.
2 Habitual overwork can result in workers
becoming exhausted and burnt out.
3 Salesforce is an innovative company with a
very open culture.
4 Salesforce encourages the spirit of competition
in its employees.
5 Damilola Erinle from Salesforce thinks work
and home life shouldn’t be separate.
6 Watch the video and answer the questions?
6 Consultant Charles Fair says that trust is not
that important in creating a great workplace. 1 What is a chickee?
2 How long did it take Linda to make the big
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES sweet grass basket?
3 Why did the Seminole have a reputation for
3 Which of these personal qualities or habits do
being ‘wild people’?
you personally appreciate the most? Choose
your top three. 4 In traditional Seminole society, who is the
head of the family?
politeness openness sense of humour 5 Which clan do Sam and his family belong to?
kindness punctuality cleanliness
being respectful honesty NOW YOU!
7 What personal qualities do you think are the
4 Watch the video. For which culture is each of the most and the least highly valued by Spanish
qualities or habits below the most important? people?
1 sense of humour
I think one of the qualities Spanish
… and New Zealand people value most is ... . It’s very
2 respect for your elders important to come across as a ...
3 being kind and polite and having good manners person who means what they say.
4 general respect for people around you
5 being close to your family I don’t think the Spanish value … as
6 punctuality and cleanliness much as in some other cultures ...

24 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 2
SKILLS WORK
1 In which parts of the world do you think
there may still be undiscovered tribes?
What do you know or have you heard
about them?

2a Read the text about the Sentinelese. How

would you describe their attitude towards
strangers?

The last undiscovered tribe: the Sentinelese

North Sentinel Island is a tiny island of about 72 km2
in the Bay of Bengal and is part of the territory of
India. On the island lives a remarkable isolated tribe
whose habits and customs haven’t changed since
the Neolithic Age and who reject, with violence, any
type of communication with outsiders. They attack
– and will kill – anyone who tries to visit the island.
Anthropologists believe that the tribe originally
migrated from Africa around 60,000 years ago. They
live exactly like our earliest ancestors: they don’t
even practise agriculture, but instead survive on a
diet of jungle fruits, fish and honey.
In the 80s, an Indian anthropologist called TN
Pandit started to try to make friendly contact with
the Sentinelese. His team would leave gifts of
pigs and coconuts on the beach, but for years, the
Sentinelese would take the gifts, and in return,
shoot arrows at the expedition boat. Finally, in 1991,
the tribe allowed Pandit alone to land, but he had
to take off his glasses and all his clothes first. The
Sentinelese didn’t understand what his clothes were
for and believed that he could be hiding something
under them!
Pandit believes there are between 100–250
Sentinelese. He visited them many times, recorded
their language and learned their traditional greeting,
which is to sit on your friend’s knee and slap your
right buttock. However, they are not interested in
adapting to modern life – all they want is to be left
alone. The Indian government has decided to honour
their wishes, at least for now, and has introduced a 3
mile ‘no-go’ zone round the island.
TRACK 10

2b Read the text again and complete the table about the Sentinelese.
Where they live
Diet
Size of population
Traditional greeting

3 Sanjay Singh, an Indian anthropologist, is talking to Laila Da Silva, a student, about his
experiences with the Sentinelese. Listen and answer the questions.
11
1 What does Sanjay say about the Sentinelese’s attitude to fire?
2 What surprises Laila about the Sentinelese social structure?
3 Why does she say that the Sentinelese have ‘an ideal life’?
4 What three examples does Sanjay give of ways in which the Sentinelese way of life could
seem very primitive to us?

4 In your own words write a paragraph (70-100 words) about the Sentinelese. Include the
information in activity 2b and say what you think would be the advantages and disadvantages
of introducing them to modern civilization.
The Sentinelese live on an island off the coast of India and follow a way of life that is probably
similar to how our ancestors lived thousands and thousands of years ago. The population of
the Sentinelese is estimated to be between 100 to 250 in total …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 25
It’s just good manners

SPEAKING
1 Discuss the questions. 4 What is an expletive?
5 What do you think ‘mind your language’ means?
1 Do you sometimes swear? When?
2 When is swearing acceptable and not 2b Listen again and complete the exclamations.
acceptable in your culture?
3 Are there any words that you consider taboo 12 1 Absolutely … !
and would never use? 2 Why … did they do that?
3 What in … are they doing now, … idiots?
I rarely swear and I find it quite offensive when
4 He’s … person I would consider employing!
other people do. Like my grandmother always
used to say, ‘If your vocabulary weren’t so 5 Don’t look now, but … Sam is coming!
limited, you wouldn’t need to swear.’ 6 For … , mind your language!
Showing impatience page 124

2c Underline the most stressed word(s) and mark

with an arrow the intonation (➘ then ➚, or ➚
13 and then ➘) in the exclamations in activity 2b.
Listen again, check and repeat.
➚ ➘
1 Absolutely no way!

3 Complete the sentences below.

2a Listen to a linguistics expert talking about
swearing and exclamations in English. Answer In an expletive or exclamative sentence,
12 the questions. • the intonation often 1goes up / goes up and
then down.
1 Which three subjects are most English
swearwords related to? • the intonation is 2more / less heavily marked
than usual.
2 What two English swearwords does the
speaker mention? • the expletive or exclamative is the 3most /
3 Where do they originate from? least heavily stressed word in the sentence.
Intonation of exclamations page 147

Monologue: comparing social habits and customs

4a Match the descriptions from the box to the photos.

invading someone’s personal space having a laid-back attitude complaining

public displays of affection slurping your food deferential behaviour

1 3 5

2 4 6

26 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 2

4b Discuss your answers to the questions with a partner.

I can’t stand it when people slurp or eat with
1 What eating habits do you consider unacceptable? their mouth open. It’s just such bad manners!
2 What are your feelings about public displays of affection?
3 Do you usually complain if you have a problem in a shop or a restaurant?
4 Who do you habitually defer to: e.g. your parents, older people, your boss?
5 Do you have a laid-back attitude to life or are you more uptight?

5a Listen to Satoshi Mizushima talking about his country’s culture and social customs and
choose the correct answers.
14
1 Satoshi is comparing Japanese and British culture / experiences and attitudes.
2 He says that the British / Japanese used to have a reputation for being reserved.
3 He describes a kiss / a bow as ‘an intimate gesture’.
4 European societies are less / more individualistic than Japanese society.
5 He says that both the British and the Japanese / the Japanese prefer indirect communication.
6 According to Satoshi, not saying what you think hurts / protects social harmony.
7 Satoshi thinks that the Japanese and the British share a tendency to be eccentric / dress
crazily.

5b Listen again and complete the phrases Satoshi uses in his talk.

14 1… my experience,
Making generalisations
2… speaking,
Drawing attention to a funny or surprising fact 3… enough,
Illustrating a point 4… , for example
Not 5… , but also
Adding points
But 6… us not forget (that)
Contrasting This is in 7… to
Concluding / summarizing All in 8…

5c Add the expressions from the box to the table in activity 5b.

To conclude / sum up To give you an idea Surprisingly On the other hand But in fact / actually

6a You are going to prepare a talk contrasting the habits of your own culture with another culture
you know about. Choose three of the topics from the box below and make some notes.

food social life culture social life: families get together to celebrate
money and work greeting styles important dates like birthdays, anniversaries, etc …
attitudes towards animals and children greeting styles: friends always kiss on both
cheeks when they meet, …

6b Give your talk. Use your notes from activity 6a to help you and include expressions from
activity 5b to structure your talk and contrast your main ideas.

I am going to talk about the differences between Spanish and American culture.
In my experience, most Americans …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 27
UNIT
3 A bright future
OBJECTIVES
• To make predictions
• To organise written information
A Exceptionally gifted
BEFORE YOU WATCH
1 Do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Being good at school subjects like languages and
maths is a sign of true intelligence.
WHILE YOU WATCH
2 Answer the questions.
1 Why is Adrian worried about Rosie?
2 What possible reason does Laura give for Rosie’s
poor results at school?
AFTER YOU WATCH
3 Answer the questions.
1 What did the teacher tell Adrian about Rosie’s
attitude to school?
2 What did the teacher say may be Rosie’s problem?
3 What mistake did Karen recall making at school?
4 What help did Karen get and why?
5 How does Karen offer to help Adrian?
4 Decide if the following sentences are true (✔) or
false (✗). Correct the false ones.
1 Adrian thinks the puzzles look difficult.
2 IQ tests are not always fully accurate in assessing
children’s abilities.
3 The multiple intelligence test will definitely
reveal if visual-spatial intelligence is Rosie’s
strongest area.
4 The tests revealed that Rosie is unusually bright.
5 Rosie is now getting extra encouragement at
school.
28
5 Choose the option that best matches the
expressions that Adrian and Laura use.
1 Adrian: Some of those look mind-bending.
a They require a lot of effort.
b They seem very difficult.
2 Adrian: Rosie loves puzzles. She’s bound to be
able to do them.
a She’ll almost certainly be able to do them.
b She has no choice whether to do them or not.
3 Laura: Some doubt has been cast over the
accuracy of the IQ test.
a It is definite that IQ tests are inaccurate.
b It is uncertain whether IQ tests are accurate.
4 Laura: I’m not trying to blind you with science.
a To confuse you with technical information.
b To make you think I am very intelligent.
5 Adrian: Rosie’s been identified as exceptionally
gifted.
a She has a natural talent for arts.
b Her intelligence quotient is very much above
average.
6 Use the correct form of the expressions from
activity 5 to complete the sentences.
1 One student took a mobile phone into the
exam room and so ... over all the results.
2 Some children who behave badly at school
are in fact ... and bored by normal lessons.
3 I tried my best to follow the lecture on the
universe, but the speaker ... and I couldn’t
follow it.
4 Alice has always been brilliant at maths so
she’s ... to get an A grade.
5 I can’t understand these instructions for
installing this machine at all – they seem ... .
NOW YOU!
7 Compare the experiences of Rosie and Karen in
the drama with your own experience at school.
I really understand how Rosie felt because
I was always being told off for ... In fact, I
couldn’t see the board and ... I didn’t have
a problem like that but I recall one of my
friends was often in trouble for ...
THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers were asked the following question: Can you tell us about a time when you acted
intelligently, or wished you had?
1 In which of the following situations do you think acting intelligently is important?
1 solving problems 3 everyday life 5 choosing a holiday 7 studying
2 playing a board game 4 career decisions 6 watching TV

2 Watch the video to see if any of the ideas are mentioned.

Jenna Cheryl Diquietta Nicole Chelsi Victor Thierno Borislav

9a Which speakers … ?

1 have to solve unexpected problems on a regular basis

2 realised there would be problems at work and left the job
3 have learnt to control their behaviour from past bad experience
4 act intelligently, doing every day what they are supposed to do
5 think studying is a wise choice
6 regret not acting more wisely in a particular situation

9b Listen to the speakers and complete the sentences.

Jenna: I think every day I do something really clever, to be honest. Working, going to work,
getting up, doing what you 1... to do every day.
Diquietta: I 2... something very intelligent would be graduating from college.
Victor: You have to 3... ways to fix it.
Thierno: So I’m being 4... right now and I’m being intelligent, so I’m very proud of that, yes.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH!
10a Match the expressions from activity 9b (1-4) to
the meanings (a-d).
a intelligent
b think about a problem and decide on the solution
c everyone thinks you should
d think
10b Complete the sentences so that they are true
for you.
1 I guess something very intelligent would be ...
2 I’m good at / not good at figuring out ways to ...
3 Doing everything you’re supposed to do is ...
4 Some people think ... is smart but in my opinion ...
10c Use the correct form of the expressions from
activities 5 and 9b to complete the text.
get older. Scientists have proved keeping the
brain active is 2... have a positive effect so many
people try to do 3... puzzles regularly to challenge
their brains. Consuming fish oil may be beneficial
especially for children although recently 4... on
its usefulness. However, many parents believe
that giving their children fish oil will help them
develop their potential and become 5... . In the
past people were 6... stand on their heads for ten
minutes a day so that more blood reached the
brain but luckily that idea is no longer popular! A
lot of websites which are trying to sell vitamins
try to 7... which can leave you even more unsure
what to do. I 8... the answer is to keep your mind
active and eat healthily.
NOW YOU!
11 Think about a time you acted intelligently or
wish you had.

Nowadays, many people are interested in I remember I didn’t listen to my teacher’s

improving their memory and staying 1... as they advice about my studies and later I realised ...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 29
A bright future
READING
1a Classify the statements into advantages and
potential dangers of using technology. Add your
own ideas.
1 Machines can’t interpret feelings, so
interaction is more dehumanised.
2 We are too dependent on computers and
technology, which is problematic if a machine
breaks or crashes.
3 Machines don’t make mistakes, people do.
4 Workers are replaced by machines, which
increases unemployment.
5 People stop thinking about how to solve
problems because machines can do it for them.
6 Technology means more people have access
to education, health care, etc.
Advantages Potential dangers
1b Read the text. What potential dangers does it
mention?
2 Read the text again and complete the paragraphs
(1-5) with the missing words (a-e).
a However, according to
b There are also concerns that millions of jobs
c Just imagine a world where a person’s mind
can live forever
d Colleagues recall thinking Kurzweil was mad,
e Ray Kurzweil started out as a technology
whizzkid
3 Choose the best summary for the text.
1 Humans will not be able to control artificial
intelligence.
2 Artificial intelligence can benefit society in
numerous ways but it must be controlled.
3 The benefits of artificial intelligence are much
greater than the dangers.
30
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:
GOOD OR EVIL?
1 ... because it is linked to a computer, a world
where all vehicles are driverless and where tiny
computers will thin our blood automatically,
and therefore, increase our brainpower. A
nightmare or a thrilling prospect? It all depends 5
on whose point of view you share.
2 ... whose unusual theories and predictions
have often become reality: in 1990, he
predicted that a computer would beat a world
chess master by 1998. In 1997 IBM’s Deep 10
Blue achieved this. He is also the brains
behind many devices that have transformed
the world, such as the first computer program
that could actually read type. Kurzweil now
predicts that the moment when a computer 15
will show intelligent behaviour similar to a
human’s will be reached in 2029.
3 ... but now his views are more accepted.
Recently, Kurzweil was made the leader of
Google’s artificial intelligence (AI) project 20
and announced that his team are going to
brainstorm ideas and will be developing
programs to teach computers to understand
natural language. At present, computers don’t
understand the meaning of what we write, so 25
they can’t interpret the message. But by 2045,
Kurzweil predicts that computers will have
become a billion times more powerful than all
the human brains on Earth. While that might
sound worrying to you and me, Kurzweil is 30
very excited by the idea. He even feels that the
changes we are going to see will be beneficial
for and desired by everyone – for him, it’s a
no-brainer.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 3

4 Are the following statements true (✔) or false

(✗)? Find information in the text to justify your
4 ... Professor Stephen Hawking, ‘the development 35
answers.
of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of
the human race’. Hawking suffers from motor 1 Ray Kurzweil’s ideas are not very practical.
neurone disease and uses a new computer 2 Ray Kurzweil is more respected now than before.
system to generate speech. The system, using a 3 Experts don’t know exactly when computers
predictive text keyboard which is the brainchild 40 will demonstrate the ability to think like humans.
of British company Swiftkey, analyses how 4 Computers can already understand the
the professor thinks and his personal style, concepts in a text.
retrieves the information, and then suggests 5 Ray Kurzweil cannot understand why anyone
would object to the benefits AI will bring the
words he might want to use. While Hawking
human race.
admits this is very useful, he reminds us of the 45
6 Stephen Hawking is not open to the benefits
danger of creating artificial intelligence that of computer science.
is superior to human intelligence: ‘It would
7 Stephen Hawking thinks it is inevitable that
take off on its own, and redesign itself at an intelligent computers will take over the world.
ever increasing rate’. Hawking concludes that 8 Other potentially dangerous scientific
‘humans, who are limited by slow biological 50 developments have been successfully
evolution, couldn’t compete and would be controlled.
superseded’.
5 Match the expressions (1-7) to the definitions (a-g).
5 ... will be lost to clever computers. More
seriously, scientists are warning of the 1 a no-brainer
need to debate the use of AI in warfare and 55 2 whizzkid
the dangers of terrorists gaining control 3 the brains behind (something)
of the Internet. Many universities will be 4 the brainchild
incorporating safeguards to prevent the 5 it’s not rocket science
unauthorised use of AI projects. Similar 6 brainpower
guidelines on controlling DNA technology 60 7 to brainstorm
have worked well for 39 years so it’s not
a the person responsible for inventing something
rocket science to protect ourselves. The big
b it’s easy to do
question is, can we really afford not to use
c to generate ideas from a group of people
AI to find cures for disease, develop clean
energy and provide education? 65
d a highly successful young person
e intelligence
f so obvious you don’t need to think about it
g an original idea, concept or invention

6 Complete the sentences with one of the

expressions from activity 5.
1 The Internet was ... of British computer expert
Tim Berners-Lee.
2 Richard Branson was a ... who started a music
publishing company before he was 20.
3 Not many people know it was a woman,
Josephine Cochrane, who was ... the invention
of the dishwasher.
4 Fish oil is believed to increase a child’s ... and
ability to concentrate.
5 Don’t use your date of birth as a password – ...
to realise it’s important to create a safe one.
6 The boss asked us ... some ideas for new
(online source)

marketing strategies.
TRACK 15 7 Of course I want scientists to find a cure for
cancer – it’s … .

THAT’S ENGLISH! 31
A bright future
LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Rewrite the sentences with the correct form of
going to or the present continuous.
1 I’ve got an appointment at the psychologist’s
at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow. (see)
I’m seeing the psychologist at 9:00 a.m.
tomorrow.
2 My daughter’s definitely decided to study a
Masters in Intelligence Studies next year. (study)
3 Do you intend to take the test? It’s very difficult!
(take)
4 He’s thinking about opening a language
academy. (open)
5 There’s a study group meeting at my place on
Friday at 8:00 p.m. (have)
4a Match the sentences (1-7) to the tenses and their
6 I’ve got a ticket to go to a lecture on multiple
intelligences on Saturday. (attend)
Going to vs present continuous page 125
2 Complete the text with the correct form of the
future with the verbs in brackets.
Artificial intelligence is making our lives easier
daily. According to experts, by 2040 we won’t
even need to pass a driving test because everyone
1
... (use) driverless cars. It is predicted that by then
the number of traffic accident deaths 2... (fall)
to zero if all vehicles are computer-controlled.
Additionally, the number of injuries on the roads
3
... (drop) dramatically. People will save a lot
of time as they 4... (travel) safely at much faster
speeds, there will also be fewer traffic jams, and
the job of delivery drivers 5... (disappear).
Future continuous and future perfect page 125
3a Listen to the speaker. What is he describing?
16
3b Listen again and complete the extracts.
16 1 First of all, we … for a traditional Scottish
breakfast.
2 Next, we … a whisky distillery.
3 By the way, we … through some lovely
countryside.
4b Choose the correct form of the verb in bold to
4 Then, we … the rest of the day in …
3c In which extracts could you use the present
continuous as well as the future continuous?
Future continuous and present continuous page 125
3d Complete the dialogues using the verbs in
brackets in the correct form: sometimes both
forms are possible.
1 A: Have you seen Jane recently?
32
B: No, I haven’t. But I 1… (see) her tomorrow
at Peter’s wedding. She’s also invited.
2 A: 2… you … (go) to the meeting tomorrow?
B: Yes, I am. 3… you … (go) too?
A: Yes. But I’m not looking forward to it.
B: Why not? Is it because of Vanessa? If she’s
going, you 4… (see) her there.
A: Yes. We really don’t get along and … .
3 A: What cities 5… you … (stop) at during your
cruise?
B: We 6… (stay) for two nights in Rome and then
we 7… (move) on to Ephesus. We 8… (pass
by) Athens, but the ship doesn’t stop there.
use (a-g).
1 I think United will win the cup this season: if
they do, I’ll buy everyone a drink to celebrate.
2 The express train to London leaves at 7:00.
3 I’m seeing the doctor on Tuesday at 10:00.
4 This time tomorrow, we’ll be lying on the
beach in Florida.
5 Be careful – that tree is going to fall down!
6 He’s going to fly to Peru sometime next week.
7 They’ll have finished the new building by next
June.
a going to + infinitive to talk about intentions
b future continuous to talk about actions in
progress at a particular time in the future
c future perfect to talk about an action
completed by a certain time in the future
d will to make predictions based on opinions,
to make promises or indicate spontaneous
decisions
e going to + infinitive to make predictions based
on present evidence
f present continuous to describe definite
arrangements
g present simple to talk about timetabled events
complete the sentences.
1 Look at that boy hanging from the tree branch,
he will fall / is going to fall.
2 I call / ’ll call you later.
3 This time next week, we’ll be taking / ’ll take
our exam.
4 Freddy will have / is going to have a party next
Friday.
5 Laura will be finishing / will have finished her
degree by 2016.
THAT’S ENGLISH!

6 The airport bus is leaving / leaves at 6:00 a.m.
every day.
7 They are coming / come here for dinner next
Friday night.
Future forms
5a Listen to someone talking about the future role
of computers and complete the summary with
17 the words you hear.
The speaker thinks computers won’t 1… be
used for work and recreation; he thinks they’ll
2… have replaced people. He thinks he won’t
be affected because he’ll 3… be using his
computer for recreational activities. However,
in the end the speaker realises that computers
won’t 4… affect the future and that he hasn’t
5… considered their effect on the present.
5b Are the sentences more emphatic with or
without the word in brackets?
I imagine computers won’t (just) be used for …
They’ll (even) have replaced people …
I’ll (only) be using my computer to …
Focus adverbs: only, just, (not) even
5c Rewrite the sentences with only, just or even to
make them more emphatic.
1 Lauren can’t sew a button on a shirt.
2 He wants to be left alone to think.
3 This exam is too difficult.
4 The students won’t listen to me.
5 They sleep in five-star hotels so no bed and
breakfast for them!
6 My exam results were as I’d expected.
6a Listen to the extracts from the reading text.
What sound changes does the silent e cause?
18
1 Colleagues recall thinking he was mad.
He was made the leader of the AI project.
2 He reminds us of the danger.
It suggests words he might want to use.
Pronunciation: silent e
6b Listen to the pairs of words in bold from activity
6c and repeat.
19
6c Listen and indicate the word you hear.
20 1 It’s mad / made. 4 Do you want a bit / bite?
2 It’s for us / use. 5 He’s cut / cute.
3 Press the strip / 6 Have you seen the rat /
stripe. rate?
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 3
7a What are Liz and Penny talking about?
21
7b Listen again and match the words (1-7) to the
page 126 definitions (a-g).
21
1 a souvenir 5 to remember
2 to remind 6 to retrieve
3 recollection, a memory 7 to recall
4 memory
a to find stored information on a computer
b to help someone remember
c to remember a specific event and tell people
about it
d something you bring back from holiday
e the mental capacity to remember
f something you remember, a flashback
g not to forget, to bring back events to your mind
7c Choose the correct answer.
1 My father still reminds / recalls the first time
he saw a television.
2 Sadly, my mother’s memory / recollection is not
page 126
very good now.
3 My computer crashed but luckily I was able to
retrieve / recall all my work.
4 We bought these plates as a recollection /
souvenir of our trip.
5 I clearly remember / remind my first day
at school. However, I have no souvenir /
recollection of my first day at college.
6 She always puts her ring on her little finger to
remember / remind her to buy bread.
8 Complete the text with words from the box or
the correct future form of the verb in brackets.
recall no-brainer reminds brainpower
not rocket science
Food for thought
There is an obvious connection between eating
well and the development of children’s 1... . Eating
page 145 chips is not good 3for a growing child – it’s a 2... .
The government ... (start) a scheme next month
to give nutritious lunches to all 5-7 year olds. By
4
next September, they ... (provide) a free hot lunch
to 85% of infant schools and they hope by next
5
year, that all schools ... (build) a suitable kitchen.
Education chiefs 6... (extend) the scheme to older
children7 when funds become available. Some
people … school dinners as horrible but Jamie
Oliver
9
8
… us that things are different now: no one
... (serve) over-cooked cabbage to children today –
it’s 10... to make healthy food taste good!
33
A bright future

B Intelligent decisions
DOCUMENTARY c Deciding against becoming an independent
nation.
1 Which animals do you think of as being
intelligent? What about birds and sea creatures? d Deciding not to adopt a new and fairer political
system.
e Encouraging international companies to set
2 Match the phrases (1-3) to the definitions (a-c). up their headquarters.
1 cognitive abilities f Giving women unequalled opportunities to
succeed in public life.
2 problem solving
3 self-awareness
THAT’S THE USA
a being able to recognise
oneself as an individual
5 Answer the questions.
b connected with how
the brain recognises
and understands things
c finding answers to
complex difficulties

3 Watch the documentary and decide if the sentences

are true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the false ones.
1 Past ideas on who had the ability to use tools
have been proved correct.
2 One test of intelligence is the ability to learn
from experience.
3 Animals demonstrate social intelligence by
knowing how to relate to each other in large
groups.
4 Research proves that apes are the most
intelligent species of animals.
5 A sign of intelligence is the ability to realise
someone is experiencing something you have
felt.
6 Many types of animals can recognise
themselves in a mirror.
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES
4 Match the speakers (1-6) to the most and least
intelligent decisions made by their governments
(a-f).
1 3 5
2 4 6
1 Have you ever visited a luxury seaside resort?
2 What kind of facilities would you expect to see?
6 Watch the video of the tour of Palm Beach and
complete the sentences.
1 Today, it’s still a ... for affluent Americans
wanting to escape the harsh northern winter.
2 Lined with designer stores, ... boutiques and
world-class restaurants, this spotlessly clean
street is one of the most ... in the country.
3 Well, if you’re coming down here, as a ...
resident, it’s a society area. It’s where to be ... .
4 Henry Morrison Flagler was a 19th century
industrialist and ... .
5 Well, perhaps his first and biggest achievement,
where he ... , was as the co-founder of Standard
Oil Company.
6 Architect Addison Cairns Mizner designed in a
Mediterannean and … style and many newer
buildings still reflect Mizner’s style.
7 In addition to the ... , the parks and gardens of
Palm Beach are equally impressive.
NOW YOU!
7 What are the most and least intelligent decisions
made by your country?

a Taking too long to make an apology to the There are plenty of options for the least
native people who had been mistreated. intelligent decision, but I’d have to say it was ...
b Welcoming people suffering oppression from In my opinion the most intelligent decision
all over the world. was ... That resulted in …

34 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 3
SKILLS WORK
1 Read the magazine column. What is special about Adam Kirby?

This week, husband and wife team of psychologists,

Dominic and Laura Russell, give their views on child
prodigy Adam Kirby aged 29 months who has just
joined Mensa, the society for people with exceptionally
high intelligence levels.
He says She says
Young Adam is the youngest ever boy to join Mensa I totally disagree with the approach Adam’s parents
and with an IQ* score of 141 – that’s just 4 points are taking. There’s absolutely no point in joining
below genius level – and he’s even brighter than Mensa at his age – he doesn’t even speak in complete
Barack Obama, so why not? He can already spell 100 sentences! His parents have done it for publicity and
words and name all the planets, so he’s obviously to gain status for themselves. In any case, I’m not at
going to need more stimulation than the average all comfortable with the idea of parents pressurising
child. He’ll be able to mix with their children to succeed at such a
other super-intelligent children young age. His parents admitted
as he gets older, and he’ll get they were actively developing his
help with getting the right sort of intelligence from 10 weeks old!
education. His parents say he is a Surely that’s ridiculous? Childhood
happy, playful and energetic child is very short nowadays – let a
so clearly they aren’t bringing him small child have the freedom to
up in an abnormal way. There’s learn through play and having fun.
nothing wrong with celebrating There’s plenty of time for tests and
Adam’s unique abilities as long as formal learning ahead. Anyway,
he’s encouraged to have a normal other factors are just as important
childhood. Intelligence and a great as intelligence to succeed in
education are the main things for life, such as having good people
success in the future. skills. In fact, I think that is more

(online source)
important than being a genius.
*IQ: intelligence quotient or level
TRACK 22

2 Read the article again and answer the questions.

1 According to Dominic, what advantages will be gained by joining Mensa?
2 Why does Laura dislike the idea of Adam being in Mensa?
3 Who thinks Adam’s parents are bringing him up well? Why?
4 What does Laura think is the best approach to raising children?
5 What are Dominic and Laura’s views on what is most important for a child’s future?

3 Listen to four people reacting to the views expressed by Dominic and Laura. Complete the table.
23
Who do they agree with most: Reasons given
Dominic or Laura?
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4

4 Prepare a short talk on your views on how parents should treat very intelligent children.

I totally disagree with ... I’m If the child seems very intelligent, they’ll ... so why
not at all comfortable with ... not? There’s nothing wrong in ... as long as the child
Surely ... In fact ... is encouraged ... They’ll be able to ...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 35
A bright future

WRITING
1 Read the article and decide which of the three titles would be more suitable.
1 Is using social media making us stupid?
2 Using social media is not an intelligent thing to do.
3 Only intelligent people use social media.

2a Read the article again and choose the correct answers.

A Most people can’t imagine life without texting, tweeting and using other social media many
times a day to keep in touch with friends. It’s fun but it takes up a considerable amount of
time. But is using social media a negative or positive thing? More importantly, is it affecting
our brainpower?
B Some teachers argue that using social media is affecting young people’s reading ability and
concentration span but I’m not convinced. It’s true that nearly half of 18-24-year-olds never
read for pleasure and the average attention span has halved in the last ten years. There’s
evidence though, that young people’s research skills and visual intelligence have improved
greatly. So it isn’t all bad news.
C Interestingly, there has been a huge
increase in the amount of writing. I
prefer to email, text and tweet rather
than call on the phone. True, it’s a
different kind of writing, but you need
to be creative and understand sentence
structure well to communicate in just
140 characters!
D So, what’s the answer? I’m sure social
media are here to stay so perhaps we
should limit how much time we spend
on using them and try reading an old-
fashioned book sometimes! That way,
we’ll get the best of both worlds.

1 The style is formal / informal.

2 It is written for university academics / people who have similar interests to the writer.
3 It includes personal examples / quotations from textbooks.
4 It includes / doesn’t include personal opinions.

2b Read the article again and match the paragraphs (A-D) to the functions (1-4).

1 conclusion 3 introduction
2 first idea and development 4 second idea and development

3a Match the features of a well-written paragraph (1-3) to the descriptions (a-c). Then put the
features in the correct order to make a coherent paragraph.
1 supporting sentences a summarizes the main points made before
2 a topic sentence b give more information about the subject of the paragraph
3 a concluding sentence c tells us what the paragraph is about

3b Look at paragraph B in activity 2a: indicate the topic sentence, the supporting sentences
and the concluding sentence.

36 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 3

4a Look at the questions in the article in paragraph A. What is their purpose?

1 asking the reader to reply with information

2 focusing the reader’s attention and engaging them

4b Rewrite the sentences (1-5) as questions to make them more engaging.

1 I wonder if this is a good idea.

Is this a good idea?
2 We surely don’t want to return to the bad old days.
3 I don’t understand why someone would do that.
4 I wonder if you like adventure and new challenges.
5 I don’t know what the solution to this problem is.

Writing an article
5 You are going to write an article for a college magazine on the subject of Brains or beauty?
Which brings greater success in life? A mind map is a useful way to plan your work. Add your
own ideas to the mind map below. Think about the introduction and conclusion.

Introduction

Good looks Brains Academic success

Popularity or Better qualifications
Social and career success beauty? Career success

Conclusion

6a Read the paragraph below and answer these questions: What is wrong with this paragraph?
What do you think is the ideal number of topics in a paragraph?

I totally disagree with the idea that beauty opens doors for people because it doesn’t mean that
these good-looking people can do the job. Also, I think it’s a bad idea to hire people only on their
looks. Being attractive is something that comes from birth. This is totally irrelevant to intelligence.

6b Write ...

1 a topic sentence for this paragraph. 3 a concluding sentence for this

For example, getting good qualifications will improve your
chances of studying at a prestigious university. Having an
education like this will unquestionably give you better career
opportunities. This is something beauty cannot give you.
2 a supporting sentence for this topic sentence.
Academic success and good qualifications can be the key to ensuring
career success …
paragraph.
However, people who only concentrate
on their studies may struggle with their
social behaviour and life skills. If they
only study books, they will never learn
how to interact with people at social
events. They may get used to working very
hard but be unable to carry on a normal
conversation ...

7 Now write your article (150-180 words). Remember to include the following:
• topic / supporting / concluding sentences in each paragraph • questions to involve the reader
• personal examples and opinions • a good engaging title

THAT’S ENGLISH! 37
UNIT
4 Every little bit helps

OBJECTIVES
• To make offers and requests
• To discuss different options and reach
agreement

A A friend in need ...

BEFORE YOU WATCH 4 Answer the questions.

1 Choose the types of help you have given 1 What does Karen feel confident about?
someone in the last year. 2 Why is Jen in difficulties?
3 How does Karen’s helping Mrs D lead to
looking after a neighbour’s pet cleaning
helping Omar?
listening to someone’s problems gardening
4 What two things has Danny arranged to help
fixing something broken babysitting Jen with when he visits the second time?

WHILE YOU WATCH 5 Read the extracts and choose the option that
matches the meaning.
2 Answer the questions.
1 Omar: What goes around, comes around.
a Whatever you do, you can’t change the future.
b What you do to others, will be done to you.
2 Jen: A real knight in shining armour, eh?
a a helpful person who comes to the rescue
b someone ready to fight for you
1 Why do Karen and Danny decide to help others? 3 Danny: I asked her if she’d like to pass a favour
on for me.
a to refuse to help someone
b to help someone after you’ve been helped
4 Mrs D: You spoke to Karen about doing good
turns for other people.
a helping someone for no pay or reward
b helping someone to be a better person
2 In what way can Mrs Dalton help Jen?
6 Complete the sentences with the correct
AFTER YOU WATCH expression in bold from activity 5.

3 Choose the correct option.
1 Karen feels … .
a people are responsible for helping others
b it’s the government’s job to help others
2 Omar thinks … .
a people should give more money to the needy
b time is often more valuable than money
3 Danny thinks people should … .
a rely more on themselves
b expect others to help them when in need
4 Omar … .
a feels he can’t offer to help the others
b would like to repay Karen and Danny’s
kindness to him
1 You must be careful what you do to other
people because … .
2 Alex really loves … for others. He says it
makes him feel good.
3 It’s a good job my neighbour helped me when
I lost my flat keys. He’s ... .
4 I feel the need … . I feel so grateful for the help
received, I want someone else to feel the same.
NOW YOU!
7 Give your opinion: Do you think it’s true that,
‘What goes around, comes around’?
I do believe it’s true I don’t think so,
because … because …

38 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8a The speakers were asked the following questions: In what kind of situations do you help
other people? When do you like to receive help?
1 Have you ever practised or experienced any of the following?
Helping others
1 through work 2 giving money 3 doing voluntary work 4 being kind
Receiving help
5 from a charity 6 from family 7 from work colleagues 8 from teachers
2 Now, watch the video and choose the ideas that are mentioned.

Kristen Robert Dena Nicole Chelsi Victor David

8b Complete the table with the types of help the speakers mention when talking about giving help.

Kristen
Dena
Nicole
Chelsi
Victor
David

8c When talking about receiving help, which speaker mentions … ?

1 problems with studying

2 finding it difficult to take help from others
3 needing help when they are exhausted

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH!
9 Look at some of the expressions the speakers
used about help. What do they mean?
1 Kristen: I think the best way you can help someone
is just by listening and being compassionate.
a very enthusiastic to help
b very caring
2 Robert: I give every day, I don’t expect payback.
a I don’t want anything in return.
b I don’t want money for my help.
3 Nicole: When you’re trying to do big things [...]
simple help with household chores.
a mending broken equipment in the home
b everyday tasks like washing-up
10 Complete the sentences using expressions from
activities 5 and 9.
1 Don’t feel sorry for Jim – he’s upset lots of
people in the past so ... .
2 Women who work should get more help with
the ... from their families.
3 I missed the bus but luckily my neighbour was
... and gave me a lift to my interview.
4 I was happy to lend you my car and ... – it’s my
pleasure!
5 In the winter, we should ... for our elderly
neighbours and do their shopping.
6 They helped me in the past so now I feel I have
... to you.
7 When people saw the news about the earthquake,
they felt very ... and donated millions.
NOW YOU!
11 How good are you at accepting help? Are you
happy to accept it? Or do you feel it is a sign of
weakness?
I don’t mind accepting Actually, I really
help because ... / but … find it difficult to
accept ...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 39
Every little bit helps

READING
1 Look at the pictures of people doing good
deeds. Which of them do you think would be
easy or difficult to do? Why?
1 3
2 4
Three million acts
of random kindness
a ... Few authors of fiction expect to start a truly
global movement but that’s what happened
to Catherine Ryan Hyde when she wrote
Pay it Forward in 1999. The story of Trevor,
a twelve-year-old boy living hand-to-mouth
in a dysfunctional family, seems an unlikely
candidate for success. The book was, however,
a huge hit and has since been translated into
twenty languages, published in over thirty
countries and even made into a film. Recently,
the fifteenth anniversary edition was published
along with a version for younger readers who
are encouraged to actively join in the Pay it
Forward project.

2 Read the article and choose the best headings

(1-4) for the paragraphs (a-d).
1 Two-way benefits 3 Runaway success
2 Acting globally 4 Local hero

3 Read the text again. What do these numbers b ... Trevor’s social studies teacher sets homework
refer to?
for his class: to design a plan that will change the
1 one million 5 1999 world. Trevor’s simple idea is to lend a hand to
2 sixty-five 6 twelve three people, but instead of his asking them to
3 twenty 7 thirty return the favour, Trevor asks them if they would
4 three ‘pay it forward’ by helping three others. Trevor’s
good deeds include giving his newspaper delivery
4 Choose the correct answers. job to a homeless man instead of giving him a
handout, and caring for an old lady’s garden.
1 The background of the story … .
Initially, things don’t go well (an addict he tries
a initially sounds unappealing
to help goes to jail) and so Trevor stops helping,
b is unimaginative but gradually Trevor’s plan takes effect and the
2 The story … . unforeseen results of his efforts are astounding.
a was first written for children It might all sound sweet and sentimental but
b has been adapted for children the author shows that a positive attitude can go
3 Trevor’s idea … . hand in hand with facing social problems like
a is difficult to put into practice
alcoholism, family breakdown and racism.
b has unexpected good consequences
4 The message of the book is that … .
a major problems are beyond the help of the 5 Doing random acts of kindness … .
individual a might be unwelcome to some
b every individual can empower themselves b is very common in modern society

40 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 4

5 Match the expressions (1-7) to their meaning

c ... The message is that rather than wringing (a-g).
your hands and doing nothing when confronted
by major problems, everyone can promise to 1 to lend a hand
do kind actions to those near at hand, such 2 to go hand in hand with
as giving someone your umbrella on a rainy 3 near at hand
day. This simple idea was quickly adopted 4 a handout
by people across the US, and the recipients 5 their hands are tied
of the good deeds are given Pay it Forward 6 to live hand-to-mouth
cards explaining the scheme. Over one million 7 to wring your hands
bracelets publicising the movement have been
a to show anxiety about a situation but do
distributed so far and Pay it Forward Day now nothing to help
takes place every year on the last Thursday in
b to live in poor circumstances
April. Last year, it was celebrated in sixty-five
c money given as charity to a person
countries and inspired three million acts of
d to be connected to
random kindness.
e close by
d ... The world is surely in need of acts of random f to help
kindness, so how could anyone object to your g they are unable to do anything or much
lending them a helping hand? Generally, many of
us avoid approaching strangers, and those hearing 6 Complete the sentences with a suitable form of
the unusual words, ‘Don’t worry, I’ll help you’ an expression from activity 5.
from a stranger may not appreciate the gesture, 1 I’d really love to help, but I can’t break the
or even reject it. Reassuringly, this reaction is rules. My ... .
rare, and most participants report that once they 2 We’d better keep some water ... in case the
explain the situation, they are rewarded with barbecue gets too hot.
smiles and thanks. Let’s be honest, those doing 3 Her son ran away from home and was found
the good deeds also benefit emotionally from the on the streets ... .
experience in many ways – it builds confidence, 4 Could you ... with carrying these boxes inside?
improves self-esteem, and can even contribute 5 It’s better to give training and accommodation
to greater longevity. Above all, when so often to the homeless than ... .
people feel their hands are tied regarding 6 Respect for a person’s dignity should ... giving
economic and political situations, random acts charity.
of kindness are within everyone’s power. So, 7 It’s no good ... at the problems in our
what are we waiting for? community, we need to take action.

7 Think about your answers to the questions and

discuss them with a partner.
1 Have you ever been in a situation where your
hands were tied and you felt frustrated?
2 In what ways do you lend a helping hand to
friends and family?

I was managing a company a few years ago

when I received the order from the head
office to fire two of my employees. I really
(online source)

didn’t want to because they were great

workers, but my hands were tied and I just
TRACK 25 had to follow orders.

6 Most recipients of good deeds … .

a are instantly delighted
b are a little puzzled at first

THAT’S ENGLISH! 41
Every little bit helps

LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Choose the correct answers. 10 I nearly forgot ... yesterday.
11 Let’s stop ... .
12 We’d better stop ... and start running.

2c Complete the table with a verb followed by

-ing or to + infinitive and an example from
activity 2b.
Verb
Use Example
pattern
Say an action finishes stop + -ing 12
Say why an action
finishes
In 1988, writer Richard Curtis and comedian Attempt something
Lenny Henry decided 1starting / to start a charity unsuccessfully
because they wanted 2helping / to help victims of
Attempt something to
the famine in Ethiopia, but they never imagined
3raising / to raise nearly one billion pounds! see what happens
They aimed 4changing / to change lives in Africa (Never) forget a past
and the UK by encouraging people 5having / event
to have fun and donate money at the same Forget something you are
time. For example, if you don’t mind 6being / or were supposed to do
to be cold and wet in order to help others, you
could offer 7sitting / to sit in a bath full of beans Recall a definite past
in tomato sauce throughout Red Nose Day. If event
you fancy 8doing / to do something easier, you Recall something you are
could consider 9wearing / to wear a red nose or were supposed to do
to work. Another popular idea is dyeing your
Be sorry for what
hair pink if your friends promise 10sponsoring / happened
to sponsor you, or if you enjoy 11baking /
to bake, you could have a cake sale. Millions Be sorry for what you
of people never miss 12watching / to watch the are going to say
Red Nose Day television marathon every two Really like this activity
years. This year, Comic Relief hopes 13passing /
to pass the one billion pound mark and intends Really like this activity
14keeping / to keep expanding the project to
(often with a time
bring help to many more needy people. expression)

Verbs followed by -ing / to + infinitive page 127

3 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets.
2a Listen to two conversations. What are they about?
1 Don’t forget ... (post) that letter.
26 1 a a healthy lifestyle b healthy cooking 2 We regret ... (inform) you that the vacancy
2 a travel documents b travel plans has been filled.
3 They tried ... (help) him but he refused to
2b Listen again and complete the sentences. listen.
26 1 I love ... every day. 4 I remember ... (see) our team winning the
championship in 1998.
2 I love ... Mexican food.
5 It started raining so we stopped ... (have)
3 I regret … you that’s not very healthy!
coffee.
4 I tried ... the gym but it was so boring.
6 I love ... (get up) early and … (go) running −
5 I regret ... now. but I rarely do it!
6 I tried ... to swim but it was really difficult. 7 This computer won’t print – I’ve tried ... (turn)
7 I remembered ... the passports. it off and on again.
8 I’ll never forget ... my passport behind. 8 ‘Stop ... (chat) and get on with your work.’
9 I remember ... them on the table. 9 Please remember ... (return) all textbooks
next week.

42 THAT’S ENGLISH!

10 Oh no! We forgot ... (lock) the back door.
11 He regretted ... (leave) his wife but it was too
late.
12 My brother has always loved ... (skateboard),
and now he’s a world champion.
4a Listen to the dialogue. Why is the speaker upset?
27
4b Listen again and complete the sentences.
27 Alex: I’m annoyed at 1… forgetting to pay.
Emma: I can imagine you would be annoyed at
2… forgetting to pay.
Emma: Do you mind 3… making a suggestion?
Alex: Why on earth would I mind 4… making a
suggestion?
4c Look at the missing words in activity 4b and
complete the rule.
When the subjects of the main clause and the
-ing clause are different, we can indicate this by
using a possessive … or an … pronoun before
the -ing form.
New subject before -ing form page 128
5 Rewrite the sentences with a possessive
adjective or an object pronoun and the -ing form.
1 Please forgive us for being so late.
Please forgive our / us being so late.
2 She didn’t have a problem with the children
making a noise.
3 Please excuse me for using your parking space.
4 The police overlooked the fact he was speeding.
5 Her parents forgave her when she crashed the
car.
6 Do you mind if I tell you the truth?
7 I object to that man sitting next to me.
8 Her teachers were annoyed that she failed the
exam.
6a Listen to the conversations and say if the
relationship between the speakers is formal or
28 informal.
1 ... 2 ... 3 ... 4 ... 5 ... 6 ...
6b Listen again and complete the sentences.
28 A: Excuse me, 1… you ... lifting my suitcase down?
B: Not 2... .There you are.
A: Could you 3... a hand with 4... these books?
B: Yes, 5... .
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 4
A: 6... me a ... with this box, 7... you?
B: Sure, no problem.
A: 8... you 9... post this letter for me?
B: 10... .
A: 11... you please tidy up?
B: 12... , OK.
A: Don’t forget to bring some milk on your way
home, 13… you?
B: Don’t worry, I 14… forget.
Offers and requests page 128
6c Listen again and repeat the sentences paying
attention to the intonation.
28
Intonation in requests page 147
7 Write requests using the words in brackets.
1 Ask for help with the washing-up. (lend)
2 Ask someone to take the rubbish out. (will)
3 Ask someone to help with the shopping.
(would) (give)
4 Ask someone to open the window. (possibly)
5 Ask someone to close the door. (mind)
8 Complete the text with a suitable form of the
verbs in brackets or one of the expressions from
the box.
a handout lend a hand hand in hand with
If you’ve ever tried 1... (collect) money for
charity in the street, you’ll recognise it’s not
much fun. However, online movements like
the ice bucket challenge, aim 2... (change) the
way we give to charity and also intend 3...
(raise) awareness. Nowadays, raising money
goes 4... having fun and sharing it on social
media. The idea was simple: post a picture of
yourself having ice-cold water thrown over
you and recommend three friends 5... (do)
the same and give a small donation to a brain
charity. If they refuse 6... (take) the challenge,
they promise 7... (donate) $100 instead. So
many people considered 8... (be) soaked such
fun that almost $100 million was raised even
though many people probably forgot 9...
(make) a donation. What was the secret of the
challenge’s success? People would rather 10...
by doing something more amusing than just
giving 11... , and they‘ll always remember 12...
(laugh) their heads off when their friends got
wet. Everyone loves 13… (see) someone else
suffer a little!
43
Every little bit helps

B The gift of life

a Religious groups play a major role in helping.
DOCUMENTARY b A lot of money does not reach the needy due
1 Match the phrases (1-4) to the definitions (a-d). to dishonesty.
c There is good provision for retired people and
1 bone marrow
their financial needs.
2 bloodstem cell
d Nearly half of the people get help from the
3 a complete and utter stranger government for various needs.
4 live happily ever after e There is very good help available for the sick,
jobless and older people.
a someone totally unknown to you
b the soft part inside a bone where blood cells
develop THAT’S THE USA
c a traditional ending for a fairy tale 7 Which of these types of National Parks have you
d a special cell which can grow into any organ of visited?
the body
wildlife conservation marine conservation
2 Have you ever given blood? Would you agree to wetlands forests mountains
donate an organ to another person?
8 Watch the video of Jodi’s visit to Big Cypress
3 Watch the documentary and answer the
Indian Reservation and decide if the sentences
questions.
are true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the false ones.
1 Why did Fran need to use the Anthony Nolan
organisation?
2 What help does the charity give?
3 What motivates Maggie Marshall to help others?

4 Watch the documentary and complete the

sentences.
1 For many a ... or blood stem cell transplant is
the only chance of ... .
2 At Anthony Nolan we match potential stem
cell donors to patients who are in need of a
potentially ... .
3 Now we’re able to find a donor who is the best 1 The Everglades cover a large area of Florida.
possible ... for about ... of patients. 2 Billie Swamp Safari is a park run by the Oconee
4 I do think all donors are the most incredible Tribe of Florida.
people to do what they do, their generosity 3 Corn snakes kill their prey by poison.
and kindness and ... to do that.
4 The mouth of the common snapping turtle
resembles a bird’s beak.
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES 5 Alligators live in saltwater swamps and
5 What kind of help from the government do you marshes.
think is essential? 6 Eagles are the symbol of the Everglades.

6 Match the speakers (1-5) to the comments

(a-e). More than one speaker may go with each NOW YOU!
comment.
9 To what extent does your country have an
1 2 3 infrastructure to help people in need?

Overall I think the system we have is

good at supporting ... However, there
is room for improvement regarding ...
4 5 because recently ... People have had to
rely on ... and they shouldn’t have to.
The government should ...

44 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 4
SKILLS WORK
1a Listen to the radio interview about The Real Junk Food Café and tick (✔) the ideas you hear.

29 fast food obesity supermarkets organic food waste food

community big business making a profit food banks food poverty

1b Listen again. Who or what do these numbers refer to?

29 47 £30,000 272 20 tonnes a million tonnes 2003 47%

2 Read Jed’s blog about food banks in the UK. Who doesn’t agree with Jed’s opinion?

Burning Issues
Welcome to my blog where we debate hot topics in modern society
1 One million people in need of a food handout. That’s nothing new. But we’re not talking about some
faraway land on the other side of the world, we’re talking about Britain in the 21st century. How can
it be that families are going hungry in one of the world’s richest countries? So they are turning to
the growing number of food banks for emergency food supplies. No one would have believed it a
few years ago, and yet we seem to have accepted it as normal now. We should be marching in the
streets and demanding change! But so far, I haven’t really noticed it happening. Do we no longer
care or is it just too difficult? So what’s really behind this issue? Let me know what you think. Jed

2 As far as I’m concerned, this problem is being made worse by modern working practices, you know, like ‘zero
hours’ contracts where people don’t have a fixed number of hours of work a week. They might end up with no
work at all one week! Who on earth can live like that? Only people who have family to help them. If they haven’t,
it takes months to get welfare benefits, and so they go hungry. This kind of contract should be illegal. Dom

3 That’s absolutely right and there’s another aspect to this, which is wages are too low for a decent standard of
living for many families. The trouble is housing and energy costs have risen massively and wages haven’t.
Even if people are employed, they can’t afford to put enough food on the table once all the bills have been paid.
It’s high time the authorities realised this. It’s not just the unemployed who are affected. Tamzin

4 I couldn’t disagree more, actually. I strongly believe that this ‘food poverty’ is really a lack of understanding of
TRACK 18
how to cook nutritious food. People have lost the cooking skills our great-grandmothers had and rely on fast
food. Then, when money is tight, they don’t have the skills to prepare food economically and run out of cash.
We need to teach young people the basics of meal planning and cooking above all. Polly

5 Possibly, but that’s only a small part of the problem. There’s another negative effect of the rise of reliance on
food banks which is that there’s only a limited amount of time and resources that people can give to charity.
(online source)
So, if they are donating food or volunteering at food banks, other kinds of charities – for health problems for
instance – are missing out. Some health charities are having to use their funds to help their clients with basic
living needs rather than research into cures. Seems crazy to me. Paddy
TRACK 30

3 Match the summaries (a-e) to the blog posts (1-5).

a Society in general needs to rediscover past abilities.
b The rise of food poverty will have an impact on other areas of
need.
c Food poverty is a new phenomenon in Britain.
d The cost of living has risen too high for those on lower wages
to cope.
e Some employment strategies are impractical and unfair.

4 Write a short blog post on the issue of food banks.

As far as I’m concerned, food wastage is a real problem today. This
is being made worse by ... I strongly believe that ... We need to ...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 45
Every little bit helps

SPEAKING
1a Match the charities (1-8) to the photos (a-h).

1 anti-gang culture 4 homeless shelter 7 animal rescue

2 helping the elderly 5 help for seriously ill young people 8 children’s creative arts theatre
3 anti-bullying 6 rehabilitation of wounded soldiers

a c e g

b d f h

1b Have you ever donated to any of these types of charities? Which type of charity appeals to
you? Are some charities more worthwhile than others?

I sponsor a young girl in Uganda. Basically, I pay for her education. I started doing this
when she was six and now she’s going to university to study journalism. I’m just so ...

2a Listen to the conversation between Richard, 4a Listen to the next part of the meeting. Are the
Mervyn and Laura. Where are they? following statements true (✔) or false (✗)?
31 32
1 in a restaurant 3 at a meeting 1 Mervyn thinks many charities are a waste of time.
2 at a party 4 at a lecture 2 Laura is angry with Mervyn.
3 Mervyn thinks the arts theatre is dishonest.
2b Which charities do the speakers mention from
4 Mervyn thinks some social needs are more
the list in activity 1a?
31 important than others.

4b Listen again and complete the table with the

3 Listen again. Tick (✔) the phrases you hear.
phrases (1-6). Then add the phrases (7-10) to the
32 table as well.
31 What about giving ... ?
Making
We might consider giving ... 1 Sorry, I think you’ve
suggestions
How about tackling ... ? misunderstood me. 7 That’s not quite
As far as I’m concerned, ... 2 Could I just say what I meant.
Stating On the whole, I’d rather … something here?
preferences 8 Even so, ...
X appeals to me more than Y. 3 Sorry, can I come in 9 May I add
I’m not very keen on that idea. here? something?
Slight I can’t go along with that. 4 Fair enough, 10 I haven’t made
disagreement To be honest, that’s not how 5 All the same, myself clear.
I see it at all. 6 Possibly, but ...
I totally disagree with that.
Strong I couldn’t disagree more. Interrupting
disagreement That’s completely Correcting someone
unacceptable.
Partial agreement

46 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 4

5a Listen to the final part of the meeting. What charities do the speakers agree to support?

33
5b Listen again and complete the gaps (1-6) with one word. Do the phrases express: a partial
agreement, b agreement or c disagreement?
33
Mervyn: I 1... no 2... with 3… . Laura: That sounds 4... to me. Laura: 5... plan. Mervyn: 6... by me.

Interaction: how to reach agreement

6 You are members of a committee deciding which charities to support financially. Read the
descriptions of the charities and choose a different one each to support and give funding to.

Carefree Kids Gift of Sight

We aim to support children aged 5 to 16 who care
for a disabled or sick parent. These children often
miss out on a normal childhood. We provide:
• emotional support
• sport and youth clubs
• camping holidays
Don’t throw your old glasses away – send them
to us with a donation and we’ll send them to
one of our clinics in Africa to be reused. We also
perform thousands of sight-saving operations
every year. The gift of sight is the greatest you
can give.

Woodland Warriors
Help us fight global warming starting at home. We plant over half a million trees a year, reducing
air pollution and greenhouse gases. But we need your help to buy and plant the trees. Do it for
your children’s and grandchildren’s future!

7 Make notes about why you want to support 8b Listen to each other’s opinions and disagree.
your chosen charity. Use expressions to show agreement and to
interrupt and correct.
✔ WW – future of planet (+ human race) most
important – no planet = no life I’m not very keen on
To be honest,
✘ Kids – local social services can help them that idea because
that’s not how I
social issues are
✘ Glasses – too far away – no control over how see it at all. It’s not
equally / not as
a high priority ...
money spent important as ...

8a Present your choice to your partners. Use

appropriate expressions for making suggestions 9 Now role-play the whole meeting. Use
and stating preferences. appropriate expressions to develop the
conversation and reach an agreement.
As far as I’m concerned, I
think ... should get our help What about I have no problem
because ... supporting ... ? with that.

On the whole, I’d rather

give our support to … Does everyone
Fine by me.
because … agree?

THAT’S ENGLISH! 47
 OBJECTIVES
Revision 1
LANGUAGE REVISION
1 Complete the email with the correct tense of
the verbs in brackets. Use future forms: future
simple, future continuous, future perfect, present
continuous and going to. Sometimes more than
one tense is possible.
15 July
Dear Aunt Mary,
Apologies for not writing for a while. I’ve
been busy with exams, but now you 1…
(be) pleased to hear that your nephew has a
Master’s degree! My graduation ceremony
is next Saturday and Mum and Dad 2…
(come) up to the university for it.
Now what? Well, I’ve decided to take a gap
year! First, I need some money so I’ve found
a job for the summer. This time next week I
3
… (move) to London and be working in an
office. You won’t recognise me. I 4… (wear)
a suit and tie!
Anyway, after my two-month contract, I 5…
(travel) around Europe for a while. I hope
I 6… (find) work grape-picking for a month,
and then I 7… (plan) to visit some friends in
Germany. Then, back to the Alps for the ski
season. I 8… (work) for at least three months
in a restaurant there. Finally, my dream is to
go to Asia. With any luck, I 9… (save) enough
money by March to spend at least three
months there.
After that, I promise I 10… (look) for a proper
job!
Love,
Tom
2 Read Tom’s next email and choose the correct
option.
48
• To review the contents of units 1-4
15 September
Dear Aunt Mary,
How are you doing? Just thought I’d write
and let you know how things are going.
Do you remember 1that I tell / me telling
you I’d found a job in London? Well, I’m still
here! I know I said I was going travelling,
but I’ve got used to 2be / being here, and
surprisingly, I 3quite / absolutely like it!
The job has turned out to be 4slightly /
pretty interesting although my boss is very
demanding. 5He’s constantly asking / He’d
constantly ask me to work late, and I’ll
often 6get / be getting home at ten at night.
My other news is that I’ve met someone –
a girl 7who would get / who had got the
same bus as me every day and smile at me.
We soon got chatting and I intend 8to see /
seeing a lot of her in the future!
I occasionally regret not 9going / to go
abroad, but this was such a good chance, I
had to take it. I used to 10thinking / think that
I’d always travel, but that will have to wait!
Best wishes,
Tom
3 Complete the sentences with adjectives ending
in -ing or -ed made from the words from the box.
astonish bore devastate distress
exhilarate inspire
1 I don’t know why she found the photos so … .
She nearly cried when she saw them.
2 He gave up his job because he was … with the
same routine every day.
3 Jane thought the lecture on volunteering was
really … , so she decided to take part in the
project that summer.
4 It was … that he managed to get promotion
when he never does any work!
5 I have never felt so … as when I tried skydiving
– what an adrenaline rush!
6 When his girlfriend left him, he was totally …
and didn’t eat for days.
4 Complete the second sentence so that it has a
similar meaning to the first. Use the words in
brackets. Write between two and five words.
1 I think we should look after local issues first.
(concerned)
As … , we should look after local issues first.
THAT’S ENGLISH!

2 She told me about all her problems. (heart)
She poured … to me.
3 I don’t think it’s possible he’ll pass the exam.
(unlikely)
… he’ll pass the exam.
4 I’m sorry I’m late. (forgive)
… being late.
5 We’re sorry to inform you that you weren’t
accepted for the job. (regret)
… that you weren’t accepted for the job.
6 I should have spoken to him earlier. (regret)
I … to him earlier.
7 I can’t do anything about it. (hands)
My … .
8 Mark invented the robot. (brains)
Mark was … the robot.
5 Complete the sentences with a preposition or
particle.
1 He’s finding it very difficult to adapt … his
new school.
2 Every time I make a suggestion, he puts me
… and says it’s ridiculous.
3 I don’t think I’ll ever fit … with the others at
work. They’re very different from me.
4 Did you remember to bring … the subject of
a pay rise at the meeting?
5 I’m not sure I can cope … so many children in
a class.
6 She went … pieces when she heard the
terrible news.
7 When I have a problem, I always turn … my
father for help.
8 Oliver kept … walking, even though his leg
was hurting.
9 I strongly object … your taking every Friday
afternoon off.
10 She was beside herself … worry when her
daughter disappeared.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the words in brackets.
1 I would like to thank you for your … . (kind)
2 He’s been living on the streets since he became
… . (home)
3 These vitamins are very … for your memory.
(benefit)
4 The big companies are too … for us to fight
them. (power)
5 The situation has become extremely … .
(problem)
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Revision 1
6 I think you have … what I was saying. I meant
something different. (understand)
7 Children are much more … than adults in
showing their feelings. (demonstrate)
8 The offer you have made is totally … . I can’t
agree to it. (accept)
7 Complete the text with the words from the box.
There are three words you don’t need.
safeguards guidelines brainchild
nightmare wages shelter deed
gesture behaviour
Today’s report comes from Liverpool where
workers in a robotics factory are calling
for better 1… after a prototype attacked a
supervisor during a test. The device is the
2
… of the scientist Professor D.K. Brown,
who has been working on it for the past ten
years. The supervisor described the situation
as a 3… when the robot tried to kick him. To
date, no one has been able to explain its
aggressive 4… . Employees feel that they
should receive extra 5… due to the danger
of the situation, but management has said
that they will introduce stricter 6… for the
programming of these machines.
8 Choose the correct option.
1 In the first year we had a lot of unforeseen /
inevitable difficulties that no one had thought
would happen.
2 Everyone in the cinema giggled / gasped
when the man pulled out a knife to kill the
president.
3 He’s so boring because he’s always boasting /
complaining about his great achievements.
4 I was so overcome / puzzled by all the letters
of sympathy I received that I cried.
5 Do you recall / realise the name of your maths
teacher in fourth grade?
6 I think we need to encourage / brainstorm
some ideas before we write the proposal.
9 Listen and choose the word you hear.
35 1 a cap b cape
2 a tap b tape
3 a pin b pine
4 a win b wine
5 a pet b Pete
49
Revision 1

SKILLS WORK
1a What can you donate to help others? Have you ever donated anything? Choose the things you
have donated.
1 money to organisations 2 blood or an organ 3 clothes or furniture 4 your time as a volunteer

1b Read the article and decide which donation the story is about.

Pay it forward
Harvey was an energetic 55-year-old with
two children and three grandchildren, a job
that involved frequent travel and a love of the
countryside. However, in 2013 he began to feel
unwell. He no longer had the energy to go out
hiking and over time he found he couldn’t even
lift his grandchildren anymore. He was diagnosed
with a kidney disease and had to undergo dialysis
daily while he was waiting for a transplant.
After a couple of years, his wife Janice decided that
she would donate one of her kidneys to her husband,
but to their disappointment her blood type was not
compatible with her husband’s so the donation
was not viable. At the same time, the hospital
received an offer from an anonymous donor who
had decided to donate a kidney. His blood type did
match Harvey’s, so the operation was arranged.
Janice was so overcome by this completely selfless
gesture by a stranger that she decided to continue
with her initial plan and donate a kidney, not to
her husband, but to any person who needed it. The
waiting list for transplants is always long and the
hospital soon found a recipient for Janice’s kidney:
Carrie, a mother of four who had been waiting for
over five years for this life-changing event. In
the end, both operations were performed on the
same day and to date, the donors are well and the
recipients are ecstatic with the improvement in
their daily lives.
Carrie, who can now take her children to school and
is looking forward to having a trip to see her sister
living in France, says, ‘It’s difficult to put what I
feel into words. How can you ever thank someone
enough for giving you a new opportunity in life?
It’s an amazing act of kindness I will never forget.’
Janice simply says, ‘It was just the right thing to
do. I was incredibly grateful to the person who
saved my husband and thought that I needed to
pass on the favour in the most useful way I could.’
Undoubtedly, giving a kidney while you are alive
is a major commitment, but we can all donate our
organs when we die. The important thing is to be
on an organ donor register. After an accident or
sudden death, there is often little time to make
decisions about donations, so if doctors know
immediately, more lives can be saved.
TRACK 36

2 Read the article again and decide if the sentences 3a Listen to five people talking about an event or
are true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the false ones. situation in their lives and decide if they feel
37 positive (P) or negative (N) about it.
1 Harvey’s illness was due to a lack of energy.
2 Harvey’s wife’s donation wasn’t accepted by 1… 2… 3… 4… 5…
the hospital.
3b Listen again and match the speakers (1-5) to the
3 The anonymous donor inspired another
feelings (a-e).
person. 37
4 Carrie wanted to continue the chain of favours a relief d feeling powerful
by donating a kidney. b disenchantment e embarrassment
5 The writer is promoting organ donation c feeling disgust
between living people.

50 THAT’S ENGLISH!

4 Imagine the cultural differences a foreigner
who comes to work here will have to deal with.
Complete the sentences with a verb from the
box. There are two verbs you don’t need to use.
adapt behave cope fit get have
1 Foreigners sometimes find it difficult to …
with staying up so late.
2 People are generally very friendly, so it’s not
hard to … in with a team at work.
3 Another thing he will have to … to is eating a
big meal at lunchtime.
4 I’m not sure if he will … used to having dinner
at ten o’clock.
5 Put the expressions in the table.
But in fact, Another thing is …
In addition, However,
Actually, Furthermore,
Adding points Contrasting
6 With a partner, role play the following situation.
A and B
You and your partner have a friend from
abroad who is coming to work in your
country. Talk about the cultural differences
he/she will have to deal with.
Mention the following points:
➜ greeting people
➜ timetables
➜ good manners in social life, at mealtimes
and at work
When you meet a friend, you
usually kiss each other twice
here. However, in other countries
people shake hands or kiss three
times!
You will have to get used to
having a rather late lunch, and
in addition, you will have to
cope with working until quite
late …
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Revision 1
7 What would the purpose of an article written
about a charity be? More than one answer may
be possible.
1 to entertain
2 to give information
3 to persuade the reader to do something
4 to describe a process
5 to give an opinion
6 to summarise information
8a Which of these alternatives (a or b) makes a
more engaging first sentence for an article?
1 a Many people help others in need.
b What could be more important than helping
others in need?
2 a The day I received the first photo of Malika
was amazing.
b One day, I received a photo of a girl called
Malika.
8b Choose the correct options.
To engage the reader we can use:
1 formal language
2 personal opinions
3 interesting adjectives
4 questions
9 Write an article about a charity you know with
the title A helping hand. Use some of the ideas
from activities 7, 8a and 8b and the model in
unit 3 to help you. Write 200 words. Include
information about the following points.
• what the charity does
• how you found out about the charity
• an example of how the charity helps people
• how the reader can get involved with the
charity
There are so many charities in the world that it
is difficult to decide where we can best help and
contribute. A very deserving charity I know is …
51
UNIT
5 As easy as 1, 2, 3

OBJECTIVES
• To discuss figures and numbers
• To write a proposal

A A head for numbers

BEFORE YOU WATCH
1 Do you agree or disagree with these statements?
Why?
1 A business is only as good as its accountants.
2 You need to be good at maths if you want to
be successful in life.
3 Good decisions are based on knowledge, not
on numbers.
4 Decide if the statements are true (✔) or false (✗).
Correct the false ones.
1 Anthony wanted to order 400 pounds of rice.
2 One pound equals 2.2 kilos.
3 Anthony has 75% more rice than he actually
needs.
4 The rice-themed evening was a great success.
5 John didn’t know that Anthony had given him
the figures in kilos.

WHILE YOU WATCH 5a Complete the number-related idioms from the

video with the phrases in the box.
2 Answer the questions.
do a number one too many in two minds
head for numbers by the dozen

1 I wish I had a … . It would make doing the

accounts so much easier!
2 When I ask people to enter their credit card
details, they sometimes think I’m trying to … on
them, but this information is heavily protected.
1 Why does Anthony need help with his
restaurant? 3 I was … about doing yet another accountancy
course, but I’m so glad I signed up for it.
4 The new ad has been a great success – people
are ringing up … to reserve a table.
5 I think I had … last night. I’ve got a terrible
headache this morning!

5b Match the idioms in bold from activity 5a with

their meaning (a-e) below.
2 Why were John’s figures incorrect? a I had too much to drink.
b in large numbers
AFTER YOU WATCH c I was good at maths.
d I’m trying to cheat them.
3 Complete the sentences with information from
the drama. e I couldn’t decide.

1 John and Anthony are playing a … . NOW YOU!

2 Whilst they are playing, John throws a …
twice in a row. 6 Discuss these questions with a partner.
3 John says that … of restaurants fail within the Do you have a head for numbers? Do you find
first three years. maths fun and easy?
4 Anthony says his problem is … .
5 Because of this, the restaurant’s … are three I have a head for numbers.
times as much as they should be. I find maths …
6 John is going to help Anthony to order the
right … of food.

52 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
7 The speakers below were asked the following question: Have you got a lucky number and
why is it lucky?
1 The numbers below were all mentioned. Guess which one was mentioned more than once.
7 19 38 8 21 17 10

2 Predict reasons why people might choose a number to be their lucky number.
3 Watch the video and check your predictions.

Kristen Claudio Nicole Jameeka Victor David Borislav Samantha

8a Which speakers:

1 have a lucky number connected to their birthday?

2 mention sports or gambling in connection with their lucky number? Which sports?
3 mention somebody else’s favourite number? Whose?

8b Complete the sentences with one word in each gap.

Nicole: 38 was a 1… number for him because he got his 2… approved on 8 March.
Jameeka: My lucky number is 6 because that’s my 3… number.
Victor: 8 is perfect because no matter how you 4… it, it’s always 5… .
David: 21 was the number of my favourite 6… growing up.
Samantha: It’s double 7… and it’s really fun to be 10.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! Numbers in English

9a Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to the
endings (a-f) to make statistics from the drama.
1 Four plus two
2 The probability of throwing a double six
3 Your food costs are three times as much
4 First I’d cut it into two halves,
5 Food costs should be 28-30%
6 Nought or zero point five litres
a is one point nought six pints.
b of your total costs.
c then into four quarters.
d makes six.
e as they should be.
f is less than three per cent!
In the Roman numeral system all numbers are
expressed using the 1… 1-9 and 0, which can
be called either zero or 2… . Numbers smaller
than zero can either be expressed as a 3… –
such as ½, ¼, etc. – or as parts of one hundred,
according to the 4… system. So the fraction ¾s
(three quarters) can also be expressed as zero
5
… seven five.
In English, groups of 6… over one thousand
are separated by a 7… . For example: one
thousand is written 1,000, and one 8… is
written as 1,000,000.
NOW YOU!
10 Find interesting statistics on the Internet.
Write five questions. Trade with a partner and
complete each other’s quiz.

9b Complete the text about numbers with the You have a one in Quiz question: The
words from the box. 2,067,000 chance of probability of dying
dying in a plane crash in a plane crash is
comma decimal digits fraction and a none in 423,548 one in: 2 million, 22
figures million nought point chance of dying from million or 200,000?
falling out of bed.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 53
As easy as 1, 2, 3

READING A
1a Read the extracts (A-D) about money and
wealth. Match them to the titles (1-4) and the
According to a series of reports by the charity
photos (a-d). Oxfam into global wealth distribution, you need
just $3,650 to be in the wealthiest half of world
1 The wealth of Wall Street citizens, a criterion that many Europeans easily
2 The top 1% meet. Indeed, you only need to possess some
3 The last will and testament of J. Dodd $77,000, which can include the market value
4 Farewell to ‘the Queen of Mean’ of your home minus the mortgage (equity), to
be amongst the top 10% of the world’s richest
a c
people. However, to belong to the top 1% you
need more than a thousand times as much,
around $798,000,000. The richest people on
the planet – who between them control as
much wealth as the poorest half of the global
population – aren’t exactly a dime a dozen, in
fact, they add up to just 85 in total and indeed
could all fit onto a London bus.

b d B
Between 2007 and 2009, Wall Street profits
increased by 720%, while unemployment rates
doubled and home equity dropped by 35%.
Since 1979, the bottom 90% of the nation has
consistently lost money while the top 10%
has gained. If the average person’s wages had
multiplied by the same rate as the economy
since the 70s, most people would now be
making $92,000 annually. You don’t need to be
an economics expert to understand the maths.
1b Which text is … ? There could be more than one. The banking executives, who helped cause the
1 from a will economic recession or crisis of 2008, received
2 from an obituary incredible ‘performance bonuses’. However,
3 from a newspaper or magazine article recent legislation on ethical banking practices
means that hopefully the days of such unfair
2 Read the extracts again and answer the questions. payments are numbered.
1 Who gets ... ?
a $92,000 a year c $12 million
b £500 a year d £1,125
2 How many thousands of dollars do you need 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form
to be in the top 1% of the richest people in the of the words in bold from the texts.
world?
3 What lost a third of its value between 2007 1 The ... the seller pays to the government is
and 2009? higher than average for luxury items and is
included in the price.
4 What has increased twofold since 2007?
2 Come on, we need to sell at a higher price
5 What do Wall Street bankers no longer receive than that or we won’t make a … .
and why?
3 His enormous … does not only consist of
6 What examples does the writer give of Leona money but also of property and investments.
Helmsley’s meanness?
4 The exchange … for the euro to the dollar is
7 Why did Mary receive no money after her very favourable at the moment.
husband’s death?

54 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 5
C
4 Look at the illustrations. Complete the comments
Despite her huge fortune made in the hotel with the highlighted words from the extracts.
business, Leona Helmsley was famously mean
1 4
and only ever looked after number one. The
most famous quotes attributed to her are ‘Only
the little people pay taxes’ and ‘That's how the
rich get richer’, said when she ordered a jeweller
to rewrite a bill to save her $4 sales tax.
2 5
During the 80s Mrs Helmsley was charged
with avoidance of sales taxes on hundreds of
thousands of dollars' worth of goods. It’s not
surprising she was always dressed to the nines
in fabulous jewels and clothes, as she rarely paid
3 6
full price for anything. Eventually in 1989, she
served 18 months in jail for tax evasion and was
fined $7.1 million. In the last years of her life,
Mrs Helmsley tried to rebuild her reputation
at the eleventh hour by donating millions of
dollars to charities. When she finally died in 1 ‘There are ten of us, but the recipe was for
2007, she left a fortune of $4 billion, none of two, so I … the amounts … five.’
which went to her grandchildren, but she did 2 ‘Our sales have … 25%.’
leave $12 million to her dog. 3 ‘I’ve … the sweets … you all.’
4 ‘We have to reduce our expenses: our gas bill
has … since last year.’
5 ‘So, this … that equals X, really?’
D I give to my sons-in-law, Richard Tims 6 ‘I can’t … all these numbers!’
and Jeremiah Archer, all my property – both the
farmland in Lincolnshire and the buildings in 5a Match the expressions (1-5) to the definitions
(a-e).
London – and also the sum of two thousand two
hundred and fifty pounds to be divided equally 1 a dime a dozen 4 dressed to the nines
between them. I give to my sister, Lucinda, the 2 (Its) days are numbered 5 at the eleventh hour
yearly sum of five hundred pounds, during life to 3 look after number one
commence at my death and to be paid annually. a to wear fashionable, smart clothes and
To my wife, Mary, I give the grand total of nought. accessories
(online source)

Mary did nothing for me during our marriage, and
I wish to repay her in the same way. TRACK 38
5 My grandfather worked at the port in Barcelona
and earned a very low … .
6 He believes his antique furniture is very
valuable, but actually it isn’t … much.
7 A property like this will definitely … in value
with time. Don’t ever sell it!
8 They have borrowed so much money – I don’t
know how they will ever … it.
9 The only … needed to do this course is that
you have an appropriate qualification.
b so common that it has little or no value
c at the very last possible moment
d take care of yourself first
e something or someone that will not exist for
very much longer
5b Answer the questions about you.
1 On what occasions do you go out dressed to
the nines?
I rarely go out dressed to the nines, I’d much
prefer to wear jeans and be comfortable rather
than worrying about what I look like.
2 Do you often leave things to the eleventh hour,
or do you prefer to be well-prepared?
3 Do you know anyone who only looks after
number one? Describe them.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 55
As easy as 1, 2, 3

LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Complete the text about zero with the words 4b Listen again and complete the table with the
from the box.Then listen and check your answers. figures from the box.
39 42

‘oh’ ‘0’ a thousand million 16 1760 6.3503 28.35

a million million nought point nought 12 0.9144 2.54
nothing nought trillion
Imperial Metric
Zero is important because the concept of 1nothing
is needed to separate a positive from a negative 1 inch 1
… cms
number. Zero was represented by an empty space 1 foot 2
… inches 0.3048 m
until 1202 when the symbol 2… was introduced.
The words zero and 3… are interchangeable, so 1 yard 3 feet 3
…m
a decimal fraction like 0.01 can be pronounced 1 mile 4
… yards 1.6093 km
zero point zero one or 4… one. People often say
5
… for zero (nought) when repeating long lists of
individual numbers like phone numbers.
Imperial Metric
Numbers with lots of zeros in them can have
different names. In British English, a billion used to 1 ounce 5
…g
be 6… (1,000,000,000,000), but now the British use
the American and European system and it means 7… 1 pound 6
… ounces 0.4536 kg
(1,000,000,000). Similarly, a 8… used to be a million
1 stone 14 pounds 7
… kg
million million (1000,000,000,000,000,000). But
nowadays, it generally means a million million.
5a Complete the lists with the correct plural of the
words from the box.
2 Listen and choose the number you don’t hear.
40 1 a 55,000,000 b 55,000,000,000 c 550,000 datum cactus child nucleus syllabus
2 a 0.0058 b 0.0085 c 0.058
symposium radius crisis woman
medium analysis phenomenon ox
3 a 66,666 b 666,666 c 666.666
man curriculum diagnosis criterion
4 a 0150021 b 0150201 c 0105021
5 a 75,500 b 750,000 c 7,500,000 • nouns of Anglo-Saxon origin > plural ending
6 a 0.023 b 0.032 c 0.230 in -en, e.g. man > men
1
… 2… 3…
3a Practise saying the sets of three numbers in • nouns of Greek origin > plural ending in -es,
activity 2. e.g. diagnosis > diagnoses
4
… 5…
3b Listen, check and repeat.
• nous of Latin and Greek origin > plural ending
41 Pronunciation of numbers page 146 in -a, e.g. medium > media, criterion > criteria
6
…7… 8… 9…
4a Rolando is talking to his English colleague • nouns of Latin origin > plural ending in -i, e.g.
Alyson about the imperial measurement system. radius > radii
42 Listen and choose the correct answers. 10
… 11… 12…
1 Originally, the imperial system was used ... .
5b Complete the sentences with words from
a across the British Empire c in Britain activity 5a. Listen, check and repeat.
b in America and Britain 43
2 The system began in ... . 1 This is the latest c… in the long series of c…
over the last 20 years.
a medieval times b 1824 c the 1970s
2 Some cells do not have just one n…, but several
3 An inch is based on the size of a ... . n… .
a human foot b nose c thumb
3 This is a new ph… for us, but other such ph…
4 Imperial measurements are calculated in units are known to exist.
of ... .
Pronunciation of plural nouns page 146
a 12 and 14 b 10 c 12 and 16

56 THAT’S ENGLISH!

6a Add the words from the box to the correct list.
1
classics linguistics means physics
clothes earnings savings surroundings
funds economics politics series
phonetics headquarters news goods
Nouns that only
Nouns that end in s
exist in the plural
(take a singular verb)
(take a plural verb)
economics, news, ... goods, ...
2 2 The company earns 50% less from its
grown-up bagful takeover passer-by
commander in chief coat of arms
vice-president babysitter son-in-law
Compound nouns Compound nouns
with the plural in the with the plural in the
second element first element
grown-ups, ... sons-in-law, ...
6b Rewrite the sentences in the plural.
1 He gave a bagful of money to a passer-by.
2 We attended a symposium on the subject of
the latest crisis.
3 There was a former vice-president as well as a
commander in chief on our team.
4 The curriculum is changing and so is the
medium of communication.
5 The doctor gave us a different diagnosis.
6 The bank kept all my savings.
7a Match the expressions of quantity (1-6) to the
synonyms (a-f).
1 The value of our house has doubled over the
last year.
2 Unemployment figures fell by a quarter.
3 We are seeing three times as many people
leaving the country.
4 Our target is to halve our losses in the next six
months.
5 Three-fifths of those asked said they hadn’t
noticed a difference.
6 There are two and half times as many
incidences of violence.
a Emigration rates have tripled.
b Incidences of violence have increased by 250%.
c 60 people out of 100 were unaware of any
change.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 5
d It’s worth 100% more than a year ago.
e We need to decrease our losses by 50% in half
a year.
f The number of people out of work has decreased
by 25%.
Expressing quantity page 129
7b Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.
1 There are four times as many people out
of work as there were four years ago.
(unemployment / quadruple)
Unemployment has quadrupled in the last
four years.
publishing activities than last year. (publishing
revenue / halve)
Publishing revenue has halved this year.
3 Over 66% of those that begin the programme
don’t reach the end. (thirds / not finish)
4 There has been a 100% increase in recycling
over the last six months. (we recycle / twice as
much)
5 Since we installed the traffic lights, there are
75% fewer traffic accidents. (traffic accidents /
fall / three-quarters)
6 Last year only three out of the ten candidates
passed. (the pass rate / 30%)
8 Complete the text about the maths twins with
the words from the box.
all both (x2) either neither (x2)
none nor
Dima and Alyosha Burov are identical twins,
but until six months ago 1… of them knew they
had a twin brother. Survivors of a fire in a
Russian orphanage in which 2… records of their
family were lost, they were adopted by different
American families thousands of miles apart. 3…
of the orphanage staff survived and the twins
were identified only by the labels in their clothes.
As teenagers, 4… Dima 5… Alyosha found it easy
to form personal relationships, 6… because of
their traumatic early lives or because they were
naturally shy. However, they 7… demonstrated
unusual mathematical ability, so much so that
they were 8… selected to join a special Harvard
programme for young mathematicians, which is
where, finally, they met.
All, both, none, neither, either page 131
57
As easy as 1, 2, 3

B Maths magic
DOCUMENTARY 4 Watch the video and check your answers.

1 Choose the reasons why you think maths is THAT’S THE USA
often unpopular as a school subject. You can
add other reasons too. 5 Match the words (1-4) to the pictures (a-d).

not necessary too difficult 1 citrus farming 3 sea sponge diving

not taught properly too boring 2 cattle ranching 4 fisheries
a c
2 Watch the documentary and answer the questions.

b d

1 What does Peter use to help him to teach maths?

2 Why does Peter say that his approach works?
3 What are some teachers using in the classroom
to teach multiplication tables? 6 Watch the video about two important industries
4 What subject does Peter teach with the help of in Florida and complete the sentences with the
a card trick? appropriate word or figure.
5 What is the ratio of innumerate adults in the UK?
6 Why does Sofia Cuzano say that she found
maths difficult?

SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES

3 Before you watch the video, try to fill in the
blanks with the statistics in the box.

5% 5 5.51 8 55 years 85 years

90% 54 million 25% 50 million 1 Sea sponges are … that live on the floor of the
ocean.
Country Statistics 2 The sponge industry started up in Tarpon
The ethnic origin of 1… of the Springs at the … of the century.
Jamaica
population is West African. 3 The sponge industry produces … a year.
New There are 2… million people in 4 The Barthle Brothers Ranch has been operating
Zealand New Zealand and 3… sheep. since … .
5 Ranching is important in the USA because
The population is 4… . The
South they need to produce … .
number of people infected with
Africa 6 Land that can’t be farmed is good for cattle to
HIV is 5… million.
….
In Glasgow life expectancy for
Scotland the wealthiest is 6… , whilst for
the poorest it is 7… . NOW YOU!
8
… of the world’s population 7 Write about a time when an ability or lack
live in the USA. of ability to do maths helped you or caused
USA 9
… of the people in prison are problems for you.
in the USA.
When I started my new job, I was responsible for a
Great … million people live in
10
budget and had to do financial reporting for the first
Britain London. time and my weak maths meant I was really slow ...

58 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 5
SKILLS WORK
1a Read the text about the rise of big data. What exactly is big data and how is it different from
traditional statistics?

Barack Obama and the rise of big data

Computer technology causes data
to proliferate. Consequently, we
possess almost infinite amounts
of data, more than ever before in
history, and we can use it to find
patterns and make connections in
ways we never dreamed of before.
Barack Obama was one of the
first to demonstrate the power of
big data – by using it to help him
win his 2012 election campaign.
His campaign manager employed
over a hundred full-time analysts
and 10,000 volunteers to ‘measure data tactics. Of the nine ‘swing’
everything’. Using data related states – those who didn’t have
to voters’ age, level of education, a clear affiliation to either the
social status, job, even what sport Democrats or the Republicans
teams they supported – and at the beginning of the election
by running 666,000 computer – Obama’s campaign won seven
simulations daily – the analysts (77.77%), convincing proof of the
predicted how likely they were power of big data and its ability to
to vote Democrat. The analysts predict human behaviour.
then identified and focused their
efforts intensively on ‘persuadable
voters’: those groups that they
calculated they had the most
chance of convincing.
It worked. Even if the turnout of
voters was only 59.4%, Obama won
the election with campaign costs
of only around $400 million (less
than the Republicans) and a clear
majority. 51% voted for Obama
versus 44% for Republican Mitt
Romney. But the biggest overall
victory belonged to Obama’s big
TRACK 44

1b Read the text again and complete the table.

Obama’s 2012 election campaign in numbers
Cost of campaign $ 1… Voter turnout 59.4%
Full-time analysts employed 2
… Volunteers 4
…
Percentage of ‘swing’ states won 3
…% Percentage of final vote 5
…%

2a Listen to students Kara and Antoine. Tick (✔) 4 Antoine talks about how researchers have
the examples of the application of big data they been using big data to develop new medicines.
45 discuss. 5 Big data has helped doctors to develop successful
Kara Sivas (20). Social policy student. treatments for infections in new babies.
Antoine Cunot (21). Business studies student. 6 Antoine is more impressed by the potential of
big data than Kara is.
• Asian-American women’s university choices
• identifying infections in babies 3 Read the quotes about statistics. Which do you
agree and disagree with? Say why.
‘
‘
• Obama’s 2012 election campaign
• population samples It is the mark of a truly intelligent person to be
moved by statistics. ‘
‘
2b Listen again. Are the sentences true (✔) or false George Bernard Shaw
(✗)? Correct the false ones. There are three types of lies: lies, damned lies
45
1 Antoine disagrees with Kara that the quantity of and statistics.
data is less important than what you do with it. Benjamin Disraeli

2 Before big data, statistical analysis relied on I agree most with Disraeli – statistics can
taking samples. be manipulated to add up to whatever you
3 We can process and analyse lots of data as want. It just depends on what you want to
quickly and efficiently as we can collect it. convince people of. Take for example …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 59
As easy as 1, 2, 3

WRITING
1a Listen to the head teacher of St. Anne’s secondary school introducing a meeting. What is the
meeting about?
46
1 a school competition 2 three new members of staff 3 proposals for a grant

1b Listen to the rest of the meeting. Match the speakers (1-3) to the ideas (a-c).

47

1 Bev James. 2 Stuart McGregor. 3 Taslim Begum.

Deputy head teacher Art teacher Head of technology

a IT equipment b nurture unit c redecoration and refurbishment

2 Match the beginnings of the phrases the speakers use (1-8) to the endings (a-h).

Recommending and suggesting

1 My personal recommendation is that we ...
a spending the money on redecorating.
2 This is why I strongly recommend …
b that we set up a nurture unit.
3 I would like to put forward the proposition …
c invest the money in IT equipment.
4 What I would like to propose is …
d this option.
Persuading e something to be proud of.
5 Obviously, computing skills are … f completely inadequate.
6 As we all know, our IT facilities are … g essential.
7 Importantly, it would give the kids and us … h are disruptive in class.
8 It’s common knowledge that we all have problems
with the kids who …

3a Match the examples for the use of propose, recommend and suggest (1-3) to the structures (a-c).

1 I will propose that she takes the train. a verb + subject + subjunctive
2 I recommend (her) taking the train. b verb + that + subject + verb
3 I suggested she take the train. c verb (+ object) + -ing
Propose, recommend, suggest page 131

3b Write the sentences in three different ways using the prompts.

1 I would like / recommend / you / use / a professional decorator.

2 He / suggests / we / start / again.
3 The school / proposes / you / take / the exam again next April.
4 We would like / suggest / that / they employ / more teachers.
5 The committee / propose / they close / the school buildings during the holidays.

4a Read Bev James’ proposal for the nurture unit. It is divided into five sections. Which section ... ?

1 summarises the benefits

2 talks about how much it will cost
3 introduces the proposal and gives an overview of what it’s about
4 describes the actual project i.e. what the writer of the proposal wants to do
5 explains why the writer thinks what they propose is necessary and important

60 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 5

How to write a proposal

Proposal for a nurture

unit at St. Anne’s School
Executive summary: This document
concerns the proposal to invest £180,000
in setting up a nurture unit at St Anne’s.
Statement of need: St Anne’s is a day school
for children age 11–18 in Manchester. The
catchment area has high unemployment,
crime and drug abuse and many children
suffer from emotional and behavioural
problems, which have a negative effect on
their learning.
Project description: We propose to convert the caretaker’s house into a nurture unit. Students
assigned to this unit will follow a special curriculum learning life skills as well as numeracy and
literacy. The long-term aim is to integrate them back into a normal classroom.
Budget analysis: The estimated cost of renovating and equipping the property is £50,000, with
additional running costs for the building of £2,500 p.a. The new teaching assistants’ salary would
be £46,000.The cost of staffing the unit outside normal school hours is an additional £20,000 p.a.
Conclusion: This unit would help care for vulnerable children and enable them to access education.
It would also relieve teachers of the responsibility of dealing with violent and disturbed children,
thereby improving the whole school as an effective learning environment.

4b Look at the expressions in blue in the proposal.

Match the definitions to the correct expression.
1 what we want to achieve in the end
2 how much we think something will cost
3 the money you need to spend on something to
keep it going
4 the area the students come from
5 an abbreviation of the Latin per annum meaning
per year
6 how much it costs to employ people
5a Listen again to Taslim (IT equipment) and
Stuart’s (redecoration) suggestions. Choose one
48 and make notes in the executive summary. Add
your own ideas too.
Executive summary
Statement of need: (include 2 reasons why
this project is a good idea)
1 ... 2 ...
Project description: (include the long-term aim)
...
Budget analysis:
Redecoration and refurbishment:
30 new laptops: £10,000
A new computer science lab: £100,000
Insurance and maintenance: £30,00
IT equipment:
Repaint and redecorate classrooms: £80,000
New canteen furniture and equipment: £40,000
Plants and benches for student garden: £10,000
Conclusion: (include 2 benefits of the project)
1 ... 2 ...
5b Write your proposal. Use your notes from
activity 5a. Remember to include the following:
• an executive summary
• a statement of need
• a description of the project
• a budget analysis
• recommendations and suggestions
• a strong conclusion

THAT’S ENGLISH! 61
 The gentle art of
UNIT
6 persuasion

OBJECTIVES
• To persuade someone to do something
• To express refusal

A It’s a deal!
BEFORE YOU WATCH
1 Choose the statements you agree with.
1 I’m good at persuading people.
2 Nobody can persuade me to do anything.
3 I don’t want to do it.
4 I know people who lie and exaggerate when
they are trying to persuade.
4 Are the statements true (✔) or false (✗)? Correct
the false ones.
1 Karen has told everyone she is going to her
friend Elly’s this evening.
2 Bridget invites Anthony out to dinner.
3 Anthony and Bridget are going to cook some
Chinese food.
4 Karen persuades Danny to watch Definitely
Dancing!

WHILE YOU WATCH 5 Read the extracts from the video and choose
the correct meaning of the expressions in bold.
2 Answer the questions.
1 Omar: Why don’t I try to persuade Danny to
watch the football somewhere else?
Karen: Save your breath. He’ll never agree.
a Don’t make him angry.
b It isn’t worth talking about it.
2 Bridget: We thought we’d have the place to
ourselves.
1 What does Danny try and persuade Jen to do? a be able to do what we want here
b be alone here
3 Karen: We’ll all watch Definitely Dancing!
together. That’s the deal. Take it or leave it.
a Shall we talk about it?
b That is what I’m offering.
4 Danny: You drive a hard bargain, Karen!
a aren’t an easy person to negotiate with
b don’t think about other people’s feelings
2 What does Karen suggest they all do together
later? 6 Complete the sentences with an expression
from activity 5.
AFTER YOU WATCH 1 I’m trying to negotiate a pay rise with my boss,
but she … a … .
3 Answer the questions.
2 A: She says that she can explain why it happened.
1 Karen says that watching Definitely Dancing! B: Tell her to … . She broke the rules and she
is ‘my guilty pleasure’. Why do you think she has to take the consequences.
feels guilty about it? 3 We’ll pay you 30% now and 70% on completion
2 When is Omar going to watch the documentary of the work. … .
about DNA? 4 There’s nobody in the building so we … the … .
3 What can’t Anthony do now but agrees to do
next week? NOW YOU!
4 Why hasn’t Jenny seen Danny for a long time?
Why can’t she have coffee with him now? 7 Tell a partner about a time when you tried very
hard to persuade someone to do something.
5 What’s the real reason why Omar invites
Danny to the pub? I remember trying to persuade my parents
to let me ... It was my father who was …

62 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following question: In what situations are you easily
persuaded by others?
1 What do you think are common influences which persuade people to do things? Choose
your top three from this list.
advertising    the media    friends / peer pressure    feeling guilty about something
feeling sorry for someone    passion and conviction    convincing arguments

2 Watch the video. What influences do the speakers mention? Did they mention any of your
choices?

Kristen Jenna Diquietta Claudio Nicole Chelsi Victor Thierno

9a Which speakers … ?

1 can always be persuaded if they think that they will gain something out of the situation
2 are more persuaded by actions than words
3 specifically mention being persuaded to buy things
4 claim they aren’t easily persuaded in any situation
5 mention the influence of friends and peers
6 are motivated by feelings of concern for others

9b Complete the sentences.

Kristen: I would say that there is persuasion all around – from people, from 1… and from 2… .
Jenna: You 3… to me enough and you can 4… me to do anything.
Nicole: I can easily be persuaded by people when I don’t have a strong 5… about something.
Jameeka: I get easily persuaded by 6… because they're 7… .
David: I would say in group situations, peer 8… can get the best of me at times.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH!
10a Match the sentence (1-4) to a similar meaning
(a-d).
1 You talk to me enough, you can convince me
to do anything.
2 I get easily persuaded.
3 I'm not usually easily persuaded, but I can be
when I'm around my best friends.
4 Never. I'm my own man. I do what I want.
a I never let anything influence me.
b Peer pressure gets the best of me.
c I will give in after a long convincing.
d If I don’t generally have a strong viewpoint, I
can be persuaded.
10b Choose the correct sentence from activity 10a
which has the same meaning.
1 My parents just keep on talking and eventually
I agree with them.
2 There is no way he is ever going to convince me!
3 Adorable young people can get me to do almost
anything.
4 My mates have a way of influencing me.
NOW YOU!
11 In what situations are you easily persuaded by
others?
I think I’m easily persuaded by others in a
group situation. If the group wants to do
something, I’ll probably agree even if I don’t
want to.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 63
The gentle art of persuasion

READING
1 Match the advertising concepts (1-6) to the Apple® and the
sentences (a-f).
1 catchy slogan 4 expert opinion
power of cool
2 celebrity endorsement 5 great value 1 ... ‘If you’d like to come this way, Madam, I can
3 personal aspirations 6 convenience show you some different colours.’ Direct face-
a 9 out of 10 dentists recommend Staybrite to-face selling has always been an art. Go to any
toothpaste. market or bazaar in the world and you will see
b Big Brother winner Sandy D. always uses gifted salespeople at work – people who are
Totalbronze suntan lotion. capable of seducing the unwary customer into
c ‘Yes, we can.’ spending more than they originally intended,
d Your life can only get better with BeCool perhaps even walking away with something they
trainers.
never intended to buy in the first place! Most
e We have the lowest prices on the planet.
use similar techniques: first build a rapport
f Bubblesoap: making your life easier.
with the customer by maintaining eye contact
2 Read the first paragraph of this text about and smiling, then find some common ground,
advertising. Where is the text from? such as sports teams or taste in music, and then –
1 a shopping website when the customer starts to relax and trust them
2 a website which gives advice to consumers – move in with the sales pitch and sell, sell, sell!
3 a website for sales and marketing professionals
2 ... , but for global companies in the modern
3 Complete the paragraphs (1-4) with the missing world, direct contact with the customer isn’t
first lines (a-d). always possible. Instead, such companies have
a Personally, I believe at least some of their had to find other ways of building rapport, and
success is due to Apple®’s 2006/10 advertising nobody is as good at this as Apple®. Over the
campaign last 30 years, they have succeeded not only in
b So, is Apple® technology really superior to the launching a highly successful line of computers,
alternatives and is it worth the price?
phones and music devices, but they have
c These are techniques that have worked for
created a band of almost fanatically loyal users
centuries
d ‘Can I interest you in our newest model
and customers who on no account would ever
instead, Sir?’ use another brand. So, how did they do it?

4 Read the text again and choose the correct 3 ... with the catchy slogan ‘Get a Mac’. The ads
option. feature a traditional middle-aged man wearing
1 According to the text, a gifted salesperson a suit and glasses (‘Hello, I’m PC’) and a younger
can … . trendy man in casual dress (‘Hello, I’m Mac’).
a seduce customers
b charge too much money
c persuade customers to do things they hadn’t 4 Apple® have been unusually successful in … .
planned to do
a inventing a new type of computer
2 You can build a rapport with a customer by … . b launching a brand
a liking them c creating exceptionally loyal customers
b finding interests or ideas you share
5 The ‘Get a Mac’ ads were very short and … .
c talking about sport and music
a simple b trendy c unusual
3 The difficult thing for modern companies is … .
6 The purpose of the ‘Get a Mac’ ads was to … .
a building a rapport with new customers
a demonstrate the reasons Macs are better
b finding new customers than PCs
c building a rapport without face-to-face b prove that Macs are good value for money
communication
c persuade people that Macs are cool

64 THAT’S ENGLISH!

The two have a short conversation about some
aspects of what they can do, and the result is
always that Mac does it better. The ads only
lasted 30 seconds, and they didn’t even show
the actual computers. But if you repeat a very
simple message enough times – and Apple®
ran 24 ads over four years – everybody will get
the message. Exactly why and how Macs are
better was never important or even explained:
the aim of the ad was to establish the idea
in the collective subconscious that a Mac
is inherently superior to a PC and – more
importantly – way cooler.
4 ... Keeping in mind a Mac usually costs at least
40% more than a PC of similar power and size,
the objective answer to the first part of that
question is probably ‘no’. Experts agree that
Apple® technology has weaknesses as well
as strengths and PCs are better for some things.
However, a PC never looks as stylish as a Mac,
nor is anyone going to automatically think you’re
cool because you’ve got one. This is part of what
you pay for when you buy a Mac – and who is to
say that it isn’t worth the price?
TRACK 50
5 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the words and phrases in bold from the text.
1 It’s not easy to … with our new colleagues for you.
because they don’t make much effort to
communicate or be friendly.
2 The … tourist didn’t realise that the thief was you don’t get on with is to …
watching her and planning to steal her purse.
3 They … people into coming on these trips with 3 I’m not fanatical about it, but I do very strongly
promises of a once in a lifetime experience.
4 In the end, we managed to find some … . We 4 … are inherently superior to … because …
are both football fans and support the same 5 Something that I was seduced into buying /
team.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 6
5 It’s not just slightly more expensive, it costs …
more money – almost double!
6 I don’t think he’s a(n) … good salesman, but
he’s learned lots of effective techniques.
7 These ideas have become part of the … .
Most people believe in them unthinkingly and
would never question them.
8 He began his … badly by criticising other
products rather than presenting what he had
to offer.
6a Listen to two colleagues, Jerry and Leonora,
discussing Macs and PCs. Answer the questions.
51
1 Who’s got a Mac and who’s got a PC?
2 Why is Leonora frustrated?
3 What kind of work does Jerry say Macs are
much better for?
4 What does Leonora say will happen in 18
months’ time?
6b Listen again and complete the summary with
words and phrases from activity 5.
51
Leonora believes that Jason 1… Jerry into buying
a Mac, and she is annoyed because she thinks
that he is making a 2… to persuade her to do the
same. She thinks Jason is an Apple® fanatic and
can’t understand how the idea that Macs are
better than PCs has become part of the 3... . Jason
had believed that he and Leonora had found
some 4… and were beginning to build 5… , but
her reaction makes him see this is impossible.
He says that Macs are 6… superior in design and
7
… more powerful than the average PC.
7 Complete the sentences so that they are true
1 The best way to build a rapport with someone
2 It is way more important to be … than to be …
believe that …
doing was …
65
The gentle art of persuasion

LANGUAGE STUDY
1a Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to
the endings (a-f). 1 With a positive statement we have a ... question
tag.
1 She talked me into coming on a luxury spa 2 With a negative statement we have a ... question
break with her tag.
2 I wasn’t very impressed by him at first, but he
won me over with Question tags page 133
3 Our aim is to bring our customers round to the
idea that 3b Complete the statements with appropriate
4 Only let visitors see the front of the building – question tags.
we don’t want to put them off by letting them
see 1 Come on, she’s a nice girl really, … ?
5 My friend talked me out of buying the 2 You’ve never really liked being single, … ?
insurance plan – 3 She enjoyed the evening, … ?
6 Don’t try to seduce me into upgrading to a 4 You can’t carry on like this, … ?
more expensive model:
4 Samuel, the manager of a seven-star hotel, is
a the one I’ve got is good enough for me. talking to some guests. Choose the correct verb
b and we had a great time! forms to complete the conversation.
c he said it wasn’t a good deal.
Husband: O
rder a car for me, will you, Samuel?
d how dirty it is at the back. I’ve been trying to 1talk / win my
e his charm and good manners. wife 2up to / into going out and I’ve
f a bigger phone is actually a better phone. finally 3won / talked her 4over / up by
promising to take her shopping.
1b Which verbs in activity 1a are used for persuasion
and which for dissuasion? Samuel: V
ery good Sir, but might I suggest
you use the hotel helicopter service,
Verbs for persuasion: talk someone into instead?
something, … Wife: h Samuel! You’re trying to 5seduce /
O
Verbs for dissuasion: … bring us 6round / into spending more
money again, aren’t you?
2a Listen to these extracts from a conversation. Samuel: N
ot at all, Madam. It’s just that the
Does the intonation go up (➚) or down (➘) on heat is very uncomfortable.
52 the following underlined words?
Husband: That’s true, I was going to walk to
1 You can’t sit around being depressed forever the spa yesterday, but the heat quite
➘ 7
put / talked me 8off / out. Perhaps we
now, can you?
2 But that’s not going to make you feel any should stay at home, darling.
better, is it? Wife: h no! You’re not going to 9seduce /
O
3 You won’t meet anyone if you never leave the talk me 10from / out of going shopping
house, will you? now! I think I’ve been 11brought / won
4 Come on, Ben! 12
through / round to the idea of the
5 Go for it, Ben! helicopter after all. Samuel, could
page 147
you make a reservation for half past
Pronunciation: sounding persuasive
seven?

2b Listen again, check your answers and repeat.
52
3a People often use question tags for persuading.
Look at the examples and complete the rules.
• You don’t want her to be too tired to enjoy her
special day, do you?
• You’ll brush your hair before you go, won’t you?
5a Now listen to Samuel talking to another
customer at the hotel.
53
1 What does the customer want to do?
2 What does Samuel want to persuade the
customer to do?
3 What two main objections does the customer
make?
4 What do they agree to do in the end?

66 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 6

5b Listen again and complete the expressions. 7a Ben’s depressed because his girlfriend’s left him.
Listen to the conversation and write the things
53 1 Might I suggest our complete wedding package? 54 Ben’s friends try to persuade him to do.
2 I … about that, Sir.
3 It’s a very inclusive package, so you don’t …
paying for any extras.
4 … deal with lots of different people, you can
work exclusively with our wedding planner.
5 … have that burden taken off your shoulders?
6 I would strongly … the young lady against
taking on so much work.
7 I … that your daughter would have full control.
8 She’d be free to get on with other more
important things … .
9 … you won’t regret it.

5c Which expressions … ?

a are used to offer alternatives 1 ... a party 4 join an Internet ... site
b are used to make suggestions 2 ... a football match 5 go on a ... date
c are used for reassuring 3 go to a ... club
d are used for dissuading
Persuading and dissuading page 132 7b Ben doesn’t like his friends’ suggestions. Listen
again and complete his refusals.
54
6 Complete the dialogue between Alice and a sales 1 No … am … going back there again!
assistant with the expressions from the box. 2 … not! I hate big groups.
might I suggest instead of advise against 3 … no circumstances … I ever voluntarily go
back to Abi’s house.
I can assure you wouldn’t bother about
4 … my … body! I … think of anything … .
don’t have to worry about 5 Don’t … think … signing me up … my back!
wouldn’t you prefer I guarantee you won’t 6 … in a million years … I … to go on a blind
date.
A: I want a cheap mobile phone. Refusing page 133
SA: 1Might I suggest the Freedom 247? It’s very
popular. 8 Your friends are trying to persuade you to
A: Do you have a pay-as-you-go model? make some changes in your life. Write negative
SA: I would 2… pay-as-you-go phones. Most responses using the structures in brackets and
people prefer a contract because you can add reasons.
use your phone all the time 3… having to
buy credit. 1 Shall I put up your profile on a dating website?
(dead body / you / put up )
A: No thanks, I’d prefer pay-as-you-go.
Over my dead body will you put up my profile
SA: But 4… not to risk running out of credit in on a dating website! I’m married!
the middle of a call?
2 Why don’t you have some cosmetic surgery?
A: Yes, but I don’t want more bills to pay! (never / million years / I / have)
SA: Oh, I 5… that! The Freedom contract informs 3 I suggest that you take up a martial art like
you when you have reached your limit so karate or judo. (can’t think / worse)
you 6… spending too much.
4 Shall I sign you up for fitness ‘boot camp’?
A: But will price of the contract suddenly go up (not /even / think)
after a month?
5 Why don’t you get a tattoo? (no way / I / ever /
SA: No, 7… that the price is fixed for at least a get)
year.
6 Sell your house and give away all your
A: What about other charges? possessions. (absolutely + negative)
SA: There are no hidden charges. It really is a 7 You should become a vegetarian. (no
bargain. 8… regret your decision. circumstances / I / become)

THAT’S ENGLISH! 67
The gentle art of persuasion

B The power of persuasion

DOCUMENTARY 4 Watch the video. In which countries has the
government recently run campaigns to try to
1a Use one word to complete the gaps in Winston persuade people of the following?
Churchill’s most famous persuasive speech.

‘
1 If we have plain packaging on cigarettes,
We shall … on the beaches, we shall …
on the landing grounds, we shall ... in
the fields and in the streets, we shall ...
‘ people will be less tempted to buy them.
2 Terrorism is an increasing danger and we
need more police.
in the hills, we shall never surrender. 3 We need to change the healthcare system.
1b Watch the documentary and check your answer 4 We need to change our lifestyles to protect the
to 1a. Why do you think it was so effective? ozone layer.
5 Recycling is important.
2 Choose the right answer. 6 It’s important to control the importation of
plants and animals because they could affect
1 According to Tina Lamb, the reason why
local biosecurity.
persuasion is an art is that … .
a it’s so difficult to get it right
b there is a human element
THAT’S THE USA
c there are a lot of ways of approaching a 5 Which city in your region could you describe
situation like this?

‘
2 Observation helps you to succeed in being
persuasive because … .
a people love being observed
and beautiful architecture have made
it a major tourist attraction. Almost
‘
Its rich heritage, historical significance

b it ensures you don’t act too quickly everything in this city is old.
c it helps you to choose the right tactic in each
6 Watch the video and complete the information
situation
about St Augustine, the oldest city in Florida.
3 When Tina Lamb is trying to persuade a client
to do something she focuses on … .
a the ways in which it will benefit them
b the long-term future
c the financial consequences if they don’t do it
4 Nick Fox says that our initial response to an
advertisement … .
a is intellectual
b is influenced by our perceptions
c depends on the time of day
5 The persuasive technique India Pearson learns
1 Why is St Augustine a favourite tourist attraction?
is to … .
2 Who is Aviles Street named after?
a always offer a solution
3 What was Ponce de León looking for when he
b structure her conversation carefully
showed up in 1513?
c not show when she’s angry
4 How did the Spanish persuade the local
people to let them stay in Florida?
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES 5 What is the most lasting influence the Spanish
have had on the city?
3 Which of the following do you have strong
opinions (S) about? Which do you have more of
an open (O) mind about? NOW YOU!
clothes and what to wear    politics 7 Talk about an issue that is important to you and
ecological and green issues    gun control that you would like to persuade about.
food and diet    gender roles I would like to persuade the government to
the healthcare system in your country spend more on … . If you have access to … ,
it gives you the tools to do everything else ...

68 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 6
SKILLS WORK
1 Read about three successful advertising campaigns. Match the pictures (a–c) to the texts (1–3).

a 1
This advertising campaign was created in 1960 to bring Americans round to
the idea of buying Volkswagen® cars. At the time, most American cars were
big, and car adverts were packed with information. The ‘Think small’ campaign
took the opposite approach: a black and white ad with a small picture and very
little text. The ads simply focused on the advantages of small cars – using
less fuel, and being able to park your car more easily. The ads not only talked
Americans into buying lots of Volkswagen® cars but revolutionised advertising
b culture in America.

2 3
The Nike® ‘Just do it’ campaign
increased sales of Nike® trainers from
$800 million in 1988 to $9.2 billion in
1998. The ads didn’t just show people in
Nike® trainers doing sport, but focused
instead on the person and the effort they
were making rather than the product. In
this way, a strong rapport was built and
the ads won the public over because
they were about how people feel when
they exercise. Don’t want to run five
c
miles? Just do it. Don’t want to get up
early and train? Just do it. The ads made
Nike® trainers an aspirational product
by associating them with self-discipline
and success. People who never in a
million years would have thought of
doing sport were seduced by the ads.
The Marlboro® man ads ran from
1954 to 1999. They showed a tough
man, usually a cowboy, smoking
a cigarette in nature. The ads
were effective because they didn’t
rely on slogans; instead they used
images to suggest a whole way
of life which was way cooler. Be a
real man. Be a Marlboro® man.
While the campaign was running,
everybody knew the Marlboro®
man, and even now, nearly 20
years after the campaign ended,
his image is still recognised.
TRACK 55

2 Read the texts again and answer the questions. 4 Tobacco companies still sponsor big sports
events.
1 Why do you think most Americans in the 1960s
5 New advertising campaigns, which are aimed
didn’t think they wanted a small car? How did
at young women, create a link between
Volkswagen® persuade them to change their
smoking and staying thin.
minds?
2 What do you think people who saw the adverts 4a You are going to write a blog post about
and bought Nike® trainers aspired to? advertising. Make some notes.
3 How did the Marlboro® man adverts work?
What did they use to persuade consumers to 1 How strongly do you think you are influenced
buy cigarettes? by advertising? What sort of ads are you
exposed to?
3a Ben and Bill are talking about advertising. Listen 2 Examples of ads you think are powerful or
and say what product they are talking about. effective, items you have bought because of
56 ads.
3b Listen again. Are the statements true (✔) or 3 Any products that you think shouldn’t be
false (✗)? Correct the false ones. advertised. Why?
56
1 The tobacco industry admits that its advertising
4b Write a blog post of 120 words.
might encourage children to start smoking.
2 One multinational tobacco company claims Advertisements are all around us, all the time.
that advertising does not increase cigarette I’m surrounded by adverts all day – when I’m
consumption.
watching TV, browsing the Internet or driving to
3 British ad campaigns about the health risks of
smoking don’t seem to have stopped people
work. Even though I don’t think I’m influenced by
from doing it. them very much, I probably am.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 69
The gentle art of persuasion

SPEAKING
1a Listen and complete the sales pitches for two 3a An effective sales person describes or pitches the
different products. product in an attractive way. Find adjectives and
57 expressions in the texts from activity 1a which
You’ll turn heads this winter with this 1… silk mean:
scarf in an eye-catching shade of 2… . Made
of 100% pure silk, this 3… soft scarf is not only cheap: 1…
comfortable but 4… enough to wear anywhere. attractive: 2… , 3… , 4…
It’s easy to hand wash and doesn’t lose its high-quality and up-to-date: 5…
colour. Its 5… size gives you extra warmth and
the flexibility to wear it as a shawl or a scarf. noticeable: 6…
Get yours now while you still can! People will notice you: You’ll 7…
You are wrong: You 8…

Did you think it was impossible to find an 3b Sales people often use superlative adjectives to
6
… elegant state-of-the-art phone for under intensify their language. Match the superlative
£100? Well, you can think again. The new adjectives from the box to the adjectives.
Motosung17 is it! Despite the 7… price, its 8…
stylish good looks will impress your friends. sumptuous exceptional outstanding
The 540 x 960 screen resolution gives you 9… enormous huge cutting edge
clear graphics and it has an 10… long battery up-to-the-minute opulent innovative
life too: this phone will give you a full day
of use without needing to be recharged. Buy 1 good/nice: 3 big:
one now and be the envy of everyone. 2 luxurious: 4 new: cutting edge, …

3c Rewrite the descriptions using adjectives from

1b Listen again and write the correct answer. activities 3a and 3b. Replace very with the adverbs
mega, ultra or super to sound more persuasive.
57 Scarf
1 a big very luxurious bed
Features Benefits An enormous ultra luxurious bed
1 bright red 2 a very stylish car
2 made of silk 3 new technology
4 a very cheap computer with nice features
3 big
5 a good performance
6 a luxurious suite in a modern hotel
Phone
7 very attractive boots
Features Benefits
You have enough money to buy 4a Look at the description of colour in the scarf
4 sales pitch. Complete the table with the colours
it.
from the box.
5 It will impress your friends.
You can see what’s on the yellow green black blue white brown
6
screen clearly.
You can use it all day without ruby* scarlet crimson red
7
having to recharge.
emerald forest* sea* olive*

2 Look at the structure of the sales pitches and bright sapphire cornflower* sky*
choose the correct option. soft
deep saffron sunflower* sunshine*
1 A good sales pitch starts with a general /
personalised statement or question to get the rich
reader’s attention. vibrant chocolate*
2 It includes both the features and benefits / snow* creamy*
only the features of the product.
3 It uses a wide variety of descriptive and ebony
evocative / technical and functional language.
4 It ends with a call to action / thank-you. * these adjectives are used with the colour adjective,
e.g. ruby red scarf, snow white sheets

70 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 6

4b Work with a partner. Take turns to describe 5b Listen to a sales pitch for a mobile phone.
people’s possessions using the colour words and
appropriate adjectives. 59 1 How often does she use the word ‘you’? And
the listener’s name?
I like your sumptuous Whose is that sky 2 How does she end the presentation?
creamy white wool scarf. blue bag?
5c How persuasive you are also depends on your
intonation. Listen and say if the speakers (S1 and S2)
She’s wearing a deep rich chocolate 60 sound persuasive or not. Listen again and repeat.
brown coloured skirt.
S1 S2
1 Just say yes.
5a Listen to a talk about the five most persuasive 2 So what are you waiting for?
words in English. What are they?
58 3 Go for it, Richard!
4 Come and buy one now!

Monologue: giving a persuasive sales pitch or presentation

6a You are going to present a sales pitch for one of the products below. Complete the table with
the phrases from the box.

walking boots organic soap expensive watch posh gloves

So, what are you waiting for? Have you ever wanted a … ?
Your friends will be surprised / be delighted / envy you when … Act now!
Take advantage of this opportunity while it’s still available. Are you looking for a … ?

Opening statement or question Closing call to action

Have you ever wanted a … ?

6b Choose one of the products to talk about. Prepare your presentation.

1 Decide who you are addressing and why they need this product.
Women who enjoy a little luxury and want to be elegant in the cold weather. These gloves
will protect your often neglected hands and prevent dry skin.
2 Make a list of the features and benefits of your product. Use activity 1a to help you.
These ultra soft leather chocolate brown gloves will keep you warm even on the coldest day.
3 Find appropriate adjectives to describe the product.
soft (super) elegant (mega) warm and cosy luxurious
4 Develop a statement or question to get people’s attention and begin your presentation.
Don’t your hands need as much protection from the freezing cold as the rest of you?
5 Develop a call to action to end your presentation.
Come and enjoy the experience: the luxury of leather protecting your hands today!

6c Give your presentation. Remember to include the following:

• the features and benefits Ladies, with the long cold winter ahead, you need
• descriptive and evocative language to think about keeping warm whilst staying smart
• speak slowly and clearly and use persuasive and stylish. And, don’t your hands need as much
intonation protection from the freezing cold as the rest of you?

THAT’S ENGLISH! 71
UNIT
7 Your choice

OBJECTIVES
• To talk about different options and preferences
• To speculate about events that never took place

A I’d rather you didn’t do it

BEFORE YOU WATCH 4 Answer the questions.

1 When you have to make a difficult or important 1 What difficult choice about his family does
choice, which of these things do you do? Omar have to make?
2 What reasons does Anthony give for Omar not
put it off as long as you can returning home?
make a list of pros and cons 3 What is the reason behind Omar’s father’s illness?
make a quick decision depending on how you feel 4 What are his parents wishes regarding what
discuss it with good friends Omar should do?
think very carefully 5 Which job does Omar choose?
6 What are his reasons for turning down the
WHILE YOU WATCH other job?

2 Answer the questions.
1 Why is Omar unsure about the biogenetics job?
2 What does Omar decide to do and why?
AFTER YOU WATCH
3 Decide if the following sentences are true (✔) or
false (✗). Correct the false ones.
1 Omar isn’t completely honest when he is
offered the warehouse job.
2 Karen thinks Omar should think carefully
about all the possibilities before deciding.
3 Omar doesn’t mind if people know about his
research job application.
4 Anthony thinks the warehouse job sounds
boring.
5 Omar is delighted that the research job is in
Belfast.
5 Choose the expression which best matches the
words in bold.
1 Omar: Mm, that’d be challenging ...
a extremely difficult
b difficult but interesting and enjoyable
2 Omar: I feel I’ve got no choice.
a I don’t know what to do.
b It’s clear I can do only one thing.
3 Anthony: Have you decided which one to pick?
a chosen an alternative from the options
b decided not to do one of the options
4 Mother: It won’t help in the slightest if you
come back.
a It won’t improve the situation at all.
b It will only help the situation a little.
5 Karen: Have you made up your mind about
the job?
a thought carefully about it
b come to a firm decision
6 Omar: The job in Belfast would have been very
tempting.
a attractive b convincing
NOW YOU!
6 Tell your partner about a difficult decision you
had to make using some of the phrases from
activity 5.
The most difficult decision I ever had to
make was deciding whether to ... Both
options were tempting because ...

72 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
7 The speakers were asked the following question: What are some of the best and worst choices
you’ve made in your life?

Jenna Claudio Nicole Chelsi Brandy David Borislav

1 Which of the following topics do you think the speakers will talk about?
getting married   emigrating   having a career   getting an education
changing schools   leaving home   breaking the law   buying a home
2 Now watch and check.

8a Which speaker says … ?

1 it doesn’t matter if you don’t always make the right choice the first time
2 being independent is important
3 he/she made a mistake about a job choice
4 he/she made the right choice and hopes to succeed in life
5 he/she was attracted to the USA because of its scientific progress
6 he/she regrets choices made when he/she was immature

8b Read the sentences and decide if they are true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the false ones.

1 Jenna says she is satisfied with all her life choices.

2 Claudio came to the USA to work in the space programme.
3 Nicole thinks she has benefited from all the education changes she has made.
4 Chelsi thinks the food at the restaurant she works at is very bad.
5 David was allowed to drink alcohol when he was younger.
6 Borislav thinks the USA offers many choices to people who try hard to succeed.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! 9b Choose the sentence from activity 9a which

9a Look at some of the things the speakers said
about choices. Match what the speaker says
(1-3) to what they mean (a-c).
1 Nicole: A lot of my worst choices have turned
out to be the best ones.
2 Borislav: We can all make something happen
if we work hard and have our heads straight.
3 Nicole: Progress is more important than
making the right choice the first time.
a Sometimes personal growth is better than
being right.
b Choices can turn out differently from what you
first thought.
c Determination and being focused will lead to
what you want.
best describes the situation.
1 I really learned a lot of English and grew as a
person while studying abroad for a year even
though the school was quite bad.
2 Everyone told me that studying to be a mechanic
was a mistake, but now I have a great job.
3 I wanted to be a doctor since I was 10 years
old. Now after seven years of study and being
responsible, I’ve achieved my goal.
NOW YOU!
10 What are the best and worst choices you’ve
made in your life?
I’d say the best choice I’ve ever made was ...
My worst choice? I really shouldn’t have ... I
was immature and so …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 73
Your choice
READING
1a Which of the following quotes do you prefer?
Say why.
‘
1 Your life is a result of your choices. If you don’t
like your life, then make better choices.
‘
2 No matter how long you have travelled in the
wrong direction, you always have the choice to
turn around.
‘
3 Sometimes the wrong choices bring us to the
right places.
1b Answer the questions.
1 Do you tend to give things a lot of thought or
do you usually make hasty decisions?
2 Are you good at making decisions or are you
often indecisive?
3 Have you ever made a decision that had
negative consequences? What happened?
2 Read the text and answer the questions.
1 Where could you find this text?
a in a newspaper
b in a women’s magazine
c in a current affairs magazine
2 What is the text about?
a a difficult relationship
b a difficult boss
c a difficult decision
3 Read the text again. Are the sentences true (✔)
or false (✗)? Correct the false ones.
1 Sheila hadn’t decided exactly which
destinations to visit yet.
2 Sheila thought Mr Hawkins would probably be
pleased when he heard about her plans.
3 Sheila wasn’t very worried about Mr Hawkins’
reaction to her holiday plans.
4 Sheila couldn’t understand why she hadn’t
noticed the problem before.
5 Dean had made some serious mistakes at
work before.
6 Mr Hawkins would definitely accuse Sheila of
stealing the money if he knew it was missing.
74
Between a rock
and a hard place
Sheila walked from the office to the park. The
sun was out and she needed some fresh air.
She opened the envelope that had arrived that
morning. ‘Let us make your dreams come true on
our luxury world cruises,’ she read. There was a
huge choice of destinations. She could have her
‘ pick of India, New Zealand or South America. If
she could afford it, she’d visit them all. Finally, she
‘ had saved enough for a trip of a lifetime – nearly
£10,000. She smiled as she imagined telling her
‘ boss, Mr Hawkins, that she wanted leave to go on
a round-the-world trip. He wasn’t exactly pleasant
and was often very bad-tempered. Everyone said
you wouldn’t want to argue with him. If there was
an argument, he’d win it every time. But she knew
how to handle him. Anyway, after 30 years with
the company, she deserved some time away.
It was nearly 5:30 p.m. Sheila stared at the
company accounts for the last three months
and added them up again. She just couldn’t
understand it – there was over £9,000 missing.
Only Sheila and Dean, the trainee accountant, had
access to the company’s funds. Eventually, Sheila
went home and thought about the situation. She
felt to blame as the senior accountant. Why hadn’t
she seen the discrepancy before? She realised
that Dean must have taken the money bit by bit.
They’d argued before over completing reports late
but nothing like this.
She lay awake all night worrying and weighing
up all the options. She certainly didn’t want to
make any hasty decisions. Dean and his wife were
7 Sheila hadn’t told Dean about her discovery
before she saw Mr Hawkins.
8 Sheila thought some things were more
important than money.
4 Read the text again and put the following events
in order.
1 Dean became a father.
2 Sheila showed the corrected accounts to her
boss.
THAT’S ENGLISH!

always so friendly and they had become parents
last year and had proudly invited Sheila round.
Sheila was in two minds about what to do: if she
told Mr Hawkins of her suspicions, he would call
the police. Dean would go to prison and his wife
would be left alone with a new baby. If she didn’t
tell her boss, he would find out eventually and she
might be accused of stealing. She’d prefer to tell
him the truth herself than wait. Both alternatives
were awful – she really was caught between a
rock and a hard place.
Morning came at last. Sheila’s head hurt, but she
knew what she had to do. She knocked on Mr
Hawkins’s door and showed him the accounts.
‘Hmm everything seems to be in order,’ he said.
‘I know I can always rely on you, Sheila.’ ‘Thank
you, sir,’ she whispered as she left the room.
Outside in the corridor, she sighed: time now for
a very difficult conversation with Dean, and no
wonderful holiday to look forward to. She had
had no choice. If she hadn’t repaid the company,
the theft would have been discovered. If Dean had
gone to prison, his family would be destroyed.
She had made the right choice. It was only money
after all.
TRACK 62
3 Sheila had no regrets about her final decision.
4 Dean stole the money from the company.
5 Sheila used her holiday money to repay the
company.
6 Sheila told Dean she knew about his actions.
7 Sheila realised money was missing.
8 Sheila felt partly responsible for not realising
sooner.
9 Sheila had saved enough money for the cruise.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 7
5a Match the expressions (1-7) to the meanings
(a-g).
1 to be in two minds about something
2 to make a hasty decision
3 to weigh up all the options
4 to have no choice
5 to make the right choice
6 to have your pick of something
7 to be caught between a rock and a hard place
a to be forced into a particular decision
b to do the correct thing
c to be able to choose anything you want
d to be in a situation where both alternatives are
equally bad
e to decide to act too quickly without giving it
enough thought
f to take everything into account
g not to be able to decide one way or the other
5b Complete the sentences with the correct form
of an expression from activity 5a.
1 Just take your time and don’t … about this.
You should … first and then decide what to do.
2 I … whether or not to take the job.
3 There were four bedrooms in the villa so we
... the rooms and got one with a lovely sea
view.
4 … doesn’t necessarily mean choosing the
easiest option.
5 I’m sorry, but you … , you have to do this.
6 Adam hates his job but if he leaves, he
probably won’t get another. He’s ... .
6 Answer the questions.
1 If you could have your pick of jobs, what would
you like to be?
If I could have my pick of jobs, I’d absolutely
love to be a top chef! I adore cooking and
everyone says I’m a great cook. I’m always
experimenting with new tastes and food
combinations.
2 Do you usually weigh up all your options
before making decisions, or are you more
spontaneous?
3 Have you ever made an important decision and
then changed your mind? What happened?
4 Have you ever been caught between a rock
and a hard place? What happened?
5 What kind of decisions are you usually in two
minds about?
6 What hasty decisions have you made and then
later regretted?
75
Your choice
LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Answer the questions so they are true for you.
Say why.
1 Which would you prefer to watch: a comedy or
a horror film?
I can’t stand horror films, so personally I’d
much prefer to watch a comedy because …
2 Where would you rather go on holiday: to the
beach or to the mountains?
3 What would you rather be: an ordinary person
or a celebrity?
2 Choose the correct form of the verb.
1 They prefer to have / have summer holidays
rather than to go / go in winter.
2 Would you rather studying / study English in
Britain or the USA?
3 My father prefers walk / walking to cycle /
cycling.
4 She would rather to be / be unemployed than
work / working for that company.
5 He would prefer be / to be a musician rather
than a teacher.
6 I prefer play / playing football to watch /
watching it.
Expressing preference page 134
3a Listen to the conversation. What is it about?
63
3b Listen to the extracts and complete the sentences.
64 1 ... rather you ... entertain visitors after midnight.
2 I’d ... you ... have a shower for longer than 10 minutes.
3 I’d prefer it ... you ... keep food in your bedroom.
4 I’d prefer ... if you ... play loud music.
Prefer / would rather + past simple page 134
4 Rewrite the sentences using the past simple and
the word in brackets.
1 I don’t want you to stand on that chair. (rather)
I’d rather you didn’t stand on that chair.
2 Don’t come tomorrow. (prefer)
3 We want you to pay for the damage. (rather)
4 Please don’t play the drums. (prefer)
5 They want him to tell the truth. (rather)
6 I want you to follow my instructions exactly.
(prefer)
7 He doesn’t want his ex-wife to come to the
party. (rather)
5a Listen to the conversation. Why are both Betty
and Phil upset?
65
76
5b Listen to the extracts and choose the correct
option.
66
1 I’d rather you didn’t do / hadn’t done that.
2 I’d rather you had put / put it in the garage.
3 I’d prefer it if you ask / had asked me first.
4 I’d prefer it if you hadn’t / haven’t come back!
Prefer / would rather + past perfect page 134
6 Rewrite the sentences using the past perfect and
the word in brackets.
1 I didn’t want you to tell my friends. (rather)
I’d rather you hadn’t told my friends.
2 They didn’t want us to bring presents. (rather)
3 I wanted everyone to leave by midnight. (prefer)
4 She didn’t want him to leave all his belongings
at her flat. (rather)
5 We wanted him to stay longer. (prefer)
6 I wanted them to be more positive. (rather)
7 My mother wanted me to study law. (prefer)
7 What would you say in these situations?
1 Your friend has entered you in a reality show.
You hate reality shows.
I’d rather you hadn’t entered me in a reality show.
I’d prefer it if you hadn’t entered me in a reality
show.
2 You wanted to go to the cinema but your
friends have bought tickets to the theatre.
3 Your mother has arranged a blind date for
you. You don’t want to go.
4 Your boss has offered you a new job. You
don’t want to leave your present job.
8a Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to
the endings (a-f).
1 If the bride hadn’t taken so long to get ready,
2 What would you have done
3 We’d have a swimming pool
4 What would you do
5 Paul might have been promoted
6 If I could afford it,
a if you saw someone commit a crime?
b if he had worked harder.
c if you had been to university?
d I’d buy a red sports car.
e if we lived somewhere warmer.
f she wouldn’t have been late.
Second and third conditional page 135
THAT’S ENGLISH!

8b Choose the correct option.
1 It was / would be / were a funny situation if
poor Jane isn’t / wasn’t so upset.
2 What did / were / would you do if you find /
found a valuable watch in the street?
3 We can have / had / could have a picnic if it
isn’t / wasn’t raining.
4 What did / would / does she do if she would
lose / lost / loses her job?
9a Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the verb in brackets.
1 I ... (bring) you a present from Rome last
month if I ... (have) enough money.
2 She is famous now but she ... (never succeed)
if her parents ... (not encourage) her.
3 Oh dear, if we ... (know) you were coming, we
... (save) some dinner.
4 Our trip ... (be) wonderful if the weather ... (be)
better, but it rained every day!
5 What would they ... (do) if their car ... (break
down) in the desert?
6 If Suzy ... (not miss) so many lectures, she ...
(get) better results.
9b Listen to the sentences from activity 9a and repeat.
Pay attention to sentence stress, contractions and
67 weak forms.
Pronunciation page 146
10a Read the text and answer the questions. Why is
Zoe West upset?
My lottery nightmare!
When Zoe West bought a lottery ticket last year,
she put it in a safe place and forgot about it.
Last week she found it again and when she checked
the numbers, to her delight, she had won £2
million! But imagine her horror when she realised
the ticket was out-of-date, ..., by one day! ‘I can’t
believe it,’ she said. ‘I had completely forgotten
about the ticket. I don’t often do housework, but 1if
I cleaned the house more regularly, I would have
discovered the ticket in time. 2If I had found the
ticket one day earlier, I’d be a millionaire now.’
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 7
10b Read the mixed conditional sentences (1-2) in
10a and choose the correct options to complete
the rules (a-b).
a Sentence … (mixed 2nd and 3rd) contrasts a
present condition with a past result.
b Sentence … (mixed 3rd and 2nd) contrasts a
past condition with a present result.
Mixed conditionals page 135
10c Complete the dialogue with the correct form of
the verb in brackets.
A: We’ve been in this traffic jam for two hours!
B: If we 1... (leave) earlier, we 2... (be) at the hotel
by now.
A: That’s not my fault.
B: Yes, it is. If you 3... (not be) always so
disorganised, we could 4... (leave) earlier.
A: That’s not fair. I had a lot to do.
B: Well, if you 5... (listen) to my advice, we 6...
(not be) in this situation now.
A: You refused to help me. If you 7... (be) more
helpful, I 8... (finish) my packing last night.
11 Complete the text with a suitable form of the
verb in brackets or one of the expressions from
the box. There is one extra expression.
to make a hasty decision
to have someone’s pick of
to be caught between a rock and a hard place
to weigh up all the options
Young entrepreneurs on the increase
According to recent research if they could 1...
careers, many young people would rather 2... (start)
their own company than work for a large company.
Almost 40% of those questioned would prefer 3...
(work) for themselves because it would be more
flexible, and 20% of those currently employed
said they would prefer it if they 4... (not work) for
someone else. A significant percentage said that
if they 5... (run) their own business, they 6... (be)
happy to earn less money at the beginning.
The rising cost of university fees has affected many
graduates, who said they were 7... as they now
owed a lot of money for their studies and could not
afford to start a business. If they 8... (realise) this
before they started their studies and had had more
information so that they could 9… , they 10... (not go)
to university. If they 11... (not acquire) such huge
debts, they 12... (be) free to set up a business now.
77
Your choice
B Difficult choices
DOCUMENTARY
1 Choose the three factors which are the most
important to you when choosing a place to live.
location & facilities price age of property
decoration state of repair number of bedrooms
modern kitchen and bathroom size
2 Match the expressions (1-5) to the definitions
(a-e).
1 to boil down to
2 to tick all the boxes
3 bay window
4 stained glass
5 creaky floorboards
a windows with coloured sections
b wooden planks that make a noise when walked
on
c to be the most basic reason for something
d a large window that sticks out from the main
wall
e to meet all the requirements
3 Decide if the following sentences are true (✔) or
false (✗). Correct the false ones.
1 According to David Simpson, the most
important factors in choosing a home relate to
price range and size of the property.
2 In David’s experience most people won’t get
everything they want in a home.
3 Dawn is finding it difficult to choose as she
needs bigger accommodation for her family.
4 The advantage of the first property is that it
doesn’t need much work doing on it.
5 David tries to convince Dawn that the second
property is more interesting than the first.
6 Dawn hasn’t got any strong preference after
the two viewings.
7 Dawn can’t make a decision yet.
78
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES
4 Match the speakers (1-6) to the aspects of choice
available in their country (a-f).
1 3 5
2 4 6
a Choice is limited by lack of employment.
b Financial status controls choice.
c Schools and universities have a very good
reputation worldwide.
d There is a wide range of free education available.
e Recently different types of colleges have
opened and created more opportunities.
f People can study any subject at a higher level
after taking a degree.
THAT’S THE USA
5 Do you like shopping in malls? Give at least two
reasons.
6 Watch the video of Jodi’s visit to Miami and
complete the sentences.
1 Now there are many upscale stores here but
you can still find a ... .
2 The ... of the mall means guests can still enjoy
the sunshine while shopping.
3 The Art Deco architecture is the ... .
4 Art Deco is a style of ... that expresses the
elegance and pace of the 1920s and 30s.
5 Well, me personally, I’ve heard about the ... .
They’re like really ... out here.
NOW YOU!
7 Does your country offer enough choices
regarding education, jobs, homes and lifestyles?
I think we have a huge variety of choice of ... but
nowhere near enough choice of ... This is because
... and I think people would benefit from ...
THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 7
SKILLS WORK
1a Read the title and the first paragraph of the article. What does spoilt for choice mean?

1 There are so many choices that you don’t want to choose.

2 There are so many good choices that it’s hard to choose.

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• •
•
• •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• SHOPPING: ARE WE TOO SPOILT FOR CHOICE?
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
•
•
•
•
• •
• •
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• • • • • • • •
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• • • • • • • • •
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• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • •
•
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• •
• •
•
•
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•
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• • • •
• • • • • • • •
• • • • • true? Or does too much retail
• • •
• • • • • • • • •
• • • • • choice have a negative
• • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • •
•
•
• •
• •
•
•
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• • • •
• • • • • • • •
• • • • • readers for their views.
• • •
• • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • •
•
•
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • •I’m a • • • • • shopaholic! • • • • • nothing • • better• • • a•day• out • • • •with • • •
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• • • • • • • I like • • • • • than • • • • shopping • • • • •a •
• • • • • • • • good • •friend.
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• • I•do buy • •a load
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• •70 • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • pairs • of• shoes
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• • I• •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • like • to•be •able• to •have• my• pick
• of•things;
• •so •if there
• •weren’t• •so many• • options,
• • then• •I wouldn’t
• • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • enjoy • •shopping
• • so • much.
• • Anyway,
• • it’s• my• money
• • and • there’s
• • plenty• • of•time • in•the•future
• •for • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • saving• • and • pensions
• • •and•all •those • boring
• • things.
• • Jade• • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • I don’t
• • buy • this
• consumerism
• • • •message • • –•buying• •things
• will• bring
• • happiness.
• • • It’s• all•the•things • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • you • can’t
• •buy•that• bring • happiness
• • • like • friendship,
• • • love • •and•family. • •If I have
• •any•spare • money,
• • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • I go • travelling,
• • • experience
• • • other • • cultures
• • or • learn
• •how• to •make • something
• • • new. • • This • year
• • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • I’m • learning
• • how • •to make• • a wooden
• • •boat! • People
• • may • •think • I’m• mad,
• but• •I’m convinced
• • • I’ve • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • made the right life choice. Damian
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • To • tell
• the
• truth,
• • shopping’s
• • •no •longer • •a pleasure
• • since
• • • • • • It’s • • • • I •have • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • I•had•the•family. • • •just•a chore • • • • •
• • • • • • • to • do• each
• •week. • What• •really • annoys
• • me • is• the
• special
• • offers
• •at the • supermarket,
• • • • you • know
• • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • BOGOF• • • • • • •one•free. • • •a headache
• • • • • • • • • • and • • • to • •
• • • • • • • • • • – •buy•one, • get
• • • •I get • • • • weighing• • • up• all •the •options • • • trying • • • •
• • • • • • • work • • out • whether
• • it’s • good
• • value
• •or not.
• •Then • I buy
• • • than
more • I• need• and
• half
• • goes • in• the
• •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • bin. • •Why • don’t
• •they•just• reduce • • the• price
• for
• single
• • items?
• • Then • we’d
• •reduce• •waste.
• •Megan • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • Basically,
• • • I’d • be•happier
• •if I •didn’t
• have
• • to waste
• • time• and• energy
• • choosing
• • • between• • •20 types • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • of • toothpaste.
• • • When • • I was
• •young,
• •there• were
• •two• or three
• • brands • • and • that
• was
• •it. We • didn’t
• • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • need • • a huge
• • choice
• •then,
• and• we
• don’t
• •need • it•now.
• In •fact,• I got
• so• fed• up•with
• all• this
• choice,
• • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • I•started• • shopping
• • at • the• discount
• • •retailers.
• • It’s• win-win,
• • there’s
• • usually
• • just • one
• •or two • types
• • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • of • everything
• • • and • it’s• really
• •cheap• because
• • • they • don’t
• have
• • to •store • lots
• of•different
• • products.
• • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • I•tell• you • – it’s
• the• future
• • of•food • shopping.
• • • Frank • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • TRACK • •68 • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

1b Read the text again and answer the questions 3 Why are the discount retailers doing well?
for each person. 4 What happens when consumers are faced
with too much choice?
1 Does the person find shopping enjoyable or not?
5 What is an ideal number of brands to choose
2 What are their reasons for their opinions?
from?
2a Listen to a radio interview about consumers and 6 What type of spending leads to the greatest
choice. Tick (✔) the topics they discuss. customer satisfaction?
69
special offers too much choice 3 Do you think we are too spoilt for choice?
corner shops spending on experiences Discuss your views on shopping and choice with
discount retailers debt a partner.

2b Listen again and answer the questions. I’d prefer it if Why don’t they ... ?
stores didn’t ...
69 1 What has happened to some out-of-town stores?
2 Why has this change come about? I’d be a happier
consumer if ...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 79
Your choice

WRITING
1a What is the purpose of a discursive essay?

1 to present a balanced discussion of contrasting opinions 2 to present a strong position of one opinion

1b Tick (✔) the points that should not be included in a discursive essay.

• anecdotes • a conclusion that states your point of view

• an interesting introduction • arguments against plus supporting evidence
• arguments for plus supporting evidence • quotations, statistics or facts
• a proposal

2a Read the title of the essay and the opening paragraph. Match the sentences (1-4) to the
purposes (a-d).

‘The Internet has benefited people more than the discovery a introduction of one side of the
of antibiotics.’ Discuss and give your viewpoint. argument
1
‘3 billion users of the Internet worldwide versus 200 million b statement outlining which aspects
lives saved by using antibiotics.’ 2Some people would say it is will be discussed
impossible to function in modern society without information c statistics, facts and quotations to grab
technology and many aspects of life would be far more the reader’s attention
difficult without it. 3Others would say medical advances are
d introduction of the opposite side of
more significant for the human race overall. 4In this essay
the argument
both aspects will be considered.

2b Now read the main body of the Internet essay from activity 2a. Which paragraphs (1-4) support
the essay statement and which are against it?

1 The Internet has certainly revolutionised all aspects of life, such as education and business, and enabled us
to work much faster. Whereas previously people had to visit libraries, a vast range of information is available
at home or on phones in a few seconds. In addition, companies can now use video conferencing, saving
time and money as well as providing a much faster service to customers.
2 Moreover, using the Internet helps people in the developing world to survive. For example, farmers in rural
Africa can learn how to deal with plant diseases whereas before they would lose all their crops. It is claimed
that over half of Kenyans use the Internet every day.
3 However, it is undoubtedly true that the discovery of antibiotics has saved many millions of lives. Before
their discovery, even a small cut could lead to death. It is believed that in the 1900s a third of children under
five died in Britain as a result of diseases like pneumonia, which today are treated by antibiotics.
4 Consequently, the discovery of penicillin has helped people live longer and healthier lives. In the past, even
young adults were killed by illnesses like tuberculosis. Life expectancy has nearly doubled since the 1900s,
partly due to medicines like antibiotics.

3a Read paragraph 1 and choose the correct answer. 3b Complete the connectors lists (1-3) with the
expressions in bold from activity 2b.
1 The purpose of the sentence highlighted is … .
a to support the main idea 1 Adding extra information to an argument:
b to draw a conclusion In addition, ...
c to introduce the main idea 2 Introducing a contrasting idea: …
2 The purpose of the other sentences is … . 3 Giving reasons and results: …
a to support the main idea
3c Add these expressions to the lists in 3b.
b to draw a conclusion
c to introduce the main idea
due to furthermore therefore in spite of
although nevertheless even though
on the other hand as a result
Revision of connectors page 135

80 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 7

4 Read the conclusion to the Internet essay. Tick (✔) the points it includes and support your
answer with evidence from the text.
1 summarising
summarising expression3 summary
expression of ideas
summary of ideas 5 personal opinionopinion
personal
statistics
2 statistics final conclusion 6 scientific
4 final conclusion scientific
opinionopinion

To sum up, it is true that the Internet has brought many economic and educational benefits to a vast number of people.
Better communication has united people as never before in history. Nevertheless, people can only use technology
if they are fit and well, and antibiotics have greatly improved people’s health. Personally, I believe that good health
is the most important thing in life. Without it, even if we have very advanced technology, we can achieve very little.

Writing a discursive essay

5a You are going to write an essay on this topic: Racial equality rather than gender equality
should be the main priority for a world leader. Discuss and give your opinion. First, complete
the introduction below.

‘I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will
not be judged by the colour of their skin …,’ said Martin Luther King in 1963, but King
never even mentioned his children’s gender.

5b Add your own ideas in sections c and d.

Racial equality is the main priority Gender equality is the main priority
FOR AGAINST FOR AGAINST
a Racial inequality is still a Many countries legally c Gender inequality c Nowadays women have
widespread / unacceptable protect all races. affects all races … achieved ...
in today’s society. b Racial equality alone d Some countries made d Women’s rights are
b More racial equality is not enough if there progress but many changing everywhere
promotes prosperity both is work and education are still biased ... because ...
nationally / internationally. discrimination.

6a Look at the underlined expressions in activity
2b. Match the expressions (1-2) to the uses (a-b).
1 X is/are supposed / said / believed / claimed /
understood to be ... / thought to be ...
2 It is known that … / It’s a well-known fact that … /
It is undoubtedly true that ... / It is thought that ...
a to show that we are 100% sure the information
is correct
b to show that the information is not a certain
fact, but may be opinion
It's thought that ...
6b Rewrite the sentences using a suitable expression
from activity 6a.
1 Many people think women should only work
as homemakers in some cultures.
It is thought that women should only work as
homemakers in some cultures.
2 Research has proved that men and women are
equally intelligent.
3 Some people believe that different races
benefit from having separate education.
4 Researchers know that women still experience
difficulty getting top jobs in business.
5 People say that having a family means a
woman is less committed to her career.
6 Scientific evidence shows that all human races
are descended from the same small group of
ancestors.
page 136 7 Write your discursive essay (160-200 words).
Remember to include the following:
• the introduction you wrote in activity 5a
• arguments for and supporting ideas
• arguments against and supporting ideas
• suitable connectors
• expressions of fact and opinion
• a strong conclusion with your opinion

THAT’S ENGLISH! 81
UNIT
8 I need a hero!

OBJECTIVES
• To express admiration and disappointment
• To describe people or facts emphatically

A A fallen idol
BEFORE YOU WATCH 4 Decide if the following sentences are true (✔) or
false (✗). Correct the false ones.
1 Which of these people is the most heroic? Say
why. 1 The scheme went wrong from the beginning.
2 Karen doesn’t dare to tell Danny what she’s
1 A climber who reaches the top of Mt Everest found out.
without oxygen. 3 Karen is unsympathetic to Danny when she
2 A nurse who has never had a day off sick in 25 reveals the truth.
years. 4 Danny is reluctant to believe the news about
3 A businessperson who has created thousands Graham Snow’s crimes at first.
of jobs. 5 Danny decides to punish Graham.

WHILE YOU WATCH 5 Choose the correct option.

2 Answer the questions. 1 Danny: He’s presenting his latest book: How to
make it in business.
a how to run a company
b how to succeed and get rich
2 Danny: He’s a self-made man.
a He’s a selfish person.
b He succeeded through his own efforts.
3 Omar: The Financial Times called him a snake
1 Who is Jane and what are her feelings about charmer, whose followers worship him blindly.
Graham Snow? a admire him and cannot see his faults
b think he is superhuman
4 Karen: I’ve been trying to pluck up the courage
to tell you.
a quickly do something difficult
b persuade yourself to do something frightening

6 Complete the sentences with the correct

expression from activity 5.
2 What happened to Sheila and her husband?
And how did they feel? 1 It took me 10 minutes ... to dive into the icy water.
2 It can be difficult ... in business if you don’t have
AFTER YOU WATCH some capital to start with and have to borrow.
3 It’s no use criticising Angie’s boyfriend because
3 Answer the questions. she ... and won’t listen.
1 How does Danny feel about Graham Snow’s 4 Alan Sugar is ... who started out selling radios
on the streets of London.
achievements?
2 How does Graham Snow help needy people?
3 What is Danny’s explanation for criticism of
NOW YOU!
Graham Snow? 7 Discuss with your partner.
4 Why is Karen interested in getting information
about Graham Snow? Can you think of a self-made man or woman
you admire?
5 How has Jane’s opinion of Graham Snow
changed over time? I’ve always admired ..., a self-made man
who made it by the age of …

82 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers were asked the following questions: Who would you say are some of your
heroes or heroines? Why do you admire them?
1 Name three types of heroes or heroines you think they will say. E.g., sports star.
2 Watch the video to see if your ideas were mentioned.

Kristen Cheryl Robert Dena Glenn Gina Thierno Nicholas

9a Watch again and match the speakers above to their heroes and heroines.

1 His father 4 Parents 7 JK Rowling

2 Neil Armstrong 5 Jim Henson, creator of the Muppets
3 Hillary Clinton 6 Beyoncé

9b Watch again and write the reason each speaker gives for choosing their hero.

1 Kristen 2 Cheryl and Robert 3 Dena 4 Glenn 5 Gina 6 Thierno 7 Nicholas

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! 10c Complete the text with the correct expressions
from activities 5 and 10a.
10a Look at some of the things the speakers said
about heroes and heroines. What do you think It seems very successful people are often heroes
they mean? or villains. For example, Bernie Madoff was a
1
... from a poor family who made his fortune
1 Thierno: My father was the total package, you in investment banking. Thousands of people
know, educator ... trusted him with their savings, inspired by his
a very correct and organised aura of authority and he was able to commit a
b everything he should be $65 billion fraud. Investors 2... even when others
warned them to be careful because he offered
2 Thierno: He passed away three years ago and
them a huge return on their investments. He was
I idolise him.
an arrogant man who never thought he would
a I love and admire him greatly, intensely, be caught, but because of his dishonesty, his
devotedly. own sons 3... and handed him over to the police.
b I think about him excessively. On the other hand, Bill Gates is an entrepreneur
3 Thierno: I’m striving to be just like him. who 4... in the computer business and seems
a trying very hard to be the 5 ... – devoted husband and father and
b finding it very difficult famous philanthropist. Through his medical
foundation he is 6... to make the world a better
4 Nicholas: Hillary Clinton, of course. She’s all place. Starting up online businesses is 7...
the rage right now. nowadays, but people should be careful not to
a making people very angry 8
... all entrepreneurs until they are sure of their
b extremely popular true character.

10b Complete the sentences so that they are true

for you.
1 Someone who is/was the total package for me
is/was ... because ...
2 I idolised ... when I was a child and I used to ...
3 The person I strive to imitate is ... because ...
4 At the moment, ... is all the rage because ...
NOW YOU!
11 Who would you say are some of your heroes or
heroines? Why do you admire them?
I really admire ... She’s the total package
because ...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 83
I need a hero!

READING
1a Listen to someone talking about the ‘heroes’ in ‘For most of history,
the pictures. Which of them does she admire?
71
1 4 Anonymous was a woman’
(Virginia Woolf)
Dishwashers, computer programming and DNA testing
are all familiar parts of modern life but 1… . Everyone
knows Marconi and Edison from the inventor’s
2 5 hall of fame, but why is so little known about the
contribution of women to science and culture? In
this era of greater equality, it’s time to celebrate the
unsung heroines who have shaped our lives.

3 6

1b Listen again. Which expression does the speaker

use to describe heroes who receive little attention
71 or reward?

fallen heroes unusual heroes unsung heroes
2a Look at the title of the article, which is a quotation
from the writer Virginia Woolf. Choose the best
definition of what it means.
1 In the past women didn’t want public recognition.
2 In the past women felt unable to claim their
achievements due to prejudice against them.
3 In the past women had low social status.
You’ve maybe never heard of Josephine Cochrane, but
her claim to fame is the invention of the dishwasher.
She was a wealthy woman with servants to do her
dishes, but 2… that she decided to invent a machine
to wash the dishes safely: the dishwasher.
Another pioneering thinker, whose name has long
since sunk into oblivion, was Ada Lovelace.

2b Read and complete the article (1-5) with the

missing clauses (a-f). There is one extra clause.
a so irritated was she by their constant breaking
of her best china
b what was strange was that women didn’t object
c Such was the lack of respect for women that
d what might surprise you is that each one was
the brainchild of a woman Lovelace showed strong mathematical abilities from
e who quickly realised it held the final information an early age. She wrote the first usable computer
they needed programme in 1840 although the actual computer
f was said to have been an excellent musician wasn’t invented for over another 80 years.
It’s a well-known fact that society was male-dominated
3 Read the text again and decide if the statements in the past and women were believed to have smaller
are true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the false ones.
brains and be less intelligent. Men valued women
1 Josephine Cochrane’s invention of the for their looks and personalities and put them on a
dishwasher saved her from poverty. pedestal. When women entered male territory, such
2 Ada Lovelace first showed her astounding as science and research, men often tried to exclude
mental capacity when she was just a child. them. As a result, women like Annie Maunder, who
3 Unfair treatment of women in academic circles
ended after the 19th century.

84 THAT’S ENGLISH!

came first in the mathematics exams at Cambridge
University in 1889, was not allowed to take a degree!
Such injustices have continued until quite recently. In
1962, Watson and Crick received the Nobel Prize for
their discovery of DNA, but in fact, the main research
was done by a woman, Rosalind Franklin.
During a visit by Watson and Crick to Cambridge
University, Franklin’s male colleagues gave her rivals
a copy of her work, 3… . They published their research
first, denying Franklin her moment of glory. It seems
even icons like Nobel Prize winners have feet of clay.
Unsurprisingly, in the past, ignored women also
had to put on a brave face in the arena of culture.
Mozart was a musical genius, but few people have
heard much about his sister, Maria Anna.
As a child, she performed with her brother and 4… .
But her parents felt she should concentrate on making
a good marriage and she vanished from public view.
None of her musical compositions survived. Or take
the painter Angelica Kauffman, one of the founders
of the Royal Academy of Art in London in 1768.
5
… in a painting to celebrate the opening of the Royal
Academy, only the male founders appear!
The past can’t be changed, but today information
can be circulated and updated much more easily
than before. Perhaps the way forward is to rewrite
the history books and sing the praises of women
whose achievements were previously ignored.
There are many more waiting to be rediscovered!
TRACK 72
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 8
4 Contemporary sources praised Maria Anna
Mozart’s musical abilities.
5 Male artists tried to minimise the contribution
of Angelica Kauffman to the Royal Academy.
6 Songs should be written about women’s
achievements.
4 Look at the phrases in bold in the text and
match them to the meanings below.
1 idolise or admire someone so much you
believe they are absolutely perfect
2 try to appear courageous even though you
feel frightened or upset
3 group of people famous for a specific activity
or a place where you can learn about them
4 been completely forgotten by the world
5 reason for being successful
6 talk about how great someone is
7 a specific time when a person is applauded for
achieving something great
8 a weakness or character fault in a person you
admire or respect
5 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the expressions in activity 4.
1 His ... came when he won an Olympic medal in
2012.
2 Charles Darwin is one of the greatest names in
the scientific ... .
3 Even though she didn’t win a prize, she smiled
and ... .
4 Her only ... was writing a best-selling book 20
years ago.
5 Kara was very impressed with her new boss
and ... to the other staff.
6 Andy doesn’t think his girlfriend has any faults
– he’s ... .
7 I used to really admire that actor, but then we found
out that he had a history of violence and had ... .
8 After winning the prize for Book of the Year in
1999, Thomas Nickells never published another
book and ... .
6 Discuss the questions with a partner.
1 Can you think of an unsung hero you know?
What are they like?
I think my neighbour is an unsung hero – she
always helps the old people in our apartments
with their shopping and checks on them every day.
2 Have you ever had a moment of glory?
3 Have you ever had to put on a brave face?
4 Can you think of a hero you used to admire
but who had feet of clay?
85
I need a hero!

LANGUAGE STUDY
1a Join these sentences using so or such a/an. 3b Listen again and complete the table with the
adjectives and the correct prepositions.
1 He trained hard. He won the gold medal. 74

He trained so hard that he won the gold medal. staggered thrilled overjoyed shattered
2 She’s a talented artist. People pay thousands glad disappointed depressed pleased
of pounds for her work. delighted devastated interested
3 The child was brave. He didn’t even cry when Adjective Preposition
he broke his leg.
Positive
4 He was very kind to the refugees. They thought
Negative disappointed in, with, about, at
he was an angel in disguise.
5 My favourite teacher is a gentle and kind person.
3c Listen again and complete the summary with
We think she’s the best teacher in the world.
dependant prepositions.
74
1b Rewrite the sentences from activity 1a to begin We use:
with so or such.
disappointed + 1… or 2… to refer to a situation
1 He trained so hard that he won the gold medal. or thing.
So hard did he train that he won the gold medal. disappointed + 3… or 4… to refer to a person.
Inversion with so and such page 136 devastated / staggered + 5… or 6… to refer to
a situation or thing.
2a Which is more emphatic, a or b? overjoyed / thrilled + 7… + 8… + 9… to refer to a
situation or thing.
1 a It was fantastic that she was the first female Adjective + preposition page 137
astronaut.
b What was fantastic was that she was the 3d Which preposition cannot be used in these
first female astronaut. sentences?
2 a They discovered that winning was not 1 We were all overjoyed at / in / about the safe
everything. arrival of the baby.
b What they discovered was that winning was 2 I was staggered on / by / at the violent reaction
not everything. to my idea.
3 She was thrilled in / at / about winning the award.
What clause + be page 136
4 Gemma was very disappointed about / at / in
losing the race.
2b Rewrite the sentences to begin with what. 5 They expected great things, but sadly they
were soon disappointed with / about / in her.
1 It was incredible that he did it on his own.
2 It’s amazing that so many people want to help. 4a Underline the important information in the
3 I think it is important to try your best. sentences. Which sentence best focuses the
reader’s attention on this information?
4 They found it was impossible to do it all.
5 It’s unbelievable that no one knows what to do. 1 People say Bill Gates has given $10 billion to
medical charities.
6 It was thrilling that we raised so much money.
2 Bill Gates is said to have given $10 billion to
2c Listen and check. Repeat and practise the stress medical charities.
and intonation.
73 Pronunciation guide page 147 4b Which sentences refer to the present and which
to the past?
3a Listen to three dialogues. Answer the questions. 1 Bill Gates is said to be the richest man in the USA.
74 1 Why do the judges think the unlucky candidate 2 He is believed to have saved over 6 million lives
will be upset by their final choice? through his medical charities.
2 Why is Harry’s mother upset about the judges’ 3 He is known to be based in Seattle.
decision? 4 He is thought to have been encouraged to help
3 Why weren’t Sonia’s parents pleased about her others from childhood by his mother.
applying to go on the Arctic Heroes expedition?
Speculating: passive + infinitive /perfect infinitive page 136

86 THAT’S ENGLISH!

5 Rewrite the sections in bold using a suitable
form of the passive infinitive.
J. K. Rowling is, of course, the creator of Harry
Potter and 1people estimate she makes $1.6 million
a day from the schoolboy wizard. 2Many believe
she is the first woman billionaire author. However,
great wealth hasn’t made her forget the time
when she was a poor single mother and she feels
a responsibility to help others. 3Many think she
had the idea of writing about a boy wizard while
she was on a train journey. 4People say she was
rejected by more than twelve publishers before her
first book was accepted. However, 5some people
know her first publisher advised her to get a day
job. 6People say he told her there was no money
in writing children’s books! Luckily, he was wrong
and her incredible success has enabled Jo to give
generously to many charities. 7Experts understand
she donated $160 million dollars in 2012.
6 Complete the text with the correct passive form
of the verbs in brackets or a word or phrase
from the box.
hall of fame so … was sank into oblivion
unsung heroes at such
In 1938, Nicholas Winton went to Prague to
help the refugees who were escaping the
Nazis, and so he became one of the 1... of
WW2. He 2... (believe / organise) the escape
of nearly 700 Jewish children to Britain, but
after the war his story was never publicised
and he 3... for nearly 50 years. 4... modest ...
he that even his family only had a vague idea
of his achievements until his wife found his
wartime notebook and gave it to a journalist.
He was then invited on a TV programme
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 8
where his heroism was revealed, but he was
not overjoyed 5... the publicity! 6... attention
made him feel uncomfortable. Since then, he
7
... (know / shower) with awards, including a
knighthood in 2003. Surprisingly, his name
hasn’t yet been added to the Yad Vashem 8... in
Jerusalem, which celebrates those who saved
Jewish lives in the war.
7a Listen to the introduction to a talk. What is it
about?
75
7b Complete the sentences with the correct words
from the box and listen again to check your
75 answers.
activist fallen idol rough diamond
freedom fighter folk hero icon
1 Robin Hood was a popular ... because he kept
escaping from the law.
2 Doctor House seems a bit rude at first, but
really he’s very kind-hearted – he’s a ... .
3 Nelson Mandela was a non-violent ... in his
efforts to campaign against aparheid.
4 The life of ... Princess Diana has been made
into several films and TV series.
5 Malcolm X was a very influential civil rights ...
in the USA.
6 He used to be a respected politician but he
became a ... after it was revealed he used drugs.
7c Match the expressions from activity 7b to the
definitions (1-6).
1 A person who may seem unrefined but who
has a trustworthy character is a(n) ... .
2 Someone who receives a lot of media attention
and is greatly admired is a(n) ... .
3 A person engaged in trying to replace an
unfair government is a(n) ... .
4 Someone who is seen as a representative of
the common people is a(n) ... .
5 A person who was once greatly respected but
has lost their reputation is a(n) ... .
6 Someone who campaigns to improve the
rights of certain sections of society is a(n) ... .
8 Answer the questions.
1 Do you have any fallen idols? Describe them.
I used to idolise Oscar Pistorius, the Paralympic
runner, then he was accused of murdering his
girlfriend and …
2 Who is your favourite folk hero? Why?
3 Which modern icon do you most admire?
87
I need a hero!

B Global heroines
DOCUMENTARY Speaker Heroine
Reasons for
their choice
1 Have you ever heard of these people?
Katrina Kaif
Boudica the Duke of Wellington Flora McDonald
Lord Nelson Sir Ernest Shackleton Princess Diana
Malala Yousafzai Rosa Parks
Portia Simpson
2 Match the expressions (1-4) to the definitions Nancy Wake
(a-d) below.
Katie Taylor
1 nursery rhymes
2 to make your name 4b Complete the third column with the reason for
3 to brand someone each speaker’s choice.
4 to speak out
a to do something that brings you fame
THAT’S THE USA!
b to state your opinion firmly and clearly 5 Choose the activities you associate with a
c traditional songs for small children beach holiday.
d to label or describe someone scuba diving trekking snorkelling
sailing sunbathing cycling
3 Watch the documentary and answer the
questions.
6 Watch the video of Jodi’s visit to Daytona Beach
1 How did some people become heroes in the and decide if the following sentences are true
past? (✔) or false (✗). Correct the false ones.
2 Who was Boudica and what did she achieve?
3 How did Queen Victoria use Boudica’s
reputation?
4 How did people see the Duke of Wellington at
different times?
5 What did Sir Ernest Shackleton do to become
a hero?
6 Why is Malala Yousafzai seen as a heroine?
7 Are heroes today the same as heroes in the
past? 1 Daytona is not a good place to go to if you
want to go to the beach.
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES 2 Spring break is a holiday between the two
semesters of the school year.
4a Complete the first column and match the 3 Daytona Speedway is well known internationally.
speakers to their heroine.
4 A stock car is just a standard family car.
1 2 3 4 5 High speed racing and good visibility are the
main attractions of the Daytona track.
6 Richard Petty won the Daytona 500 a total of
14 times.

5 6 7 NOW YOU!
7 Who are some of your country’s national
heroines? Do you think their heroic status is
justified?
... is a national heroine that comes to mind and I believe
it’s a well-deserved status. She is known to have ...

88 THAT’S ENGLISH!

SKILLS WORK
1a Read the newspaper article. Match the photos (1-4) to the nominations (A-D). Who would you
vote for and why?
1 2
Your moment of glory
We invited readers to nominate their unsung local heroes for our Moment of Glory award and say what a
difference their heroes have made. Here are the finalists. Email your vote to momentofglory@lymetonpost.com
and we’ll publish the winner next week.
A I’d like to nominate Gerry Phillips, who devotes his
spare time to coaching youngsters in football. He’s
done this for over 25 years, but what’s fantastic about
Gerry is it isn’t just sports that he teaches; he’s a great
mentor and role model too. I should know, I got into
trouble in my teens and if it hadn’t been for Gerry, I
think I would’ve ended up in prison. He inspired me to
achieve more and now I’m a qualified fitness coach.
Gerry would hate to know I’ve nominated him – but he
deserves it! Jermaine Rogers
B My unsung heroine is Kathy Derwent, the road crossing
warden at our school. Not only does she never miss
work, whatever the weather, but she knows all the
children’s names. She’s also a school governor and bakes
the best chocolate cake ever! In fact, she’s raised over
£5,000 through her cake sales. Such is her devotion to
the school that she even spends the holidays painting
the classrooms. Being a part of the school community
is reward enough she says, but I know she’d be secretly
overjoyed at winning the award. Harriet Vickers – Head
of Grove Primary School
1b Read the article again. Answer the questions.
1 Which finalist is considered to be extremely
reliable by her co-workers?
2 Which finalist is said to be an inspiration to
others?
3 Which finalist is thought to enhance the
environment?
4 Which finalist is seen as courageous and
selfless by her family?
2a Listen to two journalists from the Lymeton Post
discussing the award nominations. Do they
77 agree about who should win the award?
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 8
3 4
C I know it’s predictable but I want to sing the praises of my
mum, Khadija. She’s had a hard life but she always keeps
smiling. When she first came to this country, she didn’t
speak English and then my dad died. She was devastated
but determined to keep the family business going, so she
learnt English at evening classes after a busy day in the
shop. She always came to our school parents’ evenings
and checked we did our homework. Whatever we ask of
her, she’s always ready to help. What I find amazing is
she doesn’t understand the meaning of me time, so this
prize would be something special just for her. Alia Khan
D Someone who deserves a moment of glory is my
neighbour, Johnno Trevor. He may seem abrupt but
when you get to know him, you realise he’s just a rough
diamond. Many people might not realise that Johnno’s
responsible for all the flowers growing on the roundabouts
in town. He’s passionate about growing food in his
garden and gives the surplus to local families in need.
He’s also great at mending things and he often does it for
free for the elderly. He’s not very keen on authority and
rules, but he’d do anything for anyone. I’d say he’s a bit of
a folk hero round here. Darren Flowers
TRACK 76
2b Listen again and complete the table with the
journalists’ opinions.
77
Gerry Kathy Johnno
Khadija
Phillips Derwent Trevor
Clare
Aiden
3 Write an entry (80-100 words) for the Moment
of Glory award about someone you think is an
unsung hero.
My unsung heroine is my aunt Christina. I want to sing
her praises because she’s ... She always ... She inspired
me to ... What I find amazing is ... She’d be overjoyed
at winning because ...
89
I need a hero!

SPEAKING
1 What characteristics do you think a modern-day Expressing surprise
personal hero should have? Choose the ones 8 Never! 10 You don’t say!
you consider important and add some more of
9 Fancy that! 11 Really!
your own.
3 The definite article the is often stressed to
emphasise information. Listen to the sentences
79 and repeat with the same stress and intonation.
1 She overcame her disability in the most amazing
way.
2 She is just the most courageous person ever.
3 They helped me succeed in the most wonderful
way.
4 Sadly, the result was the worst possible
outcome.
Pronunciation for emphasis: the page 147

have a sense of humour

avoid conflict be open to bribery 4a Listen to Zak telling Annie about his hero. Choose
the feelings Zak has about him.
be compassionate give up easily be resilient 80
be courageous be truthful show humility 1 letdown 4 annoyed
2 thrilled 5 shattered
3 disappointed 6 staggered
2a Listen to the conversation between Zak and
Annie. Answer the questions. 4b Listen again and complete the extracts with the
78
missing words.
80
A: I don’t know much about him really, other
than he’s a fallen idol.
Z: You 1... it! What a 2... !

Z: That was a terrible example for kids.

A: Too 3... !
Z: 4... I found most disappointing 5... he wouldn’t
admit the truth for ages.

Z: It was 6... to realise it had been going on

for many years. It makes you lose faith in
1 What is special about Annie’s personal heroine? sportspeople.
2 Does Zak share Annie’s enthusiasm for her A: You’re 7... !
heroine’s achievements?
4c Choose the correct answers.
2b Listen to the conversation again. Tick the
phrases you hear. 1 The expressions in bold in activity 4b express:
78
a anger b confusion c disappointment
Describing emphatically
2 The underlined expressions express:
1 What was fantastic was she was the first
person to ... a slight agreement c disagreement
2 What I find fascinating is ... b emphatic agreement
3 She’s reported to have raised ... Expressing disappointment page 137

4 She overcame her disability in the most

amazing way. 4d Listen and say the complete expression after
the beep. Pay attention to the intonation.
Showing admiration 81
5 Unbelievable! 1 What a ... ! 4 What I found ... .
6 That’s so incredible! 2 Too ... ! 5 It was absolutely ... .
7 I have to say, that is extraordinary! 3 You’re … ! 6 You said ... !

90 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 8

5 Listen to the end of Zak and Annie’s conversation. Z: But 6… , I 7… now that being 8… and doing
How have they been influenced by their heroes? your 9… is all you need to do. Winning isn’t
82 Complete the gaps with one word. 10
….
A: Maybe you need to find a new hero –
Z: 1... , do you think you’ve been 2... by Claire
someone whose 11... you 12... .
Lomas?
Z: ... !
13
A: Yes, she’s 3... me 4... my problems aren’t that
bad. What 5... you?

Interaction: how to express disappointment

6a Think of a person/hero you really admired but who let you down and you no longer admire.
First, choose three characteristics that made you admire this person from the box below and
make notes saying why.

truthful and honest courageous compassionate brave resilient modest

Example: resilient
I really admired X. She was such a fighter. She had to overcome all kinds of problems when
she was a child, but she managed to achieve great success despite her disabilities.

6b Choose the reasons why you no longer admire this person from the box below and make
notes saying why.

they cheated and didn’t admit it they betrayed a cause

they showed off after achieving success they showed weakness
Example: showing off after achieving success
I used to admire Y. She was the best … But later, success went to her head and she started
acting like a real diva. She’s even rude to people when they express their admiration for her.

7 Work with a partner. Talk about a former personal hero you no longer admire. Use your
notes from activities 6a and 6b and include emphatic expressions. Structure your interaction
according to the flow chart below. Swap roles.

A Ask B about someone they used to B Describe hero / heroine emphasising

admire their good qualities

A Show surprise and ask why B

B Explain why
thought he/she was the best

A Ask why B no longer admire this B Reply to A’s question expressing

person disappointment

A Ask for more information B Reply

A Respond and agree. Ask B if they

B Reply and ask A about someone they
were influenced by their former
used to admire
hero/heroine

THAT’S ENGLISH! 91
UNIT
9 Let’s hit the road

OBJECTIVES
• To talk about different travel experiences
• To thank and apologise politely

A Expand your horizons

BEFORE YOU WATCH 4 Answer the questions.

1 Write the type of transport you associate with 1 Why do they decide to take an alternative
each group of words. route?
2 What objections does Karen raise about the
1 buffet car, rails, locomotive new route?
2 departure lounge, take off, wing 3 How does Danny claim he helped Karen and
3 petrol station, seat belt, hand brake Anthony when they were changing the tyre?
4 ferry, seasickness, port 4 What makes Antony decide to give up and go
5 helmet, pedal, handlebar home?
5 How do they get home in the end?
WHILE YOU WATCH 5 Match the expressions (1-5) to their meaning
2 Answer the questions. (a-e).
1 miss out a hit someone with a car
2 set off b begin a journey
3 hit the road c return in the same direction
4 turn back d lose an opportunity
5 run over e start a trip

1 How does Anthony convince his housemates
to come with him?
2 Why does Anthony have to change his route?
AFTER YOU WATCH
3 Decide if the statements are true (✔) or false (✗).
Correct the false ones.
1 Anthony is rehearsing for a job interview.
2 Anthony invites Danny so that he can help him
to improve his presentation skills.
3 Danny is excited by the idea of luxury travel.
4 The expenses only cover the room.
5 There isn’t enough room in the boot for
Danny’s golf clubs.
6 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the words given in activity 5.
Ada: Come everybody it’s time to go! Let’s 1... .
Mike: Wait a minute. I’m finishing my tea.
Ada: Well, drink it quickly, then. We were
supposed to 2... almost half an hour ago.
Liz: Hurry up Mike, if we arrive late, we’ll 3...
on the welcome glass of champagne and
that would be terrible!
Ada: The car’s over there, so be careful when
you cross the road. I don’t want anyone
to get 4... . Make sure you’ve got all your
luggage. We’re not 5... for anything once
we’re on the motorway.
NOW YOU!
7 Describe a disastrous journey you experienced.
My last trip from … was … . We’d decided to
come back by … , but …

92 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following question: Do you think travel broadens the
mind? Why or why not?
1 Predict two ways in which travel broadens the mind that the speakers will mention.
2 Watch the video and check your predictions.

Kristen Cheryl Robert Dena Nicole Chelsi Brandy Thierno

9 Choose the correct answer.

1 Kristen thinks that living in the USA is like living in a cocoon / cave so when people from the
States travel they are like a butterfly / bird expanding its wings.
2 Cheryl and Robert see travel as a chance to forget about / solve their problems and leave the
world aside / behind.
3 Cheryl and Thierno both say that travel helps people to expand their horizons / worlds.
4 Nicole thinks that travel helps people to see / understand themselves better.
5 For Brandy and Chelsi, the important thing about travel is the opportunity it gives them to
experience different cultures / people.

10 Complete the sentences with one word in each gap.

Dena: Travel opens your mind to 1… and 2… .

Nicole: Travel helps you get a 3… … of what’s going on.
Chelsi: Travel broadens the mind, because you get to see 4… of your normal 5… .
Thierno: I love travelling. I'm a 6… -trotter.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! 12 Complete the sentences with a travel verb from
the box in the correct tense and form.
11 Do the sentences (a-b) have the same (S) or
different (D) meaning? board block fasten leave take off widen

1 a Travel broadens your horizons.
b Travel helps you expand your outlook.
2 a My parents have always travelled a lot,
but since their retirement they’ve become
armchair travellers.
b My parents have always been great
travellers; they’re retired now, but they’re
still globe-trotting as much as ever.
3 a We’re going to hit the road early tomorrow
morning.
b We’re setting off first thing tomorrow morning.
4 a Travel helps you to find out about what’s
going on in the world.
b Through travelling people can discover new
things about themselves.
5 a There are big traffic jams so they might be late.
b We expect them to be delayed due to long
tailbacks on the motorway.
1 It’s the driver’s responsibility to make sure all
the passengers … their seat belts.
2 The plane … over two hours late.
3 I enjoy … my horizons, so I travel as much as I can.
4 Don’t forget your suitcase. We travel to … our
problems behind, not our luggage!
5 Bridget is in the departure lounge about to …
her plane.
6 There’s a danger that all this snow may … the
road through the mountains.
NOW YOU!
13 Do you think travel broadens the mind? Why or
why not?
I think travel … because it takes … normal,
everyday environment and gives you new
experiences …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 93
Let’s hit the road
READING
1a Look at the holiday destinations. Which would
you like to visit? Why? Which would you never
visit? Why not?
1 3
2 4
1b Answer the questions.
1 Some people say that travel broadens the
mind. What do they mean? Do you agree?
2 What is your preferred means of transport
when travelling? Why?
2a Read the first paragraph of a text about a flight
attendant. Where do you think it’s from?
1 a biography
2 an article in a tabloid newspaper or gossip
magazine
3 a website with information about careers in
the airline industry
2b Now read the whole text. Are the statements
true (✔) or false (✗)? Correct the false ones.
1 Cabin crew need to be strong and fit.
2 Flying is good for your health.
3 Morley often flies to the other side of the
world.
4 Flight attendants don’t have much responsibility
after a plane has made an emergency landing.
5 Morley is less interested in people than he used
to be.
6 He has been attacked by passengers.
7 People quite often get angry when Morley asks
them to turn off their phones.
94
Blue skies
in Bangkok
‘People don’t realise that being a flight attendant
is a very physical job. You work long hours, you’re
on your feet all day and the food and beverage
trolleys you have to push around often weigh up
to 100 kilos. You work in a small crowded space
dealing with hot liquids, screaming babies, angry
passengers and, on top of all this, you are often
exhausted from jet lag. Flying is hard on the
human body and flight attendants can develop
health problems owing to the changes in air
pressure, the different time zones and a poor diet
of processed food from the on-board catering.
I’m lucky because I only work on long-haul
flights: I’m based in London and fly mostly to
South-East Asia. One of the best perks of the
job is the free flights, which I regularly take
advantage of: I try to get away for a short break
somewhere beautiful as often as I can.
Safety comes first in the airline industry, and there
are strict rules about the amount of rest long-haul
cabin crew must have between flights on account
of the essential role we play in passenger
safety. For example, if the plane had to make an
emergency landing, we would be responsible for
evacuating the 500 or more passengers from the
huge A380 aircraft and keeping them calm. So
it’s very important we rest properly, which is why
we always stop over for at least 48 hours and
when we arrive at our destination, we are always
picked up by an airline vehicle and safely dropped
off at the hotel. My airline always puts cabin crew
and pilots up in the same hotel for stopovers and
I think this helps to build a team spirit.
3a Complete the sentences with the appropriate
word(s) in bold from the text.
1 Your … is the place you are going.
2 Aircraft can experience … when flying through
bad weather.
3 … are long-distance flights.
4 Flight attendants serve passengers from … .
5 … are stops during a journey, particularly
when flying.
THAT’S ENGLISH!

Morley Schofield has worked as a flight attendant
for a prestigious British airline for almost 20 years
I love my job because I like working with people
– I find them endlessly interesting – but my worst
experiences have all been due to passengers
behaving badly. Because I’m a man and quite
big, my colleagues always call me when there
are problems. I was once bitten by a passenger
who got hysterical when the aircraft was going
through turbulence, and I was even punched in
the face by the mother of a Hollywood celebrity!
Only last week, we had an incident just as a flight
was to take off from Sydney airport. A passenger
opened the emergency doors because she
wanted some fresh air! Some passengers
routinely overreact when you ask them to turn
off their electronic devices during take-off and
landing, and you’d be surprised how many still
believe we won’t notice if they smoke in the toilets!
But even now, I still get excited as I walk across
the runway to board the plane. It’s cloudy and
it’s raining but I know there are going to be blue
skies in Bangkok later on. I think I’ve got the best
job in the world.’ TRACK 84
6 The … is the place where planes take off and
land.
7 … is the feeling of tiredness people experience
after flying through different time zones.
8 … an aircraft is when you make all the
passengers get off, for example, in an
emergency.
9 Airlines offer an … service, which provides
food and drink for passengers.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 9
3b Complete the email with the correct form of the
words from activity 3a.
Hi Liz,
We had a bit of a difficult journey back from
Australia but we got here in the end! Our
flight out of Worramaloo was delayed due
to kangaroos on the 1… and so we missed
our 2… to London. The airline put us on
another international flight, 3... Paris! Then
we flew into an electric storm and there was
bad 4… and a flight attendant was injured
by a 5… . We had to make an emergency
landing in Malaysia and the plane was 6… .
After a 7… of about eight hours, we flew
back to Sydney, but this time we got put
in business class with fantastic 8… ! I have
terrible 9… after our three-day journey, but
I’m happy to be home.
Vanesa xx
3c Listen to Vanesa talking to Liz about her flight
back from Australia and check your answers.
85
4a Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the highlighted phrasal verbs from the text.
1 Can you … me … from the train station at
9:00 p.m. please?
2 Around 20 aircrafts … or land at the airport
every hour.
3 The flight will … in Singapore on its way to
Japan.
4 My dad’s going to … me … at your house
before he goes to work.
5 I’m so stressed; I really need to … somewhere
nice and relaxing.
6 Six of my son’s friends are coming for the
weekend; I don’t know if we’ve got enough
space to … them all … !
4b Answer the questions.
1 How often do you try to get away for a short
break? Where do you go?
I try to get away at least once a month …
2 Do you prefer to be picked up and/or dropped
off when going on holiday? Or would you
rather do it alone? Why?
3 Do you enjoy putting people up in your home
or would you rather they went to a hotel? Why?
95
Let’s hit the road
LANGUAGE STUDY
1a Read the paragraph and match the words in
bold (1-5) to the definitions (a-e).
My friend Paul works for an oil company and
has to 1travel a lot. The company sends him on
lots of 2trips to exotic places. He spends hours
on planes and trains – on long 3journeys he
always takes audio books. He says that 4travel
isn’t a problem for him as long as he has a
good book! But he sometimes has to make
long 5voyages by sea to visit oil rigs, which he
hates because he gets seasick!
a … is a verb to talk about going from one place
to another.
b … (uncountable) is a general term used to
describe going from one place to another.
c … is a noun which refers to the distance
travelled and in one direction only.
d … is a noun which refers to travel by sea or in
space.
e … is a noun which refers to travel for a short
duration, normally with a precise objective,
e.g. for business. It includes the notion of
there and back.
1b Choose the correct option.
1 The journey / trip by car from Madrid to
Barcelona takes about five hours.
2 We went on a great camping trip / journey in
the mountains last week.
3 I hate long journeys / travel by car – they make
me feel sick!
4 Travel / Trips in this part of Africa can be
challenging due to the poor roads.
5 The first or maiden voyage / trip of the ocean
liner The Titanic ended in disaster.
6 She invited me to come on a trip / journey to
Thailand next year.
96
2a Listen to Indian travel agent Lakshmi Patel
talking to a European tourist about rail travel
86 across India.
1 What three reasons does Lakshmi give for
choosing to travel by train in India?
2 How many types of ticket are there?
3 What type of ticket does she recommend?
2b Listen again and complete the fact sheet with
the words from the box.
86
carriage compartment peak times
platform seats berths fare bunk
Rail travel in India
Indian stations are crowded at 1… in big cities. You
may need help to find the right 2… to travel from.
Second class ticket: This is the lowest 3… . You are
in an open-plan 4… with wooden or plastic 5… . No air
conditioning and very crowded.
Sleeper class ticket: Sleeper trains are popular and have
three-tier 6… beds. Great views from the open windows.
2AC ticket (two-tier, air conditioning/AC): There are
two-tier sleeping 7… which convert into seats during the
day. They have curtains for privacy.
1AC ticket (first class, air conditioning): You are in a
8
… with two or four sleeping berths and a door that you
can lock.
2c Match the definitions to the words from the fact
sheet in activity 2b.
1 a train you can sleep on
2 the place you sleep in a train or ship
3 beds on top of one another
4 the price of a train journey
5 where you get on and off a train
6 the busiest and most popular travelling times
THAT’S ENGLISH!

3a Ruth is at the airport. Listen and match the
extracts (1-4) to the situations (a-d).
87
Extract 1 a boarding the aircraft
Extract 2 b checking in her luggage
Extract 3 c waiting in the departure lounge
Extract 4 d going through security
Now complete Ruth’s flight details.
Flight number: BA … Boarding time: …
Departure gate: … Seat number: …
3b Listen again and complete the questions the
airport staff ask Ruth. Write her reply (Yes/No).
87
1 Can I ask you some security questions? Yes
2 Did you … your … yourself?
3 Did anybody ask you to … anything on … for
them?
4 Have you … your … ... at any time?
5 Can you … that you are not carrying any sharp
… , guns, firearms or … devices?
6 Do you have any … luggage?
7 Are you … any … or gels?
3c Listen again to the first four questions from 3b.
Underline the stressed syllables and circle the
88 vowels that reduce to schwa (/ə/).
1 Can I ask you some security questions?
3d Listen again and repeat.
Pronunciation: schwa page 145
88
4a Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-7) to
the endings (a-g).
1 Due to increasing health problems,
2 The airline had to raise its prices
3 This flight was delayed
4 In view of how hard the mattresses are in these
berths,
5 After the heavy rain, the southbound
carriageway was closed
6 On account of his unusual size and weight,
7 The plane was delayed due to
a because of the bad weather.
b I doubt I shall get any sleep.
c due to a sick pilot.
d he was obliged to book two seats on the aircraft.
e encountering an electrical storm.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 9
f she had to give up working on long-haul flights.
g owing to the increase in operating costs.
Cause and effect page 138
4b Write two possible logical endings for each
sentence.
1 On account of the alarming weather reports,
we had to cancel our travel plans. / we decided
not to go climbing.
2 In view of the passenger’s unreasonable
behaviour, …
3 Due to the lack of air conditioning in the train, …
4 Owing to an accident this morning, …
5 Because of the heavy traffic, …
5a Study the examples. Then complete the rule.
1 We’re about to land. / We were about to land.
2 We’re on the point of landing. / We were on
the point of landing.
3 We’re to land soon. / We were to land soon.
We use these structures to describe actions
that are/were about to happen in the immediate
future:
• be about to + 1…
• be on the point of + 2…
• be to + 3…
Be about to, be on the point of, be to page 138
5b Use the prompts to make sentences about
events that are / were about to happen.
1 The train / leave the station / all passengers /
be on board. (about to – past)
The train was about to leave the station and all
the passengers were on board.
2 The flight / take off at 10:30 / crew / be strapped
into their seats. (be to – past)
3 She / get into her sleeping berth / notice
someone steal her blankets. (about to – past)
4 He / ask the passengers to sit down / captain
make an announcement. (on the point of –
past)
5 The aircraft / make an emergency landing / we
have to evacuate passengers / immediately
afterwards. (be to – present)
6 The airport / declare / a state of emergency.
(on the point of – present)
97
Let’s hit the road

B Off the beaten track

a the south and west of the country
DOCUMENTARY b the small outer islands
1 What is your experience of travelling by c the south coast
motorbike? Do you enjoy it or would you like to
d the Civil War battlegrounds
try it? Why or why not?
e the countryside and smaller towns
f the city of Glasgow

THAT’S THE USA

5 Decide which sentences are connected with
theme parks.

2 Watch the documentary and decide if the

sentences are true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the
false ones.
1 The National British Motorcycle Federation
(BMF) has more than a million members.
2 Motorcyclists enjoy the sense of freedom and
also feeling part of the countryside they are
travelling through.
3 The first motorbikes appeared in the mid-19th
century and were steam powered. 1 I love going on rides, seeing shows and
4 Motorbike racing became popular as a sport attractions.
after the First World War. 2 Let’s go on the swings.
5 Motorbikes gradually came to be associated 3 It’s a 300 foot drop.
with gangs, fighting and violence. 4 What about feeding the ducks?
6 The British Motorcycle Federation was started 5 The roller coaster was totally awesome!
by former members of the Hell’s Angels gang. 6 I can’t stand waiting in lines.
7 The BMF aims to improve the public image of
motorcycling. 6 Watch the video and answer the questions
8 The Ace Café in London has recently become about Orlando’s theme parks.
a meeting place for motorcyclists.
1 What industry was Orlando built around?
2 What is the name of the second tallest roller
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES coaster of its kind in the world?
3 What are the three most beautiful or interesting 3 What does Miniland USA have replicas of?
places that you would recommend people visit 4 What does a Master Model Builder do?
in your country? Why? 5 Why do families enjoy going to Legoland?
6 How are the replicas built?
4 Watch the video. Match the speakers (1-6) to the
attractions they mention (a-f).
1 3 5
NOW YOU!
7 What is your opinion of theme parks? Do you
enjoy visiting them? Talk about your experience.

We took our children to Disneyland in Paris

2 4 6 and spent all our time standing in queues.
I hated it! I used to like theme parks when
I was younger, but now I find them a
nightmare.

98 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 9
SKILLS WORK
1 Do you enjoy travelling for pleasure? Where do you like to go as a tourist?
I adore travelling for pleasure and I get away either with friends or on my own as often as
possible. My favourite getaways are …

2a Read the article about the development of modern tourism. Is the writer’s attitude towards
the modern tourist industry positive or negative?

Modern tourism:
great for whom?
In Europe, tourism began in the 18th century when
wealthy families used to send their sons, and very
occasionally, their daughters on the ‘Grand Tour’, a
trip across Europe to learn about culture. They visited
historical sites, took music and art lessons, and of course
tried to improve their foreign language skills, especially
French and Italian. Transport was an expensive luxury
in those days and only the rich had the means to pay
for it: it wasn’t until the expansion of the railways in
the 1840s that ordinary people had any opportunity to
abroad. Mass travel began to develop particularly in places
travel beyond their immediate environment. Then, in
with a sunny climate such as Spain and Greece. Tourism
the 1860s a Scottish man called Thomas Cook started
has become essential to the economy of many European
offering organised tours to the middle classes and the
countries in this century, but although it creates jobs and
concept of leisure travel began to develop.
economic opportunities, it can also cause environmental
During the 20th century, Europeans enjoyed increasing problems, and break up traditional communities. If 18th
amounts of leisure time. Employers became legally century tourists were in search of art and culture, sadly,
obliged to give workers paid holidays and ordinary many 21st century tourists only seem interested in a
people started going to the seaside for holidays and then suntan and cheaper prices than at home. TRACK 89

2b Read the article again and find the following information.

1 The reasons why rich people travelled in the 18th century.

2 Two events in the 19th century that gave ordinary people more travel opportunities.
3 The reason why ordinary people in the 20th century had more time and money for travel.
4 Two advantages and two disadvantages of modern tourism according to the author.

3a Tex Wallander, a journalist, is talking to Alba Johnson Pérez from the Spanish Tourist Board.
How does she answer the criticism that tourism has spoiled the coast?
90

3b Listen again and complete the information about the Spanish tourist industry according to Alba.

90 Tourism in Spain
Contribution to the economy 1
… euros
Number of visitors to Spain last May 2
…
Top four countries visitors come from 3
… 4… 5… 6…
Two strengths of the industry 7
… 8…
World leader in 9
… 10… and 11… initiatives

4 Talk about your preferences when travelling. Include the following: type of holiday,
accommodation, destination, group or individual, etc.

When I was younger, I preferred to travel on my own or with a small group of friends to
exotic places, but now that I’m older, I’m actually starting to like more organised holidays
because …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 99
Let’s hit the road

WRITING
1a Read two versions of an email of apology and underline the expressions used to apologise
and thank.

A Dear Mrs Smithson,

Thank you ever so much for allowing the youth group
to use your cottage last weekend, and I really must
apologise for the fact that the kitchen was not cleaned
properly. Some of the group were supposed to return
later to finish, but due to the fact that they overslept,
they were late. I understand that, because of this, you
had done a lot of the cleaning yourself by the time
they arrived: that was so kind of you and you really
needn’t have gone to so much trouble.
In view of the fact that I am leader of the youth group,
I take full responsibility and ask you to please accept
my apologies again on the group’s behalf. I do assure
you that this is not typical behaviour and it will not
happen again. If it is convenient, we can come back
next Saturday and thoroughly clean the whole cottage.
Yours truly
Kylie Jones
B Dear Mrs Smithson,
Thanks for lending the youth group your cottage
last weekend and sorry for leaving the kitchen in
a mess. Our goodbye party finished really late and
so I’d arranged for some of the group to go back
later to finish the cleaning, but apparently, they
overslept and you’d done most of the cleaning
yourself by the time they arrived.
Obviously this wasn’t my fault, but it’s really
embarrassing! I know I’m the leader, but it’s so
difficult to get young people to develop a sense
of responsibility, not to mention trying to make
them get up in the morning! Sorry again for the
inconvenience caused.
Yours truly
Kylie

1b Which version of the apology do you think is better? Why?

1c A well-written apology and thank you email follows the structure below (1-4). In which email
(A, B or both) does Kylie … ?
1 give a reason / explanation for what happened 3 reassure the other party that it won’t happen again
2 take responsibility 4 promise to take action

2a Listen to a communications expert talking about apologising and thanking in English. Choose
the correct answers.
91
1 Using appropriate expressions is important to show you are sincere / afraid.
2 In English you apologise only if it’s your fault / even when it’s the other person’s fault.
3 Not apologising a lot makes you sound impolite / polite in English.
4 You should use the same / a different register depending on the situation.

2b Listen again and complete the expressions in the table.

91 Formal Informal

I really must apologise for the I’m … sorry.

1
I’m sorry for …
fact that … I … apologise.
2
Sorry again
Apologising
I do assure you that … Please 3… my (thoughtlessness). for …
Please accept my apologies. Please 4… me for not realising that … I 5… for …
Thank you ever so much for … I really 7… your help.
Thanking / I’d … like to thank you for helping. I am most 8… for …
6
expressing Thanks for …
gratitude That’s so kind of you. How 9… !
You really needn’t have. Thank you, but you really 10… have!

Taking I take full responsibility. There really is no 12… for my It was my

responsibility I 11… … realised that … behaviour. fault.

100 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 UNIT 9

3a It’s important to use suitable intonation when verbally apologising or thanking. Listen and
decide which speakers are being polite and which are not. Tick the right column.
92
A B
polite not polite polite not polite
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Pronunciation: intonation page 147

3b Listen again and repeat using polite intonation.

92

Writing: a formal email of apology

4a Read the situations and the notes below. Match the notes to the situations and add two more
of your own.
1 You shouted at the woman at reception at your hotel because you believed she had made a
mistake about the dates of your reservation. You now realise that the mistake was yours.
2 You and some people you’d just met had a party in your hotel room. When one of the hotel
guests came to complain about the noise, the person (not you) who opened the door to
them was very rude.
didn’t know the person it was my birthday too many people
Shouting at recepcionist who opened door

Noise in hotel room I overreacted room unavailable a long journey music too loud

4b Choose one of the situations and write a formal email of apology to the hotel manager (160-
200 words). Use your notes from activity 4a. Follow the structure in activity 1c and remember
to include the following:
• expressions for apologising and thanking • expressions to show cause and effect

Contact us
How can we help you?
Name Albert Duncan Email albertduncan@wohj.uk Phone (+44) 853328510

Message Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to apologise for my friend’s rude behaviour towards one of the hotel’s guests
last Saturday night. We had just met some people at a party and we decided to have a
drink in the hotel room. I’m afraid the noise got too loud and a guest knocked on the door.
The person who opened the door was very rude to the guest.
In view of the fact that it was my room, I take full responsibility and ask you to accept my
apologies on my behalf and on behalf of my friend. I assure you that this is not normal
behaviour and it will never happen again. I apologise again for any inconvenience we may
have caused.
Yours truly,
Albert Duncan
Submit

THAT’S ENGLISH! 101

 OBJECTIVES
Revision 2
LANGUAGE REVISION
1 Write conditional sentences to connect the two
ideas.
1 I’m not happy now. I didn’t marry my old
girlfriend.
If I had married my old girlfriend, I’d be happy
now.
2 I’m a doctor now. My parents made me study
hard.
3 My mother didn’t buy the newspaper. She
missed the news about the accident.
4 John’s afraid of heights. He didn’t go up the
Eiffel Tower when he was in Paris.
5 We didn’t arrive at the airport on time. We
aren’t flying over the Atlantic now.
6 I left my coat at home. I caught a cold.
7 You don’t make an effort. You don’t have a
chance for promotion.
2 Complete the sentences with an adjective from
the box. Then connect them with so or such
(a / an) for emphasis using inversion.
catchy disappointed huge
overjoyed sumptuous unwary
1 It was a catchy slogan. Soon everyone was
repeating it.
So catchy was the slogan that soon everyone
was repeating it.
2 The decoration of the dining room will be … .
It will look like a palace.
3 His parents were … to see him home safe.
They couldn’t stop smiling.
4 She feels … . She wants to cry.
5 It became a(n) … problem. No one could deal
with it.
6 He’s a(n) … traveller. He always gets robbed.
3 Complete the sentences with a word from the
box. Use the singular or plural as appropriate.
goods cactus criterion means
diagnosis passer-by
1 We use strict … to evaluate the students.
2 Which … of transport do you prefer to use?
3 Several … were injured when the car went off
the road.
4 I’ve been given different … by three doctors.
102
• To review the contents of units 5-9
5 The online store will send your … by
messenger service.
6 Several species of … grow in the desert.
4 Complete the sentences with question tags.
1 I shouldn’t give up drinking milk, … ?
2 She’s gone to Italy, … ?
3 You can be incredibly charming, … ?
4 Just bring me a newspaper, … ?
5 The subjects in these sentences are not relevant.
Rewrite the sentences using the passive.
1 Scientists estimate the temperature has risen
by 2 degrees.
The temperature is estimated to have risen by
2 degrees.
2 Staff know he’s a difficult customer.
3 Critics say the actor gave his best performance
in that film.
4 Experts think the disease came from a type of
mosquito.
5 They believe the situation is getting better.
6 Complete the second sentence so that it has a
similar meaning to the first. Use the words in
brackets in the correct form. Write between two
and five words.
1 I wanted you to choose the first option. (rather)
I … the first option.
2 The director wanted to change the business
plan. (propose)
The director … the business plan.
3 It was easy taking the bus. (was)
What … taking the bus.
4 Wages were cut because there was a
recession. (owing)
Wages were cut … the recession.
5 Our profits are 50% lower than last year. (fall)
Our profits … half since last year.
6 I don’t want you to stay out late. (if)
I’d prefer … stay out late.
7 He says we should take the next flight out of
here. (suggest)
He ... the next flight out of here.
8 They were about to leave when the alarm
sounded. (point)
They were … when the alarm sounded.
THAT’S ENGLISH!

