MACAS, NICOLE KESARE

BAYETA, CHRISTIAN

ESCOBIDO, ADELLE

Expt.5 Acidity of Water

INTRODUCTION

Acid water is water with potential hydrogen (pH) of less than 7. pH refers to the amount of
hydrogen ions mixed in with the water. pH is measured on a scale from 0 to 14, and 7
represents neutral where the water is neither alkaline nor acidic. Zero through 7 indicates acidity, the
lower the number the higher the acidity. Seven through 14 indicates alkalinity, the higher the number
the higher the alkalinity. Like the Richter scale for measuring earthquake intensity, the pH scale is
logarithmic. A solution with a pH of 8.0 is ten times more alkaline than a solution with a pH of 7.0. A
solution with a pH of 9.0 is 100 times more alkaline than a solution with a pH of 7.0. Acidity of water is
its quantitative capacity to neutralise a strong base to a designated pH. Strong minerals acids, weak
acids such as carbonic and acetic and hydrolysing salts such as ferric and aluminium sulphates may
contribute to the measured acidity. According to the method of determination, acidity is important
because acid contributes to corrosiveness and influences certain chemical and biological processes. It is
the measure of the amount of base required to neutralise a given sample to the specific pH.

MATERIALS AND METHODS / PROCEDURES

Apparatus:

1. Graduated Cylinder
2. Dropper
3. Erlenmeyer Flask

Methods/Procedures

A. Calibration of dropper
 In a 10mL graduated cylinder, add 9 mL of water. Then, fill the container using the
dropper filled with water until it reaches to 10mL. While doing so, record the number if drops
used. Repeat the procedure twice. Next, determine the average number of drops used
equivalent to 0.1 mL. The number of drops divided by the increase in volume. The average will
be used as a conversion factor in the data.

B. Titration
In a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask, add 100 mL of water. Then, add 1 drop of 0.1 N 𝑁𝑎2 OH to
eliminate any residual chlorine. Next, add 2-3 drops of methyl orange indicator in a 0.2 NaOH.
Wait until the red color turns into yellow. Record the drops of NaOH used. Repeat steps 1-4 but
use phenolphthalein indicator instead of methyl orange. Titrate the solution with 0.02N NaOH
until solution turns pale. The color must last for at least 30 seconds.

OBSERVATION

1. Calibration
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average

No. of drops in 1.0mL 22 22 19 21

2. Titration Data

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

Drops of NaOH used 0 0 0
Volume of NaOH used in the
0 0 0
presence of methyl orage, mL
Volume of NaOH used in the
133/6.3 mL 153/7.29 mL 54/2.57 mL
presence of phenolphthalein, mL
ANALYSIS

Indicator Used: Methyl Orange

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trail 3

Volume of NaOH used in the

0 0 0
presence of methyl orange, L

Moles of NaOH used, mol 0 0 0

Moles of mineral acid neutralized,

0 0 0
mol

Volume of sample water, L 1L 1L 1L

Mineral Acidity, mg/L 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂2 0 0 0

Indicator Used: Phenolphthalein

Volume of NaOH used in the

0.00633 L 0.00729 0.00257
presence of phenolphthalein , L

Moles of NaOH used, mol 0.15826 0.18226 0.06425

Moles of acid neutralized, mol 0.15826 0.18226 0.06425

Volume of sample water, L 0.001 L 0.001 L 0.001 L

Mineral Acidity, mg/L 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂2

Total Acidity, mg/L 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑂2

𝐶𝑂2 Acidity

DOCUMENTATIONS
DISCUSSION

For calibration, the amount of drops of water decreases on the third trial while it remains the
same under the second trial. For titration data, generally there are zero drops of NaOH used for three
trials. The volume of NaOH used in the presence of Methyl Orange is zero for the three trials. On the
other hand, in the presence of Phenolphthalein, the volume of NaOH used for the first trial is 6.3mL,
second trial is 7.3mL and third trial is 2.6mL.

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES