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Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.

UNRESTRICTED Document ID: SP 1275


Dec 2009 Filing key:

Specification and Criteria for Design of


Civil & Building Works

SP 1275

This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the whole nor any
part of this document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise)
without prior written consent of the owner.
Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Authorised For Issue Dec 2009

Signed:.............................................................
Ali Nasser Al Jahadhamy, UIB/4 (UEB)
CFDH, Civil Engineering

The following is a brief summary of the recent revisions to this document. Details of all revisions
prior to these are held on file by the issuing department.

Version Date Author Scope / Remarks


No.
Revision 0 May ‘90 W. Von Schmidt, TTH/4 First Issue

Revision 1 April ‘95 BEZ/5 Updated to standard format

Version 1.0 June ‘04 Ali Nasser Al Jahadhamy, Converted to Specification as per PDO
TTO/2 (UEC) policy and minor changes to the text
Version 2.0 Dec ‘09 Ali Nasser Al Jahadhamy, Building design specifications updated
UIB/4 (UEB)

SP 1275 Page i Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Contents

1.0 Introduction.............................................................................................................................1
1.1 Purpose..............................................................................................................................1
1.2 User Guidelines.................................................................................................................1
1.3 Changes to the Specification.............................................................................................1
1.4 Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes..............................................................2
1.4.1 PDO Standards.................................................................................................2
1.4.2 Omani Standards..............................................................................................3
1.4.3 International Standards....................................................................................3
1.4.4 SIEP / Shell GSI Standards..............................................................................5
1.5 Compliance with Standards..............................................................................................6

2.0 Scope.......................................................................................................................................7
2.1 General..............................................................................................................................7
2.2 Units of Measurement.......................................................................................................7
2.3 Civil Design Requirements...............................................................................................8
2.3.1 Basic Information.............................................................................................8
2.3.2 Geotechnical Investigation...............................................................................8
2.3.2.1 Scope of Investigation.....................................................................................9
2.3.2.2 Geotechnical Investigation Report..................................................................9
2.3.3 Preliminary Civil Design...............................................................................10
2.3.4 Final Civil Design..........................................................................................11
2.3.5 Structural Design............................................................................................12
2.3.5.1 Steelwork.......................................................................................................12
2.3.5.2 Concrete.........................................................................................................13
2.3.5.3 Block Work....................................................................................................17
2.3.6 Engineering Drawings...................................................................................17
2.3.7 Design Requirements for Specific Buildings.................................................21
2.3.8 Design Requirements for Pipe Supports........................................................21
2.4 Design Loads...................................................................................................................21
2.4.1 Dead Loads.....................................................................................................21
2.4.2 Live Loads......................................................................................................22
2.4.3 Wind Loading.................................................................................................23
2.4.4 Seismic Loading.............................................................................................25
2.4.5 Design Loading For Crane Gantry Girders...................................................26
2.4.6 Dynamic Loads...............................................................................................26
2.4.7 Thermal Loads................................................................................................26
2.4.8 Blast loading...................................................................................................27
2.4.9 Load Combinations........................................................................................28
2.5 Climatic Aspects of Buildings.........................................................................................28
2.5.1 Climatic Design Criteria................................................................................28
2.5.2 Siting & Orientation.......................................................................................28
2.6 Means of Escape and Fire Protection..............................................................................32
2.7 Minimum Building Requirements..................................................................................33
2.7.1 PDO Buildings...............................................................................................33
2.7.1.1 Control Room Buildings...............................................................................33
2.7.1.2 PDO Office Buildings....................................................................................33
2.7.1.3 PDO Sleeping Accommodation.....................................................................34
2.7.1.4 PDO Ablution Requirements.........................................................................34
2.7.2 Contractors Buildings....................................................................................34
2.7.3 Permanent Accommodation for Contractors (PAC) Buildings......................35
2.7.3.1 SS Accommodation & Ablution Facilities....................................................35
2.7.3.2 JS/JE Accommodation & Ablution Facilities................................................35
2.7.2.3 Kitchen and Messing Facilities.....................................................................36
2.8 Building Elements and Finishes.....................................................................................43
2.8.1 Walls...............................................................................................................43
2.8.1.1 Structural Loading.........................................................................................43
2.8.1.2 Thermal Requirements..................................................................................44
2.8.1.3 Noise Requirements.......................................................................................44
2.8.1.4 Thermal Movements / Structural Freedom...................................................44
2.8.1.5 Economic Aspects..........................................................................................45
2.8.1.6 Wall Finishes.................................................................................................45

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.8.2 Floors..............................................................................................................45
2.8.2.1 External Floors & Hard standings................................................................45
2.8.2.2 Internal Floors...............................................................................................45
2.8.2.3 Floor Finishes................................................................................................46
2.8.3 Skirting...........................................................................................................46
2.8.4 Ceilings...........................................................................................................46
2.8.5 Doors...............................................................................................................46
2.8.6 Windows.........................................................................................................46
2.8.7 Ironmongery...................................................................................................47
2.9 Staircases and Platforms.................................................................................................47
2.9.1 Flow Capacities of Staircases.........................................................................47
2.9.2 Riser / Going Relationship.............................................................................48
2.9.3 Fire Rating for Structures...............................................................................51
2.10 Roofs.....................................................................................................................56
2.10.1 Thermal Requirement....................................................................................56
2.10.2 Water Discharge.............................................................................................56
2.10.3 Flat Roofs........................................................................................................56
2.10.4 Pitched Roofs..................................................................................................57
2.10.5 Roof Sheeting.................................................................................................57
2.11 Built-in-Furniture.................................................................................................58
2.12 Security.................................................................................................................58
2.12.1 Fencing and Gates..........................................................................................58
2.13 Paint Finish & Colour..........................................................................................60
2.13.1 External Surfaces............................................................................................61
2.13.2 Internal Surfaces.............................................................................................61
2.14 External Works.....................................................................................................61
2.14.1 Site Preparation..............................................................................................61
2.14.2 Landscaping...................................................................................................61
2.14.2.1 Hard Landscaping.......................................................................................62
2.14.2.2 Soft Landscaping.........................................................................................62
2.14.2.3 Screening Requirements..............................................................................62
2.14.3 Roads..............................................................................................................62
2.14.3.1 Internal Access Road...................................................................................62
2.14.3.2 External Access Roads................................................................................63
2.14.4 Car Parks........................................................................................................64
2.14.4.1 Standard Parking Layout.............................................................................64
2.14.4.2 Car Parks Construction...............................................................................64
2.14.4.3 Road Signs & Markings..............................................................................64
2.14.5 Materials Storage Yards.................................................................................73
2.14.6 Footpaths........................................................................................................73
2.14.6.1 Footpath Dimensions...................................................................................73
2.14.6.2 Footpath Construction.................................................................................73
2.15 Building Services Design Requirements.............................................................73
2.15.1 Manufacturers & Vendors..............................................................................74
2.15.2 Specification & Drawings..............................................................................74
2.15.3 As Built Drawings..........................................................................................74
2.15.4 External Services............................................................................................74
2.16 Air-Conditioning & Ventilation...........................................................................74
2.16.1 Design Criteria for Air Conditioning & Ventilation Works...........................75
2.16.1.1 Outdoor Conditions.....................................................................................75
2.16.1.2 Indoor Conditions........................................................................................76
2.16.1.3 Equipment Overcapacity.............................................................................76
2.16.2 Specialist Areas..............................................................................................76
2.16.2.1 Battery rooms...............................................................................................76
2.16.2.2 Control Rooms and Field Auxiliary Rooms................................................77
2.16.2.2 Electrical Substations & Switch Houses.....................................................77
2.16.2.3 Gas Bottle Stores.........................................................................................78
2.16.2.4 Kitchens.......................................................................................................78
2.16.2.5 Laboratories.................................................................................................78
2.16.2.6 Temporary Buildings...................................................................................79
2.16.3 Condensate Drains.........................................................................................79
2.16.4 Refrigerant Pipe work....................................................................................79
2.16.5 Automatic Shutdown......................................................................................79