9 Although the speech was good, it didn’t
convince me. (spite)
In ... good, the speech didn’t convince me.
10 I don’t want to give them the information.
(rather)
I … give them the information.
7 Complete the sentences with a preposition or
particle.
1 You’ll have to add … all your expenses to
make a claim.
2 Could you drop me … at the station on the
way to the office?
3 I’ve tried to talk him … of it, but he’s determined
to go.
4 Don’t be put … by his abrupt manner.
Underneath, he’s very gentle.
5 His speech was so convincing that he won …
all the voters.
6 Before you make a decision, you need to
weigh … all the options.
7 A friend has offered to put me … when I go to
London, so I won’t need a hotel.
8 I’m looking forward to getting … this weekend
to a spa in the country.
8 Choose the correct option.
A: Right, we have to decide who to choose
from the nominations for citizen of the year.
What do you all reckon? You have your 1pick /
option of ten worthy people.
B: What about James? I can’t sing his 2value /
praises enough of the boy who saved his sister
from a fire.
C: Hmm, but there’s also Sally who pulled her
sister from the railway track at the eleventh
3
moment / hour.
A: Well, I’m in favour of Carl. You know, he
revealed the cases of 4bribery / wealth in the
local council despite threats against his life.
B: That’s right, I remember. Those councillors
5
thrilled / betrayed us by accepting money
from builders to approve their projects.
C: Or how about Thomas? I think he’s a
6
certain / way better option. You know he
walked a thousand miles to raise money for
charity and when he reached his 7destiny /
destination he walked all the way back!
A: We’re certainly 8given / spoilt for choice.
I can’t believe there are so many
9
outstanding / truthful people in such a small
town.
C: I don’t think we should make a 10hasty /
careful decision. Let’s think about it and
decide tomorrow.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Revision 2
9 Use a word from column A with a word from
column B to complete the sentences.
A B
common diamond
cutting- edge
fallen ground
jet idol
peak lag
rough time
1 We found some … to start the project as
everyone agreed on the location.
2 We have … business practices, which makes
our company the most up-to-date in its field.
3 Our postman is a … . Although he seems rude,
he does care about the neighbours.
4 I’ve just got back from a long flight and I’ve got
terrible … . I feel exhausted.
5 Some people regard him as a … . He was
admired for his sporting success, but later had
drug problems.
6 This is the … for commuter travel, so there are
always traffic jams.
10 Complete the sentences with a word from the
box. There are three words you don’t need.
blue body face journey mind
travel voyage white yellow
1 She bought me the most beautiful saffron …
scarf for my birthday.
2 He was upset, but put on a brave … to hide his
disappointment.
3 We had a pleasant … over the ocean on our
way to Cuba.
4 The bedsheets were creamy … and incredibly
soft.
5 Over my dead … will my daughter marry that
horrible man.
6 I think the train … across Siberia was the most
exciting part of my holiday.
11 Listen and circle the word the if it is emphasised.
93 1 I met the most incredible woman.
2 These are the best results we’ve ever had.
3 Have you ever seen the real George Clooney?
4 You are just the greatest friend I’ve ever had.
5 He’s the major player in his category.
103
Revision 2

SKILLS WORK
1 Read the first paragraph of the text and choose the correct option.
1 7,229 people die in aircraft accidents every year.
2 8 million people travel by plane every year.
3 The number of flights per year is four times the number of passengers who fly every day.

2 Now read the whole text and choose the correct title.
1 Disaster in the river 2 A miracle landing 3 Reasons why flying is safe

Did you know that statistics tell us that air travel is the
safest form of transport? Around 32 million flights take
off every year and more than 8 million people travel
daily for business or pleasure with very few fatalities.
In fact, only 1 in 7,229 people die in aircraft accidents
as opposed to 1 in 415 in cars.
We always hear about major air disasters but not
so often are we aware of the disasters that have
been avoided. One hero of aviation must be Chesley
Sullenberger, a US Airways pilot who saved 155
passengers on the plane he was flying by successfully
landing on the Hudson River in New York. The flight had
taken off from La Guardia airport a couple of minutes
previously and was climbing over the city when the
plane flew into a flock of geese. Some of these birds
were caught in the engines, which cut out, caught fire
and could not be restarted. Sullenberger’s instincts
(and 19,663 hours of flying experience) advised him
against trying to return to the airport and flying over
the crowded city. For him there was no choice but to
guide the plane towards the river, pass over the George
Washington Bridge and, three minutes later, land on
the water. All the passengers and crew survived, which
The captain became a world-wide celebrity and has
been showered with honours for his bravery and
cool-headedness. He has become a leader in aircraft
safety and explains that the most important factor is
pilot experience. He claims that wage cuts for pilots are
causing more experienced pilots to leave the industry
and that airlines are employing more and more pilots
with only a few hundred hours' flying time. While there
are relatively few emergencies on flights nowadays,
Sullenberger knows that many pilots do not have the
expertise to deal with unexpected situations and make
split-second decisions.
But this incident was not only a life-changing experience
for the pilot. The passengers lived through moments
they will never forget. Many of them spent those three
minutes thinking that they were the last of their lives,
and since then they have a different perspective. This
born-again feeling has led one passenger to give up her
job and start working as a volunteer. Others say that they
know that life is a precious gift and must be lived to the
full. Incidents that used to make them irritated or upset
can’t be compared with going down in a burning plane
into a river. Most of them feel they have been given a
(online source)

made this one of the few emergency landings on water second chance and that they now choose to live their
without serious casualties. lives in the best way they can. TRACK 94

3 Now read the text again. Are these statements true (✔) or false (✗)? Correct the false ones.
1 The plane was coming in to land at La Guardia airport when the incident happened.
2 Sullenberger’s experience helped his decision to turn back to the airport.
3 Sullenberger received awards for his actions.
4 Sullenberger thinks that many pilots could not deal with a similar situation.
5 None of the passengers changed their lives because of the crash.
6 Some passengers learnt to be more tolerant after the crash.

104 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 Revision 2

4a Listen to three conversations and match the 7 Put the connectors in the appropriate column.
dialogues (1-3) to the situations (a-f). There are Then complete the sentences below.
95 three situations which do not match any of the
dialogues.
as a result because of furthermore
1… 2… 3… although in spite of on the other hand
due to owing to instead (of) therefore
a two artists discussing a painting even though however moreover
b a conversation between friends
c a radio programme
d a teacher talking to a student Cause Result Contrast Addition
e a job interview
f a policeman interviewing a suspect
1 Teenagers can get into trouble … the influence
4b Listen again and complete the table. of their peers.
95 What was the Was it good or 2 Children can be overprotected. … , they don’t
change? bad? learn to be independent.
3 On the one hand, parents should make some
1 rules. … , they should sometimes let their child
decide what is best.
2
4 … parents want the best for their children,
3 sometimes they can make mistakes too.
5 They can feel too pressured … their parents’
5a Match the expressions (1-8) to their function (a-d). good intentions.
6 Discussing a choice is important. … , talking
1 I’m awfully sorry, but … 5 What a pity!
together builds a better relationship.
2 Could I interest you in … ? 6 On no account …
3 Come on, just do it 7 Please forgive 8 What would you include in an introduction (I)
for me. me, but … and in a conclusion (C)?
4 There’s no way I can … 8 Oh dear!
1 a statement about what some people think
a persuading c expressing disappointment 2 your personal opinion
b apologising d refusing 3 a statement in favour of the topic
4 a statement against the topic
5b Decide which of the expressions you would use
in a conversation with a friend. 5 a statement summarising what you will discuss
6 a statement summarising your ideas
6 With a partner, role-play the following situation:
9 Write an essay (200 words) on this topic: Parents
You are moving house and you want student should allow their children to make their own
B to help you next weekend. decisions. Use activities 7 and 8 and the model
You need: to pack boxes, to carry heavy items, in unit 7 to help you, and include the following
a car to transport them. ideas.
Try to persuade student B to help you.
• relate your point to the age of the child
Student A wants your help next weekend, but • relate your point to the type of decision
you have a lot of other things to do. Listen • give specific examples
to what student A asks, make excuses and • give reasons for your opinion
apologise.

We all know the story of Icarus, who ignored

Hi … You know I’m moving house this his father’s advice, flew too close to the sun
weekend. Could you lend me a hand? and fell to his death. Some people say that
parents should give children the freedom to
make their own decisions, while others feel
Mmm. What do
that important decisions have to be made for
you need? Well, first of all … children, depending on their age.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 105

UNIT
10
READING COMPREHENSION I
Exam Strategies
Completing a text
Exam tips
✱ Read the text quickly to get an idea of what the
text is about.
✱ Look at the spaces and choose the phrases that
can fit grammatically into each space.
✱ Look at related vocabulary that will help you choose
the correct option.
1a Read the title and the text. What is it about?
1 dreams and ambitions
2 the value of dreaming
3 remembering childhood dreams
1b Choose the options that would fit grammatically
in these sentences.
1 They are woken up … .
a as soon as we wake
b before we settle down for the night
c just when they reach this moment
d two of the most common
2 ... can help us to overcome our anxiety.
a To dream about these feelings
b Dreaming about these feelings
c Dream monitoring technology
d Dreaming monitor technology
2 Read the text again and complete each gap (1-7)
with the correct phrase from the list supplied
(a-j). Each phrase can be used only ONCE. There
are three phrases you will not need.
a just when they reach this moment
b two of the most common
c which people frequently have
d making a note each morning of what you
remember
e the latter kind of dreams
f as soon as we wake
g dreaming about these things
h the second is a different type of dream
i which is about six years of our lives
j before we settle down for the night
106
Why do we dream?
Dreaming is a vital part of our existence. In a
night’s sleep, we can have maybe seven different
dreams and it is said that we spend between one
and two hours each night dreaming, 1which is
about six years of our lives. Everybody dreams most
nights and research has shown the REM (rapid eye
movement) stage of sleep when we are actually
dreaming is crucial to sleeping well and waking
refreshed. Experiments conducted on subjects
who are consistently woken up 2… have led to the
conclusion that being deprived of this step leads to
anxiety and feelings of stress, even if the sleeper
has slept a normal number of hours. These people
feel irritated and depressed the next day.
Dreaming does not only affect us physically, but
also has tremendous psychological implications.
Many people believe that our dreams reflect our
state of mind, often dealing with negative emotions
such as fear, sadness or anger. 3… can help us to
get rid of the detrimental effects of such feelings.
Dreams can be classified into different types. 4… are
recurring dreams and nightmares. The former is a
dream that is repeated night after night or at least
on several occasions. Those who interpret dreams
suggest that these occur because the dreamer
has a problem or conflict that is unresolved. This
situation is depicted in the dream and, while it
can be positive, it is more often unpleasant. 5…
are often so frightening that you wake up feeling
terrified. This is often interpreted to be a reaction
to real traumas or problems.
Some people think we can benefit from remembering
our dreams. If we want to interpret our dreams, we
need to write them down 6… because in five minutes
we forget most of the events, and later in the day we
can rarely recall anything. If you are interested in
self-analysis and understanding how your tensions
and worries are brought out in your dreams, try 7…
and you’ll soon begin to make associations between
(online source)
reality and what happens while you are sleeping!
TRACK 96
THAT’S ENGLISH!

READING COMPREHENSION II
True or false
Exam tips
✱ Find the part of the text that relates to each
statement. The statements will be in the same
order as the information appears in the text.
✱ Statements may be a paraphrase of ideas in the
text, not the same words.
1a Read the text. In which paragraph can you find
information about … ?
1 bargains
2 loyalty cards
3 how music affects shoppers
1b Match the definitions (1-3) to the words (a-c).
1 the organisation of products in a supermarket
2 the way people act
3 shoppers
a consumers b behaviour c layout
2 Now read the text and decide if sentences are
true (✔) or false (✗). Correct the false ones.
1 Products are organised in a certain way in a
supermarket because of the way consumers
act.
2 Music with a fast rhythm encourages shoppers
to spend more money.
3 Special offers are always less expensive than
usual.
4 Typical consumers buy things they don’t need
when they go to large supermarkets.
5 Loyalty cards are mainly used to give shoppers
special reductions.
How much are they
manipulating us?
A Supermarket chains have developed
sophisticated systems to learn about what
shoppers buy and want, but they also have ways
of making consumers buy things they never
thought they needed.
B The design and layout of supermarkets is
carefully planned using techniques such as
observing shoppers’ behaviour, experimenting
with lighting and music, placing products in
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 10
certain positions and offering extras to improve
the shopping experience. Research has shown
that slower music makes shoppers move
more slowly through the shop and buy more.
Good lighting is also important. If you can’t
see clearly what you are buying or the colour
seems distorted, then you are less likely to buy
something. Other visual effects include putting
items of a similar shade together to make an
attractive block of colour or decorating shelves
with seasonal colours, such as red, green and
gold for Christmastime.
C Another technique is to put ‘bargains’ at the
end of the aisles that they would like to attract
customers to. The shopper moves towards the
special offer and then automatically looks down
that aisle to see what else there might be. So,
for example, a certain brand of chocolate may
be on offer at the end of an aisle that leads
to other sweet delights. The sweet-toothed
consumer may put a couple more things in the
basket as well! Shoppers are often caught out
by the special offers. Sometimes, they really
are cheaper, but in that case we think that
because we’ve spent less money, we have extra
to spend on something else that maybe we had
no intention of buying in the first place. Your
average shopper in a big supermarket leaves
with 75% of purchases that were not on their
original list. You have to be very strong-willed to
buy only the three things you went for.
D One of the main ways these huge companies
collect data about their customers is by using
loyalty cards. Few of us have never subscribed
to a card that gives points and later discounts
on shopping. Using these cards means that the
supermarket knows exactly what we buy and
when. This informs their purchasing policies
but also the special offers they might give and
(online source)
even personalised reductions on certain goods.
TRACK 97
107
Exam Strategies

4 According to Jenny, what activity can affect

LISTENING COMPREHENSION I the brain in a positive way?
Answering questions 5 Who can also benefit from playing games
apart from children?
Exam tip
✱ Read all the questions and think about what you
LISTENING COMPREHENSION II
might hear as an answer. Correcting the wrong information
Exam tip
1a Look at the beginning of the questions (1-5) and ✱ Underline the key words in the sentences and listen
match them to the possible answers (a-e). carefully to hear which one(s) you should change.
1 How does he feel about … ?
2 What incident … ? 1 Underline the key words in this sentence. How
3 What does it depend on … ? could you replace them with the words from
4 What activity … ? the box?
5 Who can also benefit … ? The expedition went well until the second day.
a a storm, an accident, an argument
week party morning first last badly
b horse-riding, cooking, sailing
hour fifth terribly course meeting quickly
c excited, sad, pleased
d parents, adults, teenagers
e his mood, his income, his timetable 1bExam tip
✱
101 Make sure you write the exact words you hear.
Exam tip
✱ Much of the information you hear won’t be relevant 2 Listen and circle the word you hear in each case.
to answer the question. Listen for clues that will
help you locate the answer. 100 1 a distress b distressed
2 a surprising b surprised
3 a can b can’t
1b Listen to extracts 1-5. Which one … ? 4 a tasks b task
5 a easier b easiest
98 a expresses an opinion
6 a talk b talked
b describes a link between two things
c gives an additional example of something 3 Listen to four people talking about an emotional
d describes a leisure activity moment in their lives. Correct the wrong
101 information using the exact words you hear.
e refers to an incident in the past
Speaker 1
1c Listen again and complete the phrases you heard
1 The expedition went well until the second
that gave you the clue to find the answer.
98 third day.
1 an opinion: What … . 2 The moment the weather got better he felt excited.
2 a link: There’s an … . Speaker 2
3 an additional example: In the … . 3 At first, he thought he would be setting up the
4 a leisure activity: They … . balloons.
5 a past incident: At … . 4 He found flying in a hot-air balloon a scary
experience.
2 Listen to three students talking about the human Speaker 3
brain and answer the questions. 5 She felt especially upset when her dog died
99 because he was with her son.
1 How does Simon feel about the information 6 She doesn’t want the expense of having
he has discovered? another animal in the house.
2 What incident helped Dave remember what he Speaker 4
had for lunch one day last year?
7 In the afternoon, she had a written exam.
3 What does children’s brain development
depend on according to Dave’s findings? 8 After receiving the news about the job she had
applied for, she was delighted.
108 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 10
WRITING I WRITING II
Writing a proposal Writing a discursive essay
1 Read the task and answer the questions. Exam tips
The local authorities have decided to offer grants ✱ Use expressions to help the reader follow where
to set up small businesses that will benefit the your text is going.
community. ✱ Use linkers to connect your ideas, explain contrasts
Send your proposal in to the planning office by and give examples.
30 June.

1 Who are you writing the proposal for?
2 What is the aim of the proposal?
3 What information do you need to give the reader?
Exam tip
✱ A proposal needs to give clear information. Arrange
information in different paragraphs. You can use
headings.
2 Which of these headings could you use in your
proposal? Choose the best three.
1 description of the business
2 marketing strategies
3 benefits for the community
4 conclusion
5 the past situation
6 accounting procedures
7 introduction
Exam tip
✱ Use modifiers with comparatives to emphasise your
ideas.
3 Complete the sentences with phrases from the
box.
far greater much better
even fewer considerably more
1 If there is a play centre in the village, then
small children will have … opportunities to be
in contact with other children.
2 Since the supermarket was built in the park area,
parents have … places to go with their children.
3 We will be able to provide a … service.
4 There is a … need for childcare facilities than
before.
4 Now write your proposal (150-180 words).
1a Match the expressions (1-9) to their function (a-f).
1 I would say
2 I will start by
3 In my opinion
4 Some people think
5 Undoubtedly
6 For instance
7 In conclusion
8 It is believed to be
9 One common argument in favour / against
a to begin a discussion
b to end a discussion
c to give your own opinion
d to give others’ opinions
e to introduce an example
f to emphasise a point
1b Complete the sentences with words from the box.
apart from despite due to however while
1 Teachers can offer much more personalised
attention. … , in a big class this is not always
possible.
2 … the fact that you can study when and where
you want, you have to be self-disciplined to
work on your own.
3 The course I followed was online, … face-to-
face tutorials once a week.
4 The number of students taking this kind of course
has increased … changes in the job market.
5 Online learning is suitable for academic study
… face-to-face classes are essential for more
practical subjects.
2 Write an essay (150-180 words) about the
following topic.
Some people say that it is almost impossible to
learn without going to classes. Others think that
online learning is equally effective, if not better.
Discuss both these views and give your opinion
and examples from your own experience.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 109

Exam Strategies
SPEAKING I: Interaction
Role-play: persuading
Exam tip
✱ Use expressions for persuading or convincing your
partner.
2 Look at this exam task. Choose either student
1a Are these expressions used for persuading or
refusing?
1 No way!
2 Wouldn’t you like to (go)?
3 It’s really (inexpensive).
4 I wouldn’t do that.
5 It’s super-(interesting).
6 It can’t be that good.
7 Come on!
8 Come off it!
Listen and practise the intonation of the
102
expressions.
1b Work with a partner. Use one of the expressions
from activity 1a to refuse in these situations.
1 Wouldn’t you like to try bungee-jumping?
2 You should buy that watch, it’s really cheap!
3 Let’s stay in and play Monopoly this evening.
4 That course on making paper aeroplanes
looks super-interesting.
1c What could you say to convince someone to act
in these situations? Match the situations (1-5)
to the ways of persuading (a-e).
1 You want to sell them your car.
2 You want them to accompany you to the
doctor’s.
3 You want them to tell you a secret.
4 You want them to help you with some extra
work.
5 You want to borrow something valuable from
them.
110
a Come on! I promise I won’t tell anyone else!
b Don’t worry. I’ll take good care of it and get it
back to you tomorrow.
c Please, just give me a hand this one time. I’ll
do the same for you whenever you want.
d It won’t take too long, and I’d really appreciate
it if you could come with me.
e Go for it! You won’t regret it, I’m sure.
A or student B and think of how you could
convince them. Talk for 5-6 minutes.
Student A
Student B is your landlord/landlady and
wants to raise your monthly rent. Talk to them
to convince them that they shouldn’t.
Use some of these ideas to help you:
• your salary has been cut
• there are cheaper flats in the same building
• you always pay on time
• you look after the flat well
Student B
You are renting your flat to student A and you
want to raise the monthly rent. Talk to them to
convince them it is necessary.
Use some of these ideas to help you:
• the rent hasn’t increased in 2 years
• the increase in local taxes
• expenses you have had to maintain the
property
• the number of other people interested in
renting the flat
Good morning, I have to talk to you about the
rent for the flat. You know I haven’t asked for
an increase in the past two years. Well, now
I have to.
That’s really unfair! You know my salary has
been cut from last year.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 10
SPEAKING II: Monologue Exam tip
Describing and evaluating an ✱ Use linkers to show cause and effect.
event in the past
Exam tip 3 Complete the sentences with a linker from the
box.
✱ Use appropriate tenses to describe events in the
past. so that as because of
thanks to that’s why

1 Complete the text with the verbs in brackets in
the correct tense.
1 My life is going well now. … I’m happy I made
that decision.
2 I went abroad … I could learn another language.
3 … I’m not very adventurous, it was a difficult
decision.
4 I managed to find a job, … my tutor’s advice.
5 I didn’t get the position … my lack of experience.

4 Talk about an important choice you made in the

past. Talk for 2-3 minutes. Remember to:
• describe what you chose to do.
• explain why you made the choice.
• say what could have happened if you hadn’t
made that choice.
When I was in my early twenties, I 1… (make) an
important decision. I 2… (just / finish) my degree • explain if the result was positive or negative.
and needed to decide whether to stay in my
hometown and work for the family business
or go abroad to continue studying. It 3… (be)
tempting to take the easier option, which was a
safe job and the comfort of my own home, but I
also wanted some adventure in my life. Before
I 4… (decide) I spent a long time researching
possibilities. I 5… (not / have) much money, so
I couldn’t afford an expensive private course.
Eventually I found that the European Union
6
… (offer) grants for biochemistry masters in
Germany, so I 7… (apply) and got an offer. A
month later, I was in Frankfurt!

Exam tip
✱ Use appropriate tenses to speculate.

2 Choose the correct option.

1 If I had / hadn’t gone to Frankfurt, I’d never
learn / have learnt German.
2 If my husband Kurt had chosen / chose a
different course, I didn’t meet / wouldn’t have
met him.
3 If I weren’t / I am not married to Kurt. I wouldn’t
A few years ago, I had to make an important
be / won’t be living in Germany now.
decision. I had to decide if I wanted to study
4 If I had stayed / would stay in my home town, for a year in Dublin or stay in my home town
I’d probably be / have been married to my old to get a job and help out my mum …
boyfriend, Carlos.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 111

SELF TEST
1 Match (1-6) to (a-f).
1 The food at that restaurant
2 I just don’t understand science, and
3 When she decided to leave him,
4 I was totally repulsed
5 When the driver crashed the bus,
6 He was convinced he was the best, so he was
very distressed
a I find it really confusing.
b by the horror of the situation.
c when I won first prize.
d is disgusting.
e we were utterly astounded.
f it was absolutely terrifying.
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the words in brackets.
1 It’s really … when you don’t listen. (frustration)
2 He’ll be absolutely … by that. (rage)
3 We’ve all experienced … situations. (disappoint)
4 I found her words of support deeply … .
(reassure)
5 The students were … to hear they didn’t have
a test. (relief)
6 She’s got a new job with a better salary and
she’s … about it. (delight)
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the expressions from the box.
pour one’s heart out hit someone hard
give someone the creeps be beside oneself
fall to pieces hurt someone’s feelings
be moved to tears
1 She … by his emotional leaving speech.
2 Every time we meet, she … her … to me about
her problems.
3 She … after her boyfriend’s death. She couldn’t
cope at all.
4 It … him … when he wasn’t chosen to play –
he was so disappointed.
5 He’s obsessed with her and follows her
everywhere. It … me … .
6 It really … my … when you criticise me in front
of other people.
7 She hasn’t heard from him for nearly a week,
and she … with worry.
4 Match (1-6) to (a-f).
1 We were overcome with emotion
2 When I heard the wolves,
3 We gasped when we saw his work
112
UNIT 1
4 He burst into tears when they wouldn’t give
him a visa since
5 When the police found the boy,
6 At first, he found her excuses funny and would
just chuckle,
a he’d been dreaming about visiting the country
all his life.
b but now they irritate him.
c his mother was utterly relieved.
d – it was so brilliant!
e when we won the lottery.
f my blood turned to ice.
5 Replace the adjectives in italics with suitable
non-gradable adjectives and modifiers.
Dear Sir/Madam
I am writing to complain about our 1very bad
holiday with your company.
First, the accommodation: we were 2rather
angry about the hotel, which was 3very ugly.
The rooms were 4very small and we were 5quite
shocked by the filthy bathrooms. Also, it was so
noisy we couldn’t sleep so we were 6very tired.
The only positive aspect was the 7rather pretty
view. Our holiday was ruined and my children
are 8very upset. I expect compensation.
Yours faithfully
6 Rewrite the sentences with phrases using the
words in brackets and expressions with it.
1 What’s the distance to Paris from here? (far)
How …
2 We understand you don’t want to come with
us. (take)
We take …
3 Could you turn the lights off when you leave?
(appreciate / if)
We would …
4 You upset me when you criticise me in front of
other people. (find / upsetting)
I find …
5 We think there might be a problem. (seems)
It …
7 Listen and complete the summaries with the
appropriate connector.
7
1… the man was ecstatic about his new home,
but 2… , his joy disappeared as he discovered its
problems. 3… , he had enough money for extra
repairs and solved the problems 4… .
5… the woman sat there, she daydreamed and
6… she had thoughts about her former job. 7… ,
she felt good about it.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
SELF TEST
1 Complete the sentences with a word from A
and a word from B.
A
physically culture self- stigma
status work
B and the verbs from the box. Always use would
symbol demonstrative shock ethic
deprecating attached
1 He’s really good-looking, but not at all arrogant;
in fact, he’s rather shy and … .
2 Her uncompromising … means she’s always
in the office by seven.
3 Their yacht is just a … – they never go sailing
in it.
4 I’m not very … myself so kissing and hugging
makes me feel uncomfortable.
5 Living in an undeveloped country was a bit of
a … at first.
6 Everyone pretends to be relaxed because
there’s a … to trying too hard.
2 Complete the account of life in Antarctica. Use
the present continuous or will + infinitive of the
verbs in brackets.
I find it really difficult to get up in the morning
because it’s so dark. When the alarm clock
rings, I 1… (turn it off) and 2… (go) straight
back to sleep again. Even in summer, the
sun 3… (not rise) until really late in the
morning and in winter it’s completely dark
all day. Our diet isn’t very varied and we 4…
always … (try) to find ways of making the
food more interesting. We have to eat a lot
because of the cold and we have this horrible
porridge for breakfast. I 5… constantly …
(experiment) with different ways to cook it,
but unfortunately it never tastes very nice!
3 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to
the endings (a-f).
1 I don’t think she’s adapting well
2 They are finding it difficult to cope
3 He’s always talking
4 She has a terrible habit of putting
5 I didn’t want to bring this
6 I’m making an effort to fit
a up his ‘great relationship’ with Rachel, but
actually he hardly knows her.
b up in front of the others, but how much
experience do you really have?
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 2
c to life over here – she’s very homesick.
d herself down, but actually she’s extremely
good.
e with the heat.
f in, but I’m not used to this lifestyle.
4 Complete the sentences with would or used to
if possible.
never talk not have save live like give
1 They … in a really small house on the docks.
2 They … very much money.
3 Every day she … the children fresh bread and
honey for breakfast.
4 I … the apple they gave me at lunchtime and
eat it in the evening.
5 I … walking by the river.
6 He … to his wife about his problems.
5 Choose the correct options.
1 They keep / kept / keeping on hoping they’ll
win but they never do.
2 Don’t criticise her or she’s going / ’ll go / went
on and on about it.
3 They keep telling him to stop but he just
carries / carried / would carry on.
4 When I heard what he’d done, I laughed /
laugh / ’d laugh and laughed.
5 Despite the evidence, his parents are going /
never go / will go on believing he is innocent.
6 I just can’t get used / be used to his new look.
I was used / get used to his beard, and it’s
strange to see him without one!
6 Put the sentences in order to make a
conversation.
1 How stupid! He’s got no bloody common
sense. What does she see in him?
2 That’s Jake on that motorbike with Marta, isn’t
it? What on earth does he think he’s doing?
3 I think there’s only one helmet and he gave it
to Marta.
4 Like hell they are! He couldn’t plan a trip to the
supermarket.
5 He’s taking Marta on a tour of the city.
6 Well, why isn’t he wearing a helmet, the idiot!
There’s lots of traffic in the city.
7 Marta really likes him. They’re planning a trip
to America together.
8 Well, I think Jake only wants to look like a
million bucks and that’s why he gave it to her.
113
SELF TEST
1 Listen to the conversation about a university.
Which of the items (1-5) are intentions and
24
which are definite arrangements?
1 opening a new science laboratory
2 building new accommodation blocks
3 setting up a team to visit schools
4 running a science competition
5 having science open days
2 Complete the dialogue with a suitable future
form of the verb in brackets.
A: Hi, how’s it going? Listen, I’ve just heard that
Jon Cleal 1... (play) here next Saturday night!
I 2... (get) some tickets. I’m in the queue now.
Do you fancy coming?
B: That sounds great, but I 3... (have) dinner with
my family at 6:00 p.m.
A: Well, the concert 4... (start) at 8:00 and there’s
the support band first.
B: OK, I 5… (tell) them it’s a really special
opportunity. I’m sure they 6... (not mind). I can
leave at 7:30 because we 7... (finish) eating by
then.
A: Right. So next Saturday, I 8... (wait) outside
the arena for you from 7:45.
B: Great, I 9... (look forward) to it!
3 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of a word from the box. Some words can be
used more than once.
memory souvenir recall retrieve
remind recollection remember
1 Please, ... me to put the rubbish bin out
tomorrow.
2 I got this painting as a ... of my visit to Bali.
3 I’m hopeless at … everyday things, like where
I put my car keys!
4 Every year, we honour the … of the brave men
who died in the First World War.
5 He was surprised to find his old school was so
small as his ... was of a huge building.
6 The computer technician tried ... the files after
we had a computer virus, but he couldn’t.
7 I distinctly … mentioning this before to you.
8 My granddad delighted us by … life when he
was a boy. I can’t … everything he said, but it
was very interesting.
4 Choose the correct word to complete the
sentences.
1 Bill Gates was a computer brainchild / whizzkid
when he was a teenager.
114
UNIT 3
2 At the conference, we were asked to
brainpower / brainstorm new product ideas.
3 We’d all like to get paid more and work less –
it’s a no-brainer / brainstorm.
4 The telephone was the whizzkid / brainchild of
Alexander Graham Bell.
5 Tommy Flowers was the brainpower / brains
behind the construction of the first computer.
6 Doing crosswords is meant to improve your
brainstorm / brainpower.
7 Using a smartphone nowadays is not rocket
science / a no-brainer – even small children
can do it.
5 Rewrite the sentences with a focus adverb
(only, just, even) to make them more emphatic.
1 Teresa’s a terrible cook – she can’t boil an egg!
2 I’ve had some wonderful news – I’ve got the
job!
3 She wants to explain what went wrong – it
won’t take long.
4 These builders are so messy – they haven’t
taken their rubbish away.
5 They eat in very expensive restaurants so no
fast food for them!
6 Can you stop for a moment and listen to me?
7 Please – I want to borrow it for a couple of
minutes.
6 Put the sentences in the correct order to make
a paragraph.
1 Other people may be gifted at caring for plants
and animals or good at making things.
2 Everyone has something to contribute to
life and I think we shouldn’t rate some skills
higher than others.
3 Someone who can get on with their colleagues
and be supportive is more useful than a genius
who has no people skills.
4 In recent years, people have started to value
different types of intelligence as much as
academic ability.
5 For example, emotional intelligence is seen as
very useful in the workplace.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
SELF TEST
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets.
1 We aim ... (increase) sales by 50% this year.
2 I can’t imagine ... (leave) my country to live
elsewhere.
3 The government intends ... (introduce) a tax
on second homes.
4 Gary never misses ... (attend) his team’s
matches.
5 My favourite teacher always encouraged me
... (aim) high.
6 We’re considering ... (buy) a new car.
7 My sister fancies ... (have) a tattoo.
8 I offered ... (cook) a meal, but they decided ...
(order) a takeaway.
2 Complete the text with the correct form of the
verbs from the box.
smell experience put wait visit drive
take (x2) communicate
I’ll never forget 1… Africa for the first time.
As we left the plane, I remember 2… the
scent of the red earth and wood smoke. I
loved 3… a totally new culture as we stopped
4… pictures. I tried 5… with the local people,
but they didn’t always understand. I nearly
forgot 6… my camera with me after one visit,
but luckily, the family ran after us and we
stopped 7… off in time. After that, I always
remembered 8… the strap around my neck.
That trip was 15 years ago, and I regret 9…
so long but I’m going back next year.
3 Complete the dialogue with suitable words.
1 A: Excuse me, 1... you ... passing the salt?
B: 2... at all. There you 3... .
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 4
A: Thank you. Could you 4… pour me some
water?
B: Yes, of 5... .
2 A: Give 6... a ... with these bags, 7... you?
B: No 8... .
3 A: 9... you 10... put your clothes away?
B: 11... right.
4 Replace the words in bold with an object
pronoun or a possessive adjective + -ing.
1 Please forgive me and my husband for any
noise we made last night.
2 The neighbours objected to the fact that Mr
Sommers burnt his rubbish.
3 We excused the fact that our friends left early
because they were exhausted.
4 Do you mind if I make a call?
5 He overlooked the fact that his girlfriend forgot
to buy the flowers.
6 I don’t have a problem if you and your friends
use the car.
5 Listen to the conversation. Are the statements
true (✔) or false (✗)? Correct the false ones.
34
1 Steve doesn’t want to help Rachel raise money
for Africa.
2 Steve prefers to help people locally.
3 Rachel is worried about how local people
might react to help.
4 Steve doesn’t think people need to be careful
when offering help.
5 There are a lot of people living in poor
circumstances in Steve’s city.
6 Social security workers could get money to
needy people faster.
7 Steve advises Rachel to be passive.
6 Complete the dialogue with suitable words or
phrases.
A: Do you have any 1... ?
B: As 2... as I’m 3... , it’s not a priority.
C: I couldn’t 4... more. I think it’s a very worthwhile
project.
B: Sorry, I think you’ve 5... me. I meant it’s not a
priority in this area.
C: 6... enough, but we still need to consider it.
A: 7... I 8... say something here? Let’s keep it on
the list for next year.
9
B: ... plan.
C: That sounds 10... to me.
115
SELF TEST UNIT 5
1 Match the numbers to the facts and write them 3 I have three … because my husband has a
in words. female twin and two elder sisters.
1,399,491,185 0.666 3¾ 4 He gave us slightly different … of the problem
on different occasions.
7,000,000,000 365 3.14159
5 The genetic material of the cells is contained in
1 The population of the world is approximately their … .
…. 6 These are strange … which scientists find
2 Pi (the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its difficult to explain.
diameter) is … .
5 Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of
34-¼=… the phrases from the box.
4 Two-thirds expressed in decimal fractions is
…. halve 70% fall by a quarter double
5 The population of China is … . increase by 33% three times more
6 The number of days in a year is … . quadruple

2 Complete the text with the words from the box.
none all both either neither (x2)
I met my two best friends, Luis and Paula, at
university. 1… three of us studied economics.
2
… Paula and I wanted to work in finance, but
3
… of us intended to be accountants. Luis
wanted 4… to work for a charity or the UN,
but he did 5… of these things and became a
banker whilst I’m working for the UN. 6… of us
are doing what we planned but we’re happy!
Listen and complete the dialogue.
3
49 Jean: Li, help me fill in this form to enrol you
at the language school. They want your
height and weight.
Li: OK, I’m 1… and I weigh 2… kilos.
Jean: What’s that in feet, inches and pounds?
Li: OK, one metre is 3… . There are 4… inches
in a foot so, I’m 5… tall, and there are 6…
pounds … ounces to the kilo so I weigh
7
… pounds!
Jean: Great. The school wants you to pay in
advance: that’s 8… dollars. Is that OK?
Li: The exchange rate is one dollar to 9…
yuan, so that’s 10… yuan. Yes, I’ve got
that.
4 Complete the sentences with the plural of a
word from the box.
crisis analysis medium sister-in-law
phenomenon nucleus
1 Her life is just a long series of … – there’s one
emergency after another.
2 I read the news on various different … – my
phone, my tablet or even a newspaper.
1 The college has twice as many overseas
students as it did last year.
The number of …
2 The price of building materials is predicted to
rise by a third.
People say the price …
3 Sales are 25% down on last year.
Our sales figures have …
4 It’s worth 50% less than when we bought it.
Its value …
5 Seven customers out of ten said they liked it.
It was approved by …
6 Our success rate has increased 300%.
We are … successful.
7 It now goes four times as fast.
Its speed …
6 Rewrite the sentences in different ways using
the structures in brackets.
1 I really think you should look for a way to solve
this problem. (recommend + -ing / recommend
+ new subject + subjunctive)
2 ‘We must ask for government funding,’ says
the chair. (propose + -ing / propose + that +
new subject + verb)
3 My parents have encouraged my sister to
apply for the job. (suggest + that + new subject
+ verb / suggest + new subject + subjunctive)
4 The government wanted to lower the age for
voting. (propose + -ing / propose + new subject
+ subjunctive)
5 ‘We should celebrate your birthday with a
huge party,’ said my boyfriend. (suggest + -ing /
suggest + that + new subject + verb)
6 My uncle says we have to listen to this new
band. (recommend + -ing / recommend + that
+ new subject + verb)

116 THAT’S ENGLISH!

SELF TEST
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the words and phrases from the box.
advertising campaign build a rapport
find common ground collective subconscious
inherently sales pitch slogan unwary
1 He … with the cleaners by taking some time to
laugh and joke with them every day.
2 The two sides are trying to … which could
form the basis of a future agreement.
3 These beliefs are buried deep in our … and we
are unaware of them.
4 Chemists are worried that the … used
by supermarkets to sell painkillers could
encourage the public to overuse them.
5 His application wasn’t … better than yours,
but it was better presented.
6 The thieves pretend to be bank representatives
and persuade … customers to give them their
account passwords.
7 Their first … was for the Egg Marketing Board
and had the … ‘Go to work on an egg’.
2 Complete the dialogues with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets. Include the object
pronouns if necessary.
A: Dad was absolutely against the idea to start
with but mum managed to 1… it.
B: Good old mum, she can 2… almost anything!
(bring someone round to something / talk
someone into doing something)
A: I hope all these visa problems haven’t 3…
and you’re still coming to visit us.
B: Don’t worry. I 4… completely 5… by the
beautiful pictures you sent me. A few minor
technical problems won’t stop me now.
(put someone off / win someone over)
A: I’ve decided to do it, Andrew, and that’s final.
Don’t try to 6… it.
B: Your girlfriend seems to be able to 7…
anything she wants, but I’m concerned that
this isn’t in your best interests.
(talk someone out of doing something /
seduce someone into doing something)
3 Complete the sentences with the adjectives
from the box.
affordable opulent state-of-the art
exquisite eye-catching up-to-the-minute
1 The government of Dubai have just opened
a new … airport terminal which is equipped
with all the latest technology.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 6
2 I’ve never seen such beautiful carvings – they
are simply … .
3 You’ll see her immediately. She’s wearing an
extremely … outfit!
4 We can bring you … world news and
information 24 hours a day.
5 They entertained us in their … hotel suite with
its own swimming pool and butler service.
6 It’s not as expensive as I thought; in fact, it’s
extremely … .
4 Listen and complete the sales presentation.
61 If you want to 1… heads on the beach
this summer, consider this 2… one-piece
swimsuit. Made of a new 3… light but 4…
strong cotton mix fabric, this suit dries
quickly and will never lose its shape. It is
available in a range of elegant colours – 5…
yellow, emerald green or 6… blue – and most
sizes. And if you buy two, we’ll give you a
7
… silk-mix beach sarong completely 8… !
So what are you waiting for? Buy now while
stocks last!
5 Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of
the words in brackets.
1 You don’t have to endure the discomfort of
a cramped seat, you can sit back and relax.
(instead of)
2 I really don’t think it’s a good idea to visit that
area of the city at night. (would advise against)
3 The sales assistant was absolutely certain that
it was the cheapest model available. (be able
to guarantee)
4 The travel agent told us we’d definitely be
delighted with the holiday we’d booked. (be
able to assure)
5 It’s a long way to walk. Why don’t you take a
taxi instead? (might I suggest)
6 Don’t ask him. He’s only just started working
here. (wouldn’t bother)
6 Loli is trying to persuade Marcus to get fit. Use
the words in brackets to complete the dialogue.
L: I think you should take up running Marcus –
you could lose weight really quickly.
M: … (million years / I / take up runnning /
1
much too tiring)
L: Well, how about coming to yoga with me?
M: 2… (dead body / hate / group activities)
L: I know! I’ll get you a personal trainer.
M: 3… (no account / I / get / very expensive)
L: Shall I just buy you a bike, then?
M: 4… (not even think / never use)
117
SELF TEST
1 Complete the dialogue with the correct form of
the verb in brackets.
A: Let’s eat out tonight.
B: OK. How about an Indian meal?
A: To be honest, I’d prefer 1... (have) Chinese.
B: Fine. Shall we go to the local restaurant?
A: I’d rather 2... (try) somewhere else – maybe in
town.
B: Well, I’d prefer 3... (walk) rather than 4...
(drive).
A: I’d rather 5... (not walk) – I feel tired.
B: Let’s just order a takeaway pizza after all.
2 Rewrite the sentence for each situation using
the word in brackets.
1 I didn’t want you to use my phone. (rather)
2 She wanted him to help earlier. (prefer)
3 We wanted you to clean the room thoroughly.
(rather)
4 His parents didn’t want him to give up
university. (prefer)
5 They wanted the thief to go to prison. (rather)
3 Complete the text with the correct form of the
verb in brackets.
What would life 1... (be) like now if money 2...
(not invent)? If gold 3... (not exist) in sufficient
amounts, people 4... (not decide) to use it as
a way of exchanging things. If people 5...
(not use) gold , they might 6... (choose) some
other precious metal or stones like rubies.
However, many complex societies – like the
Incas – didn’t use money or coins but had
a system of keeping accounts of what was
used. Other societies used shells as money –
if we 7... (use) shells as money, it 8... (not be)
very convenient! Some people would like to
replace money with a talent exchange where
people exchange goods or services. If we 9...
(adopt) the talent exchange, we 10... (need)
very good computer systems to keep track
of everything!
4 Complete the text with one word in each gap.
Some people find making important
decisions very stressful. In fact, it sometimes
seems that having 1... choice is a lot easier
than having your 2... of something. Rather
than making a 3... decision that you might
regret, it’s best to relax and 4... up all the 5... .
118
UNIT 7
Making a list of the pros and cons often helps
people to make the 6... choice. If you are still
in two 7... about your decision, then sleep
on it and ask advice from a good friend. Of
course, if both alternatives are unfavourable
and you are 8... between a 9… and a hard
place, you’ll just have to pick one idea and
hope for the best!
5 Listen to the conversation. Are the statements
true (✔) or false (✗)? Correct the false ones.
70
1 Both Simon and Maddy are enthusiastic about
the job in Rome.
2 Maddy will be able to choose whatever flat
she wants.
3 Maddy is nervous about deciding too fast.
4 Simon doesn’t feel obliged to stay in his job.
5 Simon could pay back his course fees.
6 Maddy is sympathetic to Simon’s situation.
7 Simon suggests looking at the advantages
and disadvantages of Maddy’s job offer.
6 Complete the article with the correct connector.
There is more than one possibility in each case.
Many people consider that playing computer
games is a waste of time.
... some people spend an excessive amount
1
of time playing games, it is not true that there
are no benefits. Research shows that players
develop strong problem-solving skills.
2
... , regular players develop better hand to
eye coordination than non-players.
3
... gamers often perform well at tennis, golf
and other sports.
4
... , there has been a noticeable drop in
the rate of crime committed by teenagers.
Experts believe this is partly due to teenagers
playing games and using social media rather
than hanging around and causing trouble.
5
... , it is undoubtedly true that gaming can
be addictive and affect a user’s studies and
grades at school.
6
... , there have been some shocking cases
where teenagers have died after three days
spent playing computer games non-stop.
7
... , while computer games have brought
entertainment to millions and can contribute
to a person’s skill set, I believe parents need
to control how much they are played as there
may be negative consequences otherwise.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
SELF TEST
1 Complete the phrases (1-6) with so or such
(- / a / an) and match them to the endings (a-f).
1 ... dangerous was the situation that
2 ... heroism deserves
3 ... an unsung heroine
4 ... lovely did she look that
5 ... was his devotion that
6 ... devastated did she feel that
a he couldn’t take his eyes off her.
b to be recognised.
c the police had to withdraw.
d he never left her bedside.
e she never recovered.
f was the inventor of the dishwasher.
2 Choose the correct option.
1 Marie Curie had her feet of clay / moment of
glory when she received the Nobel Prize.
2 We congratulated the winners and put on a
brave face / sank into oblivion when we lost.
3 You can’t criticise my mother because my father
has put on a brave face / put her on a pedestal.
4 All the reviewers put her on a pedestal / sang
her praises when her book won the competition.
5 Laszlo Biro’s claim to fame / hall of fame is
being the inventor of the first leak proof pen.
6 Macaulay Culkin was a child star of the 90s but
has since sunk into oblivion / sung his praises.
7 It’s disappointing when someone you admire
shows they have a claim to fame / feet of clay.
8 Many women scientists have only recently
entered the hall of fame / their moment of glory.
3 Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
1 Many believe Joseph Bazalgette saved
thousands by building London’s sewer system.
2 Experts consider that Mary Seacole was a
major influence on improving nursing.
3 People say the Red Cross operates in 73
countries worldwide.
4 Doctors estimate 100 billion children have
been given vaccinations by the Red Cross.
5 Analysts understand over 100 health workers
have died in the Ebola crisis.
4 Complete the dialogue with the correct words
from the box. There are two extra words.
incredible pity dear devastated on
staggered with about (x2) overjoyed
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 8
Kate: I hear Dylan got into Oxford University.
That’s so 1... !
Jane: Yes, we’re all 2... at the news! And Polly?
Kate: She didn’t get a place, she’s so upset 3… it.
Jane: Oh 4... ! She must be 5... .
Kate: Yes, we’re all disappointed 6… it. I tried
asking the school to help.
Jane: And did they?
Kate: No. They just weren’t interested. I was 7... .
I’m very disappointed 8... them.
5 Listen to a conversation about a film. Are the
sentences true (✔) or false (✗)? Correct the false
83 ones.
1 The woman thinks the main character of the
film was a freedom fighter.
2 The man thought the main character was
justified in his actions.
3 The man thinks the main character was far
from perfect but basically a good person.
4 The woman thinks the facts about folk heroes
are often unclear.
5 The woman thinks that Bonnie and Clyde
deserved admiration and attention.
6 The proposed book title is Fallen Icons.
6 Rewrite the sentences to begin with what.
1 I find it most disappointing that the whole
team are under suspicion.
2 It was devastating when the singer lost her
beautiful voice.
3 We discovered that to win you have to work in
a team.
4 It was thrilling that we won first prize.
5 She believed that she could do it on her own.
7 Complete the dialogues with a suitable word.
Tom: Have you heard Rory won the marathon!
Mia: 1
... ! Didn’t he break his back a while ago?
Tom: Yes. He was told he’d never walk again!
Mia: That’s so 2... .
Tom: I 3... to say that is 4... . It’s 5... most 6...
achievement.
Ben: Seb Core’s been disqualified for cheating.
Nat: What a 7... !
Ben: You 8... it!
Nat: You can’t believe in anyone nowadays.
Ben: Too 9... !
119
SELF TEST
1 Complete the dialogue with the words from the
box.
voyage travelling travel journey trip
Keira: How was your 1… to Spain?
Monica: Tiring! It was a long 2… . The ferry to
Santander took 12 hours.
Keira: Why didn’t you fly?
Monica: Well, Dan hates plane 3… ! So he said a
sea 4… would be a nice change.
Keira: And was it?
Monica: No, because I get seasick! Next time,
we are 5… by car!
2 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to
the endings (a-f).
1 The flight was to
2 The pilot is on the point of
3 The city is about to
4 The behaviour of the other passengers was so
bad that I was on the point of
5 Major roadworks are to
6 The cabin crew are about to
a making an in-flight announcement.
b start on the southbound carriageway.
c calling the flight attendant to complain.
d become a major tourist destination.
e arrive at 12:30 the next day.
f prepare for landing.
3 Complete the account of a flight with the words
from the box.
cabin crew on-board catering jet lag
destination turbulence stopovers
landing long-haul evacuate
I booked a 1… flight from Heathrow to
Wellington NZ last year. We had two 2… in
Dubai and Hong Kong and it took nearly 24
hours to reach our final 3… .The flight was bad.
There was a lot of 4 … : at one point I was very
scared. I thought the pilot was going to make
an emergency 5… and 6… the plane. But the
7
… were fantastic: they reassured everyone.
And I must say the food from the 8… service
was great! I had terrible 9… when I was there
though, and only recovered in time to fly back!
4 Write sentences using the expressions in brackets.
1 this morning / congestion on the M4 / accident
involving two lorries (due to)
2 a mistake on the part of the airline / had to
travel first class (owing to)
120
UNIT 9
3 flight delayed five hours / terrible weather (on
account of)
4 circumstances / I think / owe you / apology (in
view of)
5 terrible flying conditions / make emergency
landing / Hong Kong (because of)
5 Complete the dialogue with the words from the
box.
carriage compartments platform seat
berths fare sleeper
A: I’d like an overnight 1… from Leeds to London.
What’s the cheapest 2… ?
B: A second-class ticket would be £105.
A: And that’s for a sleeping 3… , not a 4… ?
B: That’s right.
A: So for three of us that’s more than £300. Can
we all travel in the same 5… ?
B: The sleeping 6… are for four people.
A: And what time does the train leave?
B: At midnight from 7… 14.
6 Complete the text with the correct form of the
verbs from the box.
get away stop over pick up drop off
put up take off
The day I left for Australia, my whole family
1
… me … at the airport. 24 hours is a long
time to travel but we 2… in Dubai first. My
Aussie cousins had offered not only 3… me
… from the airport but also 4… me … in their
home. I put on my seatbelt ready for the
plane 5… . I was so excited and just couldn’t
wait 6… on my great adventure.
7 Match the expressions (1-5) to the situations
(a-e). Do they express gratitude or apology?
1 I’m terribly sorry he was so naughty.
2 Thank you so much. You really shouldn’t have!
I will remember you all.
3 How extremely kind! It looks absolutely
delicious. Thank you very much indeed.
4 Please forgive me for not remembering. Can I
take you out to lunch instead?
5 I take entire responsibility and apologise most
sincerely for the inconvenience.
a You forgot a close friend’s birthday.
b Your colleagues gave you a present.
c Your small child has behaved badly.
d Your colleague has made you a cake.
e You made a serious mistake at work.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Grammar Reference Unit 1

1 REVISION OF -ING VS -ED ADJECTIVES

-ing adjectives
• They describe how something or someone
makes others feel.
This poison has paralysing effects.
This novel is long but interesting.
Ms Adams is a very encouraging teacher.
The huge dog was a frightening sight.
-ed adjectives
• They describe how people feel.
I was paralysed with fear.
We are really interested in your new product.
Students are encouraged to study on their own.
I’m frightened of dogs.

2 REVISION OF MODIFYING ADVERBS

Modifying adverbs with gradable and non-gradable adjectives
• with gradable adjectives
hot, cold, angry...
• with non-gradable
adjectives*
boiling, freezing, furious,
enraged, hilarious,
repulsive, heartbroken...
• with both types
extremely The teacher was extremely helpful.
fairly Her eyes were fairly large.
rather He was rather strange.
slightly I find her giggle slightly annoying.
very As the water was very cold, I didn't take a dip.
absolutely We were absolutely astonished by her reaction.
totally She felt totally awful about what she’d done.
completely His threats sounded completely ridiculous.
really (informal) I was really anxious when I found out I’d be on
my own.
pretty (informal) She can be pretty awful when she wants to be.
quite + gradable The exam was quite difficult (difficult, but not
(not very) very).
quite + non-gradable He was quite furious when he heard the news
(totally) (totally furious).

! *These are extreme, or maximum intensity, adjectives. Classifying adjectives (like international,
indoor, or civilian) are also non-gradable but cannot be modified by adverbs like very or absolutely.

• We tend to use rather with negative adjectives. When we use it with positive adjectives, it
usually means we were surprised by the positive quality described.
She’s rather nosy when it comes to my personal life.
It turned out to be a rather enjoyable experience.

• There are many other modifying adverbs we can use with both gradable and non-gradable
adjectives which add intensity or an opinion to the adjective (e.g. incredibly, purely, perfectly,
thoroughly, utterly, simply, exceedingly, ridiculously, bitterly, etc.). There are no rules for
using one or another beyond noticing what people say. Some words function together
(collocate) and some don’t.
She’s perfectly capable of doing that job on her own.
Assuming the opposite would be utterly ridiculous.
He thought the cake was incredibly good.
It was bitterly cold outside when they left the house.

3 IT IN IMPERSONAL AND ANTICIPATORY USES

• We use the pronoun it as an impersonal subject for sentences that refer to dates, time, the
weather or distances.
It’s two o’clock. It’s sunny. It’s two miles from here to the station.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 121

Grammar Reference Unit 1

• When we have long complex clauses as subjects, we normally put them at the end of the
sentence and use an ‘empty’ it to anticipate the subject.
Why he made such a ridiculous decision is not clear.

It is not clear why he made such a ridiculous decision.

Anticipatory it as subject
It’s obvious / clear / probable that…
It appears / seems that…
It’s a mistake / a shame that… / to…
It + be a good idea / a pity / absurd /
difficult / wrong, etc. to…
It + be a good idea / a pity / absurd /
difficult / wrong, etc. for someone to…
It + be essential / imperative / vital to…
It + be essential / imperative / vital that
someone (should) + infinitive
It + be essential / imperative / vital for
someone to…
It amazes / annoys / bothers / frightens /
scares / surprises / worries someone
that / when…
It’s obvious that he wasn’t happy with the new
arrangements.
It appeared / seemed that they hadn’t taken the
necessary precautions.
It’s a mistake to ignore their warnings.
It’s a shame that so many resources are wasted.
It was a good idea to publish the results early.
It has been difficult to accept his resignation.
It would be absurd / wrong for me to make that decision
because I can’t be impartial.
It’s essential / imperative / vital to reduce costs.
It’s essential / imperative / vital that she (should) be
here at eight.
It’s essential / imperative / vital for them to change their
attitude on this matter.
It amazes / surprises me that they have never
questioned their motives.
It often frightens / scares people that not every situation
can be controlled.
It really annoys / bothers me when people waste
good opportunities.

• We can also have a long clause as an object, and therefore use an anticipatory it after the
main verb.

I like it when you smile.

Object

Anticipatory it as object
I, he, she… like(s)… it when / that / if… I, he, she... consider(s) / find(s) it
I don’t like it when he lies to me. interesting…that / to...
He hates it that you never seem to understand I consider it a major step that they have
his problems. accepted our apologies.
She would love it if they chose her for the role. We find it necessary to express these feelings
in public.

! Sometimes we use it when there is no object but the structure needs one (normally with
verbs that are similar to like or hate).
I love it here.

• Remember that we also use it + be… that / who at the beginning of a sentence when we
want to give importance to a specific element.
My ex-girlfriend decided that we should split up. ➞ It was my ex-girlfriend that / who
decided we should split up.
Most weddings are held in late spring. ➞ It is in late spring that most weddings are held.
122 THAT’S ENGLISH!
Grammar Reference Unit 2

1 DESCRIBING TYPICAL BEHAVIOUR

Routines
present simple
I usually smoke a cigarette after dinner.
I don’t usually drink coffee in the evening.
Typical behaviour
will
• To describe characteristic behaviour.
She’s not a heavy smoker. She’ll usually smoke a
cigarette after dinner, but that’s all.
He’s very unreliable. One day he’ll work for fifteen
hours and the next day he’ll stay in bed all day.
present continuous
• To describe repetitive behaviour perceived as
exaggerated or annoying.
She’s constantly checking her phone to see if
she’s got messages.
My neighbours are always spying on us through
the window.
He’s always telling lies!

2 OTHER WAYS TO DESCRIBE REPETITIVE BEHAVIOUR

On (and on), keep (on), carry on, go on (and on)
• To continue doing something.
We were totally lost, but he just drove on (and on) hoping to find his way.
He keeps (on) telling me that he doesn’t need help… but he does!
They carried on arguing after I had left.
I went on working until my boss told me to take a break.
I told her to stop insulting me, but she went on (and on) until I lost my temper.

verb + and + verb

She insisted and insisted until she managed to talk to the manager.
He just talks and talks but no one actually listens to him.

3 GET USED TO AND BE USED TO

get used to + noun / -ing
• To become accustomed to something.
When I came to live in the city, it took me a
while to get used to the constant noise.
I will eventually get used to my new
smartphone.
I’ve finally got used to getting up at 6:00 a.m.
every morning.
be used to + noun / -ing
• To be familiar or accustomed to something.
She’s used to her new smartphone.
I’m used to speaking in English with my
classmates now.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 123

Grammar Reference Unit 2

4 DESCRIBING PAST HABITS AND ROUTINES

Routines Typical behaviour
used to + infinitive would + infinitive
• To describe routines that have changed in • To describe characteristic behaviour in the
the present, past habits or states. past.
I used to smoke ten cigarettes a day, but I When he was young, he was very foolish.
quit smoking years ago. He would do drugs, and he’d drink and
Did she use to play volleyball when she was drive every weekend.
a student? As a student, I would always study for
He didn’t use to be very strong, but now he’s exams the night before.
started training and it shows!

5 SHOWING IMPATIENCE AND INSULTING

• In English, it is quite frequent to use religious words like God or Jesus to show impatience
and anger. However, this is considered disrespectful language and it can easily offend
people. Therefore, people often use the word goodness to avoid saying God.
A similar thing happens with the word hell, which is frequent in expressions like What the
hell…?, Where the hell…?, Who the hell…?, etc. It is safer to use alternatives like the heck
(very colloquial), on earth (more neutral) or in heaven’s name.
Oh my goodness! Look at you! You look so pretty!
Who the heck are you?
How on earth did the dog get in here?
What in heaven’s name do you think you are doing?

• When we want to insult someone, we usually address them with the word you + noun.
Why on earth did you have to do that, you fool?
Of course they wanted to keep your money, you idiot!

• When we don’t want to insult the listener but a third person, we can use the + noun.
Look at John trying to climb that tree, the fool!

124 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Grammar Reference Unit 3

1 REVISION OF GOING TO VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Going to Present continuous

• To speak about intentions. • To speak about definite plans, future

She’s going to take a few days off in spring. arrangements, firm decisions or commitments.
I’m going to buy her a present, but I can’t I’m not having lunch with Martha on Tuesday.
think of anything she might like. It’s on Wednesday.
Are they meeting us at the airport?
• To make predictions based on symptoms or I’m watching the match on TV tomorrow,
evidence.
whether I have work to do or not!
He looks all right. I don’t think he’s going to
be sick.
That cyclist is going too fast. He’s going to
have an accident!
It’s so cold that I think it’s going to snow.

!Although
important
there
Although
to use
is often
there
the
very very
is often
present
little difference
continuous to
between
little difference
make it
using one
between
clear that you
or one
using the other,
have a
or thesometimes it is
other, sometimes
commitment:
important to use the present continuous to make it clear that you have a commitment.
it is

Would
A:A: Wouldyou
you like toto
like have dinner
have with
dinner me
with onon
me Friday?
Friday?
Sorry,
B:B: Sorry, but I’m having dinner with my workmateson
but I am having dinner with my workmates onFriday.
Friday.

2 REVISION OF FUTURE CONTINUOUS AND FUTURE PERFECT

Future continuous
• To speak about actions that will be in progress
at a particular time in the future.
At this time tomorrow, I will be lying on the
beach!
In 2050, most people will be working from
home.
Future perfect
• To speak about actions that will be completed
by a particular time in the future.
By the end of the year, they will have finished
the new tunnel.
We will have run out of money before the
bank transfer arrives!

3 PRESENT CONTINUOUS AND FUTURE CONTINUOUS FOR ARRANGEMENTS

• Both the present continuous and the future continuous are used to refer to future arrangements.
I’m meeting Paul tomorrow. = I’ll be meeting Paul tomorrow.
She’s seeing the dentist on Tuesday. = She’ll be seeing the dentist on Tuesday.

• However, we tend to use the future continuous to emphasise the fact that something will happen
anyway, whether we have arranged it or not.
We’ll be driving through Oxford on our way to Gloucester tomorrow. (We have planned to go to
Gloucester, but going through Oxford is going to happen anyway because it’s on our way to Gloucester.)
I’ll be seeing my ex-husband at Sally’s funeral. They were very good friends. (I haven’t arranged to
meet my ex-husband, but he will be at the funeral anyway.)

THAT’S ENGLISH! 125

Grammar Reference Unit 3

4 REVISION OF ALL FUTURE FORMS

Plans Predictions
• previous • no previous arrangements • based on • based on ideas or
arrangements: evidence knowledge / as part
engagements – intentions – based on of a conditional
spontaneous sentence
decisions

present continuous going to will going to will

I’m meeting the new I’m going to OK, you don’t Look at those Oil prices will
boss next week. study German have to keep black clouds… probably go up next
next year. insisting. I’m afraid it’s winter.
future continuous going to rain
I’m going to I’ll go to see that If you get there
I’ll be travelling to go out this stupid film with soon. early, you’ll have
our American branch weekend.* you! more chances of
office in April. finding a good seat.

! *Very often going to go becomes going to make it less repetitive: I’m going out this weekend.
*

Offers / promises Situations in the future*

will
Don’t worry; I’ll help you with
your homework!
I will love you forever.
• in progress at a certain time
future continuous
At this time next week, we will be
flying over the ocean.
In a few years from now, people
will be buying artificially grown
meat.
• finished by a certain time
future perfect
They will have sold all the
tickets by the time we get
there.
I will have left the office by
6:00 p.m.

! *We make general statements about the future with will: I will turn 30 next month.
*

5 FOCUS ADVERBS: ONLY, JUST, (NOT) EVEN

These adverbs focus on one element and limit it (only and just) or mark it as something unusual
or extreme (even). They are normally placed immediately before the element they modify.
Only Becky wants to continue with the project. (No one else.)
Becky only wants to continue with the project. (That’s what she is focused on.)

Uses of even, only, just

She wants to help you pass the exams and she’ll even do
surprising or extreme it for free!
even They haven’t even considered our proposal!
+ comparative to emphasise Dolphins may be even more intelligent than we thought.
(meaning exclusively) I only want coffee, not tea.
only
(meaning simply) I’m only / just going to get a coffee. It won’t take long.
to soften Can’t you just give her another chance?
just
to emphasise I can’t believe what happened. It’s just horrible!
(meaning exactly) That’s just what we need.

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1 REVISION OF VERB PATTERNS

Verb patterns
verb + infinitive
They could help us if they wanted to.
modal verbs: can, could, may, might, must, shall, You must find ways to solve this problem.
should, will, would

verb + noun / pronoun + infinitive
let, make*
*with to in the passive voice
verb + to + infinitive
agree, aim, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, decide,
demand, expect, fail, help*, hope, intend, learn,
long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend,
promise, propose, refuse, tend, would hate, would
like, would love, would prefer
*also follow by infinitive without to
They let us use their car when they are away
on holiday.
They made us pay for our meals. / We were
made to pay for our meals.
They arranged to meet us at the airport.
He promised to be here at eight.
We managed to get our picture taken with
our favourite player.
I would love to see you again.
The new study could help (to) find a vaccine.

verb + noun / pronoun + to + infinitive

advise, allow, ask, convince, enable, encourage,
expect, force, get, help*, intend, invite, order,
persuade, prefer, remind, teach, tell, want, warn
(not to), would like
*also follow by infinitive without to
They encouraged us to ask for a loan.
She persuaded me to work for her.
I would like you to help your brother if you
can.

verb + -ing

admit, avoid, can’t help, can’t stand, consider, deny, I don’t feel like going out tonight.
detest, dislike, enjoy, fancy, feel like, finish, give They finished repairing the roof late at night.
up, hate*, imagine, involve, keep, like*, love, mind,
We’ve given up trying to demonstrate that we
miss, practise, prefer**, put off, risk, suggest
are right.
*see note below
**see unit 7

! • Speakers use like + to and like + -ing indistinctively to express enjoyment or lack of it.
I don’t like doing the laundry. = I don’t like to do the laundry.
I like watching series on TV. = I like to watch series on TV.

• We often use like + -ing to imply we enjoy doing something, but like + to + infinitive when we do
something because we think it is a good idea or best for us. It describes habits or routines. We
often use a time expression.
I like to get a full medical check-up once a year.
We like to cook with very little salt.

• Hate + to + infinitive is used to announce an action that we’d rather avoid.

I hate to tell you this, but we’re out of money!

Verbs followed by to or -ing without a change in meaning

The baby began to cry / crying and I didn’t know what to do with her.
begin, start
As soon as we left the house, it started to rain / raining.

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Verbs followed by to or -ing with a change in meaning

to: change activities After the talk, he went on to answer our questions.
go on
-ing: continue He went on talking for three more hours.
to: have the intention I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings.
mean
-ing: involve Saying no to the project will mean losing jobs.
to: active meaning We need to find ways to solve this problem.
need
-ing: passive meaning This house needs tidying up. (It needs to be tidied up.)
to: give bad news
We regret to inform you that your request has been denied.
regret -ing: wish something
I regret not taking their offer. I would be rich now.
had been different
to: do something as a I remembered to lock the door, but I forgot to leave the key
result of remembering under the mat.
remember
-ing: remember that Of course, I remember meeting her. She made a great
you did something impression on me!
to: reason for stopping We stopped to have a coffee, and then we continued our trip.
stop
-ing: quit I stopped worrying about the future years ago.
to: make an effort We tried to help him escape from the fire, but he got badly hurt.
try
-ing: see if it works Why don’t you try taking an aspirin for that headache? It might help.
She wants to help us with the project.
to: feel the need
want This house wants painting. Do you know of a good painter that
-ing: lack, need
can come help us with that?

! Verbs related to the senses: hear, listen to, see, smell, watch, etc. can be followed by an infinitive
without to or -ing. We use the infinitive without to to imply that we have witnessed the whole action
or event. By using the -ing form of the verb, we imply that we notice an action which is in progress.
We watched the mechanic fix the car. It only took him ten minutes.
We saw the mechanic fixing our car when we walked by the garage.

2 NEW SUBJECT BEFORE -ING

We can have different subjects in the main clause and in the -ing clause. The subject of the -ing
clause can be expressed by a pronoun in the object form or by using a possessive adjective
(in more formal contexts).
I hope you don’t mind me / my watching while you are trying to fix that.
She wouldn’t want to risk us / our losing the contract.

3 OFFERS AND REQUESTS

Offering help
• Why don’t I + infinitive?
Why don’t I carry those bags for you?
• Can I give you a hand + -ing?
Can I lend you a hand mowing the lawn?
• Let me + infinitive
Let me open this door for you.
• Subject + would + be delighted to + infinitive
I’d be delighted to cook for you while you’re
ill.
Requests
• Imperative + will / won’t / would you?
Open that door for me, will / won’t / would you?
• Can you give me a hand with…?
Can you give me a hand with this, please?
• Could you (possibly) + infinitive?
Could you (possibly) turn the volume down?
• Will / Would you + infinitive?
Will you please stop making that noise?
Would you please lock the door when you leave?
• Would you mind + -ing?
Would you mind helping me with the gardening?

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Grammar Reference Unit 5

1 EXPRESSING QUANTITY
Cardinal numbers Ordinal numbers
0 zero / nought 12 twelve 12th twelfth
1 one 13 thirteen 1st first 13th thirteenth
2 two 14 fourteen 2nd second 14th fourteenth
3 three 15 fifteen 3rd third 15th fifteenth
4 four 20 twenty 4th fourth 20th twentieth
5 five 21 twenty-one 5th fifth 21st twenty-first
6 six 22 twenty-two 6th sixth 22nd twenty-second
7 seven 30 thirty 7th seventh 30th thirtieth
8 eight 31 thirty-one 8th eighth 31st thirty-first
9 nine 40 forty 9th ninth 40th fortieth
10 ten 50 fifty 10th tenth 50th fiftieth
11 eleven 100 a/one hundred 11th eleventh 100th a/one hundredth

! • In sport results we often use the word nil for zero.

They lost two to nil (2-0).
• In tennis, however, we use the word love for zero.
The score is 15-love (15-0).
• When numbers are used to identify or classify (e.g. room numbers, course numbers, post office
box numbers) and for telephone numbers, we usually say oh for zero.
I’m in room five oh two (502).
Our phone number is oh eight oh eight, one six eight, double one six eight (0808 168 1168).

• When saying long numbers, remember to use the singular with million, thousand and
hundred. Say and after hundred or, when there are no hundreds, after thousand or million.
120 ➞ a/one hundred and twenty
756 ➞ seven hundred and fifty-six
39,042 ➞ thirty-nine thousand and forty-two
78,384,915 ➞ seventy-eight million, three hundred and eighty-four thousand, nine hundred
and fifteen

• We use ordinal numbers in fractions.

2⁄3 two thirds 4⁄8 four eighths 1⁄10 one tenth of a second

! ½ a/one half is an exception. We also say half a + noun.

two and a half kilos of potatoes half a pint of beer
an hour and a half / one and a half hours half a kilo of meat

• For decimals we use point and then say the figures one by one.
3.47% ➞ three point four seven per cent

• With negative numbers we use the word minus.

-17ºC ➞ minus seventeen (degrees) Celsius

• We can use some or -something (colloquial) for approximate numbers.

There were some two hundred people at the meeting. (Approximately two hundred.)
She’s thirty-something. (In her thirties.)

• We use twice, three times, etc. for multiple quantities.

There were twice as many people at the second meeting.
Their budget is three times larger than ours.
This prison was designed for one thousand people but now holds three times that number.

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Basic mathematical operations

2+2=4 5–3=2 5 x 2 = 10 12 : 3 = 4
Two plus two is four. Five less three is two. Five times two is ten. Twelve divided by
Two plus two equals four. Five minus three Five multiplied by two three is four.
Two and two is four. equals two. equals ten. Three goes into
Five take away three twelve four times.
equals two.

2 PLURALS
Irregular plurals
foot – feet, tooth – teeth, man /mæn/ – men /men/, mouse – mice, woman
changes in the word /ˈwʊmən/ – women /ˈwɪmɪn/
half – halves, knife – knives, leaf – leaves, life – lives, shelf – shelves, thief –
-f(e) ➞ -ves thieves, wife – wives, wolf – wolves
-Ø deer, fish, salmon, sheep
old English -en child – children, ox – oxen
-us ➞ -i cactus – cacti, syllabus – syllabi, nucleus – nuclei
-a ➞ -ae alga – algae
Latin and Greek plurals -um ➞ -a bacterium – bacteria, curriculum – curricula, datum – data*,
(often technical or symposium – symposia
scientific)
-sis ➞ -ses analysis – analyses, crisis – crises, parenthesis – parentheses
-on ➞ -a criterion – criteria, phenomenon – phenomena
*Many people use data as a singular countable noun nowadays.

-s in singular and plural
singular words that end in -s
words used only in plural
Nouns ending in -s
means, series, species
billiards, economics, linguistics, mathematics, measles, mumps,
news, phonetics, physics, politics
classics, clothes, customs, earnings, funds, glasses, goods, greens,
headquarters, jeans, manners, the Middle Ages, savings, scissors,
shorts, stairs, surroundings, trousers, valuables

! Remember: a piece of news, a pair of glasses / scissors / trousers

The plural of compound nouns

two nouns (the first noun acting as an adjective) ➞ the second noun takes plural form
golf clubs, apple pies, toy shops, assistant teachers, toothbrushes…
two nouns (the first noun is the word man or woman) ➞ both nouns take plural form
women teachers, men farmers, women doctors…
noun + other elements ➞ the noun takes plural form
coats-of-arms, commanders-in-chief, passers-by, mothers-in-law…
verb + particle used as noun ➞ the compound takes -s at the end
grown-ups, take-offs…

! • Some words that were originally compounds are now considered one unit and take a final -s.
bagful – bagfuls

• Some words with prefixes may look like a compound but they are not.
vice-president – vice-presidents

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Grammar Reference Unit 5

3 BOTH, ALL, NONE, NEITHER, EITHER

• Both, all and none are plural when used as pronouns.
The teacher asked two students for the answer but both were wrong.
There were a few restaurants in the area but all were closed.
They offer rooms to let but none are available.

• Both (of the) is always followed by a plural noun.

Both (of the) answers were right.

• All (of) can be followed by singular or plural.

All (of) the money is in the bank now.
All (of) the contestants have won a prize.

• None of can also be followed by a singular or plural noun. When it’s followed by a plural
noun, the verb can be singular or plural.
None of that money was ours.
None of the students is / are ready to take the test yet.

• Neither (nor) and either (or) are generally used with verbs in the singular.
Neither John nor his partner wants to continue with the project.
I have talked to both of them but neither thinks the idea will work.
If either you or your daughter needs to talk to me, I’ll be in my office.

4 REVISION OF SUGGESTING AND RECOMMENDING

These verbs can be used with the following structures without a change in meaning.
propose / recommend / suggest
The guide proposed spending some time at Stonehenge.
+ -ing I recommend starting the day early.
He suggested visiting the new factory.
They proposed that we had a new meeting the following day.
The boss recommended that we checked every single piece of
+ (that) + subject + verb
information twice.
She suggested that we increased the budget for next year.
He proposed (that) we (should) spend more money on R&D.
+ (that) + subject + (should) +
His doctor recommended (that) he (should) take up yoga.
infinitive
My daughter’s teacher has suggested (that) she (should) read more.

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Grammar Reference Unit 6

1 PERSUADING AND DISSUADING

A Persuading
There are many ways to express persuasion. The use of intonation is also a common
device.

– Making suggestions

Would you mind if + subject + verb?
Can / Could I persuade you to + infinitive?
Subject + might as well + infinitive
May / Might I suggest + -ing…?
Would you mind if we stayed here a bit longer?
Can I persuade you to stay for dinner?
If you’re going to commute to work every day,
you might as well get a travel card.
May I suggest visiting our local museum?

– Reassuring

Subject + don’t / doesn’t have to worry
about + -ing
I can assure you…
I guarantee…
You will definitely + infinitive…
It can’t be that + adjective!
You don’t have to worry about having to pay for
extras. Everything’s included!
I can assure you it will last you a lifetime.
I guarantee you won’t regret it!
You will definitely save time and money by
buying one of our machines.
It can’t be that difficult to convince your wife!

– Offering alternatives

Wouldn’t you prefer to + infinitive? Wouldn’t you prefer to stay in a hotel?

Why don’t you… instead?
Instead of + noun / -ing,
… instead.
Tired of cooking? Why don’t you go to a restaurant
instead?
Instead of slaving away in the kitchen, you could
be enjoying a nice evening out.
You don’t need to carry cash with you. You can
use your debit card instead.

– Encouraging

Come on! Come on! You can definitely pass the exam!
Go for it! Go for it! You won’t regret it!

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B Dissuading
These are some expressions you can use to dissuade people from doing things.

I would (strongly) advise against +
noun / -ing
I wouldn’t bother (about) + -ing
I wouldn’t bother about + noun
I would strongly advise against trying to extend
the life of your car beyond fifteen years.
I wouldn’t bother fixing that lamp. Just get a new
one.
I wouldn’t bother about the money now!

2 QUESTION TAGS
We can use question tags to soften emotional appeals, orders or suggestions and make them
more persuasive. We normally use positive question tags with negative verbs and vice versa.
Remember that we use shall we? as the question tag for let’s and will you / won’t you? with
imperatives.
You don’t really want to spend the rest of the evening here, do you?
You aren’t going to let me down, are you?
Let’s go over the contract now, shall we?
Call me when you’ve made up your mind, will you / won’t you?

3 REFUSING
Here are a few expressions that can be used to refuse to do something emphatically.

No way!
Absolutely not! A: Please, say you will buy me a new car when I
get my licence!
Over my dead body!
B: Over my dead body! I will never buy you a car or
Not in a million years!
even pay for your petrol! Get a job! And don’t
Don’t (you) even think about noun / -ing! even think about asking your mother either!
I will never (ever) + infinitive

! After negative expressions like no way, never before in my life / in a million years, etc., on
no account (formal) or under no circumstances (formal), sentences take the structure of a
question (i.e. auxiliary verb before the subject).
No way am I going to let them use my house for free!
Never in a million years would I agree to appear on a reality TV show!
On no account should they be allowed to enter the premises.
Under no circumstances does our company ever grant that kind of permission.

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Grammar Reference Unit 7

1 PREFER AND WOULD RATHER

A Expressing preferences
– To express preference with nouns

prefer + noun + (to + noun)

I prefer tea to coffee.
We gave my father an e-reader, but he still prefers his old books.

– To express preference with actions

prefer + (not) to + infinitive + (rather than + infinitive) prefer + (not) -ing + (to + -ing)
We prefer not to take a bus there because it takes I prefer not having to make a choice.
longer than walking. Does he really prefer cooking to eating in
She prefers to live alone rather than share a flat. a restaurant?

would rather + (not) infinitive would rather + infinitive + (than + infinitive)

Although I like coffee, I’d rather have tea in the He’d rather stay here than move to London.
morning.

! • Prefer can be followed by to + infinitive or by -ing. Both structures are similar but prefer + to
can imply habit or refer to what we think is the best way to do things.
I prefer to get up early every morning so I have more time to get ready for work. (This
doesn’t imply that I enjoy getting up early.)

• Notice that after rather than, we use infinitive without to.

They prefer to walk to work rather than take the bus.

B To indicate what we would like other people to do

would prefer it if + subject2 + past simple would rather + subject2 + past simple
I’d prefer it if you went by bus. They’d rather we paid them in cash.
She’d prefer it if we didn’t call her in the evening. I’d rather you didn’t smoke inside the house.
Would you prefer it if we stayed a bit longer? Would you rather we left now?

C To express complaints or regrets about what happened in the past

would prefer it if + subject2 + past perfect
I’d prefer it if you had taken it a bit more
seriously.
Would you prefer it if she hadn’t stayed here
last weekend?
would rather + subject2 + past perfect
I’d rather you had warned me before bringing
everybody over to the house.
She’d rather we hadn’t spoken to the boss, but
how could we have known?

would rather have + past participle + (than + infinitive)

We would rather have stayed* home than go to the cinema, but mum insisted.
They would have rather spent* the weekend at home with us than stay in a hotel.
Would you rather have seen a more serious film?

! *When there is only one subject, we usually use would rather have + past participle. However,
would have rather + past participle is also correct.
She’d rather have seen the movie the first time it was on. = She’d have rather seen the
movie the first time it was on.

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2 REVISION OF SECOND AND THIRD CONDITIONALS

Second conditional Third conditional
If + subject + past simple, subject + would / If + subject + past perfect, subject + would /
could + infinitive could + have + past participle
• Improbable or unreal condition in the present, • Impossible condition in the past, past
present consequences. consequences.
If I had a bigger house, I would get a dog. If she had known that you were coming, she
If she was / were taller, she could be a model. would have stayed longer.
Would you buy the car if it was / were If they hadn’t wasted so much money, they
cheaper? could have gone on the trip.
Would they have acted differently if they had
had the chance?

! Remember that in the case of the verb to be, you can use were for all subjects.

3 MIXED CONDITIONALS
Mixed conditionals
If + subject + past perfect, subject + would / could + infinitive
• Condition in the past, present consequences.
If I hadn’t sold those shares two months ago, we would be rich now.
If they had given you the job, you’d be my boss now.
Would you still live in Australia if you hadn’t married an Australian man?

If + subject + past simple, subject + would + have + past participle

• Present state or habit, past consequences.
If I were more organised, I wouldn’t have lost the report.
She would have understood your note if you wrote more clearly.

4 REVISION OF CONNECTORS
Reason Result
noun
because of Consequently, … As a result, …
+ pronoun or possessive + -ing
due to -ing Therefore, … So, …

because / as / since + clause (subject + verb)

Addition Contrast
Despite
in addition to + noun / pronoun / -ing + noun / pronoun / -ing, ...
In spite of
as well as + noun / pronoun / -ing
Despite
+ the fact that + clause, ...
Also, … ... as well. In spite of
In addition, … Furthermore, ... Whereas / While / Although + clause, ...
Likewise, ... Moreover, …
As well as that, … Besides (this), … However, … Nevertheless, …
What’s more, … On the other hand, … In contrast, …
On the contrary, …

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Grammar Reference Unit 8

1 INVERSION WITH SO AND SUCH

• Remember we use so + adjective / adverb (that…) or such (a/an) + adjective + noun (that…)
to emphasise qualities.
He’s become so famous that he seems to have lost his right to privacy.
She's such an enthusiastic person!
They’re such great artists that their works are priceless.

• In written or more literary language, we can start a sentence with so or such. In this case, the
rest of the sentence takes the structure of a question (i.e. auxiliary verb before the subject).
So quickly did the fire spread that it seemed impossible to put it out.
Such was the force of the wind that all ships had to return to port.

2 WHAT CLAUSE + BE FOR EMPHASIS

• We can use this structure to emphasise one part of the sentence (the part underlined in the
examples below).
The way he dealt with the press was amazing. ➞ What was amazing was the way he dealt
with the press.
You need a good opportunity. ➞ What you need is a good opportunity.
The encouragement from his friends gave him strength. ➞ What gave him strength was
the encouragement from his friends.

• If what we want to emphasise is a clause, we need to introduce it with the fact that.
He sold a million copies of his book and that was amazing. ➞ What was amazing was the
fact that he sold a million copies of his book.

• If we want to emphasise an action, we need to use the verb do.

They were trying to fool you. ➞ What they were trying to do was fool you.
I can give you advice. ➞ What I can do is give you advice.

3 PASSIVE + INFINITIVE / PERFECT INFINITIVE

• Some verbs, mainly connected with language or opinion, like claim, consider, know, prove,
report, say, suppose, think, etc., have two possible structures in the passive voice.

It + be + past participle + that + clause Subject + be + past participle + to + infinitive

It is thought that he lives in the south of France He is thought to live in the south of France.
now. They are said to be the richest family in the UK.
It is said that they are the richest family in the UK.

• If the action described with the infinitive is finished, we use the perfect infinitive (have + past
participle).
He is thought to have lived in France.
They are said to have been the richest family in the UK.

• There are a number of verbs that can also be followed by an infinitive in the passive voice:
be allowed to, be asked to, be expected to, be made to and be scheduled to.
We have been asked to write a report about our trip.
They were made to fill in a number of documents before they were allowed to go through
customs.
The ship is scheduled to depart at 6 a.m.

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Grammar Reference
4 EXPRESSING DISAPPOINTMENT
Disappointment
be disappointing
be disappointed about / at / by something
be disappointed in / with somebody
Subject + was /were hoping to + infinitive
Subject + had hoped that…
Subject + didn’t live up to someone’s
expectations
Somebody had high hopes for…
What a pity / a letdown!
5 ADJECTIVE + PREPOSITION
Adjective + preposition
addicted to drugs, a game, watching TV
afraid / terrified of the dark, making a mistake
anxious about the meeting, losing his job
anxious for money, your family
aware of your surroundings, having made a
mistake
capable of anything, solving a problem
committed / dedicated / devoted to her
family, helping others
delighted / pleased about / with the results
(but also: delighted / pleased to help us)
depressed / worried about the future
desperate for a job
(but also: desperate to find a partner)
devastated / fascinated / frustrated /
impressed / moved / shattered / shocked /
upset by the news, the results
disappointed in / with you, the President
disappointed at / about / by their response
ecstatic / excited about their new car, starting
a new career
famous for her articles, being caustic
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Unit 8
We were expecting a lot from this book but it was really
disappointing.
She was disappointed about / at / by the way her
company handled her requests.
They are very disappointed in / with their teacher
because he’s been too strict with them.
I was hoping to meet her at the party, but she didn’t
show up.
She had hoped that they would give her the job, but
they hired someone else.
The house we rented didn’t live up to our expectations.
It was too small for the price we paid.
His parents had high hopes for him, but he turned out
to be a very bad student.
My best friend turned out to be a really selfish person.
What a letdown!
fond of football, her boss, telling jokes
glad about your new job
glad for you
(but also: glad to see you)
good / bad / great / terrible at maths, giving directions
involved in a task, a book
involved with his family, their school
keen on my neighbours, reading
(but also: keen to help, accept the offer)
ready for school, bed
(but also: ready to join the party)
responsible for our safety, breaking the vase
satisfied with their performance
short of money, breath
sick of this car, politicians, repeating the same thing
staggered / surprised at / by the price (but also:
staggered / surprised to hear her complaints)
suitable for children, the occasion
overjoyed / thrilled about / with / by their success
137
Grammar Reference Unit 9

1 EXPRESSING CAUSE AND EFFECT

because of
because
due to
as
in view of + noun + clause
since
on account of
due to the fact that
owing to

We chose the hotel because of its location.
The flight was cancelled due to severe weather.
In view of the growing demand for organic
products, we have expanded our range.
All the shops were closed on account of a local
holiday.
Owing to the new security checks, there are
now long queues at the airports.
Our Internet connection is currently slow
because so many customers are trying to use it.
As we couldn’t agree on where to spend the
weekend, we ended up staying at home.
We couldn’t communicate with them since they
didn’t speak English.
They treated us very well at the restaurant due
to the fact that we were friends with the owner.

! • Because of, due to, in view of, on account of and owing to are a more formal alternative to using
because + clause.
They had to call off the match because it was pouring. ➞ Due to the heavy rain, the match was
cancelled.

• Because of, due to, in view of, on account of and owing to can be followed by -ing, often with
a possessive adjective or an object pronoun to mark a different subject. This alternative is much
more formal and less frequent.
On account of being late for boarding, they were asked to take the next plane.
Because of our / us insisting to see the manager, the hotel finally agreed to give us another room.

2 BE ABOUT TO, BE ON THE POINT OF, BE TO

• We can use be about to + infinitive and be on the point of + -ing to indicate that an action is
going to take place very soon.
We were about to leave the hotel when I remembered I’d left my camera in the room.
The number of tourists has dropped so dramatically that many restaurants in the area are
on the point of closing down.
She had to take a break because she was on the point of having a nervous breakdown.

• We can also use the expression be to + infinitive to refer to the future, usually for actions that
have been scheduled, or to give orders.
The plane was to arrive at ten.
The Government are to set up a committee to investigate the incident.
The Mayor is not to retire until November.
Children are not to leave the school unaccompanied.
You are to report to your superior by the end of the day.

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Grammar Reference Unit 9

3 THANKING AND APOLOGISING

Here are a few useful ways to express gratitude and say you are sorry.

Expressions for thanking Expressions for apologising

Thanks (a lot).
Informal Sorry.
Cheers!
register Sorry, I didn’t mean to…
Ta.
I’m (awfully / so / terribly / very) sorry.
It’s (all) my fault.
Neutral Thank you (very much).
My mistake.
register I really appreciate it.

I’m ever so sorry.

How thoughtful!
I hope you can forgive me.
You shouldn't have.
How careless of me!
You needn’t have.
I cannot express how sorry I am.
That's so kind of you!
Formal I do apologise for…
register I am most grateful!
I must apologise for…
I’d like to tell you how grateful I am
Please excuse my…
for…
Please forgive me for… / for not + -ing
I would like to express our gratitude
for… Please accept my most sincere
apologies.

! You didn’t need to + infinitive / needn’t have + past participle

Be aware of the difference in meaning when using these expressions. Didn’t need to means it
wasn’t necessary to do something, so you didn’t do it. Needn’t have means it wasn’t necessary to
do something but you did it.
I didn’t need to go to work yesterday because it was a local holiday. (I didn’t go to work because it
wasn’t necessary.)
I needn’t have bought this wine. I already had a bottle at home. (I bought the wine but it wasn’t necessary.)
Thanks a lot for the flowers but you needn't have bothered! (You gave me flowers but it wasn’t necessary
that you brought any presents.)

THAT’S ENGLISH! 139

Writing Reference Unit 1

Writing an anecdote
An anecdote is a short story which is often about something funny or interesting that
happened to someone. Anecdotes should try to interest and engage the reader and have a
memorable ending.

When I was studying in my last year at St Brown University, romantic In the introduction,
literature was my favourite subject and I had the best professor in the set the scene and try
world, Dr Mary Blake. I was absolutely delighted and had no idea things to catch the reader’s
would soon radically change. attention.

In fact, suddenly, in the middle of the second semester, disaster struck: In the following
Dr Blake fell ill and we were given a substitute teacher, Ms Laura Dolittle. paragraphs, describe
Although she was cheerful and acted as if she was a fellow student, what happened and who
something about her made me feel uneasy. was involved.

All of my fears came true at the end of the year when I saw I had failed
the final exam. First I was shocked. Then, I became absolutely furious.
Even though Ms Dolittle was not able to show me what was wrong
with my exam, she still refused to give me a pass mark. I left her office
seething with anger.

After I graduated, Ms Dolittle continued in Dr Blake’s position. However,

years later it was her turn to be suddenly surprised. I was appointed
Make sure the ending is
as Head of the English Department at St Brown University! Imagine
memorable.
the expression on Ms Dolittle’s face when she realised her professional
future was in my hands!

Writing tips:
➜ Make the introduction engaging and the ending memorable.

➜ Set the scene by describing the context, the facts and the people involved.

➜ Use different narrative tenses (past continuous, past simple and past perfect),
sequencing words and adverbial phrases.

➜ Use a variety of adjectives and adverbs to make the story interesting.

140 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Writing Reference Unit 3

Writing an article
An article is a piece of writing about a particular subject that is normally published in a
newspaper or a magazine. Semiformal opinion articles are the type of text that you will
write in the exam. You should present and justify your opinion in a clearly organised way.

DOES BEING INTELLIGENT MAKE YOU HAPPIER?

In the introduction, you should
It is often said that intelligence brings more happiness. But clearly state the topic of the article.
is this really true? As someone of average intelligence, I find Questions (rhetorical or real) are
this question fascinating. a good way to catch the reader’s
attention right from the start.

Contrary to what most people believe, being extremely

clever doesn’t necessarily make your life easier. In fact, it
may make your life more difficult as highly intelligent people
often feel ‘different’ and may have problems relating socially. Explain each main idea in
After all, it’s hard to chat about the weather when you’re only a separate paragraph.
interested in nuclear physics! Another potential source of
frustration is having high expectations for your life which
will rarely be achieved.

However, on a more positive note, I feel that exceptionally

bright people definitely do have the capability to focus on
being happy. They need to have the ability to realise that
long-term goals must be realistic and that every problem
has a solution if it is approached creatively.

In conclusion, I believe there is no direct correlation between In the conclusion you

intelligence and happiness. Being happy is a conscious should refer again to the
decision each individual has to take although smarter people topic of the article and
may have better tools to reach this goal. state your opinion.

Writing tips:
➜ Think of a good engaging title. The title should summarise the contents of the
article.

➜ Introduce each paragraph with a topic sentence.

➜ Give supporting arguments, amusing personal examples and opinions.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 141

Writing Reference Unit 5

Writing a proposal
A proposal is a text that is written to persuade a reader to follow a course of action. You
need to divide the proposal into clear sections. Your conclusion must be a suggestion based
on the factual information you have given.

PROPOSAL FOR BUILDING A COMMUNITY GARDEN

Executive summary: The aim of this proposal is to suggest the Explain the purpose of
creation of a community garden in our town. the proposal.

Statement of need: There is an abandoned plot of land in the

town centre, which is currently full of drug dealers, petty criminals
and rubbish. We suggest that this area should be transformed Give reasons why the
into a space where our citizens can meet, cooperate and learn by project is needed.
growing their own organic food. The garden would also become a
place in which to explore, relax and enjoy nature.

Project description: We propose that the Council should buy the

abandoned plot and transform it into a communal garden. A fence
should be put in place and the soil fertility should be improved Give details about
what the project will
to make it suitable for planting. We also suggest building raised involve.
beds for plants, laying pathways, adding benches and installing
a decorative fountain.

Budget analysis: The estimated price of the plot is £300,000.

The construction work would cost £40,000 and the benches and Describe how much
fountain would be an additional £25,000, making a total cost of the project will cost.
£365,000.

Conclusion: The garden will offer our citizens the unique

opportunity to connect with nature, grow their own food and at Summarise the
the same time build a stronger community. Crime and littering benefits of the
will be reduced as the garden will provide the neighbourhood project.
with a pleasant meeting place.

Writing tips:
➜ Divide up the sections under clear headings: executive summary,
statement of need, project description, budget analysis and conclusion.

➜ Be specific: explain the reasons for the project, the steps to be taken and
the benefits in detail.

➜ Write a strong conclusion by mentioning all the future benefits of the

project.

142 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Writing Reference Unit 7

Writing a discursive essay

A discursive essay presents a balanced and objective examination of a subject although it
doesn’t have to be absolutely neutral. You should present both sides of an argument based
on facts, but may draw personal conclusions. The style should be formal and impersonal.

ARE SUPERMARKETS BETTER TO SHOP IN THAN LOCAL SHOPS?

Supermarkets offer convenience and choice at affordable prices, but

are they truly a better option than local shops? In order to answer In the introduction,
mention both sides of
this question, we need not only to take ‘convenience’ into account, the issue but don’t go
but also to examine the impact large supermarkets have on the local into detail.
economy and the environment.

Modern shoppers have busy lives and so they need convenience. In

response, supermarkets offer easy access, free parking and extended
In one paragraph,
hours. They also allow the customer to buy products which are not summarise the
produced locally, and out-of-season produce, which would otherwise arguments in favour
only be available at certain times of the year. In addition, supermarkets of or against one side
employ many people, both on site and from suppliers. What’s more, of the issue. Be factual
and objective.
the infrastructure required for a large supermarket in terms of roads
and other services is very beneficial for the surrounding area.

However, in order to keep costs low and maximise profits,

supermarkets import food from very distant places, which has a
In another paragraph,
high environmental impact. They also impose fixed prices on their present the opposing
producers, thus making it impossible for smaller farmers to survive. view. Remember
Moreover, supermarkets often take business away from the local to state facts, not
opinions.
network of small shops and suppliers, forcing those shops to close
and increasing unemployment.
Write a conclusion
To sum up, although it may seem more convenient and cheaper based on the facts
to do your shopping at a large supermarket, going to local shops mentioned in the
certainly helps protect the economy of your local area and is more previous paragraphs.
ecological. You can include your
opinions.

Writing tips:
➜ Organise your composition well: group similar ideas together in the same
paragraph (e.g. advantages / disadvantages).

➜ Use connectors to structure your text and make it more formal.

➜ Give objective data before you give any personal conclusions.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 143

Writing Reference Unit 9

Writing a formal email of apology

In a formal email of apology you should explain what went wrong, take responsibility and
apologise. You should also explain how you plan to resolve the situation. Make sure you
sound sincere and polite.

Dear Mr Pendleton,

Please accept my most sincere apologies for my behaviour at

your daughter’s wedding last Saturday. Having been my boss
for the last fifteen years, you know that I never drink alcohol. Summarise what
However, when I arrived at the reception, I felt the happy happened and why.
occasion called for a proper toast with champagne. I only had Take full responsibility
one drink but, unfortunately, on an empty stomach. As a result, for the problem.
I soon started to feel dizzy, which explains why I tripped over
and landed on the table displaying some of the gifts the couple
had received. I am truly ashamed. I know there is absolutely no
excuse for my behaviour and I take full responsibility for what
happened.

Although I have sent your daughter and her husband a new Offer a solution or a
vase to replace the one I broke, I understand that this cannot way to amend things.
make up for the commotion I caused. I hope they, and you, will Ask the reader to
one day forgive me. accept your apology.

I’d like to take this opportunity to thank you ever so much for
inviting my wife and me to the wedding. It was a real pleasure
to be a part of your daughter and son-in-law’s celebration of the
beginning of their new life together.
End the email politely.
Yours sincerely,

John Hughes

Writing tips:
➜ Use the same format as you would in a formal letter. Check the beginning
and ending are in an appropriate style.

➜ Include polite expressions.

➜ Acknowledge the issue frankly. Describe the problem and apologise

sincerely.

144 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Pronunciation Guide
PHONEMIC CHART
DIPHTHONGS
i: ɪ ʊ u: ɪə eɪ
cheap chip put you here wait
VOWELS

e ə ɜ: ɔ: ʊə ɔɪ əʊ
bed teacher bird door tour boy show
æ ʌ ɑ: ɒ eə aɪ aʊ
cat up far on hair my cow
p t f θ tʃ s ʃ k
CONSONANTS

pea tea fly think cheese say shoe car

b d v ð dʒ z ʒ g
boat dog video this June zoo vision go
m n ŋ h l r w j
man now sing hat love red wet yellow
voiced sounds: vocal cords vibrate
unvoiced sounds: vocal cords don’t vibrate

THE SCHWA /ə/

• This is the most common sound in English. It occurs when a syllable is not stressed. Compare.
photographer /fəˈtɒɡrəfə(r)/, photography /fəˈtɒɡrəfɪ/, photograph /ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf/

• In writing, the schwa can correspond to the letters a, e, o, u or a combination of letters.

appear /əˈpɪə(r)/, permanent /ˈpɜːmənənt/, economy /ɪˈkɒnəmɪ/, support /səˈpɔː(r)t/, famous
/ˈfeɪməs/.

• Many grammar words (i.e. auxiliary verbs, modal verbs, pronouns and prepositions) have a
weak form with /ə/ when they are not stressed.
does /dəz/, were /wə/, can /kən/, us /əs/, you /jə/, at /ət/, of /əv/, etc.

THE SILENT E
Very often a word ends in a silent -e to indicate that the stressed vowel in the word has a long
sound: /eɪ/, /i:/, /aɪ/, /əʊ/, /u:/.

/æ/ hat /hæt/, mad /mæd/, cat /kæt/

a
/eɪ/ hate /heɪt/, made /meɪd/, Kate /keɪt/

/e/ pet /pet/, let /let/

e
/i:/ Pete /pi:t/, compete / kəmˈpi:t/, delete /dɪˈli:t/

/ɪ/ hid /hɪd/, pin /pɪn/, sit /sɪt/

i
/aɪ/ hide /haɪd/, pine /paɪn/, site /saɪt/

/ɒ/ cod /kɒd/, hop /hɒp/, not /nɒt/

o
/əʊ/ code /kəʊd/, hope /həʊp/, note /nəʊt/

/ʌ/ tub /tʌb/, us /ʌs/, cut /kʌt/

u
/u:/ tube /tju:b/, use /ju:z/, cute /kju:t/

THAT’S ENGLISH! 145

Pronunciation Guide
PRONUNCIATION OF NUMBERS
• The number ‘0’ has several variations:
• zero /ˈzɪərəʊ/ is used in maths, for temperatures, and to indicate the lowest possible level.
-2ºC (minus two degrees or two degrees below zero).
Our chances have come down to zero.
• nought /nɔːt/ is used in British English as an alternative to zero.
The interest rate is only 0.7% (nought point seven percent).
• oh /əʊ/ is frequently used to spell out numbers, like room numbers or telephone numbers
(Americans often use zero for this).
Room 508 (five oh eight)
• nil /nɪl/ is used in football and rugby results.
2-0 (two-nil)
• love /lʌv/ is used in tennis results.
15-0 (fifteen-love)

• We say and after hundred or, when there are no hundreds, after thousand or million. It is
normally pronounced /ənd/.
130 /ə ˈhʌndrəd ənd ˈθɜːtɪ/
49,052 /ˈfɔːtɪ naɪn ˈθaʊz(ə)nd ənd ˈfɪftɪ tuː/

• For decimal numbers, we say point and then each number separately.
0.536 – nought point five, three, six

PRONUNCIATION OF PLURALS OF LATIN AND GREEK ORIGIN

syllabus /ˈsɪləbəs/ – syllabi /ˈsɪləbaɪ/
-us /əs/ ➞ -i /aɪ/
nucleus /ˈnjuːkliəs/ – nuclei /ˈnjuːklɪaɪ/
bacterium /bækˈtɪərɪəm/ – bacteria /bækˈtɪərɪə/
-um /əm/ ➞ -a /ə/
curriculum /kəˈrɪkjʊləm/ – curricula /kəˈrɪkjələ/
criterion /kraɪˈtɪərɪən/ – criteria /kraɪˈtɪəriə/
-on /ən/ ➞ -a /ə/
phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ – phenomena /fəˈnɒmɪnə/
analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ – analyses /əˈnæləsiːz/
-sis /sɪs/ ➞ -ses /si:z/
crisis /ˈkraɪsɪs/ – crises /ˈkraɪsiːz/

PRONUNCIATION OF THIRD CONDITIONALS

Because third conditionals are long sentences, we tend to emphasise only the stressed words
(words with a lot of communicative content like nouns, adjectives, adverbs, main verbs and
negative forms). Auxiliary verbs are not stressed, so we normally use contractions: had ➞ ‘d /d/
or /əd/, hadn’t ➞ /ˈhæd(ə)nt/, would have ➞ /ˈwʊdəv/, wouldn’t have ➞ /ˈwʊd(ə)ntəv/.
I would have brought you a present from Rome last month if I had had enough money.
/aɪ ˈwʊdəv ˈbrɔːt jʊ ə ˈprez(ə)nt frəm ˈrəʊm ˈlɑːst ˈmʌnθ ɪf aɪd ˈhæd ɪˈnʌf ˈmʌnɪ/
She would have never succeeded if her parents had not encouraged her.
/ʃiː ˈwʊdəv ˈnevə səkˈsiːdɪd ɪf hə ˈpeərənts ˈhæd(ə)nt ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒd hə/

146 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Pronunciation Guide
PRONUNCIATION FOR EMPHASIS: THE
The definite article the is normally not stressed. However, we may want to stress it for added
emphasis. In this case, it is pronounced /ðiː/.
She overcame her disability in the most amazing way.
/ʃiː əʊvəˈkeɪm hə dɪsəˈbɪlətɪ ɪn ˈðiː ˈməʊst əˈmeɪzɪŋ ˈweɪ/

INTONATION
It is very complicated to describe intonation theoretically. The best approach for learning
intonation is to listen to as much natural authentic speech as possible.
Here are some general guidelines for the intonation of the functions described in this module.

Why did you have to do that?

Showing impatience

I’ve told you a hundred times!

How wonderful!
Exclamations
Start on a high tone

That’s absolutely incredible!

Could you give me a hand with this?

Requests
Would you mind turning down the volume, please?

Close the door, will you?

If you want to sound polite in English you need to stress

the important words in the sentence by making changes
in tone.
Sounding polite
I do apologize.

Thanks! I really appreciate your help!

Start on a
low tone

Persuading Come on! You want to buy a new car, don’t you?
neutral tone
Start on a

What clause + be What was important was arriving on time.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 147

List
List of
of Irregular
IrregularVerbs
Verbs
Infinitive Past simple Past participle Infinitive Past simple Past participle
be was were been fly /flaɪ/ flew /fluː/ flown /fləʊn/
/biː/ /wɒz/ /wɜː(r)/ /bɪn/ /biːn/
forbid forbade forbidden
become /bɪˈkʌm/ became /bɪˈkeɪm/ become /bɪˈkʌm/ /fə(r)ˈbɪd/ /fə(r)ˈbæd/ /fə(r)ˈbɪd(ə)n/

begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ began /bɪˈɡæn/ begun /bɪˈɡʌn/ forget forgot forgotten

/fə(r)ˈɡet/ /fə(r)ˈɡɒt/ /fə(r)ˈɡɒt(ə)n/
bend /bend/ bent /bent/ bent /bent/
forgive forgave forgiven
bet /bet/ bet /bet/ bet /bet/ /fə(r)ˈɡɪv/ /fə(r)ˈɡeɪv/ /fə(r)ˈɡɪv(ə)n/

bite /baɪt/ bit /bɪt/ bitten /ˈbɪt(ə)n/ freeze /friːz/ froze /frəʊz/ frozen /ˈfrəʊz(ə)n/

break /breɪk/ broke /brəʊk/ broken /ˈbrəʊk(ə)n/ get /ɡet/ got /ɡɒt/ got /ɡɒt/

bring /brɪŋ/ brought /brɔːt/ brought /brɔːt/ give /ɡɪv/ gave /ɡeɪv/ given /ˈɡɪv(ə)n/

build /bɪld/ built /bɪlt/ built /bɪlt/ go /ɡəʊ/ went /went/ gone /ɡɒn/

burn burned burnt burned burnt grow /ɡrəʊ/ grew /ɡruː/ grown /ɡrəʊn/
/bɜː(r)n/ /bɜː(r)nd/ /bɜː(r)nt/ /bɜː(r)nd/ /bɜː(r)nt/
hang /hæŋ/ hung /hʌŋ/ hung /hʌŋ/
buy /baɪ/ bought /bɔːt/ bought /bɔːt/
have /hæv/ had /hæd/ had /hæd/
catch /kætʃ/ caught /kɔːt/ caught /kɔːt/
hear /hɪə(r)/ heard /hɜː(r)d/ heard /hɜː(r)d/
choose /tʃuːz/ chose /tʃəʊz/ chosen /ˈtʃəʊz(ə)n/
hide /haɪd/ hid /hɪd/ hidden /ˈhɪd(ə)n/
come /kʌm/ came /keɪm/ come /kʌm/
hit /hɪt/ hit /hɪt/ hit /hɪt/
cost /kɒst/ cost /kɒst/ cost /kɒst/
hold /həʊld/ held /held/ held /held/
cut /kʌt/ cut /kʌt/ cut /kʌt/
hurt /hɜː(r)t/ hurt /hɜː(r)t/ hurt /hɜː(r)t/
deal /diːl/ dealt /delt/ dealt /delt/
keep /kiːp/ kept /kept/ kept /kept/
dig /dɪɡ/ dug /dʌɡ/ dug /dʌɡ/
know /nəʊ/ knew /njuː/ known /nəʊn/
do /duː/ did /dɪd/ done /dʌn/
lay /leɪ/ laid /leɪd/ laid /leɪd/
draw /drɔː/ drew /druː/ drawn /drɔːn/
lead /liːd/ led /led/ led /led/
dream dreamed dreamt dreamed dreamt
/driːm/ /driːmd/ /dremt/ /driːmd/ /dremt/ learn learned learnt learned learnt
/lɜː(r)n/ /lɜː(r)nd/ /lɜː(r)nt/ /lɜː(r)nd/ /lɜː(r)nt/
drink /drɪŋk/ drank /dræŋk/ drunk /drʌŋk/
leave /liːv/ left /left/ left /left/
drive /draɪv/ drove /drəʊv/ driven /ˈdrɪv(ə)n/
lend /lend/ lent /lent/ lent /lent/
eat /iːt/ ate /eɪt/ eaten /ˈiːt(ə)n/
let /let/ let /let/ let /let/
fall /fɔːl/ fell /fel/ fallen /ˈfɔːlən/
lie /laɪ/ lay /leɪ/ lain /leɪn/
feed /fiːd/ fed /fed/ fed /fed/
light lit lighted lit lighted
feel /fiːl/ felt /felt/ felt /felt/ /laɪt/ /lɪt/ /laɪted/ /lɪt/ /laɪted/

fight /faɪt/ fought /fɔːt/ fought /fɔːt/ lose /luːz/ lost /lɒst/ lost /lɒst/

find /faɪnd/ found /faʊnd/ found /faʊnd/ make /meɪk/ made /meɪd/ made /meɪd/

148 THAT’S ENGLISH!

List of Irregular Verbs
Infinitive Past simple Past participle Infinitive Past simple Past participle
mean /miːn/ meant /ment/ meant /ment/ sleep /sliːp/ slept /slept/ slept /slept/

meet /miːt/ met /met/ met /met/ smell smelled smelt smelled smelt
/smel/ /smeld/ /smelt/ /smeld/ /smelt/
outrun /ˌaʊtˈrʌn/ outran /aʊtˈræn/ outrun /ˌaʊtˈrʌn/
speak /spiːk/ spoke /spəʊk/ spoken /spəʊkən/
oversee oversaw overseen
/ˌəʊvə(r)ˈsiː/ /ˌəʊvə(r)ˈsɔː/ /ˌəʊvə(r)ˈsiːn/ spend /spend/ spent /spent/ spent /spent/

pay /peɪ/ paid /peɪd/ paid /peɪd/ spill spilled spilt spilled spilt
/spɪl/ /spɪld/ /spɪlt/ /spɪld/ /spɪlt/
prove proved proved proven
/pruːv/ /pruːvd/ /pruːvd/ /ˈpruːv(ə)n/ spit /spɪt/ spat /spæt/ spat /spæt/

put /pʊt/ put /pʊt/ put /pʊt/ spoil spoiled spoilt spoiled spoilt
/spɔɪl/ /spɔɪld/ /spɔɪlt/ /spɔɪld/ /spɔɪlt/
quit /kwɪt/ quit /kwɪt/ quit /kwɪt/
spread /spred/ spread /spred/ spread /spred/
read /riːd/ read /red/ read /red/
stand /stænd/ stood /stʊd/ stood /stʊd/
ride /raɪd/ rode /rəʊd/ ridden /ˈrɪd(ə)n/
steal /stiːl/ stole /stəʊl/ stolen /ˈstəʊl(ə)n/
ring /rɪŋ/ rang /ræŋ/ rung /rʌŋ/
stick /stɪk/ stuck /stʌk/ stuck /stʌk/
rise /raɪz/ rose /rəʊz/ risen /ˈrɪz(ə)n/
strike struck struck stricken
run /rʌn/ ran /ræn/ run /rʌn/
/straɪk/ /strʌk/ /strʌk/ /ˈstrɪkən/
say /seɪ/ said /sed/ said /sed/
swear /sweə(r)/ swore /swɔː(r)/ sworn /swɔː(r)n/
see /siː/ saw /sɔː/ seen /siːn/
swim /swɪm/ swam /swæm/ swum /swʌm/
sell /sel/ sold /səʊld/ sold /səʊld/
swing /swɪŋ/ swung /swʌŋ/ swung /swʌŋ/
send /send/ sent /sent/ sent /sent/
tear /teə(r)/ tore /tɔː(r)/ torn /tɔː(r)n/
set /set/ set /set/ set /set/
take /teɪk/ took /tʊk/ taken /ˈteɪkən/
sew sewed sewed sewn
/səʊ/ /səʊd/ /səʊd/ /səʊn/ teach /tiːtʃ/ taught /tɔːt/ taught /tɔːt/

shake /ʃeɪk/ shook /ʃʊk/ shaken /ˈʃeɪkən/ tell /tel/ told /təʊld/ told /təʊld/

shine shined shone shined shone think /θɪŋk/ thought /θɔːt/ thought /θɔːt/
/ʃaɪn/ /ʃaɪnd/ /ʃɒn/ /ʃaɪnd/ /ʃɒn/
throw /θrəʊ/ threw /θruː/ thrown /θrəʊn/
shoot /ʃuːt/ shot /ʃɒt/ shot /ʃɒt/
understand understood understood
show showed showed shown /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstænd/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstʊd/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstʊd/
/ʃəʊ/ /ʃəʊd/ /ʃəʊd/ /ʃəʊn/
undertake undertook undertaken
shrink /ʃrɪŋk/ shrank /ʃrænk/ shrunk /ʃrʌŋk/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈteɪk/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈtʊk/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈteɪkən/

shut /ʃʌt/ shut /ʃʌt/ shut /ʃʌt/ wake /weɪk/ woke /wəʊk/ woken /ˈwəʊkən/

sing /sɪŋ/ sang /sæŋ/ sung /sʌŋ/ wear /weə(r)/ wore /wɔː(r)/ worn /wɔː(r)n/

sink /sɪŋk/ sank /sæŋk/ sunk /sʌŋk/ win /wɪn/ won /wʌn/ won /wʌn/

sit /sɪt/ sat /sæt/ sat /sæt/ write /raɪt/ wrote /rəʊt/ written /ˈrɪt(ə)n/

THAT’S ENGLISH! 149

Audio Scripts
Audio Scripts
UNIT 1. HOW ARE YOU FEELING TODAY?
READING (page 10)
Activity 1a
1
Speaker 1
I’m normally a very calm person, but when I see people
driving stupidly or dangerously I get soooooo angry. I just
feel pure rage and I can’t control my anger. I just want to
(wanna) shout and scream at the idiots!
Speaker 2
Our home was flooded last year during the terrible rains.
I remember sitting in my home surrounded by water and
just feeling total despair. I couldn’t even cry, I was so upset.
I just lost all hope. We’d lost everything. Everything we had
was destroyed.
Speaker 3
I’ve been lucky so far, no one close to me has died and so
I’ve never experienced personal grief from losing a loved
one, but my best friend lost her mother last year, and she
just couldn’t stop crying. It took her a long time to get over
her grief, and she still misses her mother every day.
Speaker 4
Our 4-year-old daughter was missing, lost for two hours one
day last year, and we were so worried. We thought something
terrible had happened to her. The police told us to wait. They
were the longest two hours of my life. You can’t imagine the
relief I felt when the police found her and she was well and safe.
SKILLS WORK (page 15)
Activities 4a and 4b
6 the stress was considerable.
Conversation 1
Charo: Yes, I would say that this article is true about Mark.
The more upset he is about something, the less he
wants to talk about it. Isn’t that true, darling?
Mark: Yes, I suppose so.
Charo: But I’m the opposite. If my day has gone badly, I’ll
start pouring my heart out about it immediately as
soon as I get home. I’ll talk and talk and tell Mark all
about it, even if I know he’s not listening properly
because it makes me feel better. If something really
upsets me or distresses me, I’ll burst into tears. I’ll
go somewhere and just sob and sob, but that makes
me feel better. It brings me relief. But Mark isn’t
like that at all. The way he copes with his emotions
is to keep them inside. It took me a long time to
understand that. It used to hurt my feelings that he
wouldn’t talk to me about how he felt, but now, I
understand it more and I try to leave him alone.
Mark: Oh, do you?
Charo: Don’t say you haven’t noticed?
Mark: Yes, of course I have. And I know I can be
frustrating to live with! Charo is from a big
close Spanish family. She’s got five brothers and
sisters and everyone always seems to be crying
and laughing and hugging all the time, but in my
English family, we never talked about how we felt.
It was something you just didn’t do.
Conversation 2
Gianni: In our relationship, I feel like I’m the emotional
one, not Sunita. She’s a much calmer, more
150
self-controlled person than I am. For example,
if I get a bad review for a performance, it can
really affect me. Sometimes the critics are really
unfair and I’ll be beside myself with rage about
something one of them said.
Sunita: Yes, and when he’s like that, I know it’s best to leave
him alone! But that’s just work and, as far as I can see,
they’re all like that at the opera. Someone’s always
either over the moon about their latest role or latest
success or in pieces on the floor because a rehearsal
went badly or something. They’re all drama queens,
the lot of them! But it goes with the job. It gets a bit
tiring sometimes when Gianni brings it home, but I
like the way he can express his emotions because
it’s true that it’s more difficult for me.
Gianni: Yes, when Sunita’s father died, for example, it hit
her really hard, but she couldn’t talk about it. She
couldn’t go to India for the funeral because there
wasn’t time, and she was just sort of paralysed
with grief for about a month.
Sunita: Yes, and then Gianni made me take some time off
work and bought me a ticket to Mumbai so I could
at least go and see my family. I went to where
dad was cremated to say goodbye to him and, of
course, that’s when I started feeling better.
SELF TEST (page 112)
Activity 7
7
Speaker 1
I was delighted with my new home in the beginning. It
was the first house I had ever bought, and I was extremely
proud of it. After a while though, when all the problems
began, I soon became very depressed. And what problems
they were! I was lucky though, as fortunately, I had some
extra money and was able to fix everything in the end, but
Speaker 2
As I sat in the chair I started to remember the events of the
previous year with a chuckle. I closed my eyes and for a
minute I was back at my old job again, and surprisingly, I
was happy!
UNIT 2. IT’S JUST GOOD MANNERS
LANGUAGE STUDY (page 22)
Activities 1a, 1b and 1c
9
Speaker 1
I’ll often make a list before I go out, but I won’t always
follow it. I try to use the farmer’s market and buy from local
producers rather than go to the supermarket, so I’ll buy
the things that look fresh and delicious. I’m also always
looking for bargains, so I’ll sometimes come back with a
sack of potatoes or five kilos of apples or something that I
didn’t plan to buy at all.
Speaker 2
I’ll always visit the kitchens of the establishment before I
eat out anywhere. Sometimes I’ll ask to see them. But if
it’s obvious where the kitchens are, and I can do so without
being noticed, I’ll just put my head round the door and take
a look – I’ve seen some interesting sights I can tell you! But
if I’m happy with the kitchen, I’ll eat there. I love variety and
I’m constantly trying new places.
Speaker 3
I’ll usually get to the airport with lots of time to spare
THAT’S ENGLISH!
because I hate the stress of being late and I’ll check in
immediately. I’ll almost always only have hand luggage. I
travel a lot so I’m always experimenting with ways to carry
as little luggage as possible. I’ll try to find somewhere to
eat before I get on the plane because that means I can just
sleep during the flight.
SKILLS WORK (page 25)
Activity 3
11
Laila: So Dr Singh, what did you find out about
Sentinelese customs and habits?
Sanjay: Well, they really do seem to live like we think that
humans lived 15,000 years ago. For example,
they do use fire when it’s caused naturally, say
by lightening, but they will guard their fires very
jealously because they don’t yet know how to
make fire themselves.
Laila: Really? That’s incredible!
Sanjay: Yes. They don’t seem to have a formal social
structure either, or perhaps we just haven’t
understood it. Nor do they seem to have any kind
of chief or leader or anything like a witch-doctor.
Laila: No leaders, eh? That’s… well, in fact that’s difficult
to understand. How do they organise things if
there are no leaders?
Sanjay: Well, that’s just it.They don’t really need to organise
anything. In a way, they live in a kind of paradise.
Everything they need is there – for food there are
the fruits and wild pigs and lizards in the jungle,
the fish in the sea. They don’t have to cope with
bad weather – it’s warm sunny weather most of
the time so they don’t need to worry about clothes
or shelter. They build huts from palm branches but
they aren’t very strong. I think that their society
hasn’t evolved because it simply hasn’t needed to.
Laila: So they lead an ideal life then?
Sanjay: In a way, but it would seem very primitive to us.
For example, their songs have only two notes and
they can only count up to two, everything above
two they simply refer to as many. The only form of
art they have is body painting.
Laila: And they’re really not interested in or curious
about other people or other ways of life?
Sanjay: The truth is, we just don’t know. We have absolutely
no idea what they are thinking. We just don’t know
them enough to even begin to understand them.
They certainly want to protect their island from
strangers and that’s understandable.
SPEAKING (pages 26-27)
Activities 2a and 2b
12
Most English swearwords are usually related either
to religion, to sex or to bodily functions – I think that’s
probably the same in most cultures. In my experience,
it’s useful to understand and recognise swearwords in a
foreign language, but personally I’d never swear in another
language unless I felt very comfortable with the people I
was with. Absolutely no way!
Two common fairly mild swearwords that British people
use are bloody and hell. Bloody is religious in origin: it
is a contraction of by our Lady, our Lady being of course
The Virgin Mary, Jesus’s mother, but funnily enough most
people don’t know that. They just use the word because of
the way it sounds. It’s what we call an expletive – a word
you use to make an exclamation – the hard b sound feels
THAT’S ENGLISH!
satisfying to say when you feel annoyed about something
– My bloody train was late again! Or, My bloody boss won’t
give me a pay rise. It helps to express your feelings. Hell
also has a religious meaning, but these days people simply
use it to add emphasis to a sentence – showing they’re
angry or frustrated or just surprised – What the hell was
that? Or, What the bloody hell do you think you’re doing?
But, be careful: just because these expressions are quite
common doesn’t mean that people won’t be offended by
them. Generally speaking it’s safer, if you must express
yourself forcefully, to use exclamations like Why on earth
did they do that? Or, What in heaven’s name are they doing
now, the idiots? But let us not forget that you can also
express your negative feelings about someone forcefully,
but without swearing, by using expressions like the last
or the dreaded, for example, He’s the last person I would
consider employing or Don’t look now, but the dreaded
Sam is coming! Everybody run!
So, to sum up, it’s important to remember that swearing is
a very personal thing and what is acceptable for you might
be taboo for another person. So, as my mother used to
say, ‘For goodness sake, mind your language!’
Activities 5a and 5b
14
There are many big differences between British and
Japanese culture, but in my experience, there are also some
attitudes that we share. Generally speaking, the Japanese
are rather reserved formal people who don’t invade each
others’ personal space. Adults don’t often hug or kiss
each other, and we usually bow rather than shake hands.
Funnily enough, the British also used to have a reputation
for being reserved, but this has changed over the last 20-30
years, and they’ve generally become much more laid-back.
Take, for example, the way they have adopted the habit of
kissing their friends in greeting whereas, for the Japanese,
public displays of affection are embarrassing – a kiss on
the cheek is a very intimate gesture and definitely not
something you do in public.
Not only are the Japanese more reserved than the British,
but we also have some very different social attitudes.
Japanese society is collectivist. It’s important to be
deferential towards authority figures and fit in to the groups
you belong to – your family, your school or university, your
company – and the way you behave is influenced by the
expectations of the group. This is in contrast to Britain and
Europe, which are individualistic.
But let us not forget that the British, like the Japanese, often
prefer indirect communication. For example, we will avoid
saying what we think if we believe it will hurt or offend. For
us, it’s a question of being sensitive to others’ feelings and
of preserving social harmony. The other trait we share is a
tendency to be a bit eccentric. This is visible for example in
having a strong street culture where young people dress
up in crazy original ways. All in all, I think as two island
cultures, we have more in common than you might think.
UNIT 3. A BRIGHT FUTURE
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 32-33)
Activities 3a and 3b
16
Welcome to our tour of the Highlands. Let me run through
our itinerary for the day. First of all, we’ll be stopping for
a traditional Scottish breakfast at the famous Jeannie
McKenzie’s café. Next, we’ll be visiting a whisky distillery
where you’ll be able to sample Scotland’s delicious famous
drink. By the way, we’ll be passing through some lovely
countryside on the way there, so if it isn’t raining, you
151
Audio Scripts
might want to take some photos for the album. Then, we’ll them. That little boy obviously loves learning and it would
be spending the rest of the day in… be wrong not to encourage him.
Activity 5a Speaker 2
To be honest, it all depends on what you think is important
17
in life. Status, career, qualifications are all very well but they
Every day it seems that computers are able to do more and
don’t necessarily lead to personal fulfilment or a happy
more things. By the time I retire, I imagine that computers
home life. If I had kids, I’d want them to value people not
won’t just be used for work and recreation anymore. In fact,
just for their academic ability, but for their character or other
I think they’ll even have replaced real people in many areas abilities. Many people could get more pleasure from creating
of life. But this won’t really affect me because I’ll only be a beautiful garden than being a successful executive. We
using my computer to do the same as I do now – listen to should value all types of ability not just academic ability.
music and watch films. Oh, and to Skype with my family,
and of course to do my shopping, and to pay my bills. Oh, Speaker 3
and also to book my holidays, and… oh, yes, well, maybe There’s nothing new in this situation, but no one seems
it isn’t just the future that will be affected. I hadn’t even to be learning from the past here. I can think of numerous
thought about the present! examples of poor children who were taught at home by
pushy parents and ended up being unhappy adults. Ruth
Activity 6b Lawrence, for example – she was the youngest ever
19 person to study at Oxford at the age of 12! She did a PhD
1 mad made as a teenager and then she fell out with her parents and
2 us use emigrated and didn’t speak to them for years. So, no. Let
3 strip stripe children be children while they can.
4 bit bite Speaker 4
5 cut cute If you ask me, it’s all down to whether parents are using
6 rat rate common sense. Most parents are decent human beings and
want the best for their kids, so yeah – if the kid seems happy,
Activities 7a and 7b then the parents are obviously doing a good job. If the
21
parents can access specialised schooling through joining a
Liz: Would you like some more coffee? group, then it’s a good idea – otherwise the boy is going to
be bored and miserable. At the end of the day, parents have
Penny: No, I’m fine thanks. Oh, by the way, I found these
to do what they think is best and take no notice of people
old photos the other day of when we went to who criticise – they’re probably just jealous!
Venice that time – here you are.
Liz: Oh, wow! Look at my hair! What on earth am I SELF TEST (page 114)
wearing? It looks like a curtain! Activity 1
Penny: I remember that dress very well – it was orange
and yellow. 24
Liz: Ugh, it was horrible! Look, here’s one of us visiting Simon Jenkins: Good morning, Ms Knox. Thanks for
the glass factory at Murano. coming down to see me.
Penny: Really? Let’s see. I don’t recall going there at all. Isabel Knox: Good morning, Mr Jenkins. My pleasure.
Liz: Yes, you must do. Look, here we are with the Simon Jenkins: So, I’d like to discuss the university’s
souvenirs we bought there. I’ve still got that blue strategic plan for the next two years.
vase. Isabel Knox: Yes, well, since we last met I’m pleased
Penny: No, I have no recollection of that trip at all. Here’s to report there have been a number of
one of us in the square, yes, I do recall visiting St. developments. We are opening a new
Mark’s and feeding all the birds there. science laboratory on 5 April and we are
starting building new accommodation
Liz: Well, I don’t recall that at all. Maybe my memory
blocks in July.
is getting worse with age.
Simon Jenkins: Really? So soon? I thought you had
Penny: Think mine is too. This one is of me with that silver
a problem with the funding for the
necklace I bought on the Ponte Vecchio. I still wear accommodation.
it a lot. It always reminds me of being young and
having fun. Isabel Knox: Yes, we did but fortunately someone has
left us a large sum of money, so we can
Liz: Ah well, time moves on. Anyway, what about our definitely go ahead in July.
next holiday in Mexico? Have you got the online
Simon Jenkins: Excellent. Now, regarding the Government’s
tickets yet?
policy on encouraging more students to
Penny: Yes, just let me retrieve the information on the study science, any progress there?
computer and print it for you. Just a sec...
Isabel Knox: Well, at the latest academic board meeting
SKILLS WORK (page 35) it was fully discussed, and we are going to
set up a team to visit schools in the local
Activity 3 area and demonstrate some experiments.
23 That kind of thing.
Speaker 1 Simon Jenkins: And when can we expect that to start?
Well, if it was a case that the parents were forcing the child Isabel Knox: Erm, well, we don’t have a definite date.
to study reading and science as a baby, then I’d be against It’s still in the planning stages.
it, of course. But anyone who’s got kids knows that with Simon Jenkins: Hmm, I see. What about any other ideas?
your average child there’s no way that would work – they’d Isabel Knox: We are going to run a science competition
just take no notice or run off. You can’t make a small child for schools, but the details haven’t been
concentrate if they’re not interested, so I say good luck to finalised.

