3.

System of linear equation - Doolittle method

(a) Solve the following linear system by using Doolittle

1 4 2  x1   1 
     
2 3 3  x2  =  2 
1 3 0   x   5 
  3

From the matrix, determine A=LU

1 4 2 1 0 0 d e f
     
2 3 3 = a 1 0 0 g h
1 3 0  b c 1  0 0 i 
  

 f 
 d e 
 
 
 
ad ae  g af  h 
=  
 
 
 bd be  cg bf  ch  i 
 
 

d=1 ad = 2 bd = 1
a(1)= 2 b(1) = 1
e=4 a= 2 b=1

f=2 ae + g = 3 be + cg = 3
(2)(4) + g = 3 (1)(4) + c(-5) = 3
g = -5 c = 0.2

af + h = 3 bf + ch + i = 0
(2)(2) + h = 3 (1)(2) + (0.2)(-1) + i = 0
h = -1 i = -1.8

1 0 0 1 4 2 
   
L  2 1 0 U  0 5 1 
1 0 .2 1  0 0  1.8 
 

Solve for y by use Ly=b

1 0 0  Y1   1 
     
2 1 0  Y2  =  2 
1 0.2 1  Y   5 
   3

Y1 = 1

2Y1 + Y2 = 2
2(1) + Y2 = 2
Y2 = 0

Y1 + 0.2Y2 + Y3 = 5
1 + 0.2(0) + Y3 = 5
Y3 = 4

Solve for x use Ux=y

1 4 2   X1   1 
     
0 5 1   X2  = 0
0 0  1.8   X   4 
   3

-1.8X3 = 4
X3= -2.222

-5X2 - X3 = 0
-5X2 – (-2.222) = 0
X2 = 0.444

X1 + 4X2 + 2X3 = 1
X1 + 4(0.444) + 2(-2.222) = 1
X1= 3.668