CHAPTE

R7
STIRRUPS &
LATERAL TIES

101 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
 For 3m length For 5m length
Fy.i Fy.j Fy.i Fy.j
2nd Floor -116.058 -180.705 119.6972 -158.328
3rd Floor -92.8214 -157.002 118.8608 -151.802
4th Floor -43.3879 -107.372 118.9183 -136.364
Roof deck 30.836 -47.7588 83.6707 -87.2842

For lengths 3m

2ND FLOOR 167.83

VS = −103.22 = 116.50 kN
0.75
b = 300 mm d = 397.5 mm
f’c = 28 MPa fy= 230 MPa (verify if the section is adequate to
carry the shear)

Use 10 mm Ø RSB
0.66 √ f c b w d
'
= 0.66 √ 28 (300)
Solution: (397.5)
= 416467.71 N = 416.47 kN> Vs (OK!)

π
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2)
4
Av = 50 π mm2

A v f y d 50 π (230)(397.5)
S= =
Vs 116500 N
S = 123.27 mm “say” 120 mm

For maximum spacing,

180.705−116.058 Vu−116.058 0.33 √ f ' c b w d =0.33 √28 ( 300 )( 397.5 )

=
3 3−(0.3975+0.2) = 208.23 kN> VS

Vu = 167.83 kN d 397.5
So, s max = = =198.75∨600 mm
2 2
V C =0.17 λ √ f ' c bd
Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (300) (397.5) Therefore, use s = 120 mm
Vc = 107271.99 N = 107.27 kN
@ d+200
ØVc = 0.75 (107.27)
ØVc = 80.45 kN< Vu 397.5+200 = 597.5 mm ≈ 600mm

STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY 0.6

N= =5 stirrups @120 mm
0.12
Vu
V s= −V c
ϕ
5 @ 120 mm

102 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
forward,
Therefore, use s = 130 mm
2 @ 120mm = 240 mm So, 4 @ 130 mm = 520 mm

@ 0.9m TOTAL
SPACING LENGTH DISTANCE
180.705−116.058 Vu−116.058 FROM
=
3 3−(0.9) SUPPORT
7 @ 120mm 840 mm 840 mm
Vu = 161.31 kN 4 @ 130mm 520mm 1360 mm
V C =0.17 λ √ f ' c bd Rest
@140mm
Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (300) (397.5)
Vc = 107271.99 N = 107.27 kN
3RD FLOOR
ØVc = 0.75 (107.27)
ØVc = 80.45 kN< Vu b = 280 mm d = 402.5 mm
f’c = 28 MPa fy= 230 MPa
STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY
Use 10 mm Ø RSB
V
V s= u −V c
ϕ Solution:
161.31
VS = −107.27 = 107.81 kN
0.75

(verify if the section is adequate to

carry the shear)

0.66 √ f ' c b w d = 0.66 √ 28 (300)

(397.5)
= 416467.71 N = 416.47
kN> Vs (OK!)
157.002−92.8214 Vu−92.8214
π =
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2) 3 3−(0.4025+0.2)
4
Av = 50 π mm2
Vu = 144.11 kN
A v f y d 50 π (230)(397.5)
S= = V C =0.17 λ √ f ' c bd
Vs 107810 N
Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (280) (402.5)
S = 133.21mm “say” 130 mm
Vc = 101379.90 N = 101.38 kN

For maximum spacing, ØVc = 0.75 (101.38)

ØVc = 76.035 kN< Vu
0.33 √ f c b w d =0.33 √28 ( 300 )( 397.5 )
'
STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY
= 208.23 kN> VS
Vu
d 397.5 V s= −V c
So, s max = = =198.75∨600 mm ϕ
2 2

103 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
 144.11 V C =0.17 λ √ f ' c bd
VS = −101.38 = 90.77 kN
0.75 Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (280) (402.5)
(verify if the section is adequate to Vc = 101379.90 N = 101.38 kN
carry the shear)
ØVc = 0.75 (101.38)
0.66 √ f ' c b w d = 0.66 √ 28 (280) ØVc = 76.04 kN< Vu
(402.5)
=393592.548 N = 393.59 STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY
kN> Vs (OK!)

π Vu
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2) V s= −V c
4 ϕ
Av = 50 π mm2 137.75
VS = −101.38 = 82.29 kN
0.75
A v f y d 50 π (230)(402.5)
S= =
Vs 90770 N (verify if the section is adequate to
S = 160.20 mm “say” 130 mm carry the shear)

0.66 √ f ' c b w d = 0.66 √ 28 (280)

For maximum spacing, (402.5)
= 393592.55 N = 393.59
0.33 √ f ' c b w d =0.33 √28 ( 280 )( 402.5 ) kN> Vs (OK!)
= 196.80 kN> VS
π
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2)
d 402.5 4
So, s max = = =201.25∨600 mm
2 2 Av = 50 π mm2

Therefore, use s = 130 mm A v f y d 50 π (230)(402.5)

S= =
Vs 82290 N
@ d+200
S = 176.71 mm “say” 140 mm
402.5+200 = 602.5 ≈ 610mm For maximum spacing,
0.61
N= =4 stirrups @130 mm
0.13 0.33 √ f ' c b w d =0.33 √28 ( 280 )( 402.5 )
= 196.80 kN> VS
1 @ 90mm & 4 @ 130 mm
d 402.5
forward, So, s max = = =201.25∨600 mm
2 2
2 @ 130 mm = 260 mm
Therefore, use s = 140 mm
@ 0.9m
So, 5 @ 140 mm
157.002−92.8214 Vu−92.8214
= TOTAL
3 3−(0.9) SPACING LENGTH DISTANCE FROM
Vu = 137.75 kN SUPPORT
1 @ 90 mm 90mm 90mm

104 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
6 @ 130 mm 520mm 610 mm (verify if the section is adequate to
5 @ 140 mm 700 mm 1310 mm carry the shear)
Rest
@150mm 0.66 √ f ' c b w d = 0.66 √ 28 (250)
(362.5)
= 316498N = 316.50
kN> Vs (OK!)

π
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2)
4
4TH FLOOR Av = 50 π mm2
A v f y d 50 π (230)(362.5)
b = 250 mm d = 362.5 mm S= =
f’c = 28 MPa fy= 230 MPa Vs 45640 N
S = 286.95 mm ≈ 250 mm
Use 10 mm Ø RSB
Solution: For maximum spacing,

0.33 √ f ' c b w d =0.33 √ 28 ( 250 )( 362.5 )

= 158.25 kN> VS

So,
d 362.5
s max = = =181.25 ≈ 200 mm∨600 mm
2 2

Therefore, use s = 200 mm

107.372−43.3879 Vu−43.3879 TOTAL

=
3 3−(0.3625+0.2) SPACING LENGTH DISTANCE
FROM
Vu = 95.37 kN SUPPORT
Rest
V C =0.17 λ √ f c bd
' @200mm
Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (250) (362.5)
Vc = 81522.21 N = 81.52 kN
ROOF DECK
ØVc = 0.75 (81.52)
ØVc = 61.14 kN< Vu
b = 220 mm d = 307.5 mm
f’c = 28 MPa fy= 230 MPa
STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY
Use 10 mm Ø RSB
Vu
V s= −V c
ϕ Solution:
95.37
VS = −81.52 = 45.64 kN
0.75

105 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
 220 (120)
Av= = 38.26 mm2
3 (230)

Therefore, use s = 120 mm

47.7588 30.836
=
x 3−x

x = 1.82

47.7588 Vu
=
1.82 1.82−( 0.3075+0.2)
Vu = 34.44 kN

V C =0.17 λ √ f ' c bd
Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (220) (307.5)
Vc = 60854.93 N = 60.85 kN

ØVc = 0.75 (60.85)

ØVc = 45.64 kN> Vu

but,

1 1
ØVc = (45.64) = 22.82 kN
2 2

then,

1
Vu > ØVc
2

d 307.5
s= = = 153.75 mm
2 2
“say” 120 mm

Solving for minimum area of stirrup:

bw s
Av =
3 fy

106 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
 TOTAL
DISTANCE
SPACING LENGTH
FROM
SUPPORT
Rest
@120mm

For lengths 5m

2ND FLOOR Vu
V s= −V c
ϕ
b = 300 mm d = 397.5 mm 125.13
f’c = 28 MPa fy= 230 MPa VS = −107.27 = 59.57 kN
0.75
Use 10 mm Ø RSB
(verify if the section is adequate to
carry the shear)
Solution:

0.66 √ f c b w d
'
= 0.66 √ 28 (300)
(397.5)
= 416467.71 N = 416.47
kN> Vs (OK!)

π
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2)
4
Av = 50 π mm2

A v f y d 50 π (230)(397.5)
S= =
158.328 119.6972 Vs 59507 N
=
x 5−x S = 241.08 mm “say” 240 mm

x = 2.85
For maximum spacing,
158.328 Vu 0.33 √ f ' c b w d =0.33 √28 ( 300 )( 397.5 )
=
2.85 2.85−(0.3975+ 0.2) = 208.23 kN> VS

Vu = 125.13 kN So,
d 397.5
s max = = =198.75 ≈ 200 mm∨600 mm
V C =0.17 λ √ f c bd 2 2
'

Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (300) (397.5)

Vc = 107271.99 N = 107.27 kN Therefore, use s = 200 mm

ØVc = 0.75 (107.27) TOTAL

ØVc = 80.45 kN< Vu LENG DISTANCE
SPACING
TH FROM
STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY SUPPORT
Rest
@200mm

107 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
 TOTAL
LENGT DISTANCE
SPACING
H FROM (verify if the section is adequate to
SUPPORT carry the shear)
Rest@200m
m 0.66 √ f ' c b w d = 0.66 √ 28 (280)
(402.5)
3RD FLOOR = 393592.55 N = 393.59
kN> Vs (OK!)
b = 280 mm d = 402.5 mm
f’c = 28 MPa fy= 230 MPa π
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2)
4
Use 10 mm Ø RSB
Av = 50 π mm2