152 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Simon Jenkins: Well, I’d like that to be confirmed soon.
Isabel Knox: Oh, and we are having a series of science
open days, uh ... free food, tours of the
university for teenagers, etc.
Simon Jenkins: Erm... Good, when do they start?
Isabel Knox: Next month on the 12th. It should be really...
UNIT 4. EVERY LITTLE BIT HELPS
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 42-43)
Activities 2a and 2b
26
Conversation 1
Nick: Hi, you must be Mandy. How’s it going? I’m Nick
Lomas.
Mandy: Hi there, Nick. I’m good, thanks.
Nick: Well, Mandy, as you know, I’m a lifestyle coach
and trainer, and I want to help you get back on
track with fitness. So, can I just take a few details?
OK, so tell me about your lifestyle at the moment.
Mandy: Well, I like to think I’m really quite healthy, you
know, I just need a little help in a few areas.
Nick: I see. OK, well, let’s start with diet. Tell me about
that.
Mandy: I’m really into healthy eating, five fruit and veg a day,
and I love to cook every day from fresh ingredients.
Nick: Great – so you cook fresh food yourself every day.
Mandy: Well, to be honest, it’s not every day, or even every
week at the moment – I’m a bit busy right now.
Nick: Right, so, what do you actually eat?
Mandy: If you must know, I love eating Mexican food – just
can’t get enough of it from that takeaway in town.
Nick: Uhuh. Well, I regret to inform you that’s not very
healthy! Can I ask about exercise?
Mandy: Well, that’s the problem you see. It’s not really
happening. I tried joining the gym, but it was soooo
boring. So, I stopped going. I regret stopping now,
though.
Nick: I see. What about swimming?
Mandy: Yeah, well I tried to learn to swim, but I gave up.
Nick: Right. We need to try and find something you
really enjoy.
Conversation 2
Jo: Come on, Callum. Hurry up – we’re going to miss
the plane if we don’t catch this bus.
Callum: OK, OK. Uh... Look, can we just check we’ve got
everything on the way to the bus stop?
Jo: Right... , yeah... . I remembered to bring the
passports – they’re in my bag. I’ll never forget
leaving my passport behind that time I went to
volunteer at that peace camp in Africa!
Callum: Cheers. You’ve got the tickets, right? I remember
seeing them on the table.
Jo: Yes, that’s fine. Oh! What about the travel money?
Callum: I’ve got it, though I nearly forgot to pick it up
yesterday.
Jo: Have you got the travel insurance?
Callum: No, I thought you had it.
Jo: I thought you had it. Oh, let’s stop to check. Oh
brilliant, it’s here after all.
Callum: Hey, we’d better stop talking and start running.
Here comes the bus!
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Activities 4a and 4b
27
Emma: How was the meal last night?
Alex: It was great, thanks. A really good evening apart
from one thing.
Emma: Which was?
Alex: We had all agreed to split the bill but then Matt had
to rush off. I’m annoyed at his forgetting to pay.
Emma: Well, yes, I can imagine you would be annoyed at
him forgetting to pay! Has that happened before?
Alex: Yes, once or twice. That’s why I’m upset. It’s not fair.
Emma: Hm... Do you mind me making a suggestion?
Alex: Why on earth would I mind your making a
suggestion? Of course, I don’t.
Emma: Why not ask everyone to give some cash to you at
the start of the meal?
Alex: Yes, that’s a good idea.
Activities 6a, 6b and 6c
28
Conversation 1
A: Excuse me, would you mind lifting my suitcase down?
B: Not at all. There you are.
Conversation 2
A: Could you lend a hand with moving these books?
B: Yes, of course.
Conversation 3
A: Give me a hand with this box, would you?
B: Sure, no problem.
Conversation 4
A: Could you possibly post this letter for me?
B: Certainly.
Conversation 5
A: Will you please tidy up?
B: All right, OK.
Conversation 6
A: Don’t forget to bring some milk on your way home, will
you?
B: Don’t worry, I won’t forget.
SKILLS WORK (page 45)
Activities 1a and 1b
29
Interviewer: Next up is the issue of food waste and helping
those in food poverty. Leo Jarvis is here to tell us
about an exciting new initiative that’s sweeping
the country – The Real Junk Food Café. 47 such
cafés have opened up in the last year. But, Leo,
surely eating junk food isn’t such a good idea?
Leo Jarvis: That’s right, but The Real Junk Food Café
has nothing to do with junk food like burgers
and fries – that’s just a joke. The junk food in
question is waste food from supermarkets
which is destined for the rubbish bin.
Interviewer: Hang on, isn’t that a bit dangerous?
Leo Jarvis: No, not at all because the first Real Junk Food
Café in Leeds has fed over 10,000 people and
no one has ever been ill. The thing is the food
they use in the café – over 20 tonnes of it – is
still perfectly fresh and it hasn’t reached its ‘use
by’ date. Supermarkets are just too cautious.
Interviewer: I see. So, how does it work?
Leo Jarvis: Well, the café owners are passionate about
153
Audio Scripts
reducing food waste and helping those
in need, so they have a ‘pay what you can’
policy. They serve soup, casseroles and cakes
all made from the donated ingredients. If you
can’t pay, you can do the washing-up!
Interviewer: Surely they don’t make much money then?
Leo Jarvis: Surprisingly, they made a profit of £30,000
last year, and of course, they don’t pay for the
raw materials.
Interviewer: How did it all begin?
Leo Jarvis: A number of chefs wanted to bring communities
together and stop the million tonnes of food
being wasted each year, which is happening
alongside the huge growth in food banks.
There are now 272 in the UK.
Interviewer: Why has there been such a rise in food poverty?
Leo Jarvis: Well, food prices have risen by 47% since
2003, so buying food takes up a larger part
of the household budget. And changes to
welfare benefits have affected many people
negatively. The Real Junk Food Café aims to
help some of those affected as well as raise
awareness.
Interviewer: It certainly sounds like a great idea. Thank
you, Leo, and...
SPEAKING (pages 46-47)
Activities 2a, 2b and 3
31
Richard: Right everyone, I’d like to start by addressing the
first item on the agenda which is how to allocate
the money raised from the society’s annual
dinner and dance. The profits this year were a
splendid three thousand and eighty pounds, so
well done to all those who worked so hard.
Laura: Well, we might consider giving it to the local
children’s theatre project as I believe they do a
very good job.
Richard: Mmm... Do you have any thoughts, Mervyn?
Mervyn: As far as I’m concerned, that’s not really a high
priority. Helping people with serious diseases
appeals to me more than wasting money on
children having fun.
Richard: How do you feel about that Laura?
Laura: To be honest, that’s not how I see it at all. It’s not
just having fun as you call it. The theatre project
gives a lot of help to children with emotional
problems and builds their confidence. I think it’s
marvellous.
Mervyn: I couldn’t disagree more. That’s what schools
are for – to build children’s confidence and
teach them creative subjects. There are far more
serious needs in the community. How about
tackling gang culture in the inner city? That’s far
more important.
Richard: Sorry, can I come in here? We decided at the
last meeting that we should divide the money
between at least two organisations.
Activities 4a and 4b
32
Richard: Sorry, can I come in here? We decided at the
last meeting that we should divide the money
between at least two organisations.
Mervyn: Fair enough, but I can’t agree to give it to some
ridiculous arts project. Nowadays, people think
up all sorts of crazy ideas and get charitable status
154
for them when in fact, they aren’t really helping
with anything vital. It’s a misuse of funds.
Laura: Um... Could I just say something here? Are
you accusing the arts theatre of wasting public
money? That’s a very serious accusation.
Mervyn: Sorry, I think you’ve misunderstood me. I was
just making the point that we need to make sure
we donate the money to organisations that are
addressing real social issues. The arts theatre
may be doing a good job, but I don’t want to give
it our support.
Richard: All the same, that is just your individual point of
view, Mervyn. Wouldn’t you agree all age groups
are entitled to help?
Mervyn: Possibly, but we can’t help everyone. We must
prioritise.
Activities 5a and 5b
33
Richard: Let’s move on then. So Laura, any more
thoughts?
Laura: How about dividing the money three ways?
Then each charity would get at least a thousand
pounds.
Richard: That’s a good idea.
Laura: And as Mervyn is so keen on serious issues, we’d
better forget helping the animal rescue centre or
the old people’s lunch club.
Mervyn: I have no problem with the lunch club. It’s very
popular.
Richard: What about supporting the anti-gang scheme?
Laura: That sounds reasonable to me.
Richard: So, we’re offering help to teenagers and the
elderly. I propose our third charity should be
connected with children – perhaps anti-bullying?
Does everyone agree?
Laura: Good plan.
Mervyn: Fine by me.
Richard: Good, so on to the next item on the agenda…
SELF TEST (page 115)
Activity 5
34
Rachel: Hey Steve, did I tell you I’m planning to climb
Mount Kilimanjaro to raise money for a health
project in Africa?
Steve: Wow! Really? That’s quite a challenge, Rachel.
Rachel: So, I was wondering if you’d sponsor me.
Steve: Of course, put me down for £20.
Rachel: Aw, cheers. Have you ever thought of doing
something like that?
Steve: Me? No, it’s not my kind of thing really. There are
a lot of people in need near at hand.
Rachel: That’s true. But people here might get
embarrassed if you give them a handout.
Steve: Yes, being sensitive goes hand in hand with
offering help.
Rachel: So, are you involved in any projects?
Steve: Yes, I am actually. I’m a volunteer at the food
bank in the city centre. It’s terrible that so many
people are living hand-to-mouth and need food.
Rachel: That’s right. Why can’t they get help from the
government?
Steve: Well, they can but it can take several weeks
and the social security people can’t speed the
process up. Their hands are tied.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Rachel: Oh, that’s terrible. I feel guilty that it’s happening
right here.
Steve: Well, don’t just sit there wringing your hands – get
involved. I’m going to the food bank tomorrow.
Rachel: OK. I’ll come along and lend a hand.
Steve: Brilliant.
REVISION 1
LANGUAGE REVISION (page 49)
Activity 9
35
1 He was wearing a red cape.
2 They used a kind of tap to solve the problem.
3 The floor was a carpet of pine needles.
4 You’ve got the chance to win a couple of bottles.
5 Why would you spend so much on Pete?
SKILLS WORK (page 50)
Activities 3a and 3b
37
Speaker 1
It was just one of those days when nothing seemed to go
right. I was so nervous about the interview that I wasn’t
thinking straight, and I hadn’t left myself enough time
to get organised. I got to the building OK and went into
the room trembling. It wasn’t until I took my coat off that
everyone began to look at me in astonishment. I looked
down and realised I was still wearing my pyjama trousers
with my smart jacket. I could have died! I wish I had
noticed it before. Then I wouldn’t have been standing there
blushing in front of everyone!
Speaker 2
I couldn’t believe it when I was elected. Admittedly, I had
been campaigning, and obviously I thought my ideas
were worthwhile and I had a genuine desire to help the
community, but I was very young and in many ways too
inexperienced. I soon found out when I went to the first
council meeting! Everyone argued with everyone else, and I
ended up totally demoralised by the whole business. It was
impossible to reach an agreement between us, so nothing
got done. It was inevitable that I would leave, and the rest of
them certainly tried hard to make my life miserable.
Speaker 3
I’ve always been a hands-on sort of person, so when
I had the chance to lead the team and make decisions I
was delighted. I’m really in control of what’s happening
and feel we have made tremendous progress over the past
few weeks. I think if you are given responsibility, it’s very
motivating and I certainly have been putting in the hours
to make all this work. The exhibition is next week, and I’m
sure it’s going to be a runaway success.
Speaker 4
I can’t help it, when I see him, I feel so uncomfortable. It’s
just he gives me the creeps with his pale face and sweaty
hands. I really do object to him sniffing constantly and
burping whenever he drinks anything. I can’t stand it if he
gets too close to me, and I’m always relieved if he misses
work for a day. It’s not easy having to sit next to someone
like that all week. There’s supposed to be an office party
next Friday, but I don’t think I’ll go in case he turns up.
Speaker 5
In many ways the situation was hilarious. In fact, it was
like something out of a comedy film. However, I was
the one who had set it all up so when things started to
THAT’S ENGLISH!
go wrong, I was horrified at first. Still, when you see the
photos of that night, it’s clear that everything turned out
for the best despite the best man breaking his arm and the
groom losing his keys. We have all been friends for such a
long time that nothing is really embarrassing, and they all
congratulated me in the end. I was so glad when they got
safely married the next day!
UNIT 5. AS EASY AS 1, 2, 3
LANGUAGE STUDY (page 56)
Activity 2
40
1
A: He has a fortune of fifty-five billion dollars.
B: No, he can’t have! Nobody could have that much money
surely?
A: Well maybe it was fifty-five million, I can’t remember.
2
A: So the answer is 0.0085.
B: It says 0.058 here.
A: Oh yes, sorry, I was looking at the wrong question.
3
A: She’s written 666,666 here but that doesn’t make sense.
B: Let me have a look. Oh, I see. In a lot of European countries,
they write a comma for decimal points. Weird, isn’t it?
A: Oh I see, so this is 666. 666 (point).
B: That’s right.
4
A: Can you give me your number and I’ll put it on my phone?
B: 0150021 (oh-one-five-oh-oh-two-one).
A: 0150021 (oh-one-five-oh-oh-two-one).That’s strange. It’s
almost like my sister’s number. Hers is 0105021 (oh-one-
oh-five-oh-two-one).
5
A: And the city now has 750,000 inhabitants.
B: I thought it was much bigger than that.
A: Sorry, I meant 7,500,000.
6
A: The first one is 0.032 and the second one 0.023 and that’s
all we know at the moment.
Activities 4a and 4b
42
Rolando: So, what are these strange ways of measuring
you have in Britain and America?
Alyson: It’s called the imperial measurement system. The
standards were set by the British weights and
measures act of 1824, and it was used across the
British Empire – that’s where the name comes
from.
Rolando: And what about the measurements themselves?
Alyson: Well, they were systemised in the nineteenth
century, but some of them are very old and date
back to medieval times. They were originally
based on specific things to do with the human
body. For example, an inch, which is 2.54
centimetres, was the length of a thumb. A foot,
which is 12 inches, is about 30 centimetres – or
to be exact 0.3048 metres – was based on the
length of a human foot; the yard...
Rolando: The what?
Alyson: The yard – in imperial measurements, 12 inches
make a foot, three feet make a yard and 1,760
155
Audio Scripts
yards make a mile. The yard was the distance
from the end of a man’s nose to his hand if he
stretches his arm out. A yard is 0.9144 metres –
about 10 centimetres less than a metre – and a
mile is 1.6093 – a bit more than one and a half
kilometres.
Rolando: Right. All very logical, then.
Alyson: Natural rather than logical. Imperial
measurements were mostly in units of 12 or 16
because these are very flexible numbers which
can divide into different fractions. In the imperial
weight system, for example, there are 16 ounces
to the pound and 14 pounds to the stone.
Rolando: Which must have been based on the weight of
some large stone somewhere?
Alyson: I guess so. An ounce is 28.35g, a pound is 0.4536
kilograms, about half a kilogram, and a stone is
6.3503 kilos.
Rolando: 6.3503 kilos, eh? There’s no way I’m going to
remember that! But just why do you still use
these ridiculous measurements when the rest of
the world uses the metric system?
Alyson: Actually, officially both countries switched to
the metric system in the 1970s. But the reason
why the change is so slow is money. Apparently,
changing all the British road signs from miles
to kilometres would cost millions and the
Americans say that, for example, converting the
whole NASA space programme to the metric
system would cost billions.
SKILLS WORK (page 59)
Activities 2a and 2b
45
Kara: I don’t see why just having more data and
numbers should make a difference. Surely it’s
what you do with them that’s important?
Antoine: Of course. On its own the data isn’t anything
special. It has to be analysed so that we can get
information from it.
Kara: Exactly! So what’s new?
Antoine: Well, it’s the fact that we can learn things if we
have more information that we couldn’t have
found out if we had less information.
Kara: Yeah, well, that’s obvious I suppose.
Antoine: Exactly! Take the Obama elections. Say you
wanted to know which candidate single women
under 30 would be likely to vote for? Or, which
candidate university-educated single Asian-
American women under 30 would vote for. In the
past, we had to rely on samples of the population,
and there would probably have been only a couple
of people with those characteristics in it. But if
our data covers all or almost all the population
and we have the skills and resources to analyse
it, which computer programmes can now do
incredibly fast, then the problem disappears.
Kara: But if you really want to find out about what
single Asian-American women like, why not just
study single Asian-American women in the first
place?
Antoine: That’s not the point! The point is that there’s
just a lot more potential to discover all sorts of
things.
Kara: For example?
Antoine: For example researchers have been using
big data to identify infections in new babies.
156
By monitoring all the body’s vital signs – uh,
heartbeat, blood pressure, respiration, etc. –
they can identify a connection between very
minor changes and more serious problems. And
this helps doctors to act earlier and save lives!
Kara: That’s great, but it still won’t necessarily
help doctors to understand the causes of the
problem, will it? I mean it’ll tell the doctors that
this baby is more likely to develop an infection,
but there might be nothing the doctors can do
about it.
Antoine: But all the extra data is helping doctors to
increase their understanding of how infections
develop and so eventually they’ll be able to do
something about them.
Kara: OK. I can see it’s a useful tool. I just don’t think
it’s anything to get excited about.
WRITING (pages 60-61)
Activity 1a
46
Chris: So, thanks everyone for coming. As you know,
there is a government grant of £180,000 but we
have to compete with other schools for it. We need
to show that we need the money the most, and
we have to prepare a proposal for what we would
spend the money on. There have been lots of great
ideas, but we’ve managed to get it down to a final
three, so I’d like the people who suggested them to
present them to the rest of the staff. Umm, Taslim,
perhaps you’d like to start?
Activity 1b
47
Taslim: Thanks Chris, my personal recommendation is that
we invest the money in IT equipment. Obviously,
computing skills are essential in the modern world
and if our students leave St Anne’s with strong
IT skills, this will be a big advantage for them in
the job market. At the moment, as we all know,
our IT facilities are completely inadequate. If we
got to the £180,000, it would pay for a brand new
fully-equipped computer-science lab as well as
30 new laptops. Additionally, if the school invests
this much in new hardware, we would qualify
for an extra grant for up to £100,000 to spend on
interactive whiteboards for the classrooms and
other technical equipment. The whole school and
curriculum would benefit from this, so this is why I
strongly recommend this option.
Chris: Thank you, Taslim. Stuart, would you like to go next?
Stuart: What I would like to propose is spending the
money on redecorating our school buildings and
refurbishing them, especially the gym, the canteen
and other communal areas. Just take a look round at
how shabby, run-down and depressing everything
is! Even if we don’t realise it, I think this affects
our morale. A bright clean cheerful environment
would cheer everyone up and, importantly, it
would give the kids and us something to be proud
of. Kashif Assam’s decorating firm – I’m sure many
of you remember Kashif, who was a student here
a few years ago – has already given us an estimate
for the work and would be prepared to offer us a
considerable discount.
Chris: That’s great, Stuart. Thanks. And finally, Bev.
Bev: I would like to put forward the proposition that
we set up a nurture unit to help some of our most
disadvantaged students.This would need additional
THAT’S ENGLISH!
 money for running costs of course, but from next
year, the local education authority have promised
to give us additional funding as well. It’s common
knowledge that we all have problems with the kids
who are disruptive in class and are often angry
and violent. We know they’re like this because
they’ve got problems at home, and of course, we
all understand this, but we simply don’t have time
to give them what they need and teach a class of
30. A nurture unit would take around 20 of our
most difficult kids for up to 100% of the school day
– decreasing with time as we integrate them back
into the classroom. This would basically give them
some of the care and attention they’ve never had –
starting with a nutritious breakfast at the beginning
of the day. The one at Whalley Grange School has
had some impressive results. I’ve seen...
Activity 5a
48
Taslim: Thanks Chris, my personal recommendation is that
we invest the money in IT equipment. Obviously,
computing skills are essential in the modern world
and if our students leave St Anne’s with strong
IT skills, this will be a big advantage for them in
the job market. At the moment, as we all know,
our IT facilities are completely inadequate. If we
got the £180,000, it would pay for a brand new
fully-equipped computer-science lab as well as
30 new laptops. Additionally, if the school invests
this much in new hardware, we would qualify
for an extra grant for up to £100,000 to spend on
interactive whiteboards for the classrooms and
other technical equipment. The whole school and
curriculum would benefit from this, so this is why I
strongly recommend this option.
Chris: Thank you, Taslim. Stuart, would you like to go
next?
Stuart: What I would like to propose is spending the
money on redecorating our school buildings and
refurbishing them, especially the gym, the canteen
and other communal areas. Just take a look round at
how shabby, run-down and depressing everything
is! Even if we don’t realise it, I think this affects
our morale. A bright clean cheerful environment
would cheer everyone up and, importantly, it
would give the kids and us something to be proud
of. Kashif Assam’s decorating firm – I’m sure many
of you remember Kashif, who was a student here a
few years ago – have already given us an estimate
for the work and would be prepared to offer us a
considerable discount.
Chris: That’s great, Stuart. Thanks.
SELF TEST (page 116)
Activity 3
49
Jean: Li, help me fill in this form to enrol you at the
language school. They want your height and weight.
Li: OK, I’m 1 metre 63 and I weigh 50 kilos.
Jean: What’s that in feet, inches and pounds?
Li: OK, one metre is 39.37 inches. There are 12 inches
in a foot so, I’m 5 foot 4 inches tall, and there are 2
pounds 2 ounces to the kilo, so I weigh 110 pounds!
Jean: Great. The school wants you to pay in advance: that’s
360 dollars. Is that OK?
Li: The exchange rate is one dollar to 6.26 yuan, so
that’s 2,253.92 yuan. Yes, I’ve got that.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT 6. THE GENTLE ART OF PERSUASION
READING (page 65)
Activities 6a and 6b
51
Leonora: I can’t believe how much time I’ve wasted this
morning – it’s so frustrating! Since you seduced
Jason into buying a Mac to replace his old PC,
he’s hardly done any work. He doesn’t know how
to use it properly, and he keeps sending me files
I can’t open or he says he can’t open files I send
him. It’s ridiculous.
Jerry: But why don’t you get a Mac too, Leonora? Then
we wouldn’t have this problem.
Leonora : Oh, for goodness sake, Jerry, don’t start with your
Apple sales pitch on me! There’s absolutely no
good reason for the company to spend an extra
£1,000 on a new computer just so we can look
cool. And frankly, I really don’t see what’s so great
about them – even the design, which you all go
on about, is a bit boring. Just how exactly did the
idea work itself into the collective subconscious
that Macs are so amazing? As far as I can see,
they are overpriced and over-complicated.
Jerry : Oh Leonora, I thought we were finally beginning
to build rapport. I thought we had found
some common ground on which to build our
professional relationship, but when you talk
like this it makes me think there is no hope for
the future! Look, we are essentially a design
company, remember? And Macs are inherently
superior in this respect: almost all designers use
Macs because they are much better for design
work and if Jason wants to do more design work,
he needs to learn to use one. Besides, they’re not
only way more powerful than your average PC,
they are simply made better. A Mac will last a lot
longer so it’s a better investment.
Leonora: No, it won’t because everything will be out of
date in under two years. You Apple fanatics
never keep the same piece of hardware more
than about 18 months. After that, you’ll want to
throw it away and get a more up-to-date model.
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 66-67)
Activities 5a and 5b
53
Samuel: So, you want to reserve the restaurant on the
48th floor for the reception. Is that right, Sir?
Gennadi: That’s right – for three hundred guests. And
we are also interested in reserving the Vienna
ballroom for the evening party.
Samuel: Of course, that would be no problem, Sir, but
given the size of your party, might I suggest our
complete wedding package, which includes the
use of the royal imperial ballroom, restaurant
and roof garden. You can see the brochure here.
Gennadi: Um… Yes, very nice, but that’s a whole floor of
the building. Isn’t that rather a lot of space? And
it would be a lot more expensive, wouldn’t it?
Samuel: Oh I wouldn’t bother about that, Sir, if I were
you. In our experience, nobody minds having a
lot of space. Our clients greatly enjoy the roof
garden. And it’s a very inclusive package, so you
don’t have to worry about paying for any extras.
It’s also much simpler in terms of organisation
because instead of having to deal with lots
157
Audio Scripts
of different people, you can work exclusively
with our wedding planner, who will organise
everything exactly as you wish – right down to
the smallest detail. Wouldn’t you prefer to have
that burden taken off your shoulders?
Gennadi: Well I would, but I think my daughter wants to be
in control and do all the organising herself.
Samuel: I would strongly advise the young lady against
taking on so much work without someone to
help her, Sir. You don’t want her to be too tired
to enjoy her special day, do you? Mira, our
wedding planner, and her team would be there
to advise and most importantly carry out your
daughter’s wishes, but I can assure you that your
daughter would have full control over the actual
decision-making. She wouldn’t have to spend
hours on the phone or waiting in shops but would
be free to get on with other more important things
instead. Why don’t you make an appointment for
her to meet our wedding planner? It’s free and you
are under no obligation. I would be very surprised
if your daughter isn’t delighted to have someone
as experienced as Mira to share her ideas with – I
guarantee you won’t regret it.
Gennadi: Well, I suppose there’s no harm in making an
appointment.
Activities 7a and 7b
54
Lilou: Come on, Ben! You can’t sit around being depressed
forever now, can you? You need to meet someone
else. Why don’t you come out with me and Bill
tonight? We’re going to a party at Abi’s house and you
can meet some of my other friends from the office.
Ben: You mean the same Abi who was at that New Year
party? No way am I going back there again – she
was terrifying! Not that it’s not kind of you to ask me
though.
Bill: Well, come to the football match on Saturday then.
There’s a big group of us going and it’ll be fun.
Ben: Absolutely not! I hate big groups, and actually I hate
football, too. You know that Bill! It’s not that I’m not
grateful for the invitation but watching sport with a
big crowd of people is my idea of hell. I’d rather stay
indoors with a book.
Lilou: Uh, but that’s not going to make you feel any better,
is it? Oh I know, Abi’s starting a book group, you
know it’s like a club where you choose a book and
everyone reads it and then you all meet up to talk
about it. That would be perfect.
Ben: Listen, Lilou, under no circumstances will I ever
voluntarily go back to Abi’s house. Is that clear?
Lilou: Oh for goodness sake, poor Abi, she’s not that
bad! I think you should just sign up for an Internet
dating site. Then you can meet some other people as
miserable and grumpy as you are. Look at this one –
darling.com. I’ll sign you up for it now.
Ben: Over my dead body! I can’t think of anything worse.
And don’t even think about signing me up for
anything behind my back, Lilou. I know what you’re
like.
Bill: But Ben you won’t meet anyone if you never leave
the house, will you? Lilou knows loads of really nice
single girls. Why don’t you let Lilou arrange a blind
date for you?
Ben: Bill, never in a million years would I agree to go on a
blind date. I mean, would you? Look, it’s really kind
158
of both of you to worry about me. I appreciate it, I
really do. But I just need a bit more time. I’m going
out to do some shopping now. Is there anything I
can get you?
Lilou: Thanks Ben, I don’t think we need anything – and
you know what it says in this article I’ve just been
reading. Supermarkets are a really good place to
meet other single people, especially women. You’ll
brush your hair before you go, won’t you? And if
you see an attractive girl, smile at her, OK?
Bill: Yes, come on Ben. Go for it!
SKILLS WORK (page 69)
Activities 3a and 3b
56
Bill: So, the tobacco industry says that the aim of
tobacco advertising is not to seduce young people
into smoking – or to convince smokers to continue
smoking rather than give up – but simply to promote
tobacco products to adults who already smoke.
Ben: That’s right, a spokesman from a multinational
tobacco company said that the tobacco industry
believes that while advertising may influence what
cigarette brand people smoke, it doesn’t actually talk
people into starting or continuing to smoke at all.
Bill: Mmm... Well, I guess they’re in a difficult position,
but if advertising is successful in increasing the sales
and consumption of almost every other product, why
should it suddenly not work for tobacco products?
Ben: Quite. It just doesn’t make sense. After tobacco
advertising was banned in Britain in 2003, the
sales of tobacco products dropped – and so did
the number of smokers – so that proves that the
advertising must’ve been working. And the ad
campaigns about the dangers and health risks of
smoking have been successful in talking people out
of smoking, especially children. Advertising works!
Bill: But is any kind of advertising still legal for the tobacco
industry now? I don’t think they’re even allowed to
sponsor sports events anymore, are they?
Ben: No, it hasn’t been allowed since 2005 in Britain.
And there’s no celebrity endorsement of smoking
anymore either. But the tobacco companies are
now finding new ways to promote their advertising
campaigns – for example on social media sites –
and that’s very difficult to control. And they’ve
started investing a lot in sales pitches for electronic
cigarettes as well.
Bill: Oh yes, of course.
Ben: And they’re also developing new products – for
example slim cigarettes which are particularly aimed
at young women and unwary teenage girls – they
link the idea of smoking with staying thin, which
of course is a very attractive idea for most young
women.
SPEAKING (page 71)
Activity 5a
58
There are five words which are really important to use when
you are trying to persuade someone to do something –
especially if you are trying to sell them something!The first is
you, as in you not me. Studies show that people feel excited
when they hear the word you and that this feeling is even
stronger if they hear their own name! So always try to use
the name of the person you’re trying to persuade. When you
THAT’S ENGLISH!
use someone’s name, they are more likely to have positive Landlady: Well, there’s a small kitchen just through here. I’d
feelings towards you and respond to your message. prefer it if you didn’t keep food in your bedroom
The next important word is free. People just love to get because we have had some problems with mice
something for nothing – they just can’t resist it. In one in the past.
famous study, people were given a choice between a cheap Carl: OK, sounds like a good plan. Yes, I’d like to take
low-quality chocolate or a more expensive higher-quality the room. When can I move in?
chocolate. The first time, the majority chose the expensive Landlady: Anytime next week. Oh, there’s just one more
more delicious chocolate, but when the lower-quality thing. I’d prefer it if you didn’t play loud music
chocolate was offered for free instead of a lower price – at any time. Some of the other tenants work at
guess what, almost everybody chose it! Obviously if you are night, you see…
trying to sell something, you don’t want to give it away for Carl: Right. I’ll bear it in mind then.
free, but you can promise something else for free – such as
free delivery or a free gift if the customer buys another item. Activity 5a
The next important word is because. You need to give 65
reasons for why you want what you want or why you want Betty: Hi, darling. Mwah. Welcome home!
people to do something, such as buying your product. In Phil: Thanks, it’s good to be back.
another famous study of people waiting in a queue, only Betty: How was your flight?
60% said yes to someone who asked to go in front of
Phil: Oh, tiring, you know. I’m getting bored with all this
them, but this number rose to 94% when the person gave
travelling. I just need to put this in my study and
a reason for why they needed to go in front. So, if you are
then I’ll tell you all about it.
selling something, you’ve got to tell people why they need
and want it. You’ve got to tell them the benefits. Betty: Oh, hang on a minute – I’ve got a bit of a surprise for
you in there.
The last two words are instantly and new and I’m giving
them together because they affect us on a subconscious Phil: Ah, right – that sounds interesting.
level. We are programmed to want things now and for this Betty: Well, I just took the opportunity to tidy things up a
reason, instantly and new are very powerful words. Our bit – come and have a look – see, I’ve tidied all your
brain is stimulated by the prospect of immediate rewards papers up so now you can see the desk.
and also by variety. Phil: Well, thanks darling, but I’d rather you hadn’t done
that.
Activity 5b
Betty: Why not, Phil? It was all in a big mess.
59 Phil: Well, actually it wasn’t – I knew where everything
I’m just like you, Richard. I don’t have a lot of money, but I like was. It’s going to take me hours to sort it out.
to use really cutting-edge technology. I expect you thought Betty: Oh dear. I thought you’d be pleased. And look, I’ve
it was impossible to find a really stylish state-of-the-art got you a new chair.
phone for under $100, but you can think again! The new
Phil: Huh? Where’s the old chair?
Motosung17 is the kind of phone you’ve been looking for!
It’s a brand new model and it’s affordable, but its outstanding Betty: I threw it out.
stylish looks will impress your friends and make them Phil: Betty, what have you done? I’d rather you had put
believe you spent much more. It has outstanding bright it in the garage or something. That’s the only chair
clear graphics because of its 540 x 960 screen resolution, that doesn’t give me backache.
and it will give you one full day of use without needing to be Betty: You’re so ungrateful Phil, I was just trying to help.
recharged because of the impressive long battery life. You Phil: No, I’m not ungrateful, but I’d prefer it if you had
don’t need to pay now, and credit is completely free. Just asked me first.
say yes, and you can have one of these exceptional phones Betty: Right, and I’d prefer it if you hadn’t come back!
instantly. So what are you waiting for? Go for it, Richard!
Come and buy one now! SKILLS WORK (page 79)
Activities 2a and 2b
UNIT 7. YOUR CHOICE
69
LANGUAGE STUDY (page 76) Interviewer: Good evening and welcome to Current Trends,
Activity 3a the radio programme that looks at what’s
happening right here, right now! Our first
63 item concerns the growing trend of people
Landlady: Here we are, this is the room. As you can see, rejecting the consumerism philosophy of the
it’s got a desk and plenty of storage space and a 90s. Here to tell us more is Tim Butler, the
lovely view of the park. author of a new book on the subject called
Carl: Yeah, it’s great. Lots of space. So is it OK if I have The Happy Shopper Myth. Tim, tell us more.
friends round? Tim Butler: Hi. Well, I originally trained as a psychologist
Landlady: Yes, of course, you’re bound to have visitors. and worked in brand marketing, but recently I
But I’d rather you didn’t entertain visitors after became interested in the changes in people’s
midnight. My room is just below, you know, and shopping habits and wondered what was
I need my full eight hours’ sleep! behind them.
Carl: No problem. What about using the bathroom? Interviewer: What do you mean?
Landlady: It’s just down here, along the corridor. There’s hot Tim Butler: A few years ago all the major supermarkets
water all day. However, I’d rather you didn’t have were building huge out-of-town stores with
a shower for longer than 10 minutes – otherwise massive car parks. And now some of them are
the other tenants might not get any hot water. standing empty as consumers have decided
Carl: Fair enough. What about cooking facilities? to change their habits – far more people are

THAT’S ENGLISH! 159

Audio Scripts
shopping every couple of days closer to home.
Interviewer: What’s the reason for that?
Tim Butler: Well, consumers realised that buying
everything in one weekly shopping trip led to
waste. They realised if they just bought what
they needed for the next couple of days, they
would in fact save more money than buying
too much food on special offer.
Interviewer: Is that why the discount retailers are doing so
well?
Tim Butler: Yes, partly, because they don’t have special
offers – everything is cheaper but there’s less
choice. There’s been a lot of research done on
the negative effects of too much choice.
Interviewer: Really? I thought choice was a good thing.
Tim Butler: It is but only up to a point. When consumers
are faced with a huge choice they soon
become incapable of making a decision – it’s
too tiring – it’s called ‘decision fatigue’.
Interviewer: ‘Decision fatigue’, I see. So, what’s the answer?
Tim Butler: Shoppers prefer a limited choice – say six types
of jam – and then they feel more satisfied with
their choice than if they had a choice of 20 types.
Interviewer: What about the bigger picture?
Tim Butler: From my research, I found that the happiest
shoppers or consumers are those who spend
their spare income on experiences rather than
luxury goods – you know, travel, concerts,
being creative and learning new skills. So
that’s going to be the next growth area.
Interviewer: Right. So, is this the end of the shopping mall?
Tim Butler: Maybe not just yet, but things are definitely
changing.
SELF TEST (page 118)
Activity 5
70
Simon: So, Maddy, that’s exciting news about the job offer
in Rome. Aren’t you pleased?
Maddy: Well, to be honest Simon, I’m in two minds about it.
Simon: Really? What’s not to like? Sunshine, culture,
fantastic pasta…
Maddy: Yeah, I know but the thing is I really love it here
now – I’ve got the flat really comfortable now and
got to know loads of people.
Simon: Yes, but you can rent the flat out. With the pay rise,
you’ll have your pick of gorgeous flats over there.
It’s only for a year – everyone will want to come
over and visit you in Italy.
Maddy: I know, but I’ve got to tell the boss by the end of the
week. I hate making hasty decisions in case I don’t
make the right choice.
Simon: Well, you don’t realise how lucky you are. I’m
really fed up with my job, but I’ve got no choice –
I’ve got to finish my two year contract.
Maddy: What would happen if you left early?
Simon: I’d have to pay back all my training course fees –
about £10,000 – no way I can do that.
Maddy: Right, you are caught between a rock and a hard
place. Sorry. I shouldn’t complain, should I?
Simon: Not really! OK well, let’s make a list and weigh up
all the options for Rome. So in favour: climate,
fascinating city, exciting culture...
160
UNIT 8. I NEED A HERO!
READING (page 84)
Activities 1a and1b
71
To be honest, I think there’s way too much media attention
given to certain types of people and they’re made into
heroes, but what have they done really? Like celebrities –
yes, they’re entertaining but acting and singing don’t save
lives or help people in trouble. And professional sports
stars – well, nowadays, it’s all big business and earning
huge amounts of money like in football. OK, they’re good
at sport, but they get well-paid for it. I mean it’s not like
they’re soldiers or firefighters risking their lives now, is it?
They’re the proper heroes in my book!
I think there are many unsung heroes in society, who
do essential and very difficult jobs for little pay and no
recognition – like carers. That’s a labour of love – no one’s
in it for the money. And refuse collectors – that’s not my
idea of a pleasant job, but we couldn’t manage without
them – imagine all the rubbish piling up in the streets! Yes,
refuse collectors are definitely my unsung heroes!
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 86-87)
Activity 2c
73
1 What was incredible was that he did it on his own.
2 What is amazing is that so many people want to help.
3 What I think is important is to try your best.
4 What they found was impossible was to do it all.
5 What is unbelievable is that no one knows what to do.
6 What was thrilling was that we raised so much money.
Activities 3a, 3b and 3c
74
Conversation 1
Woman: So, these are the candidates for the Arctic Heroes
Fundraising expedition to the North Pole – we
need to decide who’s going.
Man: Right. It’s difficult ‘cos whoever isn’t chosen will
be shattered by the news, it’s a dream come true
for these people. So, who have we got?
Woman: Well, Harry Jakes performed very well in the
fitness tests, but he’s not good at working in a
team while Sonia Mills did extremely well in all
the tests.
Man: Yes, she did exceptionally well in the team
building exercise. I like Harry, but he’s too
competitive and that could be a disadvantage.
Woman: To be honest, I was disappointed in him – he
didn’t even seem really interested in raising any
money at all.
Man: Well, as we’re both disappointed with Harry,
it looks like Sonia. I imagine Harry will be
disappointed about not going, but we have to
make the best choice for the team.
Conversation 2
Mum: Harry, there’s a letter here for you from the Arctic
Heroes people.
Harry: Great, give it here. What’s this? ‘We are sorry to
inform you that you have not been successful’. Oh
no! I don’t believe it!
Mum: Oh dear! Let me see. Well, it says it was a difficult
choice. You’re bound to be disappointed at their
decision.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Harry: Disappointed! I’m absolutely devastated by it. I
really thought they would choose me.
Mum: Well, I can’t believe it myself. I’m staggered at
their decision. You’re so fit and strong. What were
they thinking? This is quite upsetting I know, but
please don’t get depressed about it. You know
what you’re like.
Conversation 3
Sonia: Hey, Izzy, you’ll never guess what?
Izzy: What?
Sonia: I’ve done it! I’ve got in the Arctic Heroes team!
Hah! It’s amazing!
Izzy: Sonia, that’s fantastic! You must be so pleased
about that.
Sonia: Pleased? I’m absolutely overjoyed at the news.
Woo hoo!
Ed: What’s all the noise about?
Izzy: It’s Sonia. She’s going to the Arctic. She’s delighted
about it.
Ed: That’s awesome, Sonia. Congratulations!
Sonia: Thanks Ed. Just have to tell my parents. They
weren’t exactly overjoyed about me applying, they
think it’s too dangerous. They won’t be thrilled
with the news.
Ed: Really? But don’t they realise you’ll be raising
all that money for a good cause. I think you’re a
real hero. Mind you, even though I’m really glad
for you, I’m even gladder I don’t have to tell your
parents about it. Your dad’s really scary!
Sonia: Oh yeah.
Activities 7a and 7b
75
Last week we looked at the traditional view of the hero as
a strong, brave man like Hercules in Ancient Greece, and
how this evolved into the modern military hero, and today
I’d like to develop that and talk about the hero who fights
against an oppressive government or regime: a freedom
fighter. One of the most famous freedom fighters was of
course Nelson Mandela, who revolutionised South Africa.
Some people, of course, don’t want a revolution but
instead just want justice for certain sectors of society, such
as gay or black people. These activists protest for social
and political change and campaign to change the law.
Apart from politics, some people become heroes for their
charity work. Princess Diana, for example, was a great
modern icon, and she was adored for her kindness to
sick and disabled people. Other folk heroes are admired
because they defend ordinary people and challenge
oppressive authority. They may be fictional, such as Robin
Hood, or real, such as the Spanish warrior, El Cid.
The traditional hero was brave and handsome but in
modern popular culture we also have the rough diamond,
a character who is exactly the opposite. Many TV series
have a rude bad-mannered character as the hero, who
turns out to really be noble and good.
And of course, if we put people on a pedestal, some will fall
off. In modern culture there are many examples of fallen idols,
who were once very much admired but who have lost their
status due to bad behaviour such as drug cheats in sport.
So, let’s look at some examples in greater detail. Nelson
Mandela spent 27 years in prison...
SKILLS WORK (page 89)
Activities 2a and 2b
77
Aiden: Hey Clare, here’s the finalists for the Moment of
Glory this year. Have a look.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Clare: Right... hmmm… Aiden, who do you think’ll win?
Aiden: I don’t know. Doesn’t matter what I think. It’s down
to the public vote.
Clare: Yeah, I know, but come on, you’ve obviously got
an opinion.
Aiden: Well, you know it’s the same old thing every year...
my lovely mum ... blah blah blah.
Clare: That’s a bit unfair. People’s mums are often heroic
in their own way.
Aiden: Maybe, but I’d like to see someone a bit more original
win. Like a... a... an activist for animal rights.
Clare: Whoa – that’s a bit unlikely round here, isn’t it?
Aiden: Or someone who makes people question what
goes on in this town. Someone a bit revolutionary.
Clare: OK. The closest we’ve got to that is this guy,
Johnno. Yes, he’s a bit of a folk hero it says.
Aiden: That’s a start and he’s into the environment and he
takes practical action. Sounds like a good guy to
me. He’d be my first choice.
Clare: Mmm… I’m not so sure. He seems a bit weird.
Some people wouldn’t like him, some of the others
have a bigger impact on the town. I mean Kathy
knows 200 kids by name, and she contributes a lot
of time and money to the school.
Aiden: Yes, but she obviously adores it and she gets a lot
of satisfaction out of it. That’s her reward. She gets
a moment of glory every day at the school. No, not
Kathy.
Clare: All right, then I like the sound of this Gerry. He’s
probably prevented several teenagers from
entering a life of crime and helped hundreds of
kids get fit and learn sports skills. It’s a no-brainer.
Aiden: Fair enough, he‘s cool but I’m sticking with Johnno.
He’s different – a breath of fresh air.
Clare: OK then, we’ll have a bet on it. If Gerry wins, you
have to buy me lunch. And vice versa of course.
Aiden: You’re on!
SPEAKING (pages 90-91)
Activities 2a and 2b
78
Zak: What’s that you’re reading, Annie?
Annie: Oh it’s a book by my personal heroine, Claire Lomas.
Zak: Right. What’s so good about her then?
Annie: She is just the most courageous and determined
person ever.
Zak: Mm... Sounds interesting. Why?
Annie: She was paralysed in a horse-riding accident
and then she overcame her disability in the most
amazing way.
Zak: Oh, you don’t say! What did she do?
Annie: She completed the London Marathon in 2012.
What was fantastic was she was the first person to
ever do a marathon in a bionic suit.
Zak: You mean, like a robot outfit.
Annie: Yes, it supported her and she also used sticks.
Zak: That’s so incredible! I mean, the London Marathon
is a very long way – about 42 km.
Annie: Well, of course it took her 16 days because she
walked very slowly, but she’s reported to have
raised £80,000 for people with walking difficulties.
Zak: Oh! Never!
Annie: There was a downside though. She didn’t get a
medal because she didn’t finish in one day.
Zak: Oh no! What a letdown!
161
Audio Scripts
Annie: Yeah but in the end lots of marathon runners gave Woman: No, he wasn’t.You can’t justify it. What he needed
her their medals! It was really touching. to do was help everyone reach an agreement.
Zak: I have to say, that is extraordinary. I’ll have to Man: Well, maybe…
borrow that book. Woman: Anyway, that’s the trouble with all these folk
Activities 4a and 4b heroes – the truth about them gets lost in the
story telling.
80 Man: Well, he probably was a bit of a rough diamond,
Annie: Anyway, it’s your turn now. Have you got a but people like to believe in ordinary men and
personal hero? women winning against authority.
Zak: Yes I have, or rather, I had, but he turned out to Woman: Yes but people need to be sure what they are
have feet of clay. admiring. I mean, Bonnie and Clyde were just
Annie: So, who was it? bank robbers and murderers really, but they’ve
Zak: When I was younger I totally admired Lance become icons. It’s ridiculous.
Armstrong, you know the cyclist who won the Tour Man: Perhaps you should write a book on all these
de France seven times. people – you know – the truth about our heroes.
Annie: Right. I don’t know much about him really, other Woman: Yeah, perhaps I should. I know, I could call it
than he’s a fallen idol. Fallen Idols.
Zak: You said it! What a letdown! Man: I’m sure you could find plenty to write about.
Annie: So, what‘s the story?
Zak: Well, everyone thought he was a total hero UNIT 9. LET’S HIT THE ROAD
because he’d won the most difficult bike race in the
world seven times and then it was revealed he’d READING (page 95)
been cheating and using banned drugs. That was a Activity 3c
terrible example for kids.
Annie: Too true! 85
Liz: So Vanesa, you had a difficult journey on your way
Zak: What I found most disappointing was he wouldn’t
back from Australia. Is that right?
admit the truth for ages, even when confronted
with the evidence. Vanesa: Yes, we were a bit unlucky!
Annie: Oh dear! Liz: So what happened?
Zak: It was absolutely shattering to realise it had been Vanesa: Well, the first flight out of Worramaloo was
going on for many years. It makes you lose faith in delayed. There were kangaroos on the runway
sports people. apparently, and the plane couldn’t take off! So we
arrived in Sydney very late and we missed our
Annie: You’re so right!
long-haul flight to London!
Activity 5 Liz: Oh no! So what happened?
82 Vanesa: Well, the airline said they would put us on the next
Zak: So, do you think you’ve been influenced by Claire available international flight, which they did, but
Lomas? they didn’t mention that the destination of that
Annie: Yes, she’s made me realise my problems really particular flight was Paris, not London! We only
aren’t that bad. And also that with determination found out when the captain made the first in-flight
people can fulfil their dreams. What about you? announcement.
Zak: Well, I used to be very competitive and think life Liz: Oh dear! So what did you do?
was all about winning like the cyclists. But actually, Vanesa: Well, the cabin crew were very helpful, and they
I realise now that being truthful and doing your said they would make arrangements for us to
best is all you need to do. Winning isn’t everything. change to a connecting flight to London at the
Annie: Maybe you need to find a new hero – someone stopover in Hong Kong, but then we flew into an
whose values you admire. electric storm and there was very bad turbulence.
Zak: Hmm... Definitely! It was really frightening. The plane was shaking
violently, and the lights were going on and off.
SELF TEST (page 119) Liz: That sounds rather alarming.
Activity 5 Vanesa: It was. I was terrified! And then one of those big
food and beverage trolleys came loose and rolled
83 down the aisle of the plane. A flight attendant
Man: So, what did you think of the film then? tried to get control of it and was quite badly hurt.
Woman: Well, it was all right, but I thought the title was The plane had to make an emergency landing
a bit inaccurate, The Last Hero of the Plains. I in Malaysia – passengers were evacuated from
didn’t really think the main character – what’s his the plane by the emergency exits and it was all
name? – Jesse McGinty – was a hero, more of a quite dramatic! We were at quite a small airport
criminal. in Malaysia and couldn’t find places for us all on
Man: Really? I thought he was really heroic, you know, other flights to Europe so after a stopover of about
saving the Native Americans from the stealing of 8 hours, we ended up having to fly back to Sydney
their land. and start all over again.
Woman: Yeah, but he was too violent – attacking all those Liz: Oh no! You must have been exhausted.
people travelling across the plains looking for a Vanesa: Yes, our whole journey took about three days,
better life. that’s why we’ve got such terrible jet lag. But the
Man: Yes, but he was a freedom fighter and sometimes only places they could find for Karen and me were
things get violent when you’re fighting for what in business class so we couldn’t complain. The
is right. on-board catering was fantastic!

162 THAT’S ENGLISH!

LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 96-97)
Activities 2a and 2b
86
Lakshmi: I think the train is the best way to travel in India,
Mr Anders. My advice to you is to take the train.
Mr Anders: OK. I’ve heard that Indian trains go almost
everywhere in the country, is that right?
Lakshmi: Yes, they go everywhere. They are really not
very expensive and since everybody uses
them, it’s a great way to meet people! The only
problem is that if you are travelling by train at
peak times in big cities, the stations can get
very crowded. You might need someone to
help you find the right platform to travel from.
But don’t worry, we can arrange that for you.
Mr Anders: Can you book the tickets for us?
Lakshmi: Of course. It’s a bit complicated because there
are eight different classes of tickets on Indian
trains.
Mr Anders: Eight! Really?
Lakshmi: Yes, but for example, I wouldn’t recommend
that you take a second class ticket. That’s
the lowest fare, but you are in an open-plan
carriage with wooden or plastic seats. There’s
no air conditioning, and they can get very
crowded. I don’t think you would enjoy it.
Mr Anders: OK, what’s the next lowest fare?
Lakshmi: That’s a sleeper class ticket. The carriages are
also open-plan and there are three-tier bunk
beds. You have a good view of the countryside
from the open windows, but there is still no
air conditioning. You aren’t used to the Indian
climate so I would recommend a 2AC ticket.
That stands for two tier, air conditioning. In
these carriages, there are two-tier sleeping
berths which convert into seats during the day.
They have curtains so you have some privacy.
If you can spend more money, then you could
take a 1AC ticket. That stands for first-class, air
conditioning. This is the highest fare. You are
in a compartment with two or four sleeping
berths and a door that you can lock. But I
recommend a 2AC. It’s a comfortable way to
travel without spending too much.
Mr Anders: OK. Thank you very much.
Activities 3a and 3b
87
Extract 1
Woman: Good morning Madam, where are you travelling
to today?
Ruth: Moscow.
Woman: Thank you. Can I ask you some security
questions?
Ruth: Yes, of course.
Woman: Did you pack your bags yourself?
Ruth: Yes.
Woman: Did anybody ask you to carry anything on board
for them?
Ruth: Er... No.
Woman: Have you left your luggage unattended at any
time?
Ruth: No.
Woman: And can you confirm that you are not carrying
any sharp objects, guns, firearms or explosive
devices?
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Ruth: Yes.
Woman: OK, thank you. And do you have any hand
luggage?
Ruth: Just my laptop.
Woman: OK, that’s fine. Here’s your boarding card. Please
go to departure zone F. Your flight will board at
11:45. You’ll need to check the departure board
and listen for announcements to find out which
gate to go to. Have a good trip!
Ruth: Thank you.
Extract 2
Security officer: Are you carrying any liquids or gels,
Madam? Toothpaste? Shampoo?
Ruth: No, only my laptop.
Security officer: Can you take off your scarf please and
put it with your jacket? And your shoes.
Ruth: OK.
Security officer: Thank you. OK, you can go through now.
Are you wearing any jewellery, Madam –
bracelets perhaps?
Ruth: Yes, I’ve got this bracelet.
Security officer: Could you take it off for me and put it
in here? That’s right. Now if you’d like to
walk through again.
Extract 3
This is a call for passengers travelling on Flight BA852
to Moscow, Sheremetovo. Could all passengers please
go to gate 90 where your aircraft is ready for boarding.
Passengers for fight BA852 to Moscow, Sheremetovo,
please go to gate 90 where your aircraft is ready for
boarding.
Extract 4
Woman: Can I see your boarding card please, Madam?
Ruth: I’m sorry, my what?
Woman: Your boarding card. Yes, that’s right. Seat 16D –
down the aisle on your left. The seat next to the
window. You can put your hand luggage in the
luggage locker above the seat.
Ruth: OK, thank you.
Activities 3c and 3d
88
1 Can I ask you some security questions?
2 Did you pack your bags yourself?
3 Did anybody ask you to carry anything on board for them?
4 Have you left your luggage unattended at any time?
SKILLS WORK (page 99)
Activities 3a and 3b
90
Tex: So mass tourism has caused some environmental
problems in Spain, hasn’t it Alba?
Alba: Well, yes it has Tex, but it also contributes 60
billion euros to our economy and creates a lot of
employment.
Tex: But look at what’s happened to some of the coastal
areas in Catalonia and other parts of Spain, too:
they’re covered in concrete hotels and modern
villas now. I’ve seen photos in the 1920s before all
the development and it was so beautiful. Now it’s
all spoiled.
Alba: Yes, some areas were developed too fast. Spain was
a pioneer in the tourist industry. We were the first to
develop mass tourism, so we made some mistakes.
But the important thing is that we’ve learned from
163
Audio Scripts
them. Also what you’ve got to remember is that
some parts of the country were very poor when
tourism started to grow. People had very limited
options – like being a fisherman – and the tourist
industry gave them opportunities they had never
had before. Not everybody benefited of course, but
tourism was one of the industries that has helped –
and still helps – our country to develop.
Tex: The tourist industry in Europe has been badly
affected by the recent economic problems, hasn’t
it? And tourist numbers in Spain have fallen as they
have in other European countries.
Alba: All that is true. Tourism numbers did fall, but
they’re rising again. In fact, last May, according
to The Spanish Institute of Tourism we had record
numbers of visitors – 21.4 million in one month.
And the top four countries they came from were
our nearest neighbours – the French, the British,
the Italians and the Germans, all love coming to
Spain on holiday.
Tex: So why do you think that is?
Alba: Because we’ve been doing tourism for a long time
and I have to say we’re very good at it! We’ve
created a first-class industry based on two great
strengths: good service and good value for money.
And we’ve been very successful in diversifying
our tourism offer. People still come for the sun
and the beaches of course, but we’re also a big
cultural destination now. People come to Spain for
art, culture and gastronomy as well as sports and
adventure tourism. We’re actually one of the world
leaders in developing spa and wellness tourism,
eco-tourism, green initiatives…
Tex: So would you say that the Spanish tourist industry
is quite a progressive one?
Alba: I would certainly say that, Tex. And I would change
the quite to very.
WRITING (pages 100-101)
Activities 2a and 2b
91
Apologising and thanking appropriately shows you are
sincere. This is especially true in English as we constantly
apologise – even when it’s not our fault! Just this morning
a man stepped on my foot, he apologised to me, but I
also apologised to him. It’s just automatic. I know it may
sound ridiculous, but always saying thanks and I’m sorry
is important in English, otherwise people just think you’re
rude. And it’s especially true when writing an apology or
thank you letter.
Choosing the correct register or tone for the situation, that
is, formal or informal, is also important. So, to a friend you
could send a text saying I’m sorry and they’d accept your
apology, but to your boss or a client you’ll sound more
professional if your email includes the phrases I’m awfully
sorry or I do apologise. The same is true when thanking –
I’d just like to thank you for helping is much better than an
informal thanks for that.
Depending on the situation, you may want to intensify
your message. So you might write, I really appreciate your
help, I am most grateful for or how thoughtful, what a
lovely surprise. It’s also good to tell people we appreciate
their help even more because we simply weren’t expecting
it. In these cases we could write thank you, but you really
shouldn’t have.
For an informal apology I’m sorry, I apologise for… are
fine. But we can intensify this by saying – please excuse
my thoughtlessness, or please forgive me for not realising
164
that. You’ll notice that in English we use please a lot! We
also acknowledge responsibility with expressions like, I
should have realised that… or there really is no excuse for
my behaviour.
Anyway, to sum up, remember: even if you think all this
please and thank you sounds ridiculous, in English it’s
totally normal. So the next time someone thanks you for
putting them up in your home, don’t you forget to thank
them for coming and to apologise for the fact that you
couldn’t do more for them!
Activities 3a and 3b
92
Speakers 1A and 1B
Thank you, but you really shouldn’t have.
Speakers 2A and 2B
I do apologise, and I take full responsibility.
Speakers 3A and 3B
Thanks, I really appreciate your help.
REVISION 2
SKILLS WORK (page 105)
Activities 4a and 4b
95
Conversation 1
Presenter: How often do we say ‘If only’ in our lives? In
the studio today we are going to talk to Jack
Strong, who I’m sure you all have heard of.
Singer and songwriter, he’s just been released
from prison after serving six months of a
three-year sentence for tax evasion. Jack, can
you tell us what happened?
Jack: Yeah. Basically, I was pretty stupid. It all started
when I reached number 1 with my album ‘Fatal
Break’. Up to then, Sam had been my manager.
Presenter: Ah, that’s right, you were friends from school,
weren’t you?
Jack: Yes, but then it all went to my head, and I
sacked him and took up with Ken Turner – big
mistake.
Presenter: Why was that?
Jack: Well, it wasn’t till a year afterwards that I
realised that not only had he been stealing
money from me but also giving me papers
to sign that later incriminated me in avoiding
taxes.
Presenter: So, it wasn’t your fault?
Jack: Not exactly, but if I had listened to my old
partner, I wouldn’t be in this situation now –
no money and no fame, except as a criminal.
Conversation 2
Interviewer: So Mr Morgan, tell us a little about your past
employment.
Mr Morgan: Well, as you’ll see from my CV, I studied
physics at university and, when I left, I
caught the start of the IT boom. So, I became
a software programmer, at first, for a major
news agency and then for British Airways.
Interviewer: What did you enjoy about that work?
Mr Morgan: They were well-paid jobs and I had a great
lifestyle, though I did work hard, mind you.
However, there came a point when I felt that
my life was going nowhere. So I went back
to university and trained as a maths teacher.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Interviewer: And how did that go?
Mr Morgan: I must say I was a bit idealistic, so I took my
first job in a tough school. It’s been difficult
as the kids aren’t motivated and hard to
handle.
Interviewer: So that is one of the reasons you want to
work in this school?
Mr Morgan: Not at all! But my wife has changed jobs so
we are moving to this area. In many ways
I’m sorry to leave my old school, but I’m
looking forward to the challenge of starting
in a new place. I certainly don’t regret going
into teaching.
Conversation 3
Jane: Hi Debby, wow! What have you done?
Debby: I just can’t believe it! I feel like a freak.
Jane: Well, it doesn’t look so bad…
Debby: You’re just saying that! I should never have decided
to do this ‘cos I hate it now. I mean, the deep purple
colour looked great on the model in the magazine,
but on me it looks more like mud-brown, you
know, dirty river colour.
Jane: It is an interesting shade.
Debby: And having it short on one side and longer on the
other is a mess! If only I’d listened to my sister
when she said be careful in that hairdresser’s, I
wouldn’t be embarrassed to go to work.
Jane: Why did you go there?
Debby: They had a special offer because there was some
kind of training course for students. The trainee
who did my hair had no idea!
Jane: Maybe you can go somewhere else and get it cut
again.
Debby: That’s probably what I’ll have to do, but right now
I think I’ll be wearing a hat for a few days!
Jane: Poor you!
UNIT 10. EXAM STRATEGIES
LISTENING COMPREHENSION I (page 108)
Activities 1b and 1c
98
1 My parents still lead very active lives even though they
are in their eighties. They spend their free time working
in the garden. It’s hard work, but they enjoy it.
2 Health officials have made it very clear that there’s an
association between smoking and lung disease. Slowly
the general public are beginning to realise this and
people are smoking less.
3 Doctors recommend that patients with Alzheimer’s try
to read something every day. In the same way, doing
puzzles also helps keep the mind active.
4 I’ve just read an article about artificial intelligence. What
I think is interesting is the new research into developing
alternative energies.
5 You won’t believe this! I was just leaving the train station
at the time when there was an explosion in the city centre.
I could hear it even though it was five blocks away.
Activity 2
99
Teacher: Right. Today I’d like you all to report back on your
findings about facts related to the human brain.
Let’s see. What about you, Simon?
Simon: What I think is fascinating about the brain is its
capacity to remember events but also to forget.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
You know, we don’t consciously remember all
the details of our everyday lives, but if something
important happens, we can find the memories in
our brain and recall them.
Dave: You mean like, what I had for lunch last Thursday?
Simon: Exactly, Dave! For example, if you get home and
find that your phone is missing, you can remember
all kinds of details about where you were, if you
took your phone out of your pocket or bag and
which pocket you put it in afterwards. If this hadn’t
happened, you’d never think about it and a year
later you’d certainly have forgotten what you did
that day. But losing your phone cements these
memories in your mind, possibly for years.
Dave: You’re right! I remember just what I was eating
for lunch at the time when there was a car crash
outside my house one day last year, but I’ve got
no idea what I ate the day before or after that.
Teacher: That’s so true! And what have you got, Dave?
Dave: Well, did you know that children’s brain
development depends on their upbringing as well
as genetic make-up? Scientists have discovered
that there is an association between the size of
certain parts of the brain and the income of a
family. Families that have higher incomes produce
children with larger brain capacity in the areas that
relate to language, reading and memory.
Jenny: That’s terrible! So you can only have a big brain if
you have money?
Dave: That’s not really the case. The suggestion is that
higher income families have better access to
health care, live in less polluted areas and can
afford better schools. All these things contribute
to the development of the brain.
Jenny: Conclusion – all children need access to good
food, good education and clean air!
Dave: That’s right!
Teacher: Jenny, you haven’t said anything yet. What ideas
have you got?
Jenny: I thought I’d look at how the brain is affected by
technology. I was surprised to read that playing
video games can stimulate the brain. Maybe they
don’t make us more intelligent, but it has been
shown that they can increase concentration,
perception – especially spatial perception – and
understanding of concepts.
Dave: I’ve heard that too. You learn to think more quickly
and improve reaction times.
Jenny: Yeah, and it’s been proved that in a learning context,
children are able to concentrate longer if the learning
involves a game. In the same way, adults who are
working can also benefit because role-playing type
games let them experience new situations.
Simon: And have fun at the same time!
Teacher: Well, you’ve all come up with some good ideas to
develop for your projects...
LISTENING COMPREHENSION II (page 108)
Activity 2
100
1 She was distressed to hear the news.
2 I found it most surprising that he could already speak
Chinese.
3 I’m convinced he can’t have made a mistake.
4 It’s a very difficult task for a child.
5 This is not the easiest problem to solve.
6 You need to talk to the boss.
165
Answer Key
Activity 3 Activity 2
1 There was persecution in his country of origin so he came
101
to the UK to find a better and safer life.
Narrator: We asked four people about an emotional
moment in their lives. Here are their answers. 2 Omar had to pay some traffickers to get to the UK. He
travelled by truck and by boat.
Speaker 1
It was the trip of a lifetime. I’d always loved being out in Activity 3
the countryside, but I’d never done any serious mountain 1 write an article about him 4 scientist
climbing. We started well and spent two days slowly hiking 2 he can’t get news of his family 5 scared
up to the base camp, but on the third day things changed. 3 wanted
The weather began to get worse and worse, and we were
Activity 4
struggling against the wind and heavy rain. By the evening,
it had begun to snow and we just reached the camp before 1✔
the light failed. Setting up tents in the near darkness and 2✔
freezing conditions was no fun. The storm continued for 3 ✗ The people who helped him escape were traffickers who
three days so we had no chance of reaching the summit, took all his money and abandoned him.
and I thought we would have no chance of getting home 4 ✗ Danny feels sorry for Omar.
either. You can imagine how relieved I was when the wind
Activity 5
stopped and the sun began to come through the clouds.
We staggered down the mountain again, and I have never 1 desperate 4 beside herself
felt so glad to see the lights of a small village. 2 heart-breaking 5 feel a bit down
Speaker 2 3 overtaken by fear 6 lump in my throat
This was one of the most amazing experiences I have ever Activity 6
had. A friend of mine who organises hot-air balloon races Suggested answers:
invited me to watch an event one weekend. I was delighted 1 It brings a lump to my throat when I see images of
to go and thought it would be a great day watching the hungry children. It’s normal to feel desperate if you have
balloons. But after about half an hour watching them set absolutely no money.
up, he came over and said that one of the teams needed an 2 The most heart-breaking thing I have ever seen was when
extra person and would I like to fly! I jumped at the chance a baby bird fell out of its nest and broke its wing.
and was soon sailing up into the sky. It was thrilling. We
3 When I feel a bit down, I go for a walk with my dog and
didn’t win the race, and in fact, we had a rather dangerous
breathe fresh air. This always helps to cheer me up.
landing in a field of cows, but I’ll never forget the feeling of
flying with no sound and being able to look straight down 4 I would be beside myself with worry if my daughter didn’t
at the landscape below. ring me when she was going to arrive home late.
5 I was overtaken by fear when a man came running down
Speaker 3
the street screaming. Fortunately, it was Halloween and
Bracken had been living with us for 15 years and was as he only wanted to scare us.
much a part of the family as any of us. He grew up with my
son as they were much the same age. Bracken was faithful Activity 7
and loving, so the day he passed away I was devastated. Student’s own answers.
The most heart-breaking thing was that he was on his own Activity 8a
when it happened. I know he was only a dog but animals
1 family / friends 2 trust 3 grounded, excited
need company, and to be alone and possibly suffering
must have been awful for him. I’ve thought about getting Activity 8b
another pet, but I don’t think I want the responsibility 1 Cheryl finds it difficult to express her emotions when she
anymore. Maybe I’ll get some fish that I won’t get so is with strangers.
emotionally attached to! 2 Dena finds it difficult to express herself when she’s upset.
Speaker 4 3 Glen finds it difficult to express his emotions when he’s
After all my hard work I felt I was prepared, but I was still with his family.
pretty nervous when the day came. I sat the exam in the 4 Thierno finds it difficult to communicate his emotions
morning and the same afternoon I had my interview with when he is angry.
the director and the head of department. It was pretty
Activity 9a
stressful because they spent over an hour questioning me
after my presentation. Even so, I thought I’d done well, but 1 annoying 5 frightening
when I received the letter saying I’d failed to get the job, I 2 frustrated / frustrating 6 distressed / distressing
went to pieces for a week, not sleeping and bursting into 3 compelled / compelling 7 overwhelmed
tears all the time. But anyway, after a time I calmed down. 4 disappointed / disappointing
Sometimes I think you can learn a lot from rejection and
Activity 9b
how you can improve. If you don’t try, you’ll never get
anything. 1 overwhelming 3 compelling 5 disappointment
2 distress 4 frustrated 6 desperation

Answer Key Activity 10

Suggested answer:
I find it easier to express my feeling to my friends, but I have
UNIT 1. HOW ARE YOU FEELING TODAY? a difficult time expressing my feelings to women. I think they
are going to laugh at me, and it makes me keep quiet. People
I’ve got a lump in my throat (pages 8-9) who look me in the eye really help me when I’m trying to
Activity 1 share my feelings. However, I have a hard time expressing
1 b, 2 c, 3 a my feelings when the person I’m talking to isn’t serious.

