ckcklkgsc vkacsMdj

vk/kqfud Hkkjrkps tud] Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukps f’kYidkj]

ekuoh gDdkaps dSokjh o cgqvk;keh fo}ku vkacsMdj gks;-

MkW- Hkhejko jketh vkacsMdj ¼14 ,fizy 1891&06

fMlsacj 1956½] ckcklkgsc vkacsmdj ukokus vksG[kys tkr-

vkacsMdjkauh dksyafc;k fo|kihB vkf.k yaMu Ldqy vkWQ

bdkWukWfeDl;k nksUghrqu vFkZ’kkL=krhy MkWDVjsV

inO;k feGoY;k- vkiY;k lq:okrhP;k dkjfdnhZr rs vFkZ’kkL=K]

izk/;kid vkf.k odhy gksrs- R;kauh uarjP;k thoukr jktdh;

dk;kZaoj y{k dsanzhr dsys] rs HkkjrkP;k Lokra«;klkBh izpkj

o ppkZae/;s lkehy >kys] o`Rri=s izdkf’kr dj.ks] nfyrkalkBh

jktdh; gDd o lkekftd Lokra«;kpk iqjLdkj dsyk 1956 e/;s

R;kauh ckS) /keZ Lohdkjyk] o y{kko/kh nfyrkauk ckS)

/kekZph fn{kk fnyh- 1950 P;k n’kdkr ckS) fHkD[kqauh

R;kauk cksf/klRo gh ckS) /kekZrhy mik/kh iznku dsyh- b- l-

1990 lkyh R;kauk ej.kksRrj HkkjrjRu gk Hkkjrkpk loksZPp

ukxjh iqjLdkj iznku dsyk- vkacsMdjkaP;k Lej.kkFkZ vusd

Lekjds vkf.k fp=.ks yksdfiz; laLd`frr mHkh jkghyh vkgsr-

ckcklkgsc vkacsMdj

vk/kqfud Hkkjrkps tud] Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukps f’kYidkj] ekuoh

gDdkaps dSokjh o cgqvk;keh fo}ku gksrs- R;kapk tUe ,fizy

14] b-l- 1891 MkW- vkacsMdj uxjkr >kyk gksrk- o R;kapk

e`R;q fMlsacj 6] b- l- 1956 e/;s fnYyh ;sFks ckcklkgsc

vkacsMdj ;kauk jksxkus ?ksjys gksrs- rj ukxjhdRo Hkkjr]

fczVh’k Hkkjr ;sFks R;kauh f’k{k.k ?ksrysY;k laLFkk

eqacbZ fo|kihB] dksyafc;k fo|kihB] yaMu Ldqy vkWQ

bdkWukWfeDl] ,yfQULVu egkfo|ky;] Grays Inn Gardens Railings

and wall on north side o R;kapk O;olk; vFkZrK] jktdkj.kh]

fuca/kdkj] odhy] dk;nsiaMhr] Sociologist, anthropologist, pedagogue,

editor ys[kd rRoKku] Social reformer, i=dkj] revolutionary izk/;kid]

political scientist, erudite, orator Lokra«; lsukuh] bfrgkldkj]

Constitutionalist o`Rri= laiknd] ukxjh gDd odhy] ekuorkoknh

fu;ksDrk University of Delhi jktdh; i{kkpk lHkkln Hkkjrh; fjifCydu

i{k o R;kaps in yksdlHkk lnL;] jkT;lHkk lnL;] minister of Law and

Justice, Chairperson, minister of labour R;kaph ekr`Hkk”kk ejkBh

Hkk”kk oMhy jketh ekyksth ldikG R;kaps oSokghd

tksMhnkj jekckbZ vkacsMdj] lfork vkacsMdj mYys[kuh;

dk;Z dkLV~l bu baMh;k] tkfrO;oLFksps fueqZyu] Hkxoku

cq) vkf.k R;kapk /keZ] ofVax Qkj vfOg>k] ‘kqnz iqohZ dks.k

gksrs \ Eg.kqup ;k Fkksj fopkjoarkyk HkkjrjRu iqjLdkjgh

feGkyk-
ckcklkgsc vkacsMdjkaps lqjokrhps thou %

ekyksthjko gs jkethaps oMhy vkf.k MkW- ckcklkgsc

vkacsMdj ;kaps vktksck gksrs- vktksck ekyksthjko baxzth

jktlRrsr lSU;kr f’kikbZ Eg.kqu Hkjrh >kys gksrs- lSU;krhy

uksdjheqGs lSfudh ‘kkGsr Eg.ktsp ^ukeZy Ldqy* e/;s

f’k{k.k ?ksÅ ‘kdys-

MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdjkapk tUe ,fizy 14] b- l- 1891