A v f y d 50 π (230)(402.5)
Solution: S= =
Vs 57470 N
S = 253.03 mm “say” 250 mm

For maximum spacing,

0.33 √ f ' c b w d =0.33 √28 ( 280 )( 402.5 )

= 196.80 kN> VS

So,
d 402.5
s max = = =201.25≈ 200 mm∨600 mm
2 2
151.802 118.8608
=
x 5−x Therefore, use s = 200 mm

x = 2.80
151.802 Vu 4TH FLOOR
=
2.80 2.80−(0.4025+0.2)
Vu = 119.14 kN b = 250 mm d = 362.5 mm
f’c = 28 MPa fy= 230 MPa
V C =0.17 λ √ f ' c bd
Use 10 mm Ø RSB
Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (280) (402.5)
Vc = 101379.90 N = 101.38 kN Solution:
ØVc = 0.75 (101.38)
ØVc = 76.04 kN< Vu

STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY

Vu
V s= −V c
ϕ
1 19.14
VS = −101.38 = 57.47 kN
0.75

108 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
 136.364 118.9183
=
x 5−x TOTAL
DISTANCE
SPACING LENGTH
x = 3.07 FROM
SUPPORT
118.9183 Vu Rest
= @200mm
3.07 3.07−(0.3625+0.2)
Vu = 97.13 kN
ROOF DECK
V C =0.17 λ √ f c bd
'
b = 220 mm d = 307.5 mm
Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (250) (362.5) f’c = 28 MPa fy= 230 MPa
Vc = 81522.21 N = 81.52 kN
Use 10 mm Ø RSB
ØVc = 0.75 (81.52)
ØVc = 61.14 kN< Vu Solution:

STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY

Vu
V s= −V c
ϕ
97.13
VS = −81.52 = 47.99 kN
0.75
(verify if the section is adequate to
carry the shear)

0.66 √ f ' c b w d = 0.66 √ 28 (250) 87.2842 83.6707

(362.5) =
x 5−x
= 316498 N = 316.50 kN> Vs (OK!)
π x = 2.92
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2)
4
Av = 50 π mm2 87.2842 Vu
=
2.92 2.92−(0.3075+0.2)
A v f y d 50 π (230)(362.5) Vu = 81.97kN
S= =
Vs 47990 N
V C =0.17 λ √ f c bd
'

S = 272.90 mm “say” 250 mm Vc = 0.17 (1) √ 28 (220) (307.5)

For maximum spacing, Vc = 60854.93 N = 60.85 kN
0.33 √ f c b w d =0.33 √ 28 ( 250 )( 362.5 )
'
ØVc = 0.75 (60.85)
= 158249 kN> VS ØVc = 45.64 kN< Vu

So, STIRRUPS ARE NECESSARY

d 362.5
s max = = =181.25 ≈ 200 mm∨600 mm
2 2 Vu
V s= −V c
ϕ
Therefore, use s = 200 mm

109 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
 81.97 FROM
VS = −60.85 = 48.44 kN
0.75 SUPPORT

Rest
(verify if the section is adequate to
@150mm
carry the shear)

0.66 √ f ' c b w d = 0.66 √ 28 (220)

(307.5)
= 236260.30 N = 236.26
kN> Vs (OK!)

π
Av = 2Ab = (10 )2 (2)
4
Av = 50 π mm2

A v f y d 50 π (230)(307.5)
S= =
Vs 48440 N

S = 229.34 mm ≈ 200 mm

For maximum spacing,

0.33 √ f ' c b w d =0.33 √ 28 ( 220 )( 307.5 )

= 118.13 kN> VS

d 307.5
So, s max = = =153.75∨600 mm
2 2

Therefore, use s = 150 mm

TOTAL
SPACING LENGTH DISTANCE

b) 48 x tie diameter= 48(10) = 480

mm

c) Least dimension of column = 400

mm

use 10mm ties at 400 o.c.

LATERAL TIES SPACING LENGTH TOTAL

DISTANC
Spacing of ties: E FROM
SUPPORT
a) 16 x db = 16(25) = 400 mm 5 @50mm 250mm 250mm

110 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
5@100mm 500mm 750mm
3@150mm 450mm 1200mm
Rest @
400mm

111 | R e i n f o r c e d C o n c r e t e
Based on the results, use this spacing for stirrups from the following
lengths:

For 3 m length:
TOTAL
SPACING LENGTH DISTANCE FROM
SUPPORT
1 @ 90 mm 90mm 90mm
6 @ 130 mm 520mm 610 mm
5 @ 140 mm 700 mm 1310 mm
Rest
@150mm

For 5 m length:

TOTAL
DISTANCE
SPACING LENGTH
FROM
SUPPORT
All stirrups
@200mm