166 THAT’S ENGLISH!

READING (pages 10-11) Activity 4b
Activity 1a 1 very 2 a little bit 3 utterly 4 very 5 slightly
Suggested answers: Activity 5a
1 angry / furious / infuriated / enraged Suggested answers:
2 upset / distressed / desperate / hopeless
Gradable Non-gradable
3 sad / depressed / grief-stricken / devastated
4 (first) worried / anxious / upset – (then) relieved / overjoyed
Plot fascinating /
Activity 1b interesting /
excellent / thrilling /
original / exciting /
1 rage 2 relieved 3 ecstatic 4 Grief 5 Despair 6 Distress gripping / moving /
entertaining / sad
Activity 2 uplifting / sidesplitting /
Script / nice / funny
hilarious
2
Activity 3
1b, 2b, 3a, 4b, 5b, 6c Actors
fantastic / brilliant /
Activity 4 good / boring inspiring / amazing /
tedious / superb
Suggested answer: Director
Maybe he’s happy because he thinks his wife has changed,
but I don’t think he realises that she had turned into a robot.
Activity 5b
Activity 5a Suggested answer:
2 It moved her to tears. A: What did you think of the actors?
3 You give me the creeps. B: I thought the actors did a great job.
4 She poured her heart out. A: Only great? I thought they were absolutely brilliant.
5 It hit her really hard. B: What about the director?
6 She was almost beside herself with rage and grief. A: Personally, I was surprised how good the directing was.
7 It was too easy to hurt her feelings. B: Yes, I was really astonished because his last film was
Activity 5b quiet bad.
2 hurt, feelings 5 poured, heart out A: And what about the script?
3 go to pieces 6 hit, hard B: It was really funny.
4 gives, creeps 7 moved, to tears A: Funny? It was absolutely hilarious.
B: Yes, you’re right. It was sidesplitting.
Activity 6
Student’s own answers. Activity 6a
1 sobbing 2 giggle 3 gasped 4 chuckle
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 12-13) Activity 6b
Activity 1a 1 moving 8 giggled
-ed, -ing 2 moved 9 burst
Activity 1b 3 touching 10 sob
1 exhausted 7 depressing 4 touched / touches 11 gasp
2 tiring 8 exhilarated 5 chuckle 12 gasped
3 boring 9 disenchanted 6 burst 13 overcome
4 thrilling 10 stimulated 7 Giggle / Giggling 14 paralysed
5 interesting 11 inspired Activity 6c
6 motivated 1 paralysed with fear
Activity 2a 2 chuckled
1 angry 2 surprised 3 afraid 4 funny 5 disgusted 6 sad 3 gasped with astonishment, burst out laughing
Activity 2b 4 overcome, burst into tears
2 very funny 4 very surprised 6 very disgusted 5 giggled
3 very angry 5 very afraid 6 touched

Activity 2c Activity 7a
1 furious / enraged 4 terrifying / horrifying 1a, 2a, 3c, 4c, 5b
2 hideous / repulsive 5 hilarious / sidesplitting Activity 7b
3 astonished / astounded 6 grief-stricken / heartbroken 1b, 2a, 3e, 4d, 5c
Activity 3a Activity 8
The speakers’ intonation goes up ➚ and then down ➘ on the 2 He found it surprising that she didn’t enjoy herself more.
modifiers and down ➘ on the extreme adjectives. 3 I would appreciate it if you tried to make less noise.
➚ ➘ 4 I take it that there must be some kind of problem.
absolutely terrifying! 5 He doesn’t like it here.
➚ ➚ ➘
utterly and completely repulsive! Wearing your emotions on your sleeve (page 14)
Activity 4a Activity 1
1 absolutely 2 completely 3 a little bit 4 very Student’s own answers.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 167

Answer Key
Activity 2 is the key to a lasting relationship. Give each other the time
1b, 2c, 3b, 4a, 5c, 6b and space that is needed, but also be there to support and
understand the other person. Don’t try to change the other
Activity 3 person. That will only make the relationship fail.
Student’s own answers.
Activity 4 WRITING (pages 16-17)
Jamaica O South Africa O Australia H Activity 1a
New Zealand H Scotland H Canada O 3
There is a difference of opinion from the Americans. Activity 1b
Activity 5 1, 4, 5
1 lip 2 reserved 3 emotions 4 inside Activity 2
1f, 2b, 3d, 4e, 5g, 6a, 7c
Activity 6
1 Florida 2 Segway 3 Freedom Tower Activity 3
Activity 7 relief, fear, joy, ecstasy, despair, surprise
1 14 million 3 South American 5 Havana Activity 4
2 Magic 4 Freedom 6 street/block party 1 at first 2 then 3 finally 4 surprisingly 5 for one moment
Activity 8 Activity 5
Suggested answers: 1 The action took place in a town in the Congo some years
1 For me, emotional intelligence is the ability to put yourself ago.
in somebody else’s place and imagine how they see 2 The writer and rebel soldiers were involved.
things. I think this can help you solve problems because it 3 The key event is when the soldier finds her hiding under
gives you more understanding. the bed.
2 I wouldn’t like to be a doormatty partner because I am 4 The writer was so frightened because she thought the
ambitious and want to have my own career. rebel soldiers would severely beat her if they found her.
3 I would like to visit Miami because it is a multi-cultural city She thought that they would kill her.
and has great nightclubs where you can listen to different Activity 6
kinds of music. The beach is also spectacular and I love hot
1 devastated by 4 desperate
weather.
2 fainted with terror 5 turned my blood to ice
4 I think it’s important to keep a stiff upper lip when things
aren’t going your way. You need to stay strong and 3 ecstatic
positive to turn things around. Activity 7a
1 past continuous: was planning, were looking for
SKILLS WORK (page 15) 2 past perfect: had broken out, and past perfect continuous:
Activity 1 had been working
Student’s own answers.
Activity 7b
Activity 2 1 was driving, had stayed, was feeling
1 The article was written by a man. We know this because at 2 was working, had / had to, was finding
the end, he makes a remark that he addresses directly to 3 wasn’t enjoying, hadn’t met, was feeling
women … ‘So, ladies, don’t let your feelings be hurt ... etc.
2 Student’s own answers. Activity 8a
1b, 2a, 3b
Activity 3
1 emotional 3 stressed 5 reassured Activity 8b
2 distressing / upsetting 4 distressed / upset Suggested answers:
1 We ended up having the most memorable and enjoyable
Activity 4a afternoon that I can remember.
In the first couple, the woman, Charo, is the most emotional 2 This taught me that perseverance and hard work really
person, and in the second couple, Gianni, the man, is the pays off.
most emotional.
3 I realised that everything can’t be perfect; we need to
Activity 4b accept things as they come and make the best of them.
1 It used to hurt Charo’s feelings when Mark wouldn’t talk to Activity 9a
her about how he was feeling.
Student’s own answers.
2 Charo says that Mark copes with his emotions by keeping
them inside. Activity 9b
3 Mark explains the fact that he finds in difficult to talk about Suggested answer:
his emotions by saying that he comes from a family where This happened almost 25 years now when I became ill while
people didn’t do this. travelling in China. I had used the last of my money to buy my
4 Gianni gets beside himself with rage when he thinks train ticket home, and unfortunately, the guard on our train, a
critics have criticised his performance unfairly. huge, fierce woman, seemed to hate me. She kept shouting at
5 Sunita was hit hard by her father’s death. me, and even seemed to try to throw me off the train. As we
were approaching the Russian border, the guard came back
Activity 5 and pulled me out of my seat. I had a high temperature by then
Suggested answer: and was in a sort of delirium. I knew she was going to throw
Well, I’d say that knowing and accepting that you’re different me out of the train, and I was utterly terrified. She picked me up
is the first step towards a healthy relationship. Moreover, and I tried to scream, but the noise stuck in my throat. I closed
respecting each other’s way of dealing with one’s emotions my eyes in panic, but when I opened them again I found that

168 THAT’S ENGLISH!

she was lying me down gently in a bunk in clean white sheets Activity 10a
in a first-class carriage. I was so relieved and grateful. I was 1d, 2c, 3e, 4b, 5a
very frightened and shaken by this terrifying experience, but
as soon as we got to the station, I bought the guard a nice gift. Activity 10b
Suggested answers:
UNIT 2. IT’S JUST GOOD MANNERS 1 You’re always going on about buying a new house.
2 In my country, it’s common (for people) to shake hands
When in Rome … (pages 18-19) the first time they meet.
Activity 1 3 She has to choose blue; she doesn’t like any other colour.
1 taxi 2 trousers 3 mobile 4 mum 5 lift 6 pavement 4 They’re always trying new diets because they want to lose
Activity 2 weight.
1 She criticises the fact that Bridget is late and that she puts 5 He will never make decisions for himself, so I always
her work before her plans with Anthony. decide for him.
2 In British restaurants you don’t automatically get iced Activity 11
water or extra coffee.
Suggested answer:
Activity 3 I am a creature of habit. I need order in my life so everything
1✔ must always be the same. I always do things in the same way
2 ✗ She talks all the time and tells people about herself. and at the same time. If not, I find I get nervous and upset.
Anthony says, ‘She’d go on forever if I don’t stop her’.
3 ✗ The Americans are less reserved than the British – for READING (pages 20-21)
example, Shelly’s mother. The English keep themselves Activity 1a
to themselves more than the Americans.
1 have good manners 4 blush / feel embarrassed
4 ✗ She has to go to Paris for work.
5✔ 2 boast 5 slap someone on the back
3 hug 6 pick your nose
Activity 4
1 Bridget is upset with the shop assistant because he won’t Activity 1b
give her his attention and is quite rude. 1 have good manners 4 boast
2 Because she helped him with his crossword puzzles. 2 slap, on the back 5 blush, feel embarrassed
3 He is taking Shelly to the West End (the theatrical district 3 hug 6 pick your nose
of London) to see the musical, Mamma Mia.
Activity 2
4 She has bought tickets for her and Anthony to go to the
States next summer. 3 a British magazine
Activity 5 Activity 3
1 to find something very surprising Suggested answers:
2 to be introverted and reserved 1 Success is necessary for status in LA. / Status depends on
3 to avoid a topic success.
4 to adapt your behaviour 2 Angelinos don’t value modesty like the British do.
Activity 6 3 Americans have to work very hard and hard work has a
high value in their culture.
1 when in Rome, do as the Romans do
4 Angelinos tend to take a very optimistic and positive
2 don’t go there
attitude towards life even when they have big problems. /
3 blow me down
Optimism is highly valued by Angelinos.
4 keep themselves to themselves
5 Angelinos hug their colleagues, which Ralph found
Activity 7 difficult at first, but now he’s getting used to it. / Angelinos
Suggested answer: are friendly and demonstrative, and they show it by
One example of essential good manners for me is turning your hugging people and slapping them on the back.
mobile phone off when you are in company. I can’t stand it 6 Good manners in LA are the same as in Britain, but
when people are always fiddling with their phones and looking Angelinos tend to swear and drink less and don’t tell rude
at their messages during a social occasion. People who chew jokes.
with their mouths open really annoy me the most. I think it is
disgusting and they really should be more considerate. Activity 4
Activity 8 1✔
Student’s own answers. 2 ✗ Angelinos really admire very successful people. (Success
is very much admired and respected in LA.)
Activity 9a
3 ✗ Modesty is important to the British. You shouldn’t boast
1 Kristen and Gina think they are not creatures of habit. about your success. (Success is more important to the
2 Cheryl is a religious person. Angelinos and it’s fine to talk about your achievements.)
3 Cheryl, Victor and Borislav mention what they do at the 4✔
beginning of the day / after waking up in the morning.
5✔
4 Thierno mentions OCD.
6 ✗ He’s getting used to hugging and starting to appreciate it.
5 Nicole would like to be less of a creature of habit in her
free time. Activity 5
Activity 9b 1 work ethic 5 culture shock
1 Start off 4 don’t like change 2 status symbol 6 self-deprecation
2 take care of 5 my routine 3 physically demonstrative 7 puritanical streak
3 same way 4 a stigma attached

THAT’S ENGLISH! 169

Answer Key
Activity 6 2 get used to being 6 am used to / am getting used to
Suggested answers: 3 was used to being 7 get used to
2 Among my possessions, the object that is closest to a 4 get used to driving 8 get used to
status symbol is my car because it cost a lot of money Activity 6
and people look at me as I drive by.
1 used to live 5 would never speak
3 I do consider myself a physically demonstrative person. I
2 didn’t use to be 6 used to want to
often kiss and hug my girlfriend in public. I think it’s great
to show people how you feel about them. 3 would make / used to make 7 would sing
4 When people are self-deprecating, I try to make them see 4 got used to 8 used to wonder
their good qualities and I try to boost their self-esteem by Activity 7a
telling them how good and important they are. Suggested answers:
5 In our society, I think there is a stigma attached to people I used to play football with my friends every day.
who have a mental illness. People still stare at others and I used to be quite short, but now I’m the tallest one in my
it is awkward and embarrassing. class.
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 22-23) I used to watch TV every morning before I went to school. I
just loved watching cartoons.
Activity 1a
I didn’t use to be outgoing when I was younger, but now
1 shopping 2 eating out 3 travelling I’m the life and soul of the party.
Activity 1b I didn’t use to have long hair because it bothered me.
1 She’ll often make a list before she goes out, but she won’t I didn’t use to be very responsible. In fact, my mother
always follow it. She’s constantly looking for bargains. always complained about it.
2 Robert will always visit the kitchens of a restaurant before I’d get up late at the weekend. I really needed to catch up
he eats out. He’s constantly trying new places. on my sleep.
3 He’s always experimenting with ways to carry as little I’d buy my clothes at the sales. There were always good
luggage as possible. He’ll try to find somewhere to eat bargains.
before he gets on the plane. I’d play with our dog in the park. He loved fetching the ball.
Activity 1c I would never play football with the boys at recess. They
1 ’ll, make 6 ’m, trying always cheated.
2 won’t, follow 7 ’ll, get I would never get up when the alarm clock went off. I was
always too sleepy.
3 ’m, looking 8 ’ll, have
I wouldn’t watch TV after school. It bored me.
4 ’ll, visit 9 ’m, experimenting
5 ’ll, put 10 ’ll try Activity 7b
Suggested answers:
Activity 2
I’m getting used to having lunch at three in the afternoon.
Suggested answers:
I’m used to going to the gym to work out three times a week.
When I’m meeting friends for dinner, I’ll always choose the
restaurant. That way, I know I will like the food. I’m gradually getting used to the humidity in this city.
I’ll always make a list before I do the shopping. I’ll almost Activity 8a
always buy only what is on the list, and that way I don’t 1 adapt to 4 talking up
spend too much. 2 put, down 5 cope with
I’ll always book a hotel with a swimming pool when I travel. 3 fit in
I’m constantly trying to stay fit and the pool is a great way
to do so. Activity 8b
Suggested answers:
Activity 3
2 I often find it difficult to cope with people who don’t listen.
2 ’ll never help 7 ‘s, making They really get on my nerves.
3 ’s, moaning 8 ‘s, talking 3 Something I’ve had to adapt to is eating so late in the
4 ’ll spend 9 ’ll buy evening.
5 ’ll get 10 ‘ll make 4 When someone brings up the topic of politics, in
6 won’t speak conversation, I try to change the subject. It’s something I
Activity 4 try to avoid it at all cost.
2 I carried on believing that we would soon be moving back Modern working habits (page 24)
to LA. Activity 1
3 When he told me about staying in London, I cried and cried.
Student’s own answers.
4 I kept on hoping that our marriage would work.
5 I went on trying to find a job. I refused to give up. Activity 2
6 I tried to earn more money so she’d be happy: I worked 1✔
and worked. 2✔
7 He is always coming home late from the office. 3✔
4 ✗ Salesforce encourages the spirit of innovation in its
Activity 5a
employees.
1 don’t find 2 are 3 -ing or a noun 5 ✗ She says it’s important to separate out the two.
Activity 5b 6 ✗ He says trust is a fundamental thing in creating a great
1 ‘m used to 5 ’m used to feeling workplace.

170 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 3 total. Because the sea and the jungle give them everything
Student’s own answers. they need to survive, their civilization hasn’t evolved. The
Sentinelese don’t wear clothes or even practise agriculture,
Activity 4 but live off a diet of fruits from the jungle, fish and honey.
1 Canada 3 England 5 New Zealand It’s true that they could learn a lot from modern society,
2 India 4 Jamaica 6 South Africa but since they don’t have to work or worry about money or
Activity 5 survival they have more freedom than we do.
1c, 2a, 3b SPEAKING (pages 26-27)
Activity 6 Activity 1
1 It’s a traditional Seminole (platform) hut / dwelling used Suggested answers:
for cooking, sleeping and eating. 1 Student’s own answer.
2 It took her two months to make the sweet grass basket. 2 Swearing is only acceptable when you are with your
3 Because they refused European rule. friends, but never in a social situation.
4 The mother is the head of the family. 3 There are many words that are taboo and I would never
5 They belong to the Bird clan. use. My parents taught me other ways of expressing
Activity 7 these words that don’t offend anyone.
Suggested answer: Activity 2a
I think one of the qualities Spanish people value most is 1 Most swearwords are related to religion, sex and bodily
sincerity. It’s very important to come across as a sincere person functions.
who means what they say. It is important to feel trusted. 2 He mentions ‘bloody’ and ‘hell’.
I don’t think the Spanish value politeness as much as in 3 They are of religious origin, but most people aren’t really
some other cultures. I sometimes think Spanish people are aware of this.
being rude when they ask for something. They use very 4 An expletive is an expression used as an exclamation.
direct speech and it sounds impolite. Whereas, in England
5 ‘Mind your language’ means ‘be careful what you say’
we say please and thank you for everything.
(because swearing is a very personal matter and it is
SKILLS WORK (page 25) important not to offend people).
Activity 1 Activity 2b
Suggested answer: 1 no way 4 the last
I don’t really know and I haven’t heard anything about 2 on earth 5 the dreaded
undiscovered tribes, but I think there must be some in the 3 heaven’s name, the 6 goodness sake
Amazon Jungle or in Indonesia. These are large areas with Activity 2c
a lot of vegetation and unexplored areas. These would be ➚ ➘
good areas for undiscovered tribes to live in. 1 Absolutely, no way!
Activity 2a ➚ ➘
Suggested answer: 2 Why on earth did they do that?
The Sentinelese are extremely hostile towards strangers ➚ ➘ ➘
and usually attack them. 3 What in heaven’s name are they doing now, the idiots?
➚ ➘
Activity 2b 4 He’s the last person I would consider employing!
Where they live tiny island in the Bay of Bengal ➚ ➘ ➚ ➘
Diet jungle fruits, fish and honey 5 Don’t look now, but the dreaded Sam is coming!
Size of population 100-250 people ➚ ➘ ➘ ➘
6 For goodness sake, mind your language!
to sit on your friend’s knee and slap
Traditional greeting Activity 3
your right buttock
1 goes up and then down
Activity 3
2 more
1 They look after fire very carefully because they don’t know
3 most
how to start a fire.
2 Laila is surprised by the fact that the Sentinelese don’t Activity 4a
have any leaders. 1 having a laid-back attitude
3 She says that the Sentinelese have an ideal life because 2 deferential behaviour
they don’t have to work or organise anything. Their 3 public displays of affection
environment gives them everything they need for food, 4 slurping your food
clothes and shelter.
5 complaining
4 The three examples that Sanjay gives of how Sentinelese
6 invading someone’s personal space
society might seem very primitive to us are that their songs
only have two notes, they can’t count to above two (after Activity 4b
which they say ‘many’) and their only form of art is body Suggested answers:
painting. 2 I like seeing public displays of affection. It reminds me of
Activity 4 when I was younger!
Suggested answer: 3 I always complain if I have a problem in a shop. After all,
The Sentinelese live on an island off the coast of India and I’m the customer!
follow a way of life that is probably similar to how our 4 I usually defer to my parents. They are so wise!
ancestors lived thousands of years ago. The population of 5 I have a more laid-back attitude to life than years ago. Live
the Sentinelese is estimated to be between 100 to 250 in and let live!

THAT’S ENGLISH! 171

Answer Key
Activity 5a and restaurants and it’s no problem even if this means they
1 culture 5 both the British and the Japanese go bed late. In the United States, however, children have
2 British 6 protects a separate life from adults. They are not welcome at adult
3 kiss 7 be eccentric parties and it is considered important that they go to bed
early. On the other hand, Americans spend more time
4 more
organising activities especially for children.
Activity 5b All in all, the Spanish and American cultures are quite
1 In 5 only different from each other, but that doesn’t mean that we
2 Generally 6 let can’t appreciate each other’s countries and enjoy the
3 Funnily 7 contrast experience of a different way of life.
4 Take, 8 all
Activity 5c
UNIT 3. A BRIGHT FUTURE
Drawing attention to a funny or surprising fact: Surprisingly Exceptionally gifted (pages 28-29)
Illustrating a point: To give you an idea … Activity 1
Contrasting: On the other hand … , But in fact / actually Student’s own answers.
Concluding / summarizing: To conclude / sum up
Activity 2
Activity 6a 1 Rosie’s not participating in class, doesn’t pay attention and
Suggested answers: the teacher thinks she might have learning difficulties. He’s
also worried about her future when she gets to secondary
Spain the United States school.
Don’t take time to 2 A possible reason could be a lack of motivation.
Meals – social eat – eat at desk in Activity 3
time – take time to the office. 1 The teacher said Rosie didn’t participate in class or pay
sit down and talk to attention.
food People often eat
family and friends. alone, quickly. 2 The teacher suggested that Rosie may have learning
difficulties.
families eat together quite a lot of fast 3 Karen read the title as ‘The mess made in the 20C’ not
food ‘The mass media in the 20C’.
4 Karen had dyslexia and had lessons with a special needs
Most people have
very important to teacher.
five weeks’ holiday
work hard 5 Karen offers to ask her friend Laura, an educational
money a year.
psychologist, about Rosie’s problems.
and work People only have
important to have Activity 4
about two weeks’
leisure time as well
holiday a year. 1✔
as work
2✔
Children part 3 ✗ It’s difficult to predict the outcome of the tests.
of social life – Children’s life is 4✔
participate – we separate from adult 5✔
attitudes expect them to social life – they go
Activity 5
towards behave more like to bed early.
adults. 1b, 2a, 3b, 4a, 5b
animals The Americans give
and Activity 6
The Spanish spend their animals lots of
children 1 doubt was cast 4 bound
less money on attention and spend
pets and are not so lots of money on 2 exceptionally gifted 5 mind-bending
sentimental about them. 3 blinded me with science
them. Activity 7
Suggested answers:
Activity 6b 1 I really understand how Rosie felt because I was always
I am going to talk about the differences between Spanish being told off for not paying attention. I made a lot of
and American culture. In my experience, the thing that spelling mistakes. I hated going to school and in the end
a visitor to the other country notices first is the different my parents took me to the doctor. He did some tests. In
attitude towards food. In Spain, people take time to eat, for fact, I couldn’t see the board and I needed glasses. After
example, most people take at least an hour in the middle of that, things got a lot better!
the day to stop working and eat lunch. This is in contrast to 2 I didn’t have a problem like that but I recall one of my
the United States, where people only stop for a very short
friends was often in trouble for being late and forgetting
time, for example half an hour, and lots of people eat lunch
his books all the time. He was really intelligent and could
at their desks.
answer all the questions the teacher asked but his writing
Not only do lots of Americans not stop working for lunch, and spelling were terrible. In the end he found out he
they also generally work more than we do in Spain. Most had dyslexia and he had some special help. Now he’s a
Spanish employers give their workers four or five weeks’ university professor!
holiday a year, but in the United States, many people don’t
have more than two. Activity 8
Another difference between Spanish and American culture 1 Student’s own answers.
is the different attitudes towards children. In Spain, we like 2 solving problems (Victor) everyday life (Jenna,Thierno)
our children to be with us all the time. They come to parties studying (Diquietta, Chelsi) career decisions (Cheryl)

172 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 9a 5 ✔ ‘He even feels that the changes we are going to see will
1 Victor 3 Thierno 5 Diquietta and Chelsi be beneficial for and desired by everyone – for him, it’s
2 Cheryl 4 Jenna 6 Borislav a no-brainer.’
6 ✗ ‘Hawking admits this is very useful.’
Activity 9b
7 ✗ ‘The development of full artificial intelligence could
1 ‘re supposed 2 guess 3 try to figure out 4 smart
spell the end of the human race.’ ‘It would take off on
Activity 10a its own, and redesign itself at an ever increasing rate.’
1c, 2d, 3b, 4a 8 ✔ ‘Similar guidelines on controlling DNA technology
Activity 10b have worked well for 39 years so it’s not rocket science
Suggested answers: to protect ourselves.’
1 I guess something very intelligent would be understanding Activity 5
what kind of actions will help you to do well in life. You 1f, 2d, 3a, 4g, 5b, 6e, 7c
should avoid actions that will spoil your opportunities.
Activity 6
2 I’m good at figuring out ways to solve practical problems
but I’m not good at figuring out why people behave like 1 the brainchild 5 it’s not rocket science
they do. 2 whizzkid 6 to brainstorm
3 Doing everything you’re supposed to do is quite difficult – 3 the brains behind 7 a no-brainer
you have to accept that you can’t do everything. 4 brainpower
4 Some people think getting drunk is smart but in my
opinion it’s a waste of time and money. You can still have LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 32-33)
fun if you just drink a moderate amount. Activity 1
Activity 10c 2 My daughter’s studying a Masters in Intelligence Studies
1 smart 5 exceptionally gifted next year.
2 bound to 6 supposed to 3 Are you going to take the test? It’s very difficult.
3 mind-bending 7 blind you with science 4 He’s going to open a language academy.
4 doubt has been cast 8 guess 5 I’m having a study group meeting at my place on Friday at
8:00 p.m.
Activity 11
6 I’m attending a lecture on multiple intelligences on Saturday.
Suggested answer:
I remember I didn’t listen to my teacher’s advice about my Activity 2
studies and later I realised that was a big mistake. He told me 1 will be using 4 will be travelling
to study the subjects I was really interested in but I wanted 2 will have fallen 5 will have disappeared
to make a lot of money and I studied law – even though I 3 will have dropped
wasn’t interested in it. The law books were mind-bending.
That wasn’t a smart idea. It was bound to be a disaster and Activity 3a
I failed the course. It takes maturity to figure out what’s best He is describing the itinerary of events to the tourists on a
for you. I guess we all make mistakes when we’re young. tour of Scotland.
Activity 3b
READING (pages 30-31)
1 ‘ll be stopping 3 ‘ll be passing
Activity 1a
2 ‘ll be visiting 4 ’ll be spending
Advantages: 3, 6
Potential dangers: 1, 2, 4, 5 Activity 3c
We can use the present continuous in extracts 1, 2 and 4.
Activity 1b
The development of artificial intelligence could mean the end Activity 3d
of the human race, unemployment and even an increase in 1 ‘m seeing / ’ll be seeing
terrorism. 2 Are, going / Will, be going
Activity 2 3 Are, going / Will, be going
1c, 2e, 3d, 4a, 5b 4 will be seeing
Activity 3 5 are, stopping / will, be stopping
2 6 ‘re staying / ‘ll be staying
7 are moving / ‘ll be moving
Activity 4
8 ‘re passing by / ‘ll be passing by
1 ✗ ‘Ray Kurzweil started out as a technology whizzkid
whose unusual theories and predictions have often Activity 4a
become reality.’ ‘He is also the brains behind many 1d, 2g, 3f, 4b, 5e, 6a, 7c
devices that have transformed the world, such as the Activity 4b
first computer program that could actually read type.’
1 is going to fall 5 will have finished
2 ✔ ‘Colleagues recall thinking Kurzweil was mad, but now
his views are more accepted.’ ‘Recently Kurzweil was 2 ’ll call 6 leaves
made leader of Google’s artificial intelligence (AI) project.’ 3 ’ll be taking 7 are coming
3 ✔ ‘Kurzweil now predicts that the moment when a 4 is going to have
computer will show intelligent behaviour similar to a Activity 5a
human’s will be reached in 2029.’ (They don’t know, it is
1 just 2 even 3 only 4 just 5 even
only a prediction.)
4 ✗ ‘At present, computers don’t understand the meaning Activity 5b
of what we write, so they can’t interpret the message.’ The sentences with the word in brackets are more emphatic.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 173

Answer Key
Activity 5c Activity 6
1 Lauren can’t even sew a button on a shirt. 1 sunshine getaway place 5 made his fortune
2 He just / only wants to be left alone to think. 2 high-end, iconic 6 Spanish Colonial Revival
3 This exam is just too difficult. 3 short term, in season 7 stunning architecture
4 The students just won’t listen to me. / The students won’t 4 self-made millionaire
even listen to me. Activity 7
5 They only sleep in five-star hotels so no bed and breakfast Suggested answer:
for them! There are plenty of options for the least intelligent decision,
6 My exam results were just as I’d expected. but I’d have to say it was privatising things like the water
Activity 6a supply and the railways. Now making money is the most
important thing to these private companies, rather than
The silent e causes the vowels to change into a long vowel providing a good service.
or a diphthong. In my opinion the most intelligent decision was making
Activity 6c all university education free in 1944. That resulted in many
1 made 2 us 3 strip 4 bite 5 cute 6 rat smart people from poorer families having the chance to
fulfil their potential.
Activity 7a
They are talking about a past holiday in Venice. SKILLS WORK (page 35)
Activity 7b Activity 1
1d, 2b, 3f, 4e, 5g, 6a, 7c Adam Kirby is a child genius.

Activity 7c Activity 2
1 He’ll be able to play with children similar to him in
1 recalls 4 souvenir
intelligence and he’ll get help with accessing the kind of
2 memory 5 remember, recollection education that he needs.
3 retrieve 6 remind 2 She thinks it’s pointless putting him in Mensa because he is
Activity 8 too young. And his parents are doing it to get free publicity.
1 brainpower 3 Dominic says that Adam’s abilities should be celebrated
as long as he has a normal childhood.
2 no-brainer
4 She would let a small child have the freedom to learn
3 is starting / will be starting / is going to start
through play and having fun.
4 will be providing 5 Dominic thinks that intelligence and a good education are
5 will have built the main things for success in the future.
6 are going to extend / will extend / will be extending Laura thinks good people skills are just as important as
7 recall intelligence to succeed in life.
8 reminds Activity 3
9 is going to serve / will be serving
Who do
10 not rocket science
they agree
Intelligent decisions (page 34) with most: Reasons given
Activity 1 Dominic or
Laura?
Suggested answer:
I think dogs and monkeys are very intelligent. They are That little boy obviously loves
capable of learning to do things. I also consider dolphins to Speaker 1 Dominic learning and it would be
be intelligent, but I don’t think birds are intelligent. wrong not to encourage him.
Activity 2 Status, career, qualifications
1b, 2c, 3a don’t necessarily lead to
personal fulfilment or a
Activity 3 happy home life.
1 ✗ Research has shown that other primates are highly Speaker 2 Laura
We should value people not
intelligent and use tools.
just for their academic ability
2✔ but for their character, or
3✔ other abilities.
4 ✗ It is difficult to say between different species which is the
There are numerous
most intelligent; it is related to the environment and survival.
examples of poor children
5✔
who were taught at home by
6 ✗ Pigs are one of the very few animals that have this ability. Speaker 3 Laura
pushy parents and ended up
Activity 4 being unhappy. Let children
1d, 2f, 3e, 4c, 5a, 6b be children while they can.
Activity 5 If the parents can access
Suggested answers: specialised schooling through
1 I once visited Marbella and was amazed to see all the posh joining a group then it’s a
restaurants and shops. The yachts that were in the port Speaker 4 Dominic good idea − otherwise the
were quite amazing as well. boy is going to be bored and
miserable. Parents have to do
2 I would expect to see these types of things as well as spas
and fancy wellness centres. what they think is best.

174 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 4
Suggested answer:
I totally disagree with pushing young children too hard to
achieve academic success early. I’m not at all comfortable
with the idea of babies joining an elitist group of highly
intelligent people. Surely the parents of intelligent children
need to be very careful not to make them grow up too fast.
In fact, all they need to do is make sure the child has lots of
opportunities to play and have new experiences so that the
child develops his potential.
If the child seems very intelligent, they’ll soon get bored
with normal activities, so why not let them meet other very
intelligent people? There’s nothing wrong in stimulating
intelligence as long as the child is encouraged to play with
other children and given love and security. They’ll be able to
develop emotionally as well as intellectually.
WRITING (pages 36-37)
Activity 1
1 and well-paid job. Millions of parents worldwide spend time
Activity 2a
1 informal
2 people who have similar interests to the writer
3 personal examples
4 includes
Activity 2b
1D, 2B, 3A, 4C
Activity 3a
1b, 2c, 3a
Order: 2, 1, 3
Activity 3b
Topic sentence: Some teachers argue that using social media
is affecting young people’s reading ability and concentration
span but I’m not convinced.
Supporting sentences: It’s true that nearly half of
18-24-year-olds never read for pleasure and the average
attention span has halved in the last ten years. There’s
evidence though, that young people’s research skills and
visual intelligence have improved greatly.
Concluding sentence: So it isn’t all bad news.
Activity 4a
2 1 They remember Omar saying that time is worth more
Activity 4b
Suggested answers:
2 Do we really want to return to the bad old days?
3 Why would someone do that?
4 Do you like adventure and new challenges?
5 What is the solution to this problem?
Activity 5
Student’s own answers.
Activity 6a
The paragraph doesn’t have supporting sentences.
The ideal number of topics in a paragraph is one.
Activity 6b
1 Studying hard is seen by some people as a complete waste
of time, but in fact, it can lead you to a successful career.
2 One example is being able to meet successful people at
university. Someone may offer you a career opportunity.
3 To conclude, people need to realise that developing
correct social behaviour and life skills are just as important
as academic and career success.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Activity 7
Suggested answer:
Brains or beauty? Which brings greater success in life?
Who would you rather be – Angelina Jolie or Einstein?
Fortunately you don’t have to make that choice but think for
a moment whether being very attractive or intelligent leads
to more success and fulfilment. Of course, it also depends
on how you measure success in life.
Being good-looking undoubtedly brings social success
in many circles, particularly with young people. Attractive
people are always in demand and invited to many social
events.They are also likely to be preferred at work over more
average-looking colleagues. Many researchers have found
that tall, good-looking men and beautiful women have a
significant advantage when it comes to being interviewed,
offered a job and promotion. However, I think all this is a
superficial way of assessing a person.
So is it better to be a genius? Academic success usually
leads to better qualifications and hopefully an interesting
and money helping their children to pass the vital exams
that will open the door to a career in law or medicine, for
example. But from my own experience, I found at the end of
my studies that I was good at exams but had few practical
life skills. Being intelligent is an advantage in life but it’s not
everything you need.
Returning to the opening question – Angelina or Einstein
– points us in the right direction in my opinion. Ms Jolie
is beautiful not only on the outside, but also on the inside.
She is a caring mother and passionate about helping needy
children. It’s no use looking gorgeous if you are unkind and
selfish because eventually people will avoid you. Albert
Einstein was a genius but a popular and modest man who
could admit being wrong and had a positive outlook on life.
He said character was more important than intellect and I
would agree. Success in life comes from building good
relationships rather than looks and exam results.
UNIT 4. EVERY LITTLE BIT HELPS
A friend in need (pages 38-39)
Activity 1
Student’s own answers.
Activity 2
than money and that to give is everything.
2 Mrs Dalton can babysit Mo while Jen is at work.
Activity 3
1b, 2b, 3a, 4b
Activity 4
1 Karen feels confident that she can take the shrub out
easily but she is wrong.
2 Jen has split up with her partner and hasn’t got much money.
3 Karen told Mrs D about Omar needing some work and
Mrs D offers him some gardening work.
4 Danny has arranged a waitressing job for Jen and Mrs D
will babysit while Jen goes to work.
Activity 5
1b, 2a, 3b, 4a
Activity 6
1 what goes around, comes around
2 doing good turns
3 a real knight in shining armour
4 to pass a favour on
175
Answer Key
Activity 7 Activity 3
Suggested answers: 1 Over one million bracelets publicising the movement have
I do believe it’s true because if you are positive and helpful, been distributed. / Bracelets publicising the movement.
people will want to help you but if you are unkind, then 2 Last year Pay it Forward Day was celebrated in sixty-five
people will refuse to help you. countries. / Countries.
I don’t think so, because I don’t believe in karma or anything 3 The book has been translated into twenty languages. /
like that so people won’t do bad things to you if you Languages.
accidentally did something wrong to them. 4 Trevor’s simple idea is to lend a hand to three people. /
Activity 8a People.
1 Student’s own answers. 5 Catherine Ryan Hyde wrote Pay it Forward in 1999. / The
year Pay it Forward was written.
2 Helping others: through work, doing voluntary work,
being kind 6 Trevor McKinney is twelve years old. / Trevor McKinney’s
age.
Receiving help: from family, from teachers
7 The book has been published in over thirty countries. /
Activity 8b The countries where Pay it Forward has been published.
Activity 4
Kristen listening to people and being compassionate
1a, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5a, 6b
Dena at work because they are nurses Activity 5
1f, 2d, 3e, 4c, 5g, 6b, 7a
helping children being diagnosed with
Nicole Activity 6
disabilities like autism
1 hands are tied 5 a handout
helping the homeless, doing volunteer work, 2 near at hand 6 go hand in hand with
Chelsi
feeding the hungry, donating clothes 3 living hand-to-mouth 7 wringing your hands
Victor bailing people out of jail 4 lend a hand
Activity 7
David helping someone on the side of the road Suggested answers:
1 I had a really boring job in accountancy a few years ago,
Activity 8c and I wanted to find something more interesting. However,
1 Chelsi 2 Victor 3 Dena I needed to get a better qualification and I couldn’t afford
to take time off to study. I tried taking evening classes, but
Activity 9 I found it too tiring so my hands were tied and I had to
1b, 2a, 3b continue working and hating it!
Activity 10 2 I lend a helping hand to my sister by babysitting her young
1 what goes around, comes around children at weekends, and also, I often do the shopping for
my grandparents. I sometimes lend a hand to my friends
2 household chores
who don’t have a car by taking them to the station or the
3 a real knight in shining armour hospital if they need it.
4 I don’t expect payback
5 do a good turn LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 42-43)
6 to pass the favour on Activity 1
7 compassionate 1 to start 6 being 11 baking
Activity 11 2 to help 7 to sit 12 watching
Suggested answers: 3 raising 8 doing 13 to pass
I don’t mind accepting help because everyone needs a hand 4 to change 9 wearing 14 to keep
sometimes. People shouldn’t be too independent. One day 5 to have 10 to sponsor
you might be able to help someone else and pass the favour Activity 2a
on – after all, what goes around, comes around! 1a, 2a
Actually, I really find it difficult to accept help. I suppose I
don’t want people to think I’m weak. Activity 2b
I want to be someone that people are grateful to. I like doing 1 to cook 5 stopping 9 seeing
good turns and being a real knight in shining armour. But 2 eating 6 to learn 10 to pick it up
I don’t expect payback – it just makes me feel good to be 3 to inform 7 to bring 11 to check
compassionate. 4 joining 8 leaving 12 talking

READING (pages 40-41) Activity 2c

Activity 1 Use Verb pattern Example
Suggested answer:
Say an action finishes stop + -ing 12
I think offering a seat to someone would be easy, but the
other three would be hard. These three require some Say why an action finishes stop + infinitive 11
physical strength. You must be fit to climb on the roof, to
save someone who is drowning or help someone move Attempt something
try + infinitive 6
house. Besides, some of them are quite dangerous. unsuccessfully

Activity 2 Attempt something to see

try + -ing 4
a3, b4, c2, d1 what happens

176 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 The gift of life (page 44)
(Never) forget a past event forget + -ing 8
Activity 1
Forget something you are 1b, 2d, 3a, 4c
forget + infinitive 10
or were supposed to do
Activity 2
Recall a definite past event remember + -ing 9 Student’s own answers.

Recall something you are remember + Activity 3

7 1 She became ill with leukaemia and needed a bone marrow
or were supposed to do infinitive
transplant but her brother wasn’t a match.
Be sorry for what
regret + -ing 5 2 The charity matches people with leukaemia with people
happened
who are willing to donate their blood stem cells.
Be sorry for what you are 3 Maggie Marshall feels it is an honour and a responsibility
regret + infinitive 3
going to say to help people with leukaemia.
Really like this activity love + -ing 2 Activity 4
1 bone marrow, survival 3 match, 60%
Really like this activity (often 2 lifesaving transplant 4 pure unselfishness
love + infinitive 1
with a time expression)
Activity 5
Activity 3 Suggested answer:
1 to post 5 to have 9 to return I think it is essential for the government to help pay for
2 to inform 6 to get up, to go 10 to lock health care and education. These are two essential things
3 to help 7 turning 11 leaving that everyone needs, and they are very expensive. People
4 seeing 8 chatting 12 skateboarding would have to spend most of their income if the government
didn’t help us with these matters.
Activity 4a
Activity 6
The speaker is upset because Matt forgot to pay for his meal
at the restaurant. 1 d, e 2 c 3 c, e 4 b, e 5 a, e
Activity 4b Activity 7
1 his 2 him 3 me 4 your Student’s own answers.
Activity 4c Activity 8
When the subjects of the main clause and the -ing clause 1✔
are different, we can indicate this by using a possessive 2 ✗ It is a park run by the Seminole Tribe.
adjective or an object pronoun before the -ing form. 3 ✗ They kill it by constriction (suffocating it).
Activity 5 4✔
2 She didn’t have a problem with their / them making a noise. 5 ✗ They live in freshwater swamps and marshes.
3 Please, excuse my / me using your parking space. 6 ✗ The hawk represents the Everglades.
4 The police overlooked his / him speeding. Activity 9
5 Her parents forgave her crashing the car. Suggested answer:
6 Do you mind my / me telling you the truth? Overall, I think the system we have is good at supporting the
7 I object to his / him sitting next to me. elderly and families. However, there is room for improvement
8 Her teachers were annoyed at her failing the exam. regarding unemployed people because recently more of
them have had to rely on food banks because their welfare
Activity 6a
money hasn’t arrived. People have to rely on the charity of
Formal: 1, 2, 4 Informal: 3, 5, 6 strangers to eat and they shouldn’t have to.The government
Activity 6b should employ more people to make sure people are paid
1 would, mind 6 Give, hand 11 Will on time.
2 at all 7 would 12 All right
SKILLS WORK (page 45)
3 lend 8 Could 13 will
4 moving 9 possibly 14 won’t Activity 1a
5 of course 10 Certainly food poverty, waste food, supermarkets, making a profit,
community, food banks
Activity 7
Activity 1b
1 Could you lend a hand with the washing-up?
47 Real Junk Food Cafés (RJFC) have opened.
2 Will you please take the rubbish out?
3 Would you give me a hand with the shopping? £30,000 profit was made in the RJFC in Leeds last year.
4 Could you possibly open the window? There are 272 food banks in the UK now.
5 Would you mind closing the door? The RJFC in Leeds has used over 20 tonnes of waste food.
A million tonnes of food is wasted in the UK every year.
Activity 8
The cost of food has risen by 47% since 2003.
1 to collect / collecting 6 to take 11 a handout
2 to change 7 to donate 12 laughing Activity 2
3 to raise 8 being 13 seeing Polly doesn’t agree with Jed.
4 hand in hand with 9 to make Activity 3
5 doing / to do 10 lend a hand 1c, 2e, 3d, 4a, 5b

THAT’S ENGLISH! 177

Answer Key
Activity 4 Activity 5b
Suggested answer: Mervyn: I have no problem with the lunch club. b
As far as I’m concerned, food wastage is a big problem today. Laura: That sounds reasonable to me. a
This is being made worse by big supermarkets throwing Laura: Good plan. b
away usable food because it has gone past its sell-by date. I Mervyn: Fine by me. a
strongly believe that much of this food is still safe to eat. Of
course, we need to be careful with meat and fish products Activity 6
but it’s easy to tell if bread or fruit is still fresh. We need to Suggested answer:
use our common sense and not rely on supermarkets to tell As far as I’m concerned, I think Carefree Kids should get our
us what to do – after all, they are in the business of selling help because they do an excellent job of helping children
us more stuff! enjoy a normal childhood. Children shouldn’t have to take
on adult responsibilities like caring. It’s too stressful for them.
SPEAKING (pages 46-47) On the whole, I’d rather give our support to Gift of Sight
Activity 1a because they are recycling glasses and helping people to
1h, 2g, 3e, 4b, 5a, 6c, 7d, 8f see and live independently. It’s terrible that people lose their
Activity 1b sight when a simple operation could save it.
Suggested answer: Woodland Warriors appeals more to me than Carefree Kids
I sponsor a young girl in Uganda. Basically, I pay for her and I’d like to donate the money to them because the future
education. I started doing this when she was six and now of the planet depends on taking action now. If we don’t
she’s going to university to study journalism. I’m just so reduce greenhouse gases, life will be a lot more difficult for
happy to be able to help. Charity that helps less fortunate our grandchildren.
people really appealed to me because it wouldn’t be able Activity 7
to achieve its goals without our help. This sort of charity is Suggested answer:
definitely worthwhile. Woodland Warriors – we need more trees to stop the
Activity 2a greenhouse effect; with less greenhouse effect, less pollution
3 and healthier for human race.The future generations depend
on us to secure their future.
Activity 2b
Carefree Kids – kids are suffering, need our support, to give
children’s creative arts theatre, helping people with serious
them back their childhood. Give emotional support, provide
diseases, anti-gang culture
sport clubs and weekend camping trips. Local services don’t
Activity 3 do enough for the youth.
Gift of Sight – allows people who can’t afford glasses to get
We might consider giving ...
Making suggestions them, many sight-saving operations performed yearly on
How about tackling … needy people. It gives a precious gift to people – the gift of
As far as I’m concerned, ... sight.
Stating preferences
X appeals to me more than Y. Activity 8a
To be honest, that’s not how I see Suggested answers:
Slight disagreement
it at all. 1 As far as I’m concerned, I think Woodland Warriors should
get our help because there is more and more land being
Strong disagreement I couldn’t disagree more. destroyed every day, and if we continue at this rate, we
will speed up global warming and destroy the Earth. In
Activity 4a addition, we will be helping wildlife so that birds and
animals have more living space.
1✔
Moreover, there are fewer and fewer groups trying to help
2 ✗ She is asking a question to clarify a point, but she isn’t
by planting trees. It is believed that many forests and rain
angry.
forests will disappear if we don’t do something.
3 ✗ He just wants to make sure that the money will be used
for real social issues. Consequently, I believe that Woodland Warriors is the
charity we should support.
4✔
2 On the whole, I’d rather give our support to Carefree Kids
Activity 4b because they aim to support children aged 5 to 16 who
care for a disabled or sick parent. These children miss
2 Could I just say something here?
out on a normal childhood and need emotional support.
Interrupting 3 Sorry, can I come in here. In addition, the children can use our sport and youth
9 May I add something? clubs and find the emotional support that they need to
1 Sorry, I think you’ve misunderstood me. overcome a difficult situation.
Correcting Moreover, we have camping holidays and the children
7 That’s not quite what I meant.
someone can meet new friends and have a wonderful time.
10 I haven’t made myself clear.
Therefore, giving financial support to Carefree Kids
4 Fair enough, sounds like a good plan to me.
Partial 5 All the same, 3 In my opinion, we’d better give our support to Gift of Sight.
agreement 6 Possibly, but ... Many people are in need of glasses and this is the only
8 Even so, ... way that they can get them. In addition, this organisation
performs thousand of sight-saving operations every year.
Activity 5a As far as I’m concerned, Gift of Sight does a great job and
They decide to support the old people’s lunch club, the should get our support. They give people the greatest gift,
anti-gang charity and an anti-bullying charity. which is the gift of sight.

178 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 8b 2 brainchild 5 wages
Suggested answers: 3 nightmare 6 guidelines
1 I’m not very keen on the idea that social issues are equally Activity 8
important as global issues. Nowadays, there are very few 1 unforeseen 3 boasting 5 recall
children that are taking care of disabled or sick parents.
2 gasped 4 overcome 6 brainstorm
Social services provide more than adequate assistance
and I feel that helping children have fun would be a Activity 9
misuse of the funds. 1b, 2a, 3b, 4a, 5b
2 To be honest, that’s not how I see it at all. Planting trees is
not a high priority while helping children is. Children are SKILLS WORK (pages 50-51)
our future and everything that we invest in them will help Activity 1a
all of us in the future. We must prioritise and I believe our Student’s own answers.
children are our number one priority.
Activity 1b
3 I totally disagree with that because donating glasses is not a
high priority when dealing with real social issues. We must An organ (kidney)
look into serious needs in the community. I believe reducing Activity 2
air pollution and greenhouse gases is more important. 1 ✗ Harvey’s illness was due to a kidney disease.
Activity 9 2 ✗ Janice wasn’t able to donate a kidney to her husband
C: Well, what about supporting all three charities? Let’s because their blood was not compatible, but she later
divide the money three ways. donated a kidney.
A: I have no problem with that. 3✔
C: Does everyone agree? 4 ✗ She received the kidney donation.
B: Fine by me. 5 ✗ The writer is promoting organ donation once we die.
Activity 3a
REVISION 1 1N, 2N, 3P, 4N, 5P
Activity 3b
LANGUAGE REVISION (pages 48-49) 1e, 2b, 3d, 4c, 5a
Activity 1
Activity 4
1 ’ll be 6 ’ll find
1 cope 2 fit 3 adapt 4 get
2 are coming / will be coming 7 ’m planning
3 ’ll have moved 8 ’m going to work Activity 5
4 ’ll be wearing 9 ’ll have saved Adding points: In addition, Contrasting: But in fact,
5 ’m going to travel 10 ’ll look Another thing is, Furthermore However, Actually
Activity 2
Activity 6
1 me telling 6 get
Suggested answer:
2 being 7 who would get
A: You will have to get used to having a rather late lunch,
3 quite 8 to see and in addition, you will have to cope with working until
4 pretty 9 going quite late. Another thing is that you will have to adapt to
5 He’s constantly asking 10 think getting up quite early.
Activity 3 B: That won’t be a problem. I’m used to getting up late and
1 distressing 4 astonishing furthermore, I work long hours at home. I think I will fit
right in.
2 bored 5 exhilarated
3 inspiring 6 devastated Activity 7
2, 3
Activity 4
1 As far as I’m concerned, we should look after local issues Activity 8a
first. 1b, 2a
2 She poured her heart out to me. Activity 8b
3 It’s unlikely (that) he’ll pass the exam. 2, 3, 4
4 Forgive me for being late. Activity 9
5 We regret to inform you that you weren’t accepted for the job. Suggested answer:
6 I regret not speaking / not having spoken to him earlier. There are so many charities in the world that it is difficult
7 My hands are tied. to decide where we can best help and contribute. A very
8 Mark was the brains behind the robot. deserving charity I know is Sandrun, an organisation that
Activity 5 works to help young people in my area. What could be
more important than helping others who live in your own
1 to 2 down 3 in 4 up 5 with 6 to 7 to 8 on 9 to 10 with community?
Activity 6 Through sport they build vulnerable young people’s
1 kindness 5 problematic confidence and give them the motivation to succeed in life.
2 homeless 6 misunderstood They provide training, equipment and fitness programmes
3 beneficial 7 demonstrative for 16 to 24-year-olds, who not only become fitter, but
also develop a more positive attitude towards life, greater
4 powerful 8 unacceptable self-esteem and are more optimistic about their future.
Activity 7 I know about this charity through a friend who encouraged
1 safeguards 4 behaviour me to join because I am an athletics trainer. He told me they

THAT’S ENGLISH! 179

Answer Key
needed volunteers to help runners prepare for races all over READING (pages 54-55)
the country. I’ll never forget the day I took 15 young men Activity 1a
to run the London Marathon and they all completed it! The
star of the day was Joseph, a 19-year-old from Somalia, who A 2, b B 1, d C 4, c D 3, a
finished in the first 200 runners. Activity 1b
Sandrun needs donations to help buy sports equipment and 1 D 2 C 3 A, B
volunteers to increase the range of activities we are able to Activity 2
offer. Give us a helping hand! Don’t you want to make the
1 a Nobody – ordinary people would earn such a salary
world a better place?
if their earnings had increased at the same rate as
bankers’ earnings.
UNIT 5. AS EASY AS 1, 2, 3 b Lucinda, J. Dodd’s sister
A head for numbers (pages 52-53) c Leona Helmsley’s dog
Activity 1 d Richard Tims and Jeremiah Archer
Student’s own answers. 2 You need nearly eight hundred million dollars
($800,000,000) to be in the top 1% of the richest people in
Activity 2 the world.
1 He doesn’t have a head for numbers and either buys too 3 Home equity – the value of people’s homes in the USA.
much or too little. 4 Unemployment has doubled since 2007.
2 Anthony was giving figures in pounds and John thought 5 Wall Street bankers no longer receive performance bonuses
the figures were in kilos. because of the legislation on ethical banking practices.
Activity 3 6 She said that ‘only little people’ paid taxes (and she didn’t
1 board game / planets and spaceships 4 stock control pay them herself) and she took action to avoid paying a
tiny amount in sales tax on some jewellery.
2 double six 5 food costs
7 Mary did nothing for her husband during their marriage
3 60% 6 quantity
and he wished to repay her in the same way.
Activity 4
Activity 3
1✔ 1 sales tax 4 rate 7 gain
2 ✗ 1 kilo = 2.2 pounds 2 profit 5 wage 8 repay
3 ✗ He has 50% more than he needs. 3 wealth 6 worth 9 criterion
4✔
Activity 4
5 ✗ John didn’t know Anthony had given him the figures in
pounds. 1 multiplied, by 4 doubled
2 dropped by 5 minus
Activity 5a
3 divided, equally between 6 add up
1 head for numbers 4 by the dozen
Activity 5a
2 do a number 5 one too many
3 in two minds 1b, 2e, 3d, 4a, 5c
Activity 5b
Activity 5b
Suggested answers:
1c, 2d, 3e, 4b, 5a
2 I often leave things to the eleventh hour. I know I shouldn’t,
Activity 6 but I just can’t help it. Then, it is always a last minute race
Suggested answer: to the finish.
I have a head for numbers. I find maths fun and easy. I often 3 I have a good friend who only looks after number one.
give help to my friends who have trouble with maths and Whenever she goes to get a coffee, she never asks anyone
I am quite good at it. I’d like to be a maths teacher when I else if they would like one. She never offers anything to
leave university. anyone, but I don’t think she realises that she is doing it.
Activity 7 LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 56-57)
Student’s own answers. Activity 1
Activity 8a 2 ‘0’ 6 a million million
1 Claudio, Brandy, Jameeka 3 nought 7 a thousand million
2 Nicole (gambling), David (athletics / sports generally), 4 nought point nought 8 trillion
Borislav (roulette), Tina (car racing) 5 ‘oh’
3 Kristen (her mother’s), Nicole (her father’s)
Activity 2
Activity 8b 1c, 2a, 3a, 4b, 5a, 6c
1 lucky 3 room 5 even 7 digits Activity 4a
2 thesis 4 split 6 athlete 1a, 2b, 3c, 4c
Activity 9a Activity 4b
1d, 2f, 3e, 4c, 5b, 6a 1 2.54 2 12 3 0.9144 4 1760 5 28.35 6 16 7 6.3503
Activity 9b Activity 5a
1 figures 3 fraction 5 point 7 comma 1 child ➝ children 7 symposium ➝ symposia
2 nought 4 decimal 6 digits 8 million 2 woman ➝ women 8 phenomenon ➝ phenomena
Activity 10 3 ox ➝ oxen 9 curriculum ➝ curricula
Student’s own answers. 4 crisis ➝ crises 10 cactus ➝ cacti

180 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 5 analysis ➝ analyses 11 nucleus ➝ nuclei weak maths meant I was really slow. It took me twice as
6 datum ➝ data 12 syllabus ➝ syllabi long as an average person and I had to constantly check
the figures to make sure they were accurate. If I had known
Activity 5b more maths, my job would have been a lot easier.
1 crisis, crises 2 nucleus, nuclei 3 phenomenon, phenomena
Activity 6a SKILLS WORK (page 59)
1 Nouns that end in s and take a singular verb Activity 1a
classics, linguistics, physics, politics, series, phonetics Big data is our ability (thanks to computer technology) to
Nouns that only exist in the plural and take a plural verb amass and analyse almost infinite amounts of data. It is
different from traditional statistics only in that the amount
means, clothes, earnings, savings, surroundings, funds,
of data is much greater – there are almost no limits to it.
headquarters
2 Compound nouns with plural in second element Activity 1b
takeovers, vice-presidents, babysitters 1 $400 million 2 100 3 77.77% 4 10,000 5 51%
Compound nouns with plural in first element Activity 2a
bagsful, passers-by, commanders in chief, coats of arms Obama’s 2012 election campaign, population samples,
Activity 6b identifying infections in babies
1 bagsful, passers-by Activity 2b
2 some symposia, crises 1 ✗ He agrees with her.
3 some former vice-presidents, some commanders in chief 2✔
4 curricula, media 3✔
5 different diagnoses 4 ✗ He talks about how by monitoring all the babies’ vital
6 savings (It stays the same) signs – heartbeat, blood pressure, respiration, etc –
doctors can identify a connection between very minor
Activity 7a changes and more serious problems.
1d, 2f, 3a, 4e, 5c, 6b 5 ✗ It has only made more information about infections
Activity 7b available.
3 Two thirds of those who begin the programme don’t finish it. 6✔
4 We are recycling twice as much as six months ago. Activity 3
5 Traffic accidents have fallen by three-quarters since we Suggested answer:
installed the traffic lights. I agree most with Disraeli – statistics can be manipulated
6 The pass rate was only 30% last year. to add up to whatever you want. It just depends on what
Activity 8 you want to convince people of. Take, for example, surveys.
You might truthfully say that 75% of the group did or said
1 neither 4 neither 7 both
such and such, but not mention that you had only actually
2 all 5 nor 8 both surveyed ten people! Or, using averages, you could say
3 None 6 either that the manager of such and such a company earns an
Maths magic (page 58) average annual salary of $250,000, but in fact the CEO earns
$3,000,000 whilst the other managers earn less than $80,000.
Activity 1
The one very high figure distorts the average. That’s why I
Student’s own answers. disagree with George Bernard Shaw that being moved by
Activity 2 statistics shows you are intelligent. On the contrary, I think
1 He uses magic. that questioning statistics is a mark of intelligence.
2 Because it produces a genuine emotional hook which gets WRITING (pages 60-61)
students’ attention.
3 They are using rap. Activity 1a
4 algebra 3
5 one out of five Activity 1b
6 Because she couldn’t visualise abstract concepts. 1b, 2c, 3a
Activity 3 Activity 2
Student’s own answers. 1c, 2d, 3b, 4a, 5g, 6f, 7e, 8h
Activity 4 Activity 3a
1 90% 5 5.51 9 25% 1b, 2c, 3a
25 6 85 years 10 8 Activity 3b
3 50 million 7 55 years 1 I would like to recommend that you use a professional
4 54 million 8 5% decorator.
I would like to recommend (you) using a professional
Activity 5
decorator.
1b, 2c, 3a, 4d
I would like to recommend you use a professional decorator.
Activity 6 2 He suggests that we start again.
1 animals 2 turn 3 $15,000,000 4 1930 5 food 6 graze He suggests (us) starting again.
Activity 7 He suggests we start again.
Suggested answer: 3 The school proposes that you take the exam again next April.
When I started my new job, I was responsible for a budget The school proposes (you) taking the exam again next April.
and had to do financial reporting for the first time and my The school proposes you take the exam again next April.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 181

Answer Key
4 We would like to suggest that they employ more teachers.
We would like to suggest (them) employing more teachers.
UNIT 6. THE GENTLE ART OF PERSUASION
We would like to suggest they employ more teachers. It’s a deal (pages 62-63)
5 The committee proposes that the school buildings are Activity 1
closed during the holidays. Student’s own answers.
The committee proposes closing the school buildings
during the holidays. Activity 2
The committee proposes the school buildings be closed 1 Danny tries to persuade Jen to have a coffee with him.
during the holidays. 2 She suggests they all meet at the house for a Chinese
takeaway and watch the dance programme together.
Activity 4a
1 conclusion 4 project description Activity 3
2 budget analysis 5 statement of need 1 Because she knows that it wouldn’t generally be
considered a ‘good’ choice of programme and the other
3 executive summary
housemates don’t enjoy watching it.
Activity 4b 2 He’s going to watch it later on catch-up TV.
1 the long-term aim 4 the catchment area 3 He can’t go out with Bridget.
2 the estimated cost 5 p.a. 4 She’s been very busy with work and tired. She has to go
3 running costs 6 the cost of staffing home because her babysitter is waiting for her.
Activity 5a 5 He wants Danny to go out so Karen can watch Definitely
Dancing!
Suggested answer:
Executive summary Activity 4
Statement of need: St Anne’s school buildings are shabby 1 ✗ Other people ask Karen if she’s going to her friend’s house
and run-down. This is depressing and has a negative effect to watch her programme, but she doesn’t confirm it.
on staff and student morale. 2 ✗ Anthony invites Bridget out to dinner but she wants
Project description: We propose to refurbish and redecorate them to spend an evening at home together.
the school buildings including the gym, the canteen and the 3 ✗ Anthony and Bridget are going to watch a cookery
other communal areas using a local decorating firm run by programme. Then everyone will order Chinese food to
a former pupil of the school. eat together.
Budget analysis: 4✔
Repaint and redecorate classrooms: £80,000 Activity 5
New canteen furniture and equipment: £40,000 1b, 2b, 3b, 4a
Plants and benches for student garden: £10,000
Activity 6
Conclusion: It would improve staff and student morale and
1 drives (a) hard bargain 3 That’s the deal
give students and staff a reason to be proud of their school;
2 save her breath 4 have (the) place to ourselves
It would also provide employment for local people.
Activity 7
Activity 5b
Suggested answer:
Suggested answer:
I remember trying to persuade my parents to let me go to a
Proposal for redecorating and refurbishing St Anne’s School nightclub with my friends. It was my father who was most
Executive summary: This document concerns the proposal against the ideas and so I convinced my mum to talk to him.
to invest £180,000 in redecorating and refurbishing St My mum talked to my father and he gave in after a while.
Anne’s school buildings. My friends and I went to the night club and had an amazing
Statement of need: St Anne’s school buildings are shabby night.
and run-down because there has not been money for
Activity 8
refurbishment for some time. This is depressing and has a
negative effect on staff and student morale and could also Suggested answer:
cause potential health problems due to damp and dirt. I think the most common answers are friends or peer
Project description: We propose to refurbish and redecorate pressure, feeling guilty about something and advertising.
the school buildings including the gym, the canteen and Activity 9a
the students’ garden and we recommend using a local 1 Claudio 3 Dena and Diquietta 5 Chelsi and David
decorating firm run by a former pupil of the school, who 2 Thierno 4 Victor 6 Brandy
is prepared to give us a considerable discount. The long
term aim is to make St Anne’s a welcoming environment, in Activity 9b
which staff and pupils are proud to work. 1 media 5 opinion
Budget analysis: 2 commercialism 6 kids
Repaint and redecorate classrooms: £80,000 3 talk 7 cute
New canteen furniture and equipment: £40,000 4 convince 8 pressure
Plants and benches for student garden: £10,000 Activity 10a
We suggest that any remaining funds could be used to 1c, 2d, 3b, 4a
refurbish and update the school kitchens, the staff toilets
and rest area. Activity 10b
Conclusion: A bright, clean and cheerful environment could 1 You talk to me enough, you can convince me to do anything.
not only improve staff and student morale, but it could make 2 Never. I’m my own man. I do what I want.
St Anne’s a better and a more effective learning environment. 3 I get easily persuaded by kids because they’re cute.
It would give students and staff a reason to be proud of their 4 I’m not usually easily persuaded, but I can be when I’m
school and would also provide employment for local people. around my best friends.