lkyh e/; izns’kkrhy banqj ftYg;ke/khy egq ;k y”djh Nko.kh

vlysY;k xkokr >kyk- R;kaps uko ^fHkok* vls Bso.;kr vkys]

rlsp Hkhe] Hkhek o Hkhejko ukokusgh dqVqach; o ‘kstkjh

yksd R;kauk gkd ekjr- Hkhejko vkbZ oMhykaps 14 os viR;

gksrs- R;kaps dqVqac R;kdkGh vLi`’; x.kY;k xsysY;k egkj

tkrhps vkf.k eqGps egkjk”Vªkrhy jRukfxjh ftYg;krhy

eaM.kxM rkyqD;kr vlysY;k vkacMos xkops gksrs-

Hkhejkokaps oMhygh fczfV’kkaP;k Hkkjrh; lsusr uksdjh djr

gksrs vkf.k rsFks R;kauh ejkBh o baxzth Hkk”ksps

;Fkkfo/kh f’k{k.kgh ?ksrys gksrs- b- l- 1896 e/;s vo?;k 5

o”khZ; HkhejkokaP;k vkbZ HkhekckbZaps eLrd’kqG ;k

vktkjkus fu/ku >kys- R;kuarj R;kaps laxksiu R;kaP;k vkR;k

ehjkckbZauh dsys- Hkhejko o;kus ygku vlY;keqGs dWEi

nkiksyh* ;sFkhy ‘kkGsr R;kl izos’k nsrk vkyk ukgh- ;keqGs

?kjhp ygkuX;k Hkhejkokl v{kj vksG[k djkoh ykxyh- b- l-

1896 e/;s lqHksnkj jkethauh vkiY;k ifjokjklg nkiksyh lksMyh

o rs lkrkjk ;sFks lq:okrhyk ,dk lk/kkj.k ?kjkr jkghys vkf.k

FkksM;kp fnolkuarj HkkM;kus ?ksrysY;k ,dk caxY;kr vkiY;k

ifjokjklg jkgq ykxys- R;kosGh Hkhejkokps o; 5 o”kkZaps

>kys gksrs- gs o; R;kl ‘kkGsr izos’k ns.;kl ;ksX; gksrs-

lqHksnkj jkethauh b- l- 1896 P;k uksOgsacj efgU;kr lkrkjk

;sFkhy dWEi Ldqy e/;s Hkhejkokps uko nk[ky dsys-

ckcklkgsckaps eqG xko dksd.kkrhy vkacMos o eqG

vkMuko ldikG gksrs- dksd.kke/khy yksd iqohZ vkiys

vkMuko vkiY;k xkokP;k ukoko:u Bsor vls o R;kr ‘ksoVh dj

‘kCn tksM.;kpk iz?kkr vls- R;keqGsp ckcklkgsckaps

vkMuko ldikG vlrkauk R;kaps oMhy jketh vkacsMdj ;kauh

lkrkÚ;krhy xOguZesaV gk;Ldqy e/;s vkacsMosdj vls

vkMuko 7 uksOgsacj 1900 jksth uksanoys- vusd fBdk.kh

vkMukokpkgh vackoMsdj vlk pqdhpk mYys[k dsysyk vkgs-

lkrkÚ;kP;k ;k ‘kkGsr ckcklkgsckauk f’kdo.;klkBh d`”.kk

vkacsMdj ukokps nso:[ks czkEg.k f’k{kd gksrs- ‘kkGsP;k

nIrjkr uksanoysys Hkhejkokps vkacMosdj gs vkMuko

mPpkjrkauk R;kauk rs vkMfeMs okVr vls Eg.kqu ek>s

vkacsMdj gs uko rq /kkj.k dj] R;kauh vls Hkhekyk lqpfoys-

rsOgk R;kyk ckG Hkhekus yxsp gksdkj fnyk vkf.k r’kh

uksan ‘kkGsr >kyh- rsOgkiklqu R;kaps vkMuko

vkacMosdjps vkacsMdj >kys- v’kk izdkjs HkhejkokaP;k

f’k{k.kkpk vkjaHk >kyk- iq<s MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdj gs