SP 1275 Page iii Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

2.16.6 Legionnaires Disease......................................................................................79


2.17 Plumbing..............................................................................................................80
2.17.1 Potable Water..................................................................................................80
2.17.1.1 Water Demand.............................................................................................80
2.17.1.2 Isolating Valves, Air Valves, Washouts.......................................................81
2.17.1.3 Water Meters................................................................................................82
2.17.1.4 Storage.........................................................................................................82
2.17.1.5 Pumping.......................................................................................................82
2.17.1.6 Sterilisation..................................................................................................82
2.17.2 Domestic Hot & Cold Water................................................................................82
2.17.2.1 Water Consumption.....................................................................................82
2.17.2.2 Water Systems..............................................................................................83
2.17.2.3 Isolation.......................................................................................................83
2.17.2.4 Insulation.....................................................................................................83
2.17.2.5 Sterilisation..................................................................................................83
2.17.2.6 Flush Control Valves...................................................................................83
2.17.2.7 Water Closet spray Assemblies....................................................................84
2.17.2.8 Emergency Showers....................................................................................84
2.17.2.9 Emergency Eye Wash Stations....................................................................84
2.17.2.10 Hot Water Service Dead legs.....................................................................84
2.17.3 Drainage.........................................................................................................84
2.17.4 Sewerage.........................................................................................................84
2.17.4.1 Toilets...........................................................................................................85
2.17.4.2 Flow Rates...................................................................................................85
2.17.4.3 Minimum Pipe Diameters...........................................................................86
2.17.4.4 Design velocities..........................................................................................86
2.17.4.5 Location of Manholes..................................................................................86
2.17.4.6 Interceptors..................................................................................................86
2.17.4.7 Pipe work Under Buildings.........................................................................87
2.17.4.8Structural Penetrations.................................................................................87
2.17.4.9 Connection to Existing Sewers...................................................................87
2.17.4.10 Sewage Pumping Stations.........................................................................87
2.17.5 Liquid Petroleum Gas.....................................................................................87
2.17.5.1 Gas Cylinder Stores.....................................................................................87
2.17.5.2 Regulators....................................................................................................87
2.17.5.3 Emergency Shutdown..................................................................................87
2.17.5.4 Domestic Installations.................................................................................88
2.17.6 Laboratory Piped Services and fittings..........................................................88
2.17.7 Fire Fighting Water........................................................................................88
2.17.7.1 Hose reels.....................................................................................................88
2.17.7.2 Hydrants.......................................................................................................88
2.17.7.3 Fire Storage Tanks.......................................................................................89
2.17.7.4 Fire Pumps...................................................................................................89
2.17.8 Irrigation.........................................................................................................89
2.17.8.1 Demand........................................................................................................89
2.17.8.2 System Components....................................................................................90
2.17.8.3 Storage.........................................................................................................91
2.17.8.4 Pumping & Filtration..................................................................................91
2.17.8.5 Control Systems...........................................................................................91
2.17.8.6 Pipe work Identification..............................................................................91
2.17.8.7 Sprinklers....................................................................................................91
2.17.8.8 Emitter Allocations......................................................................................91
2.17.9 Swimming Pools.............................................................................................92
2.18 Sewage Treatment................................................................................................92
2.18.1 Location of STP..............................................................................................92
2.18.2 Pollution Load................................................................................................93
2.18.3 Sewage Treatment Plant.................................................................................93
2.18.4 Treated Effluent Standard..............................................................................95
2.18.5 Facultative Ponds............................................................................................97
2.18.6 Septic Tanks....................................................................................................97
2.18.7 Hydrocarbon Disposal Pits.............................................................................98
2.19 Electrical Services................................................................................................98
2.19.1 Electrical Supply............................................................................................99

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.19.1.1 Rated Voltage & Frequency.........................................................................99


2.19.1.2 Loads............................................................................................................99
2.19.1.3 Voltage Drop................................................................................................99
2.19.1.4 Underground Cable De rating...................................................................100
2.19.1.5 Underground Cables..................................................................................101
2.19.1.6 Earthing.....................................................................................................101
2.19.2 Small Power..................................................................................................101
2.19.2.1 Power Supply.............................................................................................102
2.19.2.2 Power Consumption..................................................................................102
2.19.2.3 Voltage Drop..............................................................................................103
2.19.2.4 Cables........................................................................................................103
2.19.2.5 Conduit & Trunking..................................................................................103
2.19.2.6 Earthing & Bonding..................................................................................103
2.19.3 Indoor Lighting............................................................................................103
2.19.3.1 Luminaries.................................................................................................104
2.19.4 Emergency Lighting.....................................................................................104
2.19.4.1 Escape Route Lighting..............................................................................105
2.19.4.2 Exit Lighting.............................................................................................105
2.19.4.3 Vital Lighting............................................................................................105
2.19.5 Outdoor Lighting..........................................................................................105
2.19.5.1 Lighting Fixtures.......................................................................................106
2.19.5.2 Illumination Levels...................................................................................106
2.20 Fire Detection & Alarm.....................................................................................106
2.20.1 Operational Criteria.....................................................................................106
2.20.2 Cables...........................................................................................................107
2.21 Lightning Protection..........................................................................................108
2.22 Telecom Networks..............................................................................................108
2.22.1 Data Communications Networks.................................................................109
2.22.2 Television & Video Networks.......................................................................109
2.22.3 Audio Systems..............................................................................................109
2.22.4 Nurse Call Systems.......................................................................................109

Appendices...............................................................................................................................110
Appendix A: Glossary of Definitions & Abbreviations......................................................111
A.1 General Definitions & Terminology..................................................................111
A.2 Abbreviations.....................................................................................................112
A.3 Abbreviations for Building Types......................................................................116
A.4 Abbreviations for Room Types...........................................................................122
Appendix B: Weights of General Building Materials........................................................126
Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes.....................................................................129
Appendix D: Wall Finishes.................................................................................................144
Appendix E: Floor Finishes................................................................................................146
Appendix F: Skirting Types................................................................................................148
Appendix G: Ceilings.........................................................................................................149
Appendix H: Door Types....................................................................................................150
Appendix I: Window Types (Glazing)................................................................................151
Appendix J: Ironmongeries.................................................................................................152
Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria.........................................................166
Appendix L: Electrical Requirements................................................................................174
Appendix M: CP User - Comment Form............................................................................183

SP 1275 Page v Dec 2009


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

1.0 Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to specify the minimum requirements and
recommendations for “Structural Design and Detail Engineering of Civil and Building
Works” and is intended for use by PDO and its nominated Consultants and Contractors for
the development and operation of Company facilities.

This Code of Practice is intended to:

- Set the Company standards for facilities along the facilities life cycle.

- Disseminate and record facilities related information, experience and procedures.

1.2 User Guidelines


This Code of Practice supersedes version 1.0 of SP-1275 ‘Civil & Building Design Criteria
Manual’. Other than the conversion or formatting, the following are the main changes to
this document.

- Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes are revised. Specification for


control rooms included into this specification

- Concrete surface Protection details are revised

- Accommodation facility requirements for Contractors camps in section 2.7 and its
subsections are revised

- Air conditioning filter specifications revised

- Staircases & Platforms requirements in section 2.9 revised.

For all HSE requirements, the User should refer the CP-122 ‘Code of Practice for Health,
Safety and Environmental Protection’ and other documents referenced therein.

1.3 Changes to the Specification


Custodian of this document is the Corporate Functional Discipline Head (CFDH) of Civil
Engineering. Any User of this document, who encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity, is
requested to notify the CFDH using the SP user-comment form provided in Appendix-M.

Reviews and modifications or changes to the Code of Practice will normally be made by the
CFDH every four years or earlier when justified.

SP-1275 Page 1 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

1.4 Applicable Standards, Specifications and Codes


This Code of practice shall be read in conjunction with the latest revisions of the following
Standards, Specifications and Codes.

1.4.1 PDO Standards

GU 611 : PDO Guide to Engineering Standards & Procedures

SP 2047 : Specification for the Preparation and Content of


Engineering Drawings

IP 15 : Institute of Petroleum Model Code of Safe Practice Part


15 – Area Classification Code for Petroleum Installations

SP 1273 : Specification for Civil & Buildings - ‘Standard Drawing


Index’

SP 1278 : Specification for Site Selection and Soil Investigation


Works – ‘Engineering Guidelines Manual’

SP 1274 : Specification for Civil & Building Construction -


‘Materials Testing’

SP 1279 : Specification for Civil & Building Construction

SP 1285 : Specification for Building Services

SP 1280 : Specification for Swimming Pools – ‘Design &


Construction’

SP 1281 : Specification for Roads – ‘Guide to Safe Road Works’

SP 1282 : Specification for Reinforced Concrete – ‘Production &


Construction Guidelines’

SP 1283 : Specification for Standard Sunshades – ‘Design


Requirements & Standard Drawings’

SP 1276 : Specification for Standard Control Building – ‘Design


Requirements & Standard Drawings’

SP 1099 : Specification for Electrical Installation Practice

SP 1104 : Specification for Electrical Safety Rules.

SP 1105 : Specification for Electrical Standard Drawings List.

SP 1109 : Specification for Earthing & Bonding.

SP 1110 : Specification for Electrical Supplies in Mobile Camps.

SP 1127 : Plant Equipment Layout Specifications

PDO-ERD-71-01 : Underground & Internal Telephone Cable Networks.

SP 1075 : Specification for Fire & Explosion Management

Dec 2009 Page 2 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

SP 1284 : Specification for Signs & Signboards – ‘Standard Signs


Catalogue’

SP 1277 : Specification for Transportable Accommodation Units –


‘Design Requirements & Standard Drawings’

CP122 : Code of Practice for ‘Health, Safety & Environmental


Protection’

SP 1231 : Health, Safety & Environment Specification


(Occupational Health)

SP 1232 : Health Safety Environment & SD - Specification for


Public Health

PGSC List : Product Group Service Codes List for Civil Products

1.4.2 Omani Standards

Highway Design Manual : Sultanate of Oman - Ministry of Communications

General Specification for : Sultanate of Oman - Ministry of Communications


Roads

Limits of Reuse & : Ministry of Environment


discharge of Waste Water

Bye-Laws & Ordinances : Sultanate of Oman - Royal Oman Police

Street Names & Property : Sultanate of Oman – Capital Municipality


Numbering Signs

1.4.3 International Standards

BS 449 : Specification for the use of Structural Steel in Buildings.

BS 648 : Schedule of weights of building materials

BS 2573 : Rules for the design of cranes

BS 3202 : Laboratory Furniture & Fittings

BS 4800 : Schedule of Paint Colours for building purpose

BS 5266 : Emergency Lighting

BS 5268 : Structural Use of Timber.

BS 5482 : Code of Practice for Domestic Butane and Propane gas


burning installations

BS 5588 : Fire Precaution in the Design, Construction and use of


buildings

BS 5628 : Code of Practice for the Use of Masonry.

BS 5925 : Code of Practice for ventilation, principles and designing


for natural ventilation

BS 5839 : Fire detection and Alarm systems for buildings

SP-1275 Page 3 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

BS 5930 : Code of Practice for Site Investigations.

BS 5950 : Structural Use of Steelwork in Buildings.

BS 6399 : Loading for Building.

BS 6651 : Code of Practice for Protection of Structures against Lightning

BS 6700 : Specification for Design, Installation, Testing & Maintenance of


services supplying water for domestic use within buildings &
their Cartilages.

BS 7543 : Guide to durability of buildings and building elements products


and components

BS 7668 : Specification for weldable structural steels. Hot finished


structural hollow sections

BS 8004 : Code of Practice for Foundations.

BS 8110 : Structural Use of Concrete.

BS 8206 : Code of Practice for Artificial Lighting

BS 8666 : Specification for scheduling, dimensioning, bending and cutting


of steel reinforcement for concrete

BS EN 54 : Fire detection and Fire Alarm system

BS EN 197 : Cement composition, specification and conformity criteria for


common cements

BS EN 752 : Drain & Sewer systems outside buildings

BS EN ISO 3766 : Construction drawings. Simplified representation of concrete


reinforcement

BS EN 10025 : Hot rolled products of non alloy structural steels

BS EN 10210 : Hot Finished Structural Hollow Sections of non alloy and fine
grain structural steels

BS EN 12056 : Gravity Drainage systems inside buildings

BS EN 13150 : Work Benches for Laboratories. Dimensions, Safety


Requirements and Test Methods

BS ISO 15686 : Buildings and Constructed assets – Planning, General


Principles and Prediction Service Life Procedures

BS ISO 8995 : Lighting of Indoor Work Places

CP 3 : Code of Basic Data for the Design of Building.

CP 2012 : Code of Practice for Foundations for Machinery

ASHRAE : American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-


conditioning Engineers Inc. (ASHRAE).

Dec 2009 Page 4 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Eurocode 1 (BS EN Actions on Structures


1991)

Eurocode 2(BS EN Design of Concrete Structures


1992)

Eurocode 3(BS EN Design of Steel Structures


1993)

Eurocode 4(BS EN Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures


1994)

Eurocode 5(BS EN Design of Timber Structures


1995)

Eurocode 6(BS EN Design of Masonry Structures


1996)

Eurocode 7(BS EN Geotechnical Design


1997)

Eurocode 8(BS EN Design of Structures for Earthquake resistance


1998)

CIBSE : Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers


(CIBSE) Guides.

CARRIER : Carrier Air-conditioning Co. Handbook for Air-


conditioning System Design.

IEE : Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) Regulations for


Electrical Installations.

IEC 60364 : Electrical Installation of Buildings

IEC 60439-4 : Low voltage switchgear and control gear assemblies

DIN 57510 / VDE 0510 : Specifications for Accommodation and Battery


Equipment.

1.4.4 SIEP / Shell GSI Standards

DEP 31.76.10.10-Gen. : Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning of Plant


Buildings

DEP 31.76.10.11-Gen. : Installation, Testing, Balancing & Commissioning


of HVAC systems

DEP 32.31.50.13-Gen. : Analyser Houses

DEP 33.64.10.10-Gen. : Electrical Engineering Guidelines

DEP 33.65.50.31-Gen. : Static DC Uninterruptible Power Supply (DC UPS)


Units.

DEP 34.00.01.30-Gen. : Minimum Requirements for Structural Design and


Engineering

SP-1275 Page 5 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

DEP 34.17.00.32-Gen. : Design and Engineering of Buildings

DEP 34.17.10.30-Gen. : Reinforced Control Buildings (Explosive Proof)

DEP 34.17.10.31-Gen. : Laboratories

DEP 34.19.20.11-Gen. : Fire Hazards and Fireproofing/cold splash


protection of steel structures

DEP 34.28.00.31-Gen. : Steel Structures

DEP 80.00.10.10-Gen. : Area Classification (Amendment / Supplement to IP


15)

1.5 Compliance with Standards


Any deviations from this part of Code of practice shall be subject to Company approval and
shall be advised in writing to the Custodian.

In all cases, the Company shall determine the adequacy of the design carried out and Works
executed by the Contractor in accordance with this Code of Practices.

Dec 2009 Page 6 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.0 Scope
2.1 General
This Code of Practice is an Engineering requirement for the Company Civil & Building
Facilities and includes applicable design and detailing data and requirements.

2.2 Units of Measurement


In general, the SI Units of Measurements shall apply. In addition, the following are used in
this document.

Acidity / Alkalinity of Water : pH

Biochemical oxygen demand : BOD

Dimension : metre, millimetre m, mm

Electrical resistance : ohms

Flow : litres per second l/s

Force : Newton N = 0.9807 kg

Frequency : hertz Hz

Power : watt, kilowatt W, kW

Pressure : kilopascals (gauge) kPa, kPa(g)

Atmospheres bar 100 kPa

Noise : decibel ‘A’ scale dBA

Refrigeration : : kilowatt kW

: Tons of refrigeration TR = 3.517 kW

Relative Humidity : RH

Temperature : degrees Celsius C


0

Velocity : metres per second m/s

Weight : gram, kilogram g, kg

SP-1275 Page 7 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

2.3 Civil Design Requirements


2.3.1 Basic Information

The Company should provide the information required to carry out the project to the
Consultant in the following form:

- Scope of works

- Project specification

- Location drawing(s)

The information should include, but not be limited to, the following:

- The intended use of the structure(s) or project

- The required Design Life of the structure or various structures indicating


whether permanent, semi-permanent or temporary (as defined in Appendix
A section A.1 of this document).

- Any information on existing site surveys, site investigations etc. that may
be available.

The Consultant shall bear in mind the following:

Building appearance shall conform to established PDO requirements, local customs, and if
applicable, existing buildings.

Engineering drawings shall comply with SP 2047 ‘Specification for the Preparation and
Content of Engineering Drawings’ and shall be issued in the following stages:

- For Comments and Approval

- For Tender (If Applicable)

- For Construction

- As built

Building should be designed to allow for future horizontal extension unless specified
otherwise by the Company.

2.3.2 Geotechnical Investigation

The purpose of geotechnical investigation is to provide information on the soil conditions


for design and construction of civil and structural engineering works. The geotechnical
investigation work shall be carried out in accordance with DEP 34.11.00.10: ‘Site
Investigations’.

The main aims of a geotechnical investigation may be defined as follows:

- To enable a safe, durable and economic design for the works to be


produced.

- To enable the works to be constructed safely.

- To ensure that the construction of the works does not infringe on


environmental requirements.

Dec 2009 Page 8 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.3.2.1 Scope of Investigation

Depending on the requirements of the project, the investigation may be used to obtain
information on, but not limited to, the following:

- Safe Bearing capacity

- Settlement (total and differential settlements)

- Behaviour of ground water level in respect of uplift on foundations, effects


on bearing capacity, pollution and flooding into excavations

- Slope stability of embankments, cuttings and excavations

- Swelling properties of soils (clays, silts, gypsum etc.)

- Suitability of soil for fill

- Chemical composition of soil and groundwater with particular reference to


chemical attack/corrosion on construction materials

- Dynamic Shear Modulus of soil for Machine Foundations

- Details of rock strata, dip, strike etc.

The Consultant however, shall carefully investigate the necessity for a geotechnical
investigation, and if required, the type of information needed. The Consultant may
consider the following:

A study of available information of the area such as geological maps, water and oil well
logs, hydrological data and geotechnical investigation reports of adjacent sites.

A site visit shall be carried out to obtain the information on the type and behaviour of
adjacent structures (cracks, sags due to differential settlements, rock outcrops that give an
indication of the presence of the depth of bedrock etc).

For extensions, single storey buildings on raft type foundations, pipelines etc., the
Consultant may consider a geotechnical investigation unnecessary based on the information
obtained from above, nevertheless it is the Consultant’s responsibility to ensure foundations
are suitable for the building/ structure and ground conditions.

However, for multi-storey structures, installation of large sized tanks (where settlement
predictions are important), installation of vibrating or rotary equipment (with considerable
dynamic loading) etc, dedicated geotechnical investigations shall be undertaken.

2.3.2.2 Geotechnical Investigation Report

Geotechnical Investigation Reports shall comply with DEP 34.11.00.10: ‘Site


Investigations’ and BS-5930: Code of Practice for Site Investigations.

The report shall provide information on the items noted in section 2.3.2.1 as necessary.
The report shall be factual with engineering recommendations.

Recommendations, information and discussions shall be based on anticipated details of the


structure such as, type of foundations, founding levels, foundation loadings, overturning
forces, construction procedures and details and any special construction methods. Should
any of these items significantly change during the procedure of design, the Consultant shall
review the validity of the original report recommendations and seek further advice as
necessary.

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The geotechnical report shall clearly state how the recommendations have been arrived at
and shall include copies of the Terrzaghi curves used etc, to enable the Consultant to
conclude the magnitude of safety factors used to obtain the allowable bearing pressures, etc.