182 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 11 Activity 4
Suggested answer: 1 talk 5 seduce 9 talk
I think I’m easily persuaded by others in a group situation. If 2 into 6 into 10 out of
the group wants to do something, I’ll probably agree even if 3 won 7 put 11 brought
I don’t want to. I don’t like conflict so it’s easier to go along 4 over 8 off 12 round
with the group rather than cause an argument.
Activity 5a
READING (pages 64-65) 1 He wants to reserve the restaurant on the 48th floor for his
Activity 1 daughter’s wedding reception.
1c, 2b, 3d, 4a, 5e, 6f 2 Samuel wants to persuade the customer to buy their
complete wedding package.
Activity 2
3 He objects that it would be more expensive with too much
3 space and that his daughter wants to be in control and
Activity 3 make decisions herself.
1d, 2c, 3a, 4b 4 They agree that the customer will make an appointment
for his daughter to meet the wedding planner.
Activity 4
1c, 2b, 3c, 4c, 5a, 6c Activity 5b
2 wouldn’t bother 6 advise
Activity 5
3 have to worry about 7 can assure you
1 build a rapport 5 way
4 Instead of having to 8 instead
2 unwary 6 inherently
5 Wouldn’t you prefer to 9 I guarantee
3 seduce 7 collective subconscious
4 common ground 8 sales pitch Activity 5c
a 4, 5, 8 b 1 c 3, 7, 9 d 2, 6
Activity 6a
1 Jason and Jerry have got Macs and Leonora’s got a PC. Activity 6
2 Leonora is frustrated because Jason doesn’t know how to 2 advise against 6 don’t have to worry about
use his new Mac and they can’t open the files they send 3 instead of having to 7 I can assure you
each other. 4 wouldn’t you prefer 8 I guarantee you won’t
3 Jerry says Macs are much better for design work. 5 wouldn’t bother about
4 Leonora says that in 18 months’ time, the Mac will be Activity 7a
out-of-date and that Jerry will want to throw it away and
get a more up-to-date model. 1 go to 2 come to 3 book 4 dating 5 blind

Activity 6b Activity 7b
1 seduced 4 common ground 7 way 1 way, I 4 Over, dead, can’t, worse
2 sales pitch 5 rapport 2 Absolutely 5 even, about, behind
3 collective subconscious 6 inherently 3 Under, will 6 Never, would, agree

Activity 7 Activity 8
Suggested answers: Suggested answers:
1 The best way to build a rapport with someone you don’t 2 Never in a million years would I have cosmetic surgery. I
get on with is to invite them to have a drink. A cup of tea believe in growing old gracefully.
or coffee always helps to bring people closer. 3 I can’t think of anything worse than taking up a martial art.
2 It is way more important to be honest and open than to be I know I wouldn’t be any good at it and would find it really
friendly and bubbly. boring.
3 I’m not fanatical about it, but I do very strongly believe 4 Don’t you ever even think about signing me up for fitness
that people will buy anything if the advertising is good. ‘boot camp’. I hate strenuous exercise.
4 Smartphones are inherently superior to simple mobile 5 No way would I ever get a tattoo. I think they look awful
phones because you can do way more things with when you get older.
smartphones. 6 Absolutely not! I’ve got a responsibility to my family to
5 Something that I was seduced into buying was a new car keep our house and look after our possessions.
that was a little more than I really could afford. 7 Under no circumstances would I become a vegetarian. I
enjoy eating meat too much.
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 66-67) The power of persuasion (page 68)
Activity 1a Activities 1a and 1b
1b, 2e, 3f, 4d, 5c, 6a The word is fight.
Activity 1b I think it was so effective because it captured the way the
persuasion: seduce someone into something, win someone people felt about protecting their country and brought them
over, bring someone round closer together.
dissuasion: put someone off, talk someone out of something Activity 2
Activity 2a 1c, 2c, 3a, 4b, 5b
2 goes down ➘ 3 goes down ➘ 4 goes up ➚ 5 goes up ➚ Activity 3
Activity 3a Student’s own answers.
1 negative 2 positive Activity 4
Activity 3b 1 The UK 3 USA 5 USA
1 isn’t she 2 have you 3 didn’t she 4 can you 2 Canada 4 Australia 6 New Zealand

THAT’S ENGLISH! 183

Answer Key
Activity 5 3 Children’s toys and games because children are too young
Student’s own answers. to be manipulated by media. Also products that are bad
for your health like cigarettes, alcohol and fast food.
Activity 6
1 Because of its rich heritage, historical significance and Activity 4b
beautiful architecture. Advertisements are all around us, all the time. I’m
2 It is named after the city’s founder, Pedro Menéndez de surrounded by adverts all day – when I’m watching TV,
Avilés. browsing the Internet or driving to work. Even though I
3 He was looking for the spring of Eternal Hope. don’t think I’m influenced by them very much, I probably
am. Modern adverts are less direct than in the past: they
4 They created missions throughout North East Florida, and don’t just tell you to buy a product because it’s great, they
even married into the local tribes. work by making you associate certain qualities and a certain
5 The most lasting influence from the Spanish is lifestyle with a product. I like to think of myself as someone
architectural. who is stylish and knows about fashion, but who also cares
Activity 7 about the environment. Therefore, when I’m making choices
Suggested answer: about buying something, I usually choose products that go
with that image in a way that’s almost unconscious.
I would like to persuade the government to spend more on
education. If you have access to education it gives you the SPEAKING (pages 70-71)
tools to do everything else. Education is necessary for our
children to have a good future and it’s constantly getting Activity 1a
more expensive. Without good education, the country can’t 1 exquisite 6 ultra
progress. 2 ruby red 7 affordable
3 super 8 mega
SKILLS WORK (page 69) 4 stylish 9 bright
Activity 1 5 generous 10 impressive
1b, 2c, 3a
Activity 1b
Activity 2 Scarf
1 In America in the 1960s, the idea about cars was ‘the bigger
the better’. Volkswagen persuaded people to change their Features Benefits
minds about this by focusing on all the advantages of a
small car, for example that it would be more economical bright red It’s eye-catching; people will notice you.
to run and would fit into small parking spaces.
2 An aspiration product means a product that people It’s very soft, so stylish you can wear it
made of silk
associate with something they aspire to be – some kind everywhere and it’s easy to hand wash.
of idealized image of themselves. The people who bought
You can keep warm in it and use it as a
Nike trainers in the 1980s aspired to be self-disciplined, fit big
and healthy. shawl as well as a scarf.
3 The Marlboro ads worked by associating smoking
Marlboro cigarettes with a cooler way of life. They used Phone
the dream of this lifestyle to sell the product.
Features Benefits
Activity 3a
They are talking about tobacco.
affordable You have enough money to buy it.
Activity 3b
1 ✗ The tobacco industry admits that it promotes tobacco stylish It will impress your friends.
products to adults who already smoke and doesn’t try
to persuade people to start smoking. 540 x 960 screen
The graphics are clear.
2✔ resolution
3 ✗ The British ad campaigns about the health risks of You can use it all day without having
smoking have put people off smoking, especially children. long battery life
to recharge.
4 ✗ Tobacco companies haven’t sponsored big sports
events in Britain since 2005. Activity 2
5✔ 1 personalised
Activity 4a 2 both the features and benefits
1 Not watch much TV so not much TV advertising, but ads 3 descriptive and evocative
online probably have more influence than I realise – 4 a call to action
Google ad words select ads that are geared to what I write
and search about, i. e. my interests. Activity 3a
2 Most powerful ads at the moment are social issues 1 affordable 5 state-of-the-art
ads – e.g. ads about refugees in Syria, deforestation, 2 elegant 6 eye-catching
wildlife protection, giving up smoking, use very powerful 3 exquisite 7 turn heads
images of nature, the human body, etc. and concern very 4 stylish 8 can think again
emotional issues.
Activity 3b
Products that I have bought because of advertising are
probably from online advertising – due to pop-up ads 1 exceptional, outstanding
from Google, particularly targeted towards me, like bike 2 sumptuous, opulent
equipment and books about cycling because I spend time 3 enormous, huge
looking at cycling sites. 4 up-to-the minute, innovative

184 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 3c Available in a choice of elegant colours – rich chocolate
Suggested answers: brown, soft dove grey or creamy white – these gloves will
2 a super sumptuous car go with any outfit and give it an extra touch of style!
3 cutting-edge technology The sumptuous silk lining is also available in a choice of
4 an ultra affordable computer with exceptional features colours – cornflower blue or rich ruby red – and will further
protect your hands as well as making your gloves even
5 an outstanding performance easier to slide on and off.
6 An opulent suite in a state-of-the-art hotel For a short period only, we are offering these gloves at
7 mega stylish boots a special low price so don’t miss it! Come and enjoy the
Activity 4a experience: the luxury of leather protecting your hands
today!
ruby scarlet crimson red
emerald forest sea olive green UNIT 7. YOUR CHOICE
sapphire cornflower sky blue I’d rather you didn’t do it (pages 72-73)
saffron sunflower sunshine yellow Activity 1
Student’s own answers.
chocolate brown
Activity 2
snow creamy white
1 The job is in Belfast and he doesn’t want to give up his
ebony black friends in London.
2 He decides to take the warehouse job because the job in
Activity 4b Belfast pays badly and the company has had bad press
Suggested answers: about animal testing.
A: I like your sumptuous creamy white wool scarf. Activity 3
B: Well, thank you. I got it at Harrod’s. 1✔
A: Whose is that sky blue bag? 2✔
B: I believe it’s Jean’s. Isn’t it beautiful? 3 ✗ He doesn’t want her to say anything about it to anyone.
A: She’s wearing a deep rich chocolate brown coloured skirt. 4✔
B: And it suits her to a tee. 5 ✗ He doesn’t want to leave his new friends.
Activity 5a Activity 4
The five most persuasive words are: you, free, because, 1 He has to decide whether to return to his country to see his
instantly and new. sick father although it would be dangerous for him to return.
Activity 5b 2 Anthony says Omar’s parents wouldn’t want him to risk
1 She uses the word you nine times, and the listener’s everything and he couldn’t do anything to help if he went
name twice. home.
2 She ends the presentation with a call to action. She tries to 3 He was ill due to overwork.
get the customer to act or make a decision immediately. 4 His parents definitely do not want Omar to return as it is
Activity 5c too dangerous.
1 S1 persuasive S2 non-persuasive 5 He chooses the warehouse job.
2 S1 non-persuasive S2 persuasive 6 He doesn’t want to go to Belfast, the pay is rubbish and the
company has a bad reputation for doing tests on animals.
3 S1 non-persuasive S2 persuasive
4 S1 persuasive S2 non-persuasive Activity 5
1b, 2b, 3a, 4a, 5b, 6a
Activity 6a
Activity 6
Opening statement
Closing call to action Suggested answers:
or question
The most difficult decision I ever had to make was deciding
Are you looking for a pair So, what are you waiting whether to go to music college or take up a job offer as
of walking boots / posh for? a background singer on tour to a fairly famous singer.
gloves, organic soap, an Both options were tempting because the college course
expensive watch? Act now! offered very good training and a recognised qualification,
Take advantage of this whereas the practical experience as a singer would be
Your friends will be really valuable.
surprised / delighted / envy opportunity while it’s still
available. It was difficult to decide which one to pick because I knew I
you when …
might really regret not getting a qualification but the singing
Activity 6c job might never come along again.
Suggested answer: My parents didn’t help in the slightest when they said it was
madness to give up college.
Ladies, with the long cold winter ahead, you need to think
In the end, I made up my mind and decided to go on tour.
about keeping warm whilst staying smart and stylish. And,
It was an amazing experience and I learnt a lot that I could
don’t your hands need as much protection from the freezing
never have learnt on a course. I didn’t regret my choice.
cold as the rest of you?
These exquisite handmade leather gloves are the perfect Activity 7
choice for the lady who enjoys a little luxury. Made of 1 Student’s own answers.
ultra-soft leather, they are exceptionally soft and warm and 2 emigrating, having a career, getting an education,
will keep your hands cosy in the lowest temperatures. changing schools, breaking the law

THAT’S ENGLISH! 185

Answer Key
Activity 8a
1 Nicole: I think progress is more important than making
the right choice the first time.
2 Jenna: the best choice I’ve ever made was definitely trying
to pursue a career by myself, without my family.
3 Chelsi: My worst decision was to work at a restaurant − I
don’t like it at all. It’s horrible.
4 Borislav: One of the best choices I’ve made is coming to
America because this is the land of opportunity and we
can all make something happen if we work hard.
5 Claudio: One of my best choices was to move from my
country to this country ... Since I was a kid, I liked eh,
technology, specially the space program from NASA.
6 David: Ah, probably when I was younger with my
friends …, getting in trouble, running from the cops.
Activity 8b
1✔
2 ✗ He liked the space programme in the US when he was a
child.
3✔
4 ✗ She thinks the restaurant job is horrible and demanding.
5 ✗ He was drinking when he shouldn’t have been.
6✔
Activity 9a
1b, 2c, 3a
Activity 9b
1 Progress is more important than making the right choice
the first time.
2 A lot of my worst choices have turned out to be the best ones.
3 We can all make something happen if we work hard and
have our heads straight.
Activity 10
Suggested answer:
I’d say the best choice I’ve ever made was taking an intensive
language teaching course. It was demanding and exhausting
as we had to do several hours of preparation every night for
four weeks. The teaching was challenging but really good
fun and the students were delightful. After the course I was
spoilt for choice as to the next step – I could choose to go
to South America, Thailand or Japan. All of them were very
tempting but I made up my mind and went to Thailand and
had a wonderful two years.
My worst choice? I really shouldn’t have borrowed my
uncle’s car without asking. I was immature and so I just
drove it to visit some friends, while he was visiting my
parents. Unfortunately the police stopped me and I didn’t
have insurance. My parents were furious but luckily my
uncle forgave me. I won’t be tempted to do that again!
READING (pages 74-75)
Activity 1a
Suggested answers:
1 I prefer this quote as it reflects my thoughts exactly. The
lives we’re living are a direct result of the choices we’ve
made and we shouldn’t blame other people for these
decisions. If you don’t like your life, then do something
about it – choose another way of living.
2 I like this quote because it gives hope. Even if you’ve
made mistakes in the past and made some bad choices,
that doesn’t mean to say that you can’t turn things around
and move forward in a different direction.
3 This quote is my favourite because I’ve often made the
wrong choice in the past, or thought I’d made the wrong
choice, but in fact my decision turned out to have very
186
positive consequences for me. It’s important to remember
that there are no wrong choices, only learning experiences.
Activity 1b
Suggested answers:
1 I usually tend to give things a lot of thought before I make
an important decision.
2 I’m quite good at making decisions. I like to weigh up all the
pros and cons and make my decision based on the facts.
3 I once decided not start a new IT company with some
friends from university because I thought it was too risky.
Now, their company is very successful and I’m working in
a job I hate. It wasn’t the best decision I’ve ever made.
Activity 2
1b, 2c
Activity 3
1✔
2 ✗ She thought he probably wouldn’t be happy with the
idea since he wasn’t exactly pleasant and was often very
bad-tempered.
3✔
4✔
5 ✗ Sheila had had some arguments with Dean before over
completing reports late but nothing like this. / They had
had some arguments before but nothing too serious.
6 ✗ Sheila might be accused of stealing.
7✔
8✔
Activity 4
1, 4, 9, 7, 8, 5, 2, 3, 6
Activity 5a
1g, 2e, 3f, 4a, 5b, 6c, 7d
Activity 5b
1 make a hasty decision, weigh up all the options
2 was / am in two minds about
3 had our pick of
4 Making the right choice
5 have no choice
6 caught between a rock and a hard place
Activity 6
Suggested answers:
2 I always weigh up all my options before making decisions.
That’s why it takes me so long to decide.
3 I once made a decision to buy a car, but two days later
I changed my mind. The car salesperson was very upset
and told me that I couldn’t change my mind, and that I
had to buy the car. Eventually everything worked out and
I didn’t have to pay the full amount, though I did lose my
£100 deposit.
4 I was caught between a rock and a hard place when I
was invited to go to a distant friend’s wedding and my
niece’s first communion was on the same day. I don’t like
weddings and I really dislike communions, so I didn’t
know what to do. Finally, I decided to go to my niece’s
communion because she is close family and I knew I’d feel
more comfortable with my close family than with people I
didn’t know very well.
5 I’m often in two minds about whether to go away on
holiday or not: it’s nice to get away, but it’s also very
expensive.
6 One hasty decision I made was when I bought my new
smartphone. I later realised that the phone I had bought
wasn’t fast enough, the battery didn’t last very long and it
didn’t have a lot of memory. I should have looked into it
more carefully.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 76-77) Activity 10b
Activity 1 a1, b2
Suggested answers: Activity 10c
2 I’d rather go on holiday to the beach. I love the sea and 1 had left 4 have left 7 were
warm weather. 2 would be 5 had listened 8 would have finished
3 I’d rather be an ordinary person because I love my privacy, 3 weren’t 6 wouldn’t be
and I can’t stand being in the limelight. Activity 11
Activity 2 1 have their pick of
1 to have, go 3 walking, cycling 5 to be 2 start
2 study 4 be, work 6 playing, watching 3 to work
Activity 3a 4 didn’t work
A landlady is explaining the rules of living in a shared flat 5 ran
to a new tenant. 6 would be
7 caught between a rock and a hard place
Activity 3b
8 had realised
1 I’d, didn’t 2 rather, didn’t 3 if, didn’t 4 it, didn’t 9 have weighed up all the options
Activity 4 10 wouldn’t have gone
2 I’d prefer it if you didn’t come tomorrow. 11 hadn’t acquired
3 We’d rather you paid for the damage. 12 would be
4 I’d prefer it if you didn’t play the drums.
Difficult choices (page 78)
5 They’d rather he told the truth.
Activity 1
6 I’d prefer it if you followed my instructions exactly.
Student’s own answers.
7 He’d rather his ex-wife didn’t come to the party.
Activity 2
Activity 5a
1c, 2e, 3d, 4a, 5b
Phil is upset because his wife has tidied his desk and thrown
out his chair. Betty is upset because her husband doesn’t Activity 3
like the changes she’s made. 1 ✗ David says the main choices relate to where they want
to live and the budget available to them.
Activity 5b
2✔
1 hadn’t done 2 had put 3 had asked 4 hadn’t
3 ✗ Dawn is finding it difficult to choose because she has to
Activity 6 consider the needs of her children and not just herself.
2 They’d rather we hadn’t brought presents. 4✔
3 I’d prefer it if everyone had left by midnight. 5✔
4 She’d rather he hadn’t left all his belongings at her flat. 6 ✗ Dawn thinks the first house is exactly what she wants.
5 We’d prefer it if he had stayed longer. 7✔
6 I’d rather they had been more positive. Activity 4
7 My mother would prefer it if I had studied law. 1e, 2c, 3a, 4d, 5f, 6b
Activity 7 Activity 5
2 I’d rather you hadn’t bought tickets to the theatre. / I’d Suggested answer:
rather you’d / had bought tickets to the cinema. I love shopping in malls. As there are so many shops, you
I’d prefer it if you hadn’t bought tickets to the theatre. / I’d have a great variety of choices and when you are hungry,
prefer it if you’d / had bought tickets to the cinema. you can stop at your favourite eatery.
3 I’d rather you hadn’t arranged a blind date for me. Activity 6
I’d prefer it if you hadn’t arranged a blind date for me. 1 great bargain 4 modernist design
4 I’d rather you / he / she hadn’t offered me a new job. 2 open air nature 5 pool parties, legendary
I’d prefer it if you / he / she hadn’t offered me a new job. 3 star attraction
Activity 8a Activity 7
1f, 2c, 3e, 4a, 5b, 6d Suggested answer:
Activity 8b I think we have a huge variety of choice of schools and
1 would be, wasn’t 3 could have, wasn’t college courses but nowhere near enough choice of
housing. This is because no one is building enough new
2 would, found 4 would, lost homes and I think people would benefit from having more
Activity 9a new homes available because in some areas, such as the
1 would’ve / have brought, ’d / had had south, it’s almost impossible for teachers and nurses to
afford to buy a home.
2 would never have succeeded, hadn’t encouraged
3 ‘d / had known, ‘d / would have saved SKILLS WORK (page 79)
4 would’ve / would have been, had been Activity 1a
5 have done, had broken down 2
6 hadn’t missed, would’ve / would have got
Activity 1b
Activity 10a 1 Jade enjoys shopping, but Megan and Damian don’t find
Zoe’s upset because she missed winning the lottery by one it enjoyable at all. Frank doesn’t like going shopping,
day. except at discount retailers.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 187

Answer Key
2 Jade: She really likes going shopping and looking for the Personal opinion: Personally, I believe that good health is
latest most fashionable items. the most important thing in life.
Damian: He doesn’t believe in consumerism. He thinks Final conclusion: Without it, even if we have very advanced
that it’s the things you can’t buy that will bring happiness. technology, we can achieve very little.
Megan: She doesn’t enjoy shopping anymore. It is more of a Activity 5a
chore than a pleasure and the special offers drive her mad.
Suggested answer:
Frank: He only enjoys going to discount retailers where
there is less to choose from and it is cheaper. ‘I have a dream that my four little children will one day live
in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour
Activity 2a of their skin …,’ said Martin Luther King in 1963, but King
special offers, discount retailers, too much choice, spending never even mentioned his children’s gender. Today, such an
on experiences omission would shock most people, who would argue that
Activity 2b fighting gender and racial inequalities are inseparable. In
1 Some out-of-town stores are standing empty. this essay both aspects will be considered.
2 People have changed their habits and shop every couple Activity 5b
of days closer to home. Student’s own answers.
3 They don’t do special offers, everything is cheaper and
Activity 6a
there’s less choice.
4 They can’t make a decision. 1b, 2a
5 The ideal number of brands to choose from is six. Activity 6b
6 Spending on experiences rather than luxury goods. 2 It is known / It is undoubtedly true that men and women
Activity 3 are equally intelligent.
Suggested answers: 3 It is believed / It is understood that different races benefit
from having separate education.
A: I’d prefer it if stores didn’t have so many confusing
special offers. 4 It is known / It is claimed that women still experience
difficulty getting top jobs in business.
B: Yes, I always spend a long time working out if I’m really
saving money. 5 It is said / It is thought that having a family means a
A: Sometimes I buy two items for the price of one but in fact, woman is less committed to her career.
I don’t really need two and one just gets thrown away. 6 It’s a well-known fact / It is undoubtedly true that all human
B: Why don’t they make the labels clearer so you can see races are descended from a small group of ancestors.
what the real cost per kilo is? Activity 7
A: Yes, sometimes the price is per kilo and sometimes per Suggested answer:
200 grams. I don’t want to spend the whole shopping trip Racial equality rather than gender equality should be the
doing maths! main priority for a world leader.
B: I’d be a happier consumer if stores were more honest ‘I have a dream that my four little children will one day live
and didn’t try and trick us into spending more.
in a nation where they will not be judged by the colour
A: Me too. of their skin …,’ said Martin Luther King in 1963, but King
never even mentioned his children’s gender. Today, such an
WRITING (pages 80-81)
omission would shock most people, who would argue that
Activity 1a fighting gender and racial inequalities are inseparable. In
1 this essay both aspects will be considered.
Activity 1b Apart from the moral arguments against racial discrimination,
anecdotes, a proposal it is a well-known fact that racial equality promotes economic
prosperity, and consequently many countries now offer equal
Activity 2a legal protection to all races. It is also generally accepted that
1c, 2a, 3d, 4b skin colour is not a justification for discrimination. So, clearly
Activity 2b some progress has been made.
Paragraphs 1 and 2 support the statement; 3 and 4 are On the other hand, although in many societies women
against it. have achieved a degree of equality in many aspects of life,
it is undoubtedly true that gender inequality also affects all
Activity 3a
races. Therefore social discrimination is often effectively
1c, 2a doubled for certain individuals.
Activity 3b To sum up, I personally believe that we should only judge a
1 moreover 2 however 3 consequently person on their character and actions and that for this reason
Activity 3c both racial and gender inequality should be addressed
equally by any world leader.
1 furthermore
2 in spite of / although / nevertheless / even though / on the
other hand UNIT 8. I NEED A HERO!
3 due to / therefore / as a result A fallen idol (pages 82-83)
Activity 4 Activity 1
Summarising expression: To sum up. Student’s own answers.
Summary of ideas: It is true that the Internet has brought
many economic and educational benefits to a vast number Activity 2
of people. Better communication has united people as 1 Jane used to be his secretary and now she feels
never before in history. Nevertheless, people can only use disillusioned by his actions.
technology if they are fit and well, and antibiotics have 2 They lost all their savings. They felt devastated and
greatly improved people’s health. Sheila’s husband got depressed.

188 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 3 3 The person I strive to imitate is Nelson Mandela because
1 Danny admires him a lot. he forgave injustice and brought peace to his country, so I
2 He does a lot for charity. He’s said to have set up a try not to mind when people treat me unfairly.
children’s foundation. 4 At the moment, baking cakes is all the rage because there
3 Danny thinks people are jealous of Graham’s success. are several very popular TV baking programmes.
4 Karen wants to write an article about the truth about Activity 10c
Graham Snow. 1 self-made man 5 total package
5 Jane thought Graham seemed charming and modest but 2 worshipped him blindly 6 striving
now she has no respect for him. 3 plucked up the courage 7 all the rage
Activity 4 4 made it 8 idolise
1 ✗ At first the scheme went very well. Activity 11
2✔ Suggested answer:
3 ✗ She says she knows he must be very disappointed. I really admire my best friend Tamara. She’s the total package
4✔ because not only is she a loving mother and daughter but
5✔ she also finds time to help out at the food bank regularly.
Not only that, she’s also a self-made woman with her own
Activity 5 beauty salon business. Her family idolise her and there’s
1b, 2b, 3a, 4b always a great atmosphere at her house. She’s always there
Activity 6 for me despite her busy life. I strive to be like her but I don’t
think I can manage it. ‘Me’ time is all the rage these days but
1 to pluck up the courage 3 worships him blindly
I don’t think Tamara ever thinks like that.
2 to make it 4 a self-made man
Activity 7 READING (pages 84-85)
Suggested answer: Activity 1a
I’ve always admired Richard Branson, a self-made man 3 carers, 4 refuse collector, 5 soldiers, 6 firefighters
who made it by the age of twenty when he started the Activity 1b
Virgin music shops. He had dyslexia at school and all his unsung heroes
teachers said he would never succeed in life but now he’s
a billionaire. Activity 2a
2
Activity 8
Suggested answer: Activity 2b
Some of my heroes or heroines are firefighters. They put 1d, 2a, 3e, 4f, 5c
their lives on the line for other people and have to work in Activity 3
diverse conditions. They really deserve our respect. 1 ✗ She was already a wealthy woman.
Activity 9a 2✔
1 Thierno 5 Kristen 3 ✗ These injustices continued until quite recently.
2 Glenn 6 Dena 4 ✗ None of her musical compositions survived.
3 Nicholas 7 Gina 5✔
4 Cheryl and Robert 6 ✗ We should sing the praises of the women whose
achievements were ignored in the past.
Activity 9b
1 Kristen: He combines music and imagination for a wide Activity 4
range of audiences. 1 put (someone) on a pedestal
2 Cheryl and Robert: They were blessed by being in great 2 put on a brave face
families. 3 hall of fame
3 Dena: She is empowering women to do more and be 4 sunk into oblivion
independent, bold and brave. 5 claim to fame
4 Glenn: He admires pioneers and explorers, and Armstrong 6 sing the praises of (someone)
was the first man on the moon. 7 moment of glory
5 Gina: She came from nothing and wrote really great books. 8 feet of clay
6 Thierno: He was a wonderful human being and role model. Activity 5
7 Nicholas: She’s a very popular person. She’s all the rage 1 moment of glory 5 sang his / her praises
right now. 2 hall of fame 6 put her on a pedestal
Activity 10a 3 put on a brave face 7 feet of clay
1b, 2a, 3a, 4b 4 claim to fame 8 sank into oblivion
Activity 10b Activity 6
Suggested answers: Suggested answers:
1 Someone who was the total package for me was my aunt 2 I had a moment of glory when I was interviewed on the
because she was kind and generous and interested in all street by a reporter from the BBC. For weeks people
the things I enjoy. She gave me a lot of time and attention stopped me and asked me if I was the person they had
and many special holidays. seen on TV.
2 I idolised Michael Jackson when I was a child, and I used 3 I took the most amazing photograph in my life and was
to have his posters all over my room and play his music sure I was going to win the award for best photograph of
non-stop. It’s strange now because I never play his music the year. However, it was given to someone else and I had
and I can’t understand why I admired him so much. to put on a brave face because I really believe I deserved it.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 189

Answer Key
4 I really looked up to Diego Maradona, but then I found out Sentence 2 best focuses the reader’s attention on the
he had a drug problem. information.
Activity 4b
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 86-87)
1 present 2 past 3 present 4 past
Activity 1a
2 She’s such a talented artist that people pay thousands of Activity 5
pounds for her work. 1 she is estimated to make
3 The child was so brave that he didn’t even cry when he 2 She is believed to be
broke his leg. 3 She is thought to have had
4 He was so kind to the refugees that they thought he was 4 She is said to have been rejected
an angel in disguise. 5 her first publisher is known to have advised her
5 My favourite teacher is such a gentle and kind person that 6 He is said to have told her
we think she’s the best teacher in the world. 7 She is understood to have donated
Activity 1b Activity 6
2 Such a talented artist is she that people pay thousands of 1 unsung heroes
pounds for her work. 2 is believed to have organised
3 So brave was the child that he didn’t even cry when he 3 sank into oblivion
broke his leg. 4 So, was
4 So kind was he to the refugees that they thought he was 5 at
an angel in disguise. 6 Such
5 Such a gentle and kind person is my favourite teacher that 7 is known to have been showered
we think she’s the best teacher in the world. 8 hall of fame
Activity 2a Activity 7a
1b, 2b It’s about heroes who fight against an oppressive government
Activity 2b or regime, freedom fighters.
1 What was incredible was that he did it on his own. Activity 7b
2 What is amazing is that so many people want to help. 1 folk hero 3 freedom fighter 5 activist
3 What I think is important is to try your best. 2 rough diamond 4 icon 6 fallen idol
4 What they found was impossible was to do it all. Activity 7c
5 What is unbelievable is that no one knows what to do. 1 rough diamond 3 freedom fighter 5 fallen idol
6 What was thrilling was that we raised so much money. 2 icon 4 folk hero 6 activist
Activity 3a Activity 8
1 The judges think that whoever isn’t chosen will be Suggested answers:
shattered by the news because to be chosen is a dream
1 I used to idolise Oscar Pistorius, the Paralympic runner,
come true. then he was accused of murdering his girlfriend and since
2 Harry’s mother is upset because Harry is so fit and strong. then he is nothing but a fallen hero.
3 Sonia’s parents won’t be thrilled with the news because 2 Davy Crockett was both a folk hero and real politician.
they think it is too dangerous. Davy Crockett represented Tennessee in the House of
Activity 3b Representatives and opposed many of the President’s
policies especially the Indian Removal Act. He also explored
Adjective Preposition the wild frontier. He died at the Battle of the Alamo.
3 The modern icon that I most admire is Oprah Winfrey. She
interested in donates a lot of her money to help others and is interested
thrilled with in making our world a better place.
overjoyed at, about Global heroines (page 88)
Positive
delighted about Activity 1
glad for Student’s own answers.
pleased about
Activity 2
depressed about 1c, 2a, 3d, 4b
shattered by Activity 3
Negative
devastated by 1 In the past some people became heroes on the battlefield.
staggered at 2 Boudica was a female military heroine. She was a Celtic
warrior whose army destroyed many Roman cities
Activity 3c including London.
1, 2 at / about 5, 6 at / by 3 Queen Victoria identified herself with Boudica and
3, 4 in / with 7, 8, 9 at / about / with strengthened her image as a powerful female monarch.
4 At times he was a hero and then a villain.
Activity 3d
5 He saved his ship’s crew when their ship was trapped in
1 in 2 on 3 in 4 in 5 about
ice.
Activity 4a 6 She spoke out against the Taliban when very few others
1 People say Bill Gates has given $10 billion to medical charities. were doing so.
2 Bill Gates is said to have given $10 billion to medical 7 No, the nature of heroes has changed because the kinds
charities. of heroes we need have also changed.

190 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activities 4a and 4b Activity 3
Suggested answer:
Speaker Heroine Reasons for their choice
My unsung heroine is my aunt Cristina. I want to sing
5 Katrina Kaif Highest great actress in India. her praises because she’s very modest and doesn’t tell
people about what she does for others. She always has a
Flora Rescued Bonnie Prince Charlie
4 positive attitude and she is always cheerful and ready to
McDonald from the British Army.
lend a hand – with cooking, homework, gardening or fixing
6 Princess Diana She did a lot of charity work. things. She inspired me to start my own online business
selling second-hand textbooks. What I find amazing is her
7 Rosa Parks She fought for civil rights. enthusiasm for life and her desire to live. She’d be overjoyed
Portia She was Prime Minister at winning because she always loves a party!
1
Simpson twice.
SPEAKING (pages 90-91)
She was a famous spy from
Activity 1
2 Nancy Wake WW2 who fought against the
Student’s own answers.
Nazis.
3 Katie Taylor An Olympic gold medallist. Activity 2a
1 Annie’s heroine completed the London marathon in a
Activity 5 bionic suit as she is paralysed.
Suggested answer: 2 Yes, Zak shares Annie’s admiration.
scuba diving, snorkeling, sailing and sunbathing Activity 2b
Activity 6 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10
1 ✗ Daytona has 23 miles of white sandy beaches. Activity 4a
2 ✗ Spring break is a holiday in the middle of the second 1, 3, 5
semester of the school year.
Activity 4b
3✔
1 said 5 was
4 ✗ Stock cars may look like family cars but they are purpose-
built racing machines. 2 letdown 6 absolutely shattering
5✔ 3 true 7 so right
6 ✗ Richard Petty won the race seven times. 4 What
Activity 7 Activity 4c
Suggested answer: 1c, 2b
Emmeline Pankhurst is a national heroine that comes to Activity 4d
mind and I believe it’s a well-deserved status. She is known 1 letdown 4 most disappointing was …
to have gone to prison numerous times to highlight the 2 true 5 shattering
cause of women getting the vote, and she was an inspiring
3 so right 6 it
leader to thousands of women. Her work succeeded as
women over 30 got the right to vote in 1918. Activity 5
1 So 6 actually 11 values
SKILLS WORK (page 89) 2 influenced 7 realise 12 admire
Activity 1a 3 made 8 truthful 13 Definitely
1B, 2A, 3C, 4D 4 realise 9 best
Activity 1b 5 about 10 everything
1 Kathy Derwent 3 Johnno Trevor Activity 6a
2 Gerry Phillips 4 Khadija Khan Suggested answers:
Activity 2a courageous
They don’t agree – Clare wants Gerry to win but Aiden wants I idolised Billy Jakes, the mountaineer. He was so
Johnno to win. adventurous, climbing where no one else had succeeded.
Activity 2b brave
Gerry Kathy Johnno He never showed any fear and was always so positive and
Khadija friendly.
Phillips Derwent Trevor
knows modest
200 kids What’s more, he was never boastful about his achievements
saved by name or thought he was the best mountaineer.
Aiden’s
teenagers and she Activity 6b
Clare opinion a bit weird
from a life contributes Suggested answer:
is unfair.
of crime a lot of time he betrayed a cause
and money Well, it was devastating to realise that he had been using
to the school money raised for the expeditions to buy things for himself –
doesn’t expensive cars and hotels. What a letdown!
revolutionary,
need the Activity 7
not an a bit of a folk
award, gets Suggested answer:
Aiden cool original hero, a good
satisfaction A: So who did you look up to when you were young?
idea guy, a breath
from what
of fresh air B: I idolised Billy Jakes, the mountaineer. He was so
she does adventurous, climbing where no one else had succeeded.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 191

Answer Key
He never showed any fear and was always so positive and wings and expand horizons. You experience different
friendly. What’s more, he was never boastful about his cultures, meet different people and hear different accents.
achievements or thought he was the best mountaineer. All of these things help to broaden your mind.
A: Really! But come on, what made him so special? Activity 9
B: Well, he was an ordinary guy who did extraordinary 1 cocoon, butterfly 3 horizons 5 cultures
things and I thought, ’If he can succeed, so can I’.
2 forget about, behind 4 understand
A: So, why don’t you feel the same about him now?
B: Well, it was devastating to realise that he had been Activity 10
using money raised for the expeditions to buy things for 1 culture 4 outside
himself – expensive cars and hotels. What a letdown! 2 art 5 environment
A: You said it! What else do you know? 3 better idea 6 globe
B: What I found most disappointing was realising that his Activity 11
the cheerful personality was all turned on for the cameras
and that actually he was a very arrogant and selfish 1S, 2D, 3S, 4D, 5S
person. He used to leave his wife and small children at Activity 12
home for months and without enough money. He was an 1 fasten 3 widening 5 board
idiot. 2 took off 4 leave 6 block
A: Too right! Do you think you were influenced by him?
B: Yes, I suppose he helped me believe in myself, but now I Activity 13
feel I want to be the opposite of him. Anyway, what about Suggested answer:
you? Who did you use to admire? I think travel broadens the mind because it takes you out
of your normal, everyday environment and gives you new
UNIT 9. LET’S HIT THE ROAD experiences. The more you travel, the more cultures you
learn about. You also get to meet all kinds of people and
Expand your horizons (pages 92-93) experience all kinds of new things.
Activity 1
READING (pages 94-95)
1 railway / trains 3 car travel 5 bike travel / cycling
Activity 1a
2 aeroplanes / flying 4 boat / sea
Student’s own answers.
Activity 2
Activity 1b
1 Anthony offers them a free weekend in a luxury hotel with
a spa and golf course. Student’s own answers.
2 Roadworks are causing traffic jams on the M4 and there Activity 2a
are delays of up to two hours. 3
Activity 3 Activity 2b
1 ✗ Anthony is rehearsing his presentation. 1✔
2 ✗ Anthony invites Danny because he knows about 2 ✗ It’s hard on the human body and not good for your health.
marketing. 3✔
3 ✗ Danny is excited about playing golf. 4 ✗ They have a lot of responsibility because they have to
4✔ help lots of passengers get off the plane and stay calm.
5✔ 5 ✗ He never stops being interested in people.
Activity 4 6✔
1 Because there are roadworks causing traffic jams. 7✔
2 She says it is a lot of driving and there were floods there Activity 3a
last year.
1 destination 6 runway
3 He says he was keeping watch for cars to make sure they
didn’t get run over. 2 turbulence 7 Jet lag
4 He decides to give up because the A4 between 3 Long-haul flights 8 Evacuating
Marlborough and Avebury is closed owing to severe 4 food and beverage trolleys 9 on-board catering
flooding. 5 Stopovers
5 They have to take the train. Activity 3b
Activity 5 1 runway 6 evacuated
1d, 2b/e, 3b/e, 4c, 5a 2 long-haul flight 7 stopover
Activity 6 3 destination 8 on-board catering
1 hit the road / set off 3 miss out 5 turning back 4 turbulence 9 jet lag
2 set off / hit the road 4 run over 5 food and beverage trolley
Activity 7 Activity 4a
Suggested answer: 1 pick, up 3 stop over 5 get away
My last trip from Malaga was a disaster. We’d decided to 2 take off 4 drop, off 6 put, up
come back by car, but as soon as we set off, we got a flat Activity 4b
tyre. I repaired it and we hit the road again. Shortly after 1 I try to get away at least once a month. I enjoy going to the
this, the car overheated and we had to pull over and call for country to relax, breathe fresh air and go for long relaxing
assistance. We didn’t get home until the next day.
walks.
Activity 8 2 I definitely prefer to be picked up and dropped off when
I think travel broadens the mind because you see outside I’m on holiday. It makes the trip much easier and that is
your own environment and it allows you to stretch your one less thing to worry about.

192 THAT’S ENGLISH!

3 I don’t enjoy putting people up in my home. I would rather 4 He was on the point of asking the passengers to sit down
they went to a hotel because I don’t feel comfortable when the captain made and announcement.
having visitors spend the night at my home. 5 The aircraft is to make an emergency landing and we will
have to evacuate the passengers immediately afterwards.
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 96-97) 6 The airport is on the point of declaring a state of emergency.
Activity 1a
1a, 2e, 3c, 4b, 5d Off the beaten track (page 98)
Activity 1b Activity 1
1 journey 3 journeys 5 voyage Student’s own answers.
2 trip 4 Travel 6 trip Activity 2
Activity 2a 1 ✗ There are more than a million motorcyclists in the UK,
but they aren’t all members of the BFM.
1 She recommends train travel because trains go
everywhere, they are really not very expensive and since 2✔
everybody uses them, it’s a great way to meet people. 3✔
2 There are eight types of train tickets. 4 ✗ It became popular after the Second World War.
3 She recommends a 2AC ticket. 5✔
6 ✗ It was founded by people who had no association with
Activity 2b
the gangs.
1 peak times 4 carriage 7 berths
7✔
2 platform 5 seats 8 compartment
8 ✗ It has been a meeting place for motorcyclists since the
3 fare 6 bunk 60s.
Activity 2c Activity 3
1 sleeper trains 3 bunk beds 5 platform Suggested answer:
2 berth 4 fare 6 peak times I would recommend people visit Granada because of the
Activity 3a Alhambra. San Sebastian is amazing because of its beauty
1b, 2d, 3c, 4a and food and Madrid because of the museums, the Royal
Flight number: BA852 Departure gate: 90 Palace and the old part of the city.
Boarding time: 11:45 Seat number: 16D Activity 4
Activity 3b 1c, 2b, 3f, 4a, 5d, 6e
2 pack, bags. Yes Activity 5
3 carry, board. No 1, 3, 5, 6
4 left, luggage unattended. No Activity 6
5 confirm, objects, explosive. Yes 1 Orlando was built around the citrus industry.
6 hand. Yes 2 It’s called the Sky Coaster.
7 carrying, liquids. No 3 Miniland has replicas of the USA’s most celebrated cities
Activity 3c and attractions.
1 Can I ask you some security questions? 4 A Master Model Builder is someone who works for
2 Did you pack your bags yourself? Legoland that builds and designs Lego models.
3 Did anybody ask you to carry anything on board for them? 5 Because it allows adults and kids alike the opportunity to
4 Have you left your luggage unattended at any time? use their imagination in ways they never would have.
6 They usually build them in sections and then assemble
Activity 4a
them on site.
1f, 2g, 3c, 4b, 5a, 6d, 7e
Activity 7
Activity 4b
Student’s own answers.
Suggested answers:
2 In view of the passenger’s unreasonable behaviour … SKILLS WORK (page 99)
she was banned from flying with the airline in future / she Activity 1
was escorted off the plane / she was fined €100. Student’s own answers.
3 Due to the lack of air conditioning in the train …
we spent an uncomfortable night / some people became ill Activity 2a
from the heat. The author seems to have a negative attitude towards the
4 Owing to an accident this morning … modern tourist industry overall although he/she does admit
that it creates jobs and economic opportunities and is
the road is now closed until further notice / there are long
essential to the economy of many European countries.
delays between junction 12 and 13.
5 Because of the heavy traffic … Activity 2b
we made slow progress / we arrived an hour late / we 1 To learn about culture and improve their foreign language
nearly missed our flight. skills.
Activity 5a 2 The expansion of the railways in the 1840s and the first
package tours by Thomas Cook in the 1860s.
1 infinitive 2 gerund 3 infinitive
3 Because employers were obliged to give their workers
Activity 5b paid holiday time.
2 The flight was to take off at 10:30 and the crew were 4 Advantages: tourism creates jobs and economic
strapped into their seats. opportunities. Disadvantages: it can also cause
3 She was about to get into her sleeping berth when she environmental problems, and break up traditional
noticed someone had stolen her blankets. communities.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 193

Answer Key
Activity 3a Activity 3a
Alba agrees that some areas were developed too fast but
A B
says that Tex should bear in mind that some of these were
very poor at the time when tourism started developing and polite not polite polite not polite
the industry gave the people opportunities that they had
never had before. Speaker 1 ✔ ✔
Activity 3b Speaker 2 ✔ ✔
Tourism in Spain Speaker 3 ✔ ✔
Contribution to the
1 60 billion Activity 4a
economy
Suggested answer:
Number of visitors to
2 21.4 million Notes for shouting at receptionist
Spain last May
tired after long journey − room unavailable – terrible shock −
3 France need to be at meeting in morning − receptionist – tried to be
Top four countries 4 Italy helpful – find another room in different hotel – she = polite
visitors come from 5 Britain and professional – I overreacted – shouldn’t have shouted at
6 Germany her − when home, realised mistake in dates mine − British
system day first / American system month first − please
Two strengths of the 7 good service accept apologies
industry 8 good value for money Notes for noise in hotel room
9 spa and wellness tourism was my birthday – wanted small party, too many people −
World leader in 10 eco-tourism please forgive me for not realising that music and voices
11 green initiatives too loud − didn’t know the person who opened door −
wouldn’t be so rude myself but take responsibility for what
Activity 4 happened − hope not spoil your evening too much − no
Suggested answer: excuse for such thoughtless behaviour
When I was younger, I preferred to travel on my own or with Activity 4b
a small group of friends to exotic places, but now that I’m Suggested answer:
older, I’m actually starting to like more organised holidays
because everything is organised for you and it makes Dear Sir or Madam,
travelling easier. All of the sightseeing trips are included in I am writing to apologise for my unacceptable behaviour
the price and the bus picks you up from the hotel, takes you towards a member of your staff at your hotel last week.
to your destination and brings you back to the hotel safe and I arrived after a very long journey to find that the room I
sound. I prefer 4-star hotels with an all inclusive package. thought I had booked was unavailable, and I’m afraid I
You really don’t have to worry about money then. As I get
overreacted and took out my frustration on the receptionist.
older, I realise I like having holiday in small groups. I really
don’t enjoy big groups and all the noise much anymore. At the time I was convinced that I was in the right, but I
have since realised that the mistake was in fact mine: I had
WRITING (pages 100-101) used the British system when booking and put the day first,
Activity 1a whereas the hotel uses the American system with the month
first.Your receptionist was polite and professional at all times
A Thank you ever so much for … I really must apologise …
and did everything she could to find me an alternative place
please accept my apologies again …
to sleep. Thanks to her I got a large discount at a nearby
B Thanks for … Sorry for … sorry again for the
five-star hotel and enjoyed a very comfortable stay.
inconvenience …
Activity 1b There really was no excuse for my behaviour, so please accept
The first version is better because it is more formal and sincere. my apologies and pass on my thanks to your employee.

Activity 1c Yours faithfully,

1 Both. Some of the group were supposed to return later to Tom Bartelman
finish, but due to the fact that they overslept, they were late.
2 A. I take full responsibility and ask you to accept my
apologies again on the group’s behalf.
REVISION 2
3 A. I do assure you that this is not typical behaviour and it
will not happen again.
LANGUAGE REVISION (pages 102-103)
4 A. If it is convenient, we can come back next Saturday and Activity 1
thoroughly clean the whole cottage. 2 I wouldn’t be a doctor now if my parents hadn’t made me
Activity 2a study hard.
1 sincere 3 If my mother had bought the newspaper, she wouldn’t
have missed the news about the accident.
2 even when it’s the other person’s fault
4 If John wasn’t afraid of heights, he would have gone up
3 impolite
the Eiffel Tower when he was in Paris.
4 a different
5 If we had arrived at the airport on time, we would be flying
Activity 2b over the Atlantic now.
1 awfully 5 apologise 9 thoughtful 6 If I hadn’t left my coat at home, I wouldn’t have caught a
2 do 6 just 10 shouldn’t cold.
3 excuse 7 appreciate 11 should have 7 If you make an effort, you’ll have a chance for promotion.
4 forgive 8 grateful 12 excuse (I think you might make an effort.) / If you made an effort,

194 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 you’d have a chance for promotion. (I don’t really think you Activity 3
will make an effort.) 1 ✗ The plane had just taken off from La Guardia airport
Activity 2 when the incident happened.
2 So sumptuous will the decoration of the dining room be 2 ✗ Sullenberger’s experience helped his decision to land on
that it will look like a palace. the river.
3 So overjoyed were his parents to see him home safe that 3✔
they couldn’t stop smiling. 4✔
4 So disappointed does she feel that she wants to cry. 5 ✗ Some of the passengers changed their lives because of
5 Such a huge problem did it become that no one could deal the crash.
with it. 6✔
6 Such an unwary traveller is he that he always gets robbed. Activity 4a
Activity 3 1c, 2e, 3b
1 criteria 3 passers-by 5 goods Activity 4b
2 means 4 diagnoses 6 cacti
Activity 4 Dialogue What was the change? Was it good or bad?
1 should I 3 can’t you
He changed his
2 hasn’t she 4 will you will you / won’t you 1 bad
manager.
Activity 5
2 He’s known to be a difficult customer. 2 He changed his career. good
3 The actor is said to have given his best performance in She changed her
that film. 3 bad
hairstyle.
4 The disease is thought to have come from a type of
mosquito. Activity 5a
5 The situation is believed to be getting better. 1b, 2a, 3a, 4d, 5c, 6d, 7b, 8c
Activity 6 Activity 5b
1 ’d rather you had chosen 1, 3, 4, 5, 8
2 proposed changing (2 would be used by a salesperson; 6 and 7 are formal.)
3 was easy was
Activity 6
4 owing to
Suggested answer:
5 have fallen by
A: Hi, ... You know I’m moving house this weekend. Could
6 it if you didn’t
you lend me a hand?
7 suggests taking / suggests we take
B: Mmm. What do you need?
8 on the point of leaving
A: Well, first of all I was wondering if you could come over to
9 spite of being / spite of the fact that it was my place on Friday and help me pack up my books.
10 ’d rather not B: Well, I was going to see my mother that evening.You know
Activity 7 she hasn’t been well. There’s no way I can put that off.
1 up 2 off 3 out 4 off 5 over 6 up 7 up 8 away A: Oh dear! I’m sorry to hear that. Anyway, what about
Activity 8 Saturday morning? Perhaps you could make it then, and
help me move some of the furniture.
1 pick 5 betrayed 9 outstanding
B: Oh, I’m so sorry. I have to go into the office for an
2 praises 6 way 10 hasty
emergency meeting on Saturday.
3 hour 7 destination
A: What, all day?
4 bribery 8 spoilt
B: Yes, I’m afraid so.
Activity 9 A: What a pity! I’ll have to try and persuade Joe to help me
1 common ground 4 jet lag then.
2 cutting edge 5 fallen idol B: That’s a good idea!
3 rough diamond 6 peak time
Activity 7
Activity 10
1 yellow 2 face 3 voyage 4 white 5 body 6 journey Cause Result Contrast Addition
Activity 11
1 I met the most incredible woman. although
2 These are the best results we’ve ever had. even though
3 Have you ever seen the real George Clooney? because of
as a result in spite of furthermore
4 You are just the greatest friend I’ve ever had. due to
therefore on the other hand moreover
5 He’s the major player in his category. owing to
instead (of)
SKILLS WORK (pages 104-105)
however
Activity 1
3
1 because of / owing to / due to
Activity 2 (= Teenagers can get into trouble because they are
2 influenced by their peers.)

THAT’S ENGLISH! 195

Answer Key
2 As a result / Therefore Activity 2
(= Children can be overprotected and so / and that way 1✔
they don’t learn to be independent.) 2 ✗ Slow music makes shoppers move slowly through the
3 On the other hand shop and buy more.
(= Parents should make some rules, although / even 3 ✗ Sometimes they are cheaper, but we may spend more
though they should sometimes let their child decide what because we feel we have saved on other things.
is best.) 4✔
(= Parents should make some rules; however, / nevertheless, 5 ✗ Companies mainly use their customers’ loyalty cards to
they should sometimes let their child decide what is best.) collect data about them.
4 Although / Even though / In spite of the fact that
(= Parents want the best for their children, but sometimes LISTENING COMPREHENSION I (page 108)
they can make mistakes too.) Activity 1a
5 in spite of 1c, 2a, 3e, 4b, 5d
(= They can feel too pressured in spite of the fact that / Activity 1b
although / even though their parents have good intentions.)
1d, 2b, 3c, 4a, 5e
6 Furthermore / Moreover
(= Discussing a choice is important; in addition, / besides, Activity 1c
talking together builds a better relationship.) 1 What I think is interesting is the new research into
(= Discussing a choice is important, as well as talking developing alternative energies.
together, which builds a better relationship.) 2 There’s an association between smoking and lung disease.
3 In the same way, doing puzzles also helps keep the mind
Activity 8
active.
1 I 2 I or C 3I 4 I or C 5I 6C
4 They spend their free time working in the garden.
Activity 9 5 At the time when there was an explosion in the city centre.
Suggested answer:
Activity 2
We all know the story of Icarus, who ignored his father’s advice,
flew too close to the sun and fell to his death. Some people say 1 fascinated
that parents should give children the freedom to make their 2 a car crash
own decisions, while others feel that important decisions have 3 their upbringing and their genetic make-up
to be made for children, depending on their age. 4 playing video games
On the one hand, children can be overprotected. As a result, 5 working people / adults
they don’t learn to be independent, so when they have to
look after themselves they are incapable of making sensible LISTENING COMPREHENSION II (page 108)
decisions. Furthermore, parents sometimes put too much Activity 1
pressure on their children to choose a particular career or expedition: party, course, meeting
studies. For example, a family of lawyers may encourage well: badly, terribly, quickly
their children to study law, when in fact they may be better
second: first, last, fifth
at science subjects.
day: week, morning, hour
On the other hand, children do need some guidance,
especially when they are younger. Parents shouldn’t let them Activity 2
watch as much television as they want or eat only sweets. 1b, 2a, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6a
However, older children should be given more responsibility
Activity 3
to decide for themselves. If they make a mistake, they can
learn from the experience. 2 The moment the weather got better he felt excited relieved.
In my opinion, parents should support and encourage their 3 At first, he thought he would be setting up watching the
children, let them find their own path in life, but be there balloons.
when they fall. 4 He found flying in a hot-air balloon a scary thrilling
experience.
EXAM STRATEGIES 5 She felt especially upset when her dog died because he
was with her son on his own.
READING COMPREHENSION I (page 106) 6 She doesn’t want the expense responsibility of having
another animal in the house.
Activity 1a
7 In the afternoon, she had a written exam an interview.
2 the value of dreaming
8 After receiving the news about the job she had applied for,
Activity 1b she was delighted went to pieces.
1 a, b, c 2 a, b, c
Activity 2
WRITING I (page 109)
2a, 3g, 4b, 5e, 6f, 7d Activity 1
1 the local authorities
READING COMPREHENSION II (page 107) 2 to get a grant for setting up a small business
Activity 1a 3 what the business is and how it will benefit the community
1C, 2D, 3B Activity 2
Activity 1b Suggested answers:
1c, 2b, 3a 1, 3, 7

196 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 3 Activity 1b
1 considerably more 3 much better Student’s own answers.
2 even fewer 4 far greater Activity 1c
Activity 4 1e, 2d, 3a, 4c, 5b
Suggested answer: Activity 2
Proposal Suggested answer:
Introduction A: Good morning, I have to talk to you about the rent for the
The business that we would like to set up is a play centre for flat. You know I haven’t asked for an increase in the past
young children. We would aim to offer services at weekends, two years.
afternoons and peak holiday periods. Our team is composed B: I know, but that’s really unfair! You know my salary has
of two paediatric nurses and a psychologist with experience been cut from last year.
in nursery schools.
A: Yes, but I’ve had a lot of expenses with the maintenance
Description of the business of the flat and the increase in local taxes.
The services we would offer include pre-school playgroups for B: Well, I’ve always looked after the flat. You know I’ve never
toddlers. Parents can leave their children on an hourly basis, broken anything and it’s very clean. I think I’m a good
simply visit the family areas such as the open playground tenant.
area or take advantage of activities for older children such A: I’d agree with that, but you know there are a lot of other
as music and drama groups. We would also organise events people interested in renting the flat.
such as birthday parties or other celebrations. B: Really? But there are other flats for rent in the same
Benefits for the community building that are cheaper than this one!
There is a lack of support for parents with young children A: Absolutely not! They’re not nearly as nice as this one.
in the town. Since the supermarket was built in the park B: You’re right. I’ve got an idea! Why don’t I help out with
area, they have even fewer places to go with their children. the maintenance, you know, painting and decorating and
In most families, both parents are working so there is a far you can keep the rent the same.
greater need for childcare facilities than before, particularly A: OK. That’s a good idea.
in the school holiday periods. Our centre would give small
children considerably more opportunities to be in contact SPEAKING II (page 111)
with other children and provide a safe place for parents to Activity 1
leave them. 1 made 5 didn’t have
WRITING II (page 109) 2 had just finished 6 was offering / offered
3 was 7 applied
Activity 1a
4 decided
1c, 2a, 3c, 4d, 5f, 6e, 7b, 8d, 9d
Activity 2
Activity 1b
1 hadn’t, have learnt 3 weren’t, wouldn’t be
1 However 2 Despite 3 apart from 4 due to 5 while
2 had chosen, wouldn’t have met 4 had stayed, be
Activity 2
Activity 3
Suggested answer:
1 That’s why 2 so that 3 As 4 thanks to 5 because of
Online learning is becoming increasingly popular nowadays.
Some people find this effective, while others prefer to go Activity 4
to face-to-face classes. In my opinion, the effectiveness of Suggested answer:
either method depends on the subject being taught. Online A few years ago, I had to make an important decision. I
learning is suitable for academic study, while face-to-face had to decide if I wanted to study for a year in Dublin or
classes are essential for more practical subjects. stay in my home town to get a job and help out my mum.
I followed a business management course online last year At the time the choice I made seemed very unimportant,
and found it very useful. I needed the flexibility of online but it ended up having a tremendous effect on my life. I
study because I was working full-time. However, despite the chose to stay home and help out my mum because I felt
fact that you can study when and where you want, you have it was the right thing to do. So, I got a job as a mechanic.
to be self-disciplined to work on your own and this can be One day a beautiful woman came to the garage to have
difficult for some people. her car repaired. I began talking to this woman and one
On the other hand, learning to be a carpenter, for instance, thing led to another and we started going out. Today, we
must be very hard to do online without having access to are married and have three gorgeous kids. Although if I
machinery and hands-on practice. In this case, you need a hadn’t met my wife, I probably would have gone to Dublin
teacher with you to observe your work and help in a practical and my life would be more adventurous than it is now.
way. Who knows?
In conclusion, I would say that there is no ideal method for
all types of learning. Possibly a combination of both online SELF TEST UNITS 1-9
study and occasional tutorials would be the best for busy
working people and face-to-face classes for students who SELF TEST 1 (page 112)
need more supervision.
Activity 1
SPEAKING I (page 110) 1d, 2a, 3e, 4b, 5f, 6c
Activity 1a Activity 2
Persuading: 2, 3, 5, 7 1 frustrating 3 disappointing 5 relieved
Refusing: 1, 4, 6, 8 2 enraged 4 reassuring 6 delighted

THAT’S ENGLISH! 197

Answer Key
Activity 3 3 I’m having
1 was moved to tears 5 gives, the creeps 4 starts
2 pours, heart out 6 hurts, feelings 5 ’ll tell
3 fell to pieces 7 is beside herself 6 won’t mind
4 hit, hard 7 ’ll have finished
Activity 4 8 ’ll be waiting
1e, 2f, 3d, 4a, 5c, 6b 9 ’ll look forward / I look forward to it / I’m looking forward
Activity 5 Activity 3
Suggested answers: 1 remind 5 recollection / memory
1 absolutely awful / terrible / dreadful 2 souvenir 6 to retrieve
2 absolutely furious / irate 3 remembering 7 recall / remember
3 utterly hideous / repulsive 4 memory 8 recalling, remember
4 absolutely tiny Activity 4
5 completely astounded / astonished 1 whizzkid 5 brains behind
6 totally exhausted / shattered 2 brainstorm 6 brainpower
7 absolutely gorgeous / beautiful 3 a no-brainer 7 not rocket science
8 utterly saddened / distressed 4 brainchild
Activity 6 Activity 5
1 How far is it to Paris from here? 1 Teresa’s a terrible cook – she can’t even boil an egg!
2 We take it that you don’t want to come with us. 2 I’ve just had some wonderful news – I got the job! / I’ve
3 We would appreciate it if you could turn off the lights had some wonderful news – I’ve just got the job.
when you leave. 3 She just / only wants to explain what went wrong – it won’t
4 I find it upsetting when you criticise me in front of other take long.
people. 4 These builders are so messy – they haven’t even taken
5 It seems that there might be a problem. their rubbish away. / These builders are (just) so messy –
Activity 7 They haven’t (even) taken their rubbish away.
1 In the beginning 5 As 5 They only / just eat in very expensive restaurants so no
fast food for them!
2 after a while 6 for a minute / for a while
6 Can you just stop for a moment and listen to me?
3 Fortunately 7 Surprisingly
4 in the end 7 Please – I only / just want to borrow it for a couple of
minutes.
SELF TEST 2 (page 113) Activity 6
Activity 1 4, 5, 3, 1, 2
1 self-deprecating 4 physically demonstrative
2 work ethic 5 culture shock SELF TEST 4 (page 115)
3 status symbol 6 stigma attached Activity 1
Activity 2 1 to increase 4 attending 7 having
1 will turn it off 4 are, trying 2 leaving 5 to aim 8 to cook, to order
2 will go 5 am, experimenting 3 to introduce 6 buying
3 won’t rise Activity 2
Activity 3 1 visiting 4 to take 7 driving
1c, 2e, 3a, 4d, 5b, 6f 2 smelling 5 to communicate 8 to put
Activity 4 3 experiencing 6 to take 9 waiting
1 used to live 4 would save Activity 3
2 didn’t use to have 5 used to like 1 would, mind 5 course 9 Will
3 would give 6 would never talk 2 Not 6 me, hand 10 please
Activity 5 3 are 7 would 11 All
1 keep 4 laughed 4 possibly / please 8 problem
2 ‘ll go 5 will go Activity 4
3 carries 6 get used, was used 1 Please forgive us / our making any noise last night.
Activity 6 2 The neighbours objected to his / him burning his rubbish.
2, 5, 6, 3, 8 1, 7, 4 3 We excused them / their leaving early because they were
exhausted.
SELF TEST 3 (page 114) 4 Do you mind my / me making a call?
Activity 1 5 He overlooked her forgetting to buy the flowers.
1 definite arrangement 4 intention 6 I don’t have problem with you / your using the car.
2 definite arrangement 5 definite arrangement Activity 5
3 intention 1 ✗ He offers to sponsor her £20.
Activity 2 2✔
1 is playing 3✔
2 ‘m getting / ’m going to get I’m going to get 4 ✗ Steve says being sensitive is important.

198 THAT’S ENGLISH!

5✔ 2 talk dad into doing 6 talk me out of doing
6 ✗ Their hands are tied. 3 put you off 7 seduce you into doing
7 ✗ He asks her to get involved and go to the food bank 4 was
tomorrow. Activity 3a
Activity 6 1 state-of-the-art 3 eye-catching 5 opulent
1 thoughts 5 misunderstood 9 Good 2 exquisite 4 up-to-the-minute 6 affordable
2 far 6 Fair 10 reasonable Activity 4
3 concerned 7 Could
1 turn 2 stylish 3 ultra 4 super 5 sunshine 6 sky
4 disagree 8 just 7 sumptuous 8 free
SELF TEST 5 (page 116) Activity 5
Activity 1 1 Instead of enduring the discomfort of a cramped seat, you
1 seven billion (7,000,000,000) can sit back and relax.
2 three point one four one five nine. (3.14159) 2 I would advise against visiting that area of the city at night.
3 three and three quarters (3 ¾) 3 The sales assistant was able to guarantee that it was the
cheapest model available.
4 nought / zero point six-six-six (0.666)
4 The travel agent was able to assure us that we’d be
5 one billion, three hundred and ninety-nine million, four
delighted with the holiday we’d booked.
hundred and ninety-one thousand, one hundred and
eighty-five (1,399,491,185) 5 It’s a long way to walk. Might I suggest you take a taxi
instead?
6 three hundred and sixty-five (365)
6 wouldn’t bother asking him. He’s only just started working
Activity 2 here.
1 All 2 Both 3 neither 4 either 5 neither 6 None Activity 6
Activity 3 Suggested answers:
1 1 metre 63 5 5 foot 4 inches 9 6.26 1 Never / Not in a million years would I take up running. It’s
2 50 6 2, 2 10 2,253.92 much too tiring!
3 39.37 inches 7 110 2 Over my dead body! I hate participating in group activities!
4 12 8 360 3 On no account will you get me a personal trainer. It’s very
Activity 4 expensive
1 crises 3 sisters-in-law 5 nuclei 4 Don’t even think about it / getting me a bike. I’ll never /
would never use it.
2 media 4 analyses 6 phenomena
Activity 5 SELF TEST 7 (page 118)
1 The number of overseas students has doubled. Activity 1
2 People say the price of building materials will increase by 1 to have 2 try 3 to walk 4 drive 5 not walk
33%. Activity 2
3 Our sales figures have fallen by a quarter. 1 I‘d rather you hadn’t used my phone.
4 Its value has halved since we bought it. 2 prefer it if he had helped earlier.
5 It was approved by 70% of customers. 3 We‘d rather you had cleaned the room thoroughly.
6 We are three times more successful. 4 His parents would prefer it if he hadn’t given up university.
7 Its speed has quadrupled. 5 They’d rather the thief had gone to prison.
Activity 6 Activity 3
1 I recommend looking for a way to solve this problem. / I 1 be 6 have chosen
recommend you look for a way to solve this problem.
2 hadn’t been invented 7 used
2 The chair proposes asking for government funding. / The
chair proposes that we ask for government funding. 3 hadn’t existed 8 wouldn’t be
3 My parents have suggested that my sister applies for the 4 wouldn’t have decided 9 adopted
job. / My parents have suggested my sister apply for the job. 5 hadn’t used 10 would need
4 The government proposed lowering the age for voting. / Activity 4
The government proposed the age for voting be lowered. 1 no 4 weigh 7 minds
5 My boyfriend suggested celebrating my birthday with a 2 pick 5 options 8 caught
huge party. / My boyfriend suggested that we celebrate 3 hasty 6 right 9 rock
my birthday with a huge party.
6 My uncle recommends listening to this new band. / My Activity 5
uncle recommends that we listen to this new band. 1 ✗ Maddy is in two minds about the job in Rome.
2✔
SELF TEST 6 (page 117) 3✔
Activity 1 4 ✗ He’s really fed up with his job but he has no choice.
1 built a rapport 5 inherently 5 ✗ There is no way he can pay back his course fees.
2 find common ground 6 unwary 6✔
3 collective subconscious 7 advertising campaign, slogan 7✔
4 sales pitch Activity 6
Activity 2 1 Although / While
1 bring him round to 5 won over 2 In addition / Furthermore / Moreover

THAT’S ENGLISH! 199

Answer Key
3 As a result / Consequently Activity 4
4 In addition / Furthermore / Moreover 1 There was congestion on the M4 this morning due to an
5 However / Nevertheless / On the other hand accident involving two lorries.
6 In addition / Furthermore / Moreover 2 Owing to a mistake on the part of the airline, we had to
7 To sum up / In conclusion / To summarise travel first class.
3 The flight was delayed for five hours on account of the
SELF TEST 8 (page 119) terrible weather.
Activity 1 4 In view of the circumstances, I think I owe you an apology.
1 So (c) 2 Such (b) 3 Such (f) 4 So (a) 5 Such (d) 6 So (e) 5 Because of the bad flying conditions, we are going to
make an emergency landing in Hong Kong.
Activity 2
Activity 5
1 moment of glory 5 claim to fame
1 sleeper 5 carriage
2 put on a brave face 6 sunk into oblivion
2 fare 6 compartments
3 put her on a pedestal 7 feet of clay
3 berth 7 platform
4 sang her praises 8 the hall of fame
4 seat
Activity 3
Activity 6
1 Joseph Bazalgette is believed to have saved thousands by
building London’s sewer system. 1 dropped, off 3 to pick, up 5 to take off
2 stopped over 4 put, up 6 to get away
2 Mary Seacole is considered to have been a major influence
on improving nursing. Activity 7
3 The Red Cross is said to operate in 73 countries worldwide. 1 c apology 4 a apology
4 100 billion children are estimated to have been given 2 b gratitude 5 e apology
vaccinations by the Red Cross. 3 d gratitude
5 Over 100 health workers are understood to have died in
the Ebola crisis.
Activity 4
1 incredible 4 dear 7 staggered
2 overjoyed 5 devastated 8 with
3 about 6 about
Activity 5
1 ✗ She says he was too violent, and it can’t be justified.
2✔
3✔
4✔
5 ✗ They were just bank robbers and murderers.
6 ✗ The proposed title is Fallen Idols.
Activity 6
1 What I find most disappointing is that the whole team is
under suspicion.
2 What was devastating was when the singer lost her
beautiful voice.
3 What we discovered is that to win you have to work in a
team.
4 What was thrilling was that we won first prize.
5 What she believed was that she could do it on her own.
Activity 7
1 Really 6 amazing / incredible
2 incredible / amazing 7 letdown
3 have 8 said
4 extraordinary 9 true
5 the

SELF TEST 9 (page 120)

Activity 1
1 trip 2 journey 3 travel 4 voyage 5 travelling
Activity 2
1e, 2a, 3d, 4c, 5b, 6f
Activity 3
1 long-haul 4 turbulence 7 cabin crew
2 stopovers 5 landing 8 on-board catering
3 destination 6 evacuate 9 jet lag

200 THAT’S ENGLISH!