vkiY;k ‘kkys; o egkfo|ky;hu thoukr 18&18 rkl vH;kl djr vlr-

firk jkethauh b- l- 1898 lkyh nqljs yXu dsys vkf.k gs dqVqac

eaqcbZyk usys- rsFks Hkhejko gs ,yfQULVu jLR;kojhy

ljdkjh ‘kkGsrhy fo|kFkhZ cuys- dchj iaFkh; vlysY;k jkethauh

eqykauk fganq lkghR;kph vksG[k d:u fnyh- pkSfFkph ijh{kk

ikl >kY;koj R;kauk nknk dsGqLdj xq:thauh Lor% fyghysys

Hkxoku cq)kps pjh= gs iqLrd HksV Eg.kqu fnys- jketh

ckckauk brj tkrharhy yksdkaP;k fojks/kkeqGs eqykauk

ljdkjh ‘kkGsr f’kd.;klkBh R;kauk vkiY;k y”djkrhy inkpk okij

djkok ykxyk- tjh ‘kkGsr izos’k feGkyk rjh Hkhejkokauk brj

vLi`’; eqykacjkscj osxGs clkos ykxs vkf.k f’k{kdkaps lkgk¸;

feGr uls- b- l- 1907 lkyh r:.k Hkhejkokauh eqacbZ

fo|kihBkph eWfVªdph ijh{kk ;’kLohfjR;k ikl dsyh- R;kosGh

,[kk|k vLi`’; eqykus vls ;’k feGfo.ks ,o<s nqfeZG gksrs dh]

R;kaps vfHkuanu dj.;klkBh rsOgk ,d tkghj lHkk Hkjo.;kr

vkyh- b- l- 1908 e/;s eqacbZ fo|kihBkP;k ,yfQULVu

egkfo|ky;kr izos’k ?ksryk- ‘kkGsr vlrkaukp b- l- 1906 e/;s

R;kaps yXu nkiksyhP;k 9 o”khZ; jekckbZ ;kaP;kcjkscj >kys

gksrs- iq<s pkj o”kkZauh b- l- 1992 e/;s R;kauh R;kp

eqacbZ fo|kihBkph jkT;’kkL= vkf.k vFkZ’kkL= fo”k; ?ksÅu

ch-,- ph inoh laiknu dsyh vkf.k cMksnk laLFkkukr

uksdjhlkBh :tq >kys- ;kp o”khZ R;kauk ;’koar gk eqyxk

>kyk- R;kp lqekjkr 2 Qsczqokjh] b-l- 1913 e/;s R;akps

vktkjh oMhy jketh ckckaps eqacbZe/;s fu/ku >kys- iq<s

pkjp eghU;kauh cjksMk ujs’kkadMqu izfr eghus 25 :i;s

f’k”;o`Rrh ?ksoqu vesjhdsyk dksyafc;k fo|kfiBkr mPp f’k{k.k

?ks.;klkBh iz;k.k dsys-

mPp f’k{k.k %

ckcklkgsc vkacsMdjkaps vkiys mPPk f’k{k.k eqacbZ

fo|kihB] dksyafc;k fo|kihB] ckWu fo|kihB] yaMu Ldqy vkWQ

bdkWukWfeDl vkf.k xzst bu ;k laLFkkae/kqu ?ksrys vkgs-

R;kauh b- l- 1912 e/;s ch-,- b-l- 1915 e/;s nksu osGk ,e- ,-]
b- l- 1915 e/;s nksu osGk ,e-,- b- l- 1917 e/;s ih-,pMh- b- l-

1921 e/;s ,e- ,Llh- b-l- 1922 e/;s ckj vWV ykW] b- l- 1923

e/;s Mh-,Llh] b-l- 1952 e/;s ,y~,y- Mh] b- l- 1953 e/;s Mh-

fyV- inO;k feGoY;k-

eqacbZ fo|kfiB
 Hkhejko vkacsMdj ;kauh eaqcbZ ;sFkhy ,yfQULVu

dkWyste/;s f’kdqu uksOgsacj 1912 e/;s eqacbZ fo|kihBkph

ch-,- P;k ijh{ksr mRrh.kZ >kys-