All reports shall be loaded in electronic form to PDO live link system for reference.

2.3.3 Preliminary Civil Design

The Consultant shall undertake preliminary designs. During this process, the Consultant
shall advise the Company on alterations considered necessary, if any, regarding orientation,
location etc, in view of local climatic conditions, topography or any other aspects. Such
alternations shall only be implemented if agreed by the Company.

In order to achieve preliminary designs, the Consultant shall be fully acquainted with the
site. To obtain the necessary knowledge the Consultant shall visit the site. The number of
visits, and personnel visiting the site, will be dependent on the project; however, the
Consultant shall ensure adequate knowledge is gained.

Preliminary designs shall comprise:

- Site surveys (preliminary or final), which shall include details of existing


services, etc, as applicable (Various site and topographical surveys are
already available within the Company).

- Site layout plan(s), showing the location of buildings and plant, and
indicating true North and prevailing wind direction(s).

- A plan of every floor, indicating positions, dimensions, levels and intended


use of the rooms in the building, including typical furniture and equipment
layout where applicable.

- Schematic elevations and typical cross sections.

- Details of ground water levels for buildings containing basements.

- Schedules of basic structural materials (concrete, steel, timber, etc,).

Locally manufactured materials shall be used wherever possible as long as such materials
are technically acceptable, in support of the Company’s drive to promote local industry.

The Consultant is required, to some extent, to consider relaxing design specifications (and
hence investigate the financial consequences of the resulting operating and capital costs
associated with such a relaxation). All other civil/ building materials shall be chosen out
from the Company PGSC (Product Group Service Codes) list for Civil Products. All of
which (with minor exceptions) have local agents.

- Preliminary civil/ structural design assessment to cover structural stability,


robustness, concept, preliminary sizing of major elements and details of
any key elements.

- A list of any assumed design parameters.

Preliminary designs shall include details of alternative construction and cost comparisons
in order to achieve both technically and economically viable solutions.

2.3.4 Final Civil Design

The Consultant shall obtain, as a minimum, the following information in order to


undertake the final design and details.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

- Intended use of structure (refer section 2.3.1).

- The design life of the structure (Temporary, Semi-permanent or Permanent (refer


Appendix A section A.1).

- Detailed site surveys including details of all existing services (if applicable) and
likely future building service runs for water, power, sewage disposal, telephones, etc.

- Soil Investigation (refer section 2.3.2)

- Design load requirements including meteorology (refer section 2.4)

- Details of surrounding topography

- Details of exposure conditions (acidic environment, saline environment, etc.)

The Consultant shall produce thorough and complete sets of detailed design calculations
and shall be approved by the Company. All calculations shall indicate, clearly and
concisely the output and conclusions of each particular solution.

Calculations shall be preceded with a standard information sheet, containing all of the
above information and additional details as shown in the project related drawings and
documents. The design statement shall summarise all relevant starting points for the
calculation, such as load data, design basis, code reference and method of analysis.

The following Codes of Practice and British Standards shall be used as a minimum for the
final design, unless alternative codes are agreed and approved by the Company.

BS 5268 : Structural use of Timber

BS 5628 : Code of Practice for the use of Masonry

BS 5950 : Structural use of Steelwork in Buildings

BS 6399 : Loading for Building

BS 8004 : Code of Practice for Foundations

BS 8110 : Structural use of Concrete

CP 3 : Code of Basic Data for the Design of Building.

CP 2012 : Code of Practice for Foundations for Machinery

Final design shall include, but not be limited to:

- Layout plan(s) showing the locations and orientation of the building(s).

- Full working drawings showing the structural and civil designs of the entire
project giving full details of all the elements in the building(s) (refer section
2.3.6).

- Full working drawings showing all the architectural, mechanical, electrical and
plumbing details for the entire project (refer section 2.3.6).

- Plans of every floor and roof, cross sections through individual floors and
essential elevations of the building. These drawings shall show the position,
form, dimensions and materials of all the various parts of the buildings and
structures.

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

- Collected design data and calculations for climatic consideration, logically


leading to the conditions expected to prevail in the building.

- Proof, by means of calculations, material and equipment data that the criteria
for comfort shall be satisfied.

- Particular Specifications of works, to be added to the PDO Standard


Specifications, and any other specifications necessary, in sufficient detail to
invite competitive bids from erection contractors, so drafted as to provide
minimum possible disparity between the interpretations by such contractors.
These specifications shall also include a concept programme of erection, the
final material specifications and working details.

- Such additional detailed designs, specifications and drawings, in order to


define fully all details of the building, and to ensure a smooth and effective
completion of the work.

- A complete set of calculations for all disciplines, properly headed, indexed and
numbered, with the contract number on each sheet. All sheets shall be A4
format and of a suitable quality for easy reproduction.

2.3.5 Structural Design

In the design for structural elements, the load factors, material factors, permissible stresses,
etc. shall be in accordance with the requirements of the design code being applied. Due
consideration shall be given to exceptional load conditions and accident cases for which the
design may be undertaken with reduced load and material safety factors as allowed by the
design code. Refer to Appendix B for Weights of General Building Material and Appendix
C for Live Loads.

2.3.5.1 Steelwork

Deflection in steel structures shall be limited to the values given in Table 1.

Deflections due to dead loads, where limits are given for live loads in Table 1, shall not
impair the strength and efficiency of the structure, lead to damage of the finishing or to be
unsightly. Measures to nullify the effects of deflection due to dead loads by adjusting the
casing on cased members or by pre-cambering should be considered.

Horizontal deflections at crane rail level due to spread of the supporting structure shall be
considered and shall not exceed the value in Table 1, the manufacturers recommendations
or affect the performance of the crane. When checking for deflections the most adverse
realistic combination and arrangement of loads should be assumed.

Material grades should be as follows:

Structural hollow sections: BS EN 10210 Grade S275

All other structural steelwork: BS EN 10025 Grade S275 JR

Connections should, whenever possible, avoid the use of high strength friction grip bolts.
However, if used for special technical reasons, the mode of checking tension shall be by the
use of load indicating washers.

Bolt grades on a particular job should be standardised where possible to prevent incorrect
usage of bolt types on site.

Table 1: Allowable Deflections for Structural Steelwork Live Loadings.

Member Maximum allowable Maximum allowable


Deflection where Deflection where Piping

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Piping is supported is not supported

Purlins N/A 1/250th of the span

1/500th of the span 1/360th of the span (due


Supporting beams
(due to Live Loading) to Live Loading)

Crane Girders (Vertical


deflection for 10 to 40 Tonnes N/A 1/800th of the span
capacity)

Crane girders & Runaway


Beams (Vertical deflection up N/A 1/600th of the span
to 10 Tonnes capacity)

1/400th of overhang 1/180th of overhang (due


Cantilevered Beams
(due to Live Loading) to Live Loading)

Tops of columns in each storey


N/A Height of that storey/300
of building for braced structure

Portal Frames (Horizontal) 1/200th of the height 1/150th of the height

1/500th of the span 1/360th of the span (due


Portal Frames (Vertical)
(due to Live Loading) to Live Loading)

All Cranes (Horizontal) N/A 1/500th of the span

Differential horizontal
N/A 3 mm
displacement of crane rails

2.3.5.2 Concrete

Concrete elements shall contain suitable materials to meet the requirements of both
strength and durability. Consideration to both the levels of chloride and sulphates shall
always be given when specifying cement type.

One of the following three typical land based exposure conditions needs to be stipulated as
the basis of the design criteria of concrete foundations (chemical analysis to be assessed
from the soil investigation report):

1. Concrete placed in soils containing only SULPHATES, with no significant


risk of chloride induced corrosion, shall follow the recommendations of
BRE Digest 363 (Building Research Establishment) Table 1. In addition
the concrete surface shall be treated with two coats of ‘FOSROC Nitoproof
100’ bituminous paint or any other approved equivalent.

2. Concrete placed in soils containing only CHLORIDES, with no significant


exposure to sulphates, shall use Ordinary Portland Cement to BS EN 197
or ASTM Type I (that is, with medium to high CA 3 content). In addition,
the concrete surface shall be protected in the form of protective coating
system as detailed below.

3. Concrete placed in soils containing both CHLORIDES and SULPHATES


shall adopt the following criteria. When the chlorides are less than 0.05%
in the soil or ground water, the recommendation shall be as (1) above, that
is, for soils containing only sulphates. When the chlorides exceed 0.05% in

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

the soil or ground water, the recommendation shall be as (2) above, that is,
for soils containing only chlorides.

When the chlorides or sulphates or both (chlorides & Sulphates) in the soil or ground
water, are not in a significant level or totally free, the recommendation shall be ordinary
Portland cement (OPC) to BS EN 197 or ASTM Type I. In addition, the concrete surface
shall be treated with two coats of ‘FOSROC Nitoproof 100’ bituminous paint or any other
approved equivalent.

The coating system for concrete surfaces below ground level and upto 150 mm above grade
level or up to the bottom of floor beams in case of elevated buildings and framed equipment
foundations, shall consist of two coats of ‘FOSROC Nitocote PE135’ with glass mat or
any other approved equivalent with a wet film thickness (wft) of 400 microns. Unpainted
exposed surfaces of any concrete structure above ground shall be treated with two coats of
‘FOSROC Dekguard S’ Anti-Chlorides and Carbonation coatings or any other approved
equivalent with a dft of 350 microns. This coating shall be required to protect the above
ground concrete from the atmospheric effects and windborne salts. In case of equipment
foundations surrounded by concrete hardstand, the protection coating should extend 150
mm above the hardstand/ floor. For more details of the exposure condition, refer SP-1282
Specification for Reinforced Concrete – ‘Production & Construction’.

All coating system shall be strictly in accordance with the relevant manufacturer’s
instruction. Covers to all reinforcement including links shall never be less than the value
shown in Table 2.

Table 2: Minimum Concrete Cover to Reinforcement

Element Absolute Minimum Nominal Cover

Columns & Beams


: 40 mm
(Internal)

Columns & Beams


: 50 mm
(External)

Building floor exposed to


: 50 mm
earth, weather or water

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Building suspended floor /


: 30 mm
roof slabs

All concrete elements below


: 50 mm
ground

RCC Piles 75 mm

Note: The above are minimum nominal covers and shall be increased if required by the
relevant design standard being used.

For more information on recommended concrete cover to reinforcement related to external


exposure condition refer SP-1282 Specification for Reinforced Concrete – ‘Production &
Construction’.

The design and details of concrete and concrete mixes shall be in accordance with SP-1282
Specification for Reinforced Concrete – ‘Production & Construction’.

All structural concrete shall be of Grade C35 (that is, having a characteristic strength of 35
N/mm2 at 28 days), unless specified otherwise. Mass concrete shall be used for general
filling as required. Blinding concrete shall be a minimum of 50 mm thick. Both Blinding
and Mass Concrete shall have a characteristic strength of at least 10 N/mm 2 at 28 days. All
edges of concrete below ground, which receives surface protection coating, shall have a
chamfer of approx. 25 mm.

Foundation bolts shall be in accordance with the latest revision of PDO Standard Drawing
STD-2-3950-001.

Unless stated otherwise, the standard minimum lap lengths of concrete reinforcement shall
be as shown in Table 3.

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Table 3: Minimum Reinforcement Lap Lengths

Minimum Lap Lengths (mm)

Tension / Tension /
Size Size
Compression Compression

R6 300 T6 350

R8 350 T8 450

R10 400 T10 550

R12 500 T12 650

R16 650 T16 850

R20 800 T20 1050

R25 1000 T25 1300

R32 1250 T32 1650

R40 1600 T40 2050

Concrete reinforcement for Hot-Rolled Mild Steel and Hot-Rolled High Yield Strength
Deformed Bars, shall be detailed as follows:

12 – R/T 10 – 3 - 200

SPACING OF BARS

BAR MARK

BAR TYPE AND SIZE

NUMBER OF BARS

REQUIRED

Minimum spacing of bars shall be larger of the following

a) Size of coarse aggregate + 5 mm,

b) diameter of bar

c) 50 mm

Maximum spacing of bars shall not exceed

150 mm - For main bars in beams

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

200 mm - For main, distribution of bars in slabs, walls

250 mm - For stirrups in beams and horizontal sidebars in beams

300 mm - Longitudinal bars in columns

2.3.5.3 Block Work

Careful consideration should be given to the partial safety factors used for materials when
designing block work. Details of supervision and quality of blocks required to meet the
design assumptions should be stated on the drawings or in the specification.

Block work shall be designed to carry all the applied loading and combinations of loading,
giving due consideration to differential and thermal movements.

2.3.6 Engineering Drawings

Engineering drawings shall be prepared in accordance with SP 2047 ‘Specification for the
Preparation and Content of Engineering Drawings’. A0 drawing shall not be used unless
agreed in writing by the Company.

Reinforcement shall be fully scheduled by the Consultant for working civil/structural


drawings in accordance with BS 8666 & BS EN ISO 3766, including bar bending
schedules.

All welding symbols used shall comply with BS EN 1992-1-1

All drawings shall cross - refer to associated drawings.

All drawings shall provide details of required material grades.

Legend / Symbols are given below and for definitions and abbreviations see Appendix A.
Should other symbols or abbreviation be required (excepting welding symbols) a key shall
be provided on the drawing clearly describing their meaning.

Lettering and figures shall be distinct and uniform to ensure the production of good legible
prints. The style should be simple and unaffected. Capital letters should be used for all
titles and sub-titles. Lowercase letters should be used only for notes.

The size of all lettering shall be as follow:-

For A1 Drawings : 3.0mm high minimum

For A2 & A3 Drawings : 2.5 high minimum

All drawings should be to scale. The following scales should be used:

Civil/Structural

Site layout : 1:200

General arrangement : 1:100 or 1:50

Foundation Location Plans : 1:100

Simple wall and slab details : 1:50

Beam and column elevations : 1:20

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Beam and column sections : 1:20 or 1:10

Note:

1. Where larger scale details are desirable, the following should be used 1:5,
1:2 or FS.

2. For projects with large foundations, a scale of 1:25 may be used when
scales of 1:50 or 1:20 are clearly unsuitable.

All structural slab levels or finished floor levels should be indicated and related to a datum.
Levels shall be expressed in metres. All other dimensions shall be expressed in
millimetres.

Structural steelwork working drawings should show details of main connections. For
minor connections all moments, forces and shears shall be required to enable their design
by the contractor. The Consultant’s scope of work shall include the checking of shop
drawings and connection details designed by the contractor.

The Consultant shall produce a full set of As Built drawings, based on fully marked up
drawings by the contractor, which shall contain all civil, structural, mechanical, electrical
details etc. They shall clearly indicate the true location of all hidden and underground
services, structures and the like.

Complete copy of drawings shall be submitted in electronic form and loaded to PDO live
link system.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

The following legends / symbols shall be used where applicable:

Legend / Symbols

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Legend / Symbols (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.3.7 Design Requirements for Specific Buildings

This Code of Practice gives minimum general requirements for the design and engineering
of all new building, however additional requirements for specific buildings are specified in
the following documents:

DEP 32.31.50.13 – Gen. : Analyser Houses

Shell Standard Drawings S : Typical Analyser Houses for Tropical and


17.001 mild climate Areas

Shell Standard Drawing S 17.002 : Typical Analyser Houses for Temperate and
cold climate Areas

DEP 34.17.10.31 – Gen. : Laboratories

DEP 34.17.10.30 – Gen. : Blast resilient and blast resistant control


buildings/field auxiliary rooms

SP-1283 : Specification for Standard Sunshades –


Design Requirements & Standard Drawings

SP-1276 ‘Specification for standard control buildings – Design requirements and standard
drawings’ is withdrawn and no longer applicable as this Code of Practice adequately covers
the general design requirements of buildings.

2.3.8 Design Requirements for Pipe Supports

The design of Standard simple Pipe Supports is covered in a separate document: SP-1187
Specification for ‘Selection of Standard Pipe Supports’.

2.4 Design Loads


The design shall take into account all loading conditions foreseen as occurring during the
design life of the structure. If applicable, loading from future extensions shall be allowed
for. These shall include any alterations to wind loading effects due to the change in
structure size. Details of assumptions made in this respect shall be clearly stated in the
design concept section of the calculations.

Loadings that will occur during construction of the structure shall be designed for. Details
of any specific construction procedural requirements such as back propping; de-propping
etc. shall be clearly stated to the contractor in the drawings or specifications as necessary.

2.4.1 Dead Loads

The self-weight of all the building elements including services, specific plant etc. shall be
calculated and used in the design of the structure. For proprietary systems, equipment and
machines specific details of loading shall be obtained from the manufacturers and used in
the design. These details shall correspond to the items specified on the contract drawings
and in the specifications.

Where permanent partitions are shown in the plans their actual weights shall be included in
the dead load.

The weights of tanks and other receptacles and of their contents shall be considered as dead
loads. These loads need to be calculated for the cases when a tank or receptacle is full and
when empty.

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Dead loads should be calculated from the unit weights given in BS 648 or from actual
known weights of the materials used. For general building materials, however, the values
given in Appendix B may be used.

2.4.2 Live Loads

Live loads for buildings, and method of calculation, shall be in accordance with BS 6399
Part 1and 3, however the live loads shown in Appendix C may be used as a guideline.

For structural steel platforms on Oil/Gas projects, the following live loads shall be used:

Table 4: Minimum Imposed Loads

Access Walkways (not including 2.5 kN/m2 or a single concentrated


operating floors) load of 3KN whichever is more
unfavourable.

Operating Floors (not next to heat 5 kN/m2 or a single concentrated


exchangers) load of 7.5 KN whichever is more
unfavourable.

Special Cases (e.g. Floors located at the 7.5 kN/m2 or a single concentrated
draw end of a shell tube heat exchanger). load of 10 KN whichever is more
unfavourable.

For sloped steel roofs (upto 30 deg) 0.6 kN/m2 or a single concentrated
accessible for inspection and repairs only load of 0.9 KN whichever is more
unfavourable.

For Flat roof without access 1 kN/m2 or a single concentrated


load of 2 KN whichever is more
unfavourable (To cater for light air
conditioning equipments).

For Flat roof with access 2 kN/m2 or a single concentrated


load of 3 KN whichever is more
unfavourable.

For railings, balustrades 1 KN at any one point between


supports.

For Parapets 1.5 kN/m line load at the top of


parapet.

For buildings Refer to Appendix C

Under desert conditions roof with a pitch of less than 5 0 shall be designed for sand loading
of 1 kN/m2in addition to other live loads.

For structural calculations, local codes or regulations, and actual loading situations shall be
adhered to if more stringent than the values obtained from Appendix C.

Where applicable, the weight of vehicles shall be included as live loading and shall be
applied to produce the most critical design cases.

2.4.3 Wind Loading

Wind load calculations shall comply with the requirements of BS 6399-2 Loading for
Buildings – ‘Code of Practice for Wind Loads’.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Figure 2 specifies Basic Mean Hourly Wind Speed, V 10 (m/s), at a height of 10 m, which
shall be accounted for in the design.

The Design Wind Speed at any height z above the ground, Vz (m/s), is derived from the
formula below:

Vz = F x V10 x (z/10)1/y x S3 (m/s)

Where, Vz = The Design Wind Speed at height z.

V10 = The Basic Mean Hourly Wind Speed

F = Gust Duration Factor (For general engineering calculations, Gust duration factor
corresponding to 3 sec gust may be considered. For towers, stacks and in general, smaller
protruding parts (e.g. ladders, cantilevers etc.) for which a 3-second gust shall used in the
design.

For steel and concrete chimneys, the requirements of the CICIND CODE for Steel and
Concrete Chimneys shall apply.)

Z = Height above grade

1/y = Locality Factor

S3 = Structure Category Factor

(S1 and S2 are included in the above).

Refer Table 5 for the values of F & 1/y and Table 5 for the value of S3.

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Figure: 1
MEAN HOURLY WIND SPEED CHART

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Table 5: Values of Gust Duration Factor & Locality Factor

F 1/y
Category Topography
3 sec gust 10 sec gust

Extreme exposure. Large


1 expanses of open water, 1.5 1.3 1/14
grassland, desert, etc.

Open country with low


2 obstructions, trees, 2- 1.7 1.4 1/11
storey buildings, etc.

Built-up areas and areas


3 with high obstructions. 2.0 1.6 1/8
Towns, refineries, etc.

Although 3-second gust speeds, are sometimes quoted and certainly of great importance
when dealing with wind forces on structures, the above formula takes this into account.

It is intrinsically incorrect to stipulate 3-second gust duration values, as these depend on


location, obstructions and the influence of neighbouring structures (which could cause
eddies and complex flow resulting in much higher gust velocities), as well as height above
the ground. Therefore, only use highest mean hourly wind speeds at 10 metres above the
ground.

The values of S3 are shown in Table 5 and shall be used for the various category of
structure as described in section 2.5.

Table 6: Values of S3 for Wind Loading

Structure Type S3

Permanent 1.00

Semi Permanent 0.83

Temporary 0.77

Note: The values given above shall not be applicable for Telecom Type Towers and for any
special structures for a particular project and shall be calculated from BS 6399.

2.4.4 Seismic Loading

In general, Seismic loading need not be considered for design of structures and foundation,
except for aqueous liquid storage structure and overhead water tanks supported on
independent staging. Such structures shall be designed for 5% seismic coefficient. However,
in the recent past seismic activity has been recorded in Yibal area. Hence, it is important to
consider seismic loading for all buildings, tanks, vessel & machinery foundations,
equipment supporting structures and pipe racks in the vicinity of Yibal area. The seismic
coefficient or the design response spectrum is site specific and shall be established prior to
basic design phase.

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2.4.5 Design Loading For Crane Gantry Girders

The following applies only to single crane operation and to simple forms of crane gantry
construction. Loads for heavy crane, high-speed operation or multiple cranes on a single
gantry have to be specially calculated.

For crane gantry girders, the following allowances can be used to cover all forces set up by
vibration, shock from slipping of slings, kinetic action of acceleration and retardation and
impact of wheel loads:

a. For loads acting vertically, the maximum static wheel loads shall be increased by the
following percentages.

For electric overhead cranes: 25%

For a hand operated cranes: 10%

b. The horizontal force acting on top of each rail in transverse direction, the following
percentages of the combined weight of the crab + trolley and the load lifted:

For an electric overhead crane: 10%

For a hand operated crane: 5%

c. The horizontal forces acting along the rails shall be taken as a percentage of the static
wheel loads, which can occur on the rails, as follows:

For an electric overhead crane: 10%

For a hand operated crane: 5%

The forces specified in either (b) or (c) above, shall be considered as acting at the rail level
and being appropriately transmitted to the supporting system.

Either of the horizontal forces in (b) or (c) above may act at the same time as the vertical
load on gantry girders and their vertical supports.

The design loadings for Overhead Travelling Cranes and outdoor gantries shall be
determined in accordance with BS 2573.

2.4.6 Dynamic Loads

Where loads arising from machinery, and other plant producing dynamic effects, are
supported by or communicated to a structure, allowance shall be made for these dynamic
effects by increasing the load by an adequate percentage.

Foundations, which directly support vibrating equipment such that the effects need to be
taken account of in the calculations, shall be designed in accordance with BS CP 2012. In
general it is advisable to provide anti-vibration pads.

2.4.7 Thermal Loads

If thermal expansion results in friction between equipment and supports, the friction force
shall be taken as the operating load on the support.

Applicable friction coefficient between surfaces shall be as given below.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Table 7: Friction coefficients

Surfaces Friction coefficient

Steel to steel (not corroded) ???

Stainless steel to PTFE 0.04

PTFE to PTFE 0.04

Graphite to graphite 0.1

NOTE: The maximum sliding bearing pressures of the above materials shall be taken into
account.

In the design of horizontal vessel supports, the frictional forces imposed on supports shall
be considered. If the displacement of supports due to such frictional forces are greater than
the expansion of vessel between supports, then the actual force required to accommodate
the thermal expansion on supports may be considered support and foundation design.

In the design of pipe supporting beams, the horizontal slip forces exerted by expanding or
contracting pipes on steel pipe racks shall be assumed to be 15 % of the operating weight
on the beam. These 'slip forces' shall not be distributed to the foundations.

The design of the support structure shall consider the integrated effect of pipe friction
forces and (reaction) pipe anchor forces.

A concrete pipe rack beam shall be designed for an arbitrary horizontal pipe anchor force of
15 kN acting at mid span, which likewise shall not be distributed to the foundations.

For pipe anchor forces transferred by longitudinal girders to structural anchors (bracing),
an arbitrary force of 5 % of the total pipe load per layer shall be taken into account, unless
design calculations dictate a higher force. These forces shall be distributed to the
foundations.

2.4.8 Blast loading

The blast load on buildings shall be obtained from either a hazard assessment or the
Principal. As for as possible all the buildings shall be located out side the blast load
influence zone. In case a building has to be located within the over pressure influence zone,
the following parameters, to define the blast load, shall be obtained:
 Peak side-on positive over-pressure, positive phase duration, rise time and the
corresponding positive impulse;

 Peak side-on negative pressure, negative phase duration and the corresponding
negative impulse.

For details on design consideration of buildings subjected to blast loading, reference shall
be made to DEP 34.17.10.30-Gen ‘Blast resilient and Blast Resistant Control Buildings/
Field Auxiliary rooms’

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

2.4.9 Load Combinations

Load combinations shall be such that both maximum and minimum load cases are checked
if applicable to investigate not only design loadings on particular elements but also stability,
uplift and overturning conditions. Load combinations, partial safety factors and
combination factors shall be in accordance with the requirements of the particular design
code of practice or standard. A guide for loading combination is given in Table 3 of
DEP34.00.01.30-Gen.

2.5 Climatic Aspects of Buildings


Attention shall be paid to the prevailing climatic conditions in various seasons (using
records of local climatic design data), such as air temperature, temperature differences,
saline atmosphere, sand and dust storms, possible sand infiltration of buildings, humidity,
solar influence, wind, micro climatic variations, etc., to arrive at a satisfactory design.
Buildings shall be designed and constructed so that, within operational and physical
constraints, they are able to maintain the necessary internal comfort condition with the
minimum of capital and operations costs over the whole range of external prevailing
conditions.

2.5.1 Climatic Design Criteria

Outdoor design conditions should be based on the relevant meteorological data for each
project. For general detail, refer to section 2.16.

2.5.2 Siting & Orientation

Table 8: Facilities Orientation

1 Residential and If possible, camps & housing plots etc. shall be sited up wind of
Housing Areas industrial areas, so that prevailing winds drive smoke & fumes
away from accommodation/ residential areas. They shall also be
sited a reasonable distance away from mosques and recreational
facilities.

2 Industrial Areas If possible, industrial areas shall be sited down wind of


accommodation/ residential areas but up wind of flare areas and
burn pits.

3 Individual As opposed to Western European standard, orientation of houses


Accommodation shall, if at all possible, be such as to avoid excessive sun and
Units or Houses wind exposure. Advantage shall be taken where possible to make
best use of scenic outlook and privacy. Living rooms and
bedrooms should face the garden, while kitchens and ancillary
rooms etc., should face the street.

4 Mosques and All mosques and prayer shelters shall be orientated towards
Prayer Shelters Mecca. Once the building foundation trenches have been
excavated, final approval by the local religious authority shall be
received before further work commences. Mosques shall be
located away from any sources of noise.

(contd.)

2.5.2 Siting & Orientation (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

5 Outdoor Sports Tennis courts, volley ball courts (and preferably football pitches)
Facilities shall be orientated in the N-S direction because of sun light
problems at dawn and dusk. Care need to be taken in siting these
facilities in relation to problems of night time glare from
flares/burn pits. Shelter is needed from the wind, especially for
badminton or tennis courts. Sports facilities shall not be located
close to areas from which there is high level of noise, for example,
turbines, or close to likely source of fumes/smoke, for example,
fire training ground.

6 Open Air Open Air Cinemas are usually only used at night. Therefore if
Cinemas such a facility has been specified by the Company (no longer
considered a standard facility), their location and orientation shall
depend on problems associated with glare from flares etc., and
noise to accommodation, mosques, etc., or from adjacent plant
and equipment. Prevailing wind problems with fumes, dust, etc.,
shall also be taken into account, not forgetting the effects of the
glare from the sun (least important).

7 Power Stations Power Stations are generally very noisy and therefore their
location shall be such as to cause the least amount of discomfort to
occupants of camps, building, potential building plots, etc., still
ensuring cost effectiveness of cable lengths, O/H lines, fuel lines
etc. Gas Turbines have the added hazard of gas explosions (as
well as possible H2S problems). Noise levels are defined in the
section 3.0 of SP 1231 and section 4.6 of DEP 34.17.00.32.

8 Clinics Clinics shall be sited such that easy access to both Residential and
Industrial Areas is achieved. Noise is considered the major hazard
for clinics even though hazards due to fumes/smoke/flare glare,
etc., shall also be taken into account.

9 Schools Schools generally have a certain amount of noise associated with


them, and therefore should not be too close to housing. A more
important factor is the hazard of fast traffic. Speed bumps shall be
located on both sides of the School, with appropriate traffic
warning signs, etc., to control traffic speeds. All hazard facilities,
such as electrical substations, sewage pumping pits, etc., shall be
securely fenced off with suitable locks.

10 Offices Offices should have an E-W main axis, with the windows facing
either north or south, as the penetrating morning and evening sun
is undesirable. The sun can be kept out by sun blinds, window
U/V film, or roof overhang. Siting is dependant on client needs
but care must be taken against noise and fume/smoke hazards.
Space is needed directly outside the office space for off loading
supplies and adequate car parks. Natural day light is very
desirable but not necessarily essential. Artificial lighting, to
correct levels, may be used if no other option is available.

11 Workshops Workshop orientation is dependent on access to and from the


workshop to the access road. Siting of workshops is dependent on
client needs, services availability, noise factor, hazardous factors,
and wind blown dust.

(contd.)

2.5.2 Siting & Orientation (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

12 Warehouses Warehouses are normally located at the entrance of the supply


& Stores lay down area and orientated for easy access and removal of
material by fork lift trucks, transport trucks, etc. Materials
that need sun shading shall be orientated to obtain maximum
effect of side cladding while still attaining high efficiency of
access. In general this results in the main axis of the building
being orientated in the E-W direction, with access from the
North Wind blown dust also needs to be carefully taken into
account.
13 Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon Laboratories shall be located well away from
Laboratories points of ignition and other such hazards (see IP Part 15
‘Model Code of Safe Practice’). They shall be free standing
with their own supply of uncontaminated air supply.
Orientation shall be such as to avoid direct sun light from
entering the laboratory, that is, the windows shall have a
northerly aspect.

14 Airstrips & When locating an Airstrip in the Interior the following points
Air Terminals shall be considered:

1. Air Lane activity in the area including for military flying.

2. Type of development in the surrounding area (camps,


garbage dumps, sewage lagoons, etc.). All these attract birds,
which are a hazard to incoming aircraft.

3. Communication (all types) problems and availability, radio


interference, etc.

4. Utilities available – aviation fuel, water, electricity, etc.

5. Surrounding obstructions: telecom towers, sand dunes, etc.

6. Meteorological conditions throughout the year.

7. Likely use by non-PDO personnel

Other factors to take into account are the expected lifetime of the
airstrip, type of planes that will be used, the effect and condition
of both the take off and approach zones, and access to camp site
or oil installation. The orientation of the airstrip shall be
dependent on prevailing winds and the surrounding obstructions
within the take off and approach zones. The terminal building
shall have the main axis parallel to the airstrip. For the airstrips
safety refer the PDO Safety Reference Document M.3.9 or the
appropriate standards as stated CP-122 Code of Practice for the
Health, Safety and Environment Protection.

(contd.)

2.5.2 Siting & Orientation (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 30 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

15 Explosives Explosives stores shall be located a minimum of 1000 m from


Stores roads and public buildings, which does not include the access
road to the store. These stores shall also be located a
minimum of 2000 m from vulnerable installations such as
pipe lines, production facilities, power lines and telecom
facilities. The compound itself shall be double security fenced
6 m apart, with an outer 1 m deep, 2 m wide security anti
vehicle ditch. The associated guardhouse shall be located
along the approach access road, 400 m from the Explosives
store security fencing. All explosives stores shall conform to
the Royal Oman Police regulations.

16 Fuel Stations Fuel Stations are considered as a hazardous area, especially


during fuel delivery/despatch time, and therefore its location
shall be dependent on minimum distances from a point of
ignition to fuel vents. All fuel stations shall conform to the
‘Model Code of Safe Practice’ IP Part 15.

17 Fire Training The Fire Training Area is a source of ignition and a source of
Areas smoke (and possible H2S). These areas shall be located well
away from Residential and Recreational facilities. They shall
also be located well away from any installations, which have
inflammable or hydrocarbon compounds such as oil/gas
installations, fuel stations, explosive stores, laboratories,
warehouses/stores, etc. Building facilities, other than
buildings within the compound itself, shall not be less than
150 m away from a point of ignition in the Fire Training
Area. Prevailing winds and hence the effects of smoke must
be taken into consideration when locating such an area.

18 STP’s (Sewage Both Sewage Treatment Plants (and associated ponds) and
Treatment Dedicated Evaporation Ponds are sources of smell and
Plants) and sanitary pollution. All residential facilities and schools shall
Evaporation not be located within 100 m of a STP or evaporation ponds.
Ponds Smell/bad odours are mainly caused by anaerobic (septic)
conditions even though excessive algae blooms do contribute
to the smell. Prevailing wind is a major factor when siting
STP's and evaporation ponds so that all manned locations
shall be located upward of such facilities. Wind is a major
element in the efficient running of an evaporation pond.
Fencing to ponds, to stop camels entering the area, shall be
located away from the pond itself to avoid affecting the wind
fetch of the pond. Location is also decided by ground water
contamination, closeness to potential flooding of wadi’s, or
problems of percolation/leakage under the bunds into manned
areas (that is, ponds to be located down hill of manned
facilities).
19 Isotope Stores Locations of Isotope Store are defined in the Safety Reference
document section M.2.1 or CP-122 Code of Practice for
‘Health, Safety and Environment Protection’ and other
documents referenced therein.

(contd.)

2.5.2 Siting & Orientation (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

20 Telecom Telecom installations are affected by heavy atmospheric


Installations disturbance and high voltage. Care must be taken to ensure
that high voltage cables or overhead lines are located away
from such installations. Commonly associated with Telecom
facilities are high towers which affect take off and approach
zones of airstrips. Microwave towers need to be free of any
other outside obstructions.
21 Transportable The main problem with Transportable Units is their risk of
Units fire. The minimum distance between Units shall be 5 m.
(Portacabins) Units shall be considered as a point of ignition when dealing
with facilities such as fuel stations, fuel tanks, etc. For access
reasons, a minimum space of 7 m shall be maintained between
Units and a fence/boundary wall.
22 R O Plants These should, when possible, be located close to the supply
and disposal wells, preferably between the wells and the user
facility.
23 Garbage Dumps Garbage dumps should be sited down wind from the camp and
in particular away from any aircraft landing strip or helicopter
pad as these attract birds, etc.
24 Scrap Heaps Scrap heaps shall be located such as to minimise
environmental impact and shall be regularly backfilled as
dumping continues. Where removable scrap is stored this
shall be within screened areas.
25 Military Following is applicable for Military installations.
Installations 1) No construction allowed within 20m from outside fence
2) No more than one storey building is allowed within 200m
3) No more than two storey building is allowed within 300m
4) No more than three storey building is allowed within 400m
5) No construction allowed between the main road and outside
fence
6) ROP approval is required before constructing within 400m
from the outside fence.
25 Car Parks In the design of car parks particular attention shall be drawn
to save ingress to and egress from the approach roads. In
congested areas right angle parking should be used to
maximise space usage and overall cost. Elsewhere 45 0
parking are considered desirable. Whilst it is mandatory in
the Interior to build car parks suitable for Reverse Parking,
for the Coast uses normal drive in parking (see Figure 5 in
this document).

26 Shops Shops shall be provided with a storeroom, toilet and wash


hand basin. The store shall be minimum 15% of the shop
floor area.

2.6 Means of Escape and Fire Protection


The planning of all buildings shall be in accordance with the BS 5588 Part 1 to 5 Fire
Precautions in the Design & Construction of Buildings and shall comply with the
requirements of ‘Fire Safety Part 1 - Requirement for Buildings’ as issued by Directorate
General of Civil Defence, Sultanate of Oman.

For production stations and fenced areas, as a general guideline the means of emergency
escape shall be available at not more than 50 m from any location along the periphery of
the boundary fence unless otherwise differently advised by QRA study.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Building layouts and proposed fire protection systems shall be subject to Company
approval.

The layouts shall show safe means of escape routes, protected corridors and travelling
distances to the protected corridors, protected shafts and means of Emergency escape. A
statement shall be provided, specifying the proposed air-conditioning supply and return air
systems, its integration with fire detection system, and fire detection and protection systems
for the project.

The location of all hand held fire-fighting equipment shall be agreed with the Company.

All design principles relating to Fire Detection, Protection and Alarms is covered under
Section 2.17.7, 2.19.4 and 2.20 of this document.

2.7 Minimum Building Requirements


2.7.1 PDO Buildings

2.7.1.1 Control Room Buildings

The function of a control building is to provide facilities for centralised monitoring


and controls of the related facility, and to provide the required air-conditioned
environment for the protection of the contained equipment.

Such facilities could also be manned for a few hours each day.

Control buildings consist of a control room, auxiliary room, electrical switch room,
toilet, rest room, prayer room, battery room, store and corridor providing controlled,
pedestrian access to the station via the building.

The size of the building is dependent on the amount of space that is required in the
control, auxiliary and switch rooms and can be varied accordingly.

The control building and its associated area (to be used for future control building
extensions) shall be located in a ‘non- hazardous area’, as defined by SP-1103,
Electrical Engineering Guidelines. Control buildings and adjacent areas shall be
located in accordance with SP-1127 ‘Plant Equipment Layout Specification’.

To facilitate access, location of the control building shall be at the periphery of the
station with the transformer area adjacent to a road or parking area.

Personnel access to the station shall be through a corridor.

Orientation and location shall be such that there are no personnel hazards located
immediately outside any door.

If the Control room is located within the influence zone of blast load from the equipments,
the control room shall be designed as per DEP 34.17.10.30 – Gen.

2.7.1.2 PDO Office Buildings

These buildings shall be designed with an overall building width of 13 m. One of the
centre corridor walls shall coincide with the centre of the building giving offices of internal
dimensions of:

Office 1 4.15 m x (3.38) m = 14 m2

Office 2 6.25 m x (3.38) m = 21 m2

Minimum Corridor width 1.80 m

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

4 Walls of 200 mm each 0.80 m

Hence 13.00 m (Width of building)

Provision shall be made for installation of partition walls at approximately 1.69 m intervals
so that following rooms sizes can be formed: 7 m 2, 10.5 m2, 14 m2, 21 m2, 31.5 m2 and 42
m 2.

2.7.1.3 PDO Sleeping Accommodation

All rooms in the PDO sleeping accommodation blocks shall have a bedroom, attached
bath/toilet and storage facilities. Standard room sizes are given in the Table 9. The
accommodation unit allocation shall be one person/ room for senior staffs and two
persons/room for junior staffs.

Table 9: Areas of Sleeping Accommodation

Staff (Grade)
Item
SS JS

Bedroom m2 20.80 20.80

Shower/ WC m2 3.20 3.20

Storage m3 2.00 2.00

Total Area m2 24.00 24.00

En suite En suite
Notes shower/ wc shower/ wc

2.7.1.4 PDO Ablution Requirements

In general toilets shall have minimum internal dimensions of 1.0 m x 1.6 m for both SS
and JS. This may be reduced to 0.9 m x 1.3 m in offices.

Showers shall have a minimum dimension of 1.0 m x 1.8 m, divided into a wet area and a
dry area by a simple curtain.

2.7.2 Contractors Buildings

Accommodation for contractors shall be provided in the PAC (Permanent Accommodation


for Contractors) and its facilities are similar to PDO facilities. If there is no PAC
accommodation the Contractors can have their own camp and shall follow the requirements
of Company’s SP 1232 ‘Health Safety Environment & SD - Specification for Public
Health’ .

2.7.3 Permanent Accommodation for Contractors (PAC) Buildings

Accommodation for contractors shall be provided in the PAC (Permanent Accommodation


for Contractors) and its facilities are similar like PDO facilities. If there is no PAC
accommodation the Contractors can have their own camp and to provide the facilities to
their staffs as per 2.7.2. The accommodation unit allocation in the PAC shall be one
person/room for senior staffs and two persons/room for junior staffs and all other category
staffs.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Three persons sharing per room shall be allowed for JE and other staff categories, if the
bedroom size is more than 21 m 2 or as stated in Table 6.

2.7.3.1 SS Accommodation & Ablution Facilities

SS accommodation shall have a sleeping room with an attached bath/toilet facilities. The
room sizes shall not be less than 20.8 m 2.

The following sanitary ware fittings shall be provided for each bath /toilet unit. Refer Table
10.

Table10: Contractors SS Ablution Facilities

Sanitary Fittings

Item Staff WC WC Hand- Shower


(Western) (Eastern) Urinals wash Units 1.8
1.6 m2 1.4 m2 Basins m2

2a SS √ √ √

2b SS √ √ √

2c SS √ √ √

2.7.3.2 JS/JE Accommodation & Ablution Facilities

JS/JE and all other staff’s accommodation units shall have a sleeping room with attached
bath/toilet facilities. The room sizes shall not be less than 20.8 m 2 as given in Table 9.
The following minimum number of sanitary ware fittings shall be provided for each bath /
toilet unit. Refer Table 11.

Table11: Contractors JE Ablution Facilities

Sanitary Fittings

Item Staff WC WC Hand- Shower


(Western) (Eastern) Urinals wash Units
1.6 m2 1.4 m2 Basins 1.8 m2

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

3a JS √ √ √

3b JE √ √ √

3c JE √ √ √

3d Others √ √ √

3e Others √ √

2.7.2.3 Kitchen and Messing Facilities

In general, the Kitchen and Associated Facilities should be constructed in block work. The
Kitchen and Associated Facilities have been sized using the following design criteria, based
on international norms:

Individual space requirements in the kitchen for the various functions are shown in the
Figure 3.

Dec 2009 Page 36 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Figure 3: Kitchen Facilities Dimension Chart

M2

60 Preparation

40

20

0 0 200 400 600 800


Meals

3.a. Preparation

M2

80

60 Service

40

20

0 0 200 400 600 800

Meals
3.b. Service

M2

60

40 Staff Facilities

20

0 0 200 400 600 800

Meals 3.c. Staff Facilities

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Figure 3: Kitchen Facilities Dimension Chart (contd.)

M2

60
Cooking

40

20

0 0 200 400 600 800

Meals
3.d. Cooking

M2

60

40
Wash-Up
20

0 0 200 400 600 800

Meals

3.e. Wash-Up

M2

60 Storage (total)

40

20

0 0 200 400 600 800

Meals
3.f. Storage (total)

Dec 2009 Page 38 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Table 12: Contractor Kitchen Facilities Dimensions/Sizes

Total Manpower of Contractor


Item Description
0 to 10 10 to 25 25 to 50 50 to 100 100 to 200 200 to 400
People People People People People People

4 Kitchen Area

4a Preparation N/A 10 m2 10 m2 11 m2 15 m2 23 m2

4b Service N/A 18 m2 18 m2 19 m2 22 m2 36 m2

4c Staff Facilities N/A 10 m2 10 m2 13 m2 15 m2 19 m2

4d Cooking N/A 19 m2 19 m2 20 m2 23 m2 39 m2

4e Wash Up N/A 8 m2 8 m2 10 m2 13 m2 18 m2

4f Storage (Total) N/A 25 m2 25 m2 27 m2 32 m2 35 m2

4 Total Kitchen Area JS and SS N/A 90 m2 90 m2 100 m2 120 m2 170 m2

SP 1275 Page 39 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Table 13: Contractors Dining Room Facilities Dimensions/Sizes

Total Manpower of Contractors


Item Description
10 to 25 25 to 50 50 to 100 100 to 200 200 to 400
0 to 10 People
People People People People People

Motel SS + JS Eat SS + JS Eat SS + JS Eat SS + JS Eat SS + JS Shift &


5a Condition of Dining/ Messing Facilities
Accommodation Together Together Separately Separately Eat Separately

180 - 2 No
5b Assumed Average Population N/A 20 40 80 170
Shifts

5c Assumed Split Between JS and SS N/A 1 to 4 1 to 5 1 to 6 1 to 7 1 to 8

360 - 2 No
5d Assumed Number of Meals/sitting N/A 20 40 80 170
Shifts

5e Dining Space factor for JS N/A 1.6per’s/m2 1.5per’s/m2 1.4per’s/m2 1.4 persons/m 2 07 persons/m2

5f Dining Space factor for SS N/A N/A N/A 1.8per’s/m2 1.7 persons/m 2 08 persons/m2

JS Dining Area Space Requirement in


N/A 32m2 60m2 93m2 203m2 220m2
m2

JS Servery and Extra Circulation Space N/A 18m2 30m2 47m2 107m2 110m2

Dec 2009 Page 40 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Table 13: Contractor Dining Room Facilities dimensions/Sizes (cont’d…)

Total Manpower of Contractors


Item Description
0 to 10 10 to 25 25 to 50 50 to 100 100 to 200 200 to 400
People People People People People People

5g Total Dining Space Requirement for JS N/A 50m2 90m2 140m2 310m2 330m2

Dining Area Space Requirement for SS N/A N/A N/A 25m2 43m2 36m2

SS Servery and Extra Circulation Space N/A N/A N/A 15m2 27m2 24m2

5h Total Dining