Basic Assumptions & Principles

of
Cognitive Behavior Therapy

Asit kumar Maurya

P. G. Diploma in Counseling, Guidance
&
Psychological Intervention
 Outline of Presentation
 Basic of CBT
 Definition of CBT
 Basic Principles and Approaches
 Some Behavioral Interventions and Cognitive
Interventions
 Applications of CBT
 Conclusions
 Basic of CBT
• Set of ‘talk’ psychotherapies that treat psychiatric
conditions.
• Used cognitive and behavioral approaches.
• CBT basically based on cognition because
cognition process leads to behavior, and cognitive
dysfunction leads to behavioral dysfunctions.
• Use as individual and in group.
• As effective as psychiatric medications.
• Brief and time limited.
• use for developed Self help skills.
 Definition of CBT
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy is an action-oriented
form of psychotherapy that assumes that
maladaptive, or faulty, thinking patterns cause
maladaptive behavior and "negative" emotions.
• Modifying dysfunctional thinking and behavior
leads to improvement in symptoms.
• Cognitive therapy is defined by a cognitive
formulation of the disorder and a cognitive
conceptualization of the particular patient.
 Rationale for CBT
• Negative emotions are elicited by cognitive
processes developed through influences of
learning.
• Adverse life events elicit automatic processing,
which is viewed as the causal factor.
• Cognitive triad: Negative automatic thoughts
center around our understanding of:
 Ourselves
 Others (the world)
 Future
Basic Principles and Approaches
• People contribute to their own psychological problem
as well as behavioral symptoms.
• Individuals react to and interpret event in terms of
their perceived significance: beliefs, expectation and
attitudes effect behavior.
• Cognitive deficiencies can cause emotional disorders.
• Faulty thinking is the cause of emotional and
behavioral problems.
 Basic Principles and…..cont…
• Change mood states by using cognitive and
behavioral strategies:
 Identifying/modifying automatic thoughts & core beliefs,
 Regulating routine, and
 Minimizing avoidance.
• Promote rapid symptom change.
• Behavioral principles - Basic assumption of
behavioral theories is that maladaptive behaviors are
learned and can be unlearned, and that new, more
adaptive behaviors can be learned.
 Basic Principles and…..cont…
• Cognitive principles - Basic assumption of cognitive
theories is that maladaptive behavior result from
irrational or distorted way of thinking – emphasis is
on internal thought processes.
• Emphasis on “Here and now” principles – it is
usually more fruitful to focus on current processes
rather than the past.
• The interacting-systems principle: it is helpful to
look at problems as interactions between thoughts,
emotions, behavior and physiology and the
environment in which the person operates.
• The empirical principle: it is important to evaluate
both our theories and our therapy empirically.
 Some Behavioral Interventions and
Cognitive Interventions
• Breathing retraining
• Relaxation
• Behavioral activation
• Interpersonal effectiveness training
• Problem-solving skills
• Social skills training
• Graded task assignment
• Monitor automatic thoughts
• Teach imagery techniques
• Promote cognitive restructuring
• Examine alternative evidence
• Modify core beliefs
 Applications of CBT
 Mood Disorders
 Anxiety Disorders
 Emotional Disorders
 Eating Disorders
 Marital Problems
 Behavioral Medicine
o Headaches
o Insomnia
o Chronic Pain
o Smoking Cessation
o Hypochondriasis
 Conclusions
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a form of
psychotherapy that assumes that maladaptive,
or faulty, thinking patterns cause maladaptive
behavior and "negative" emotions.
• Irrational or distorted way of thinking thinking
is the cause of emotional and behavioral
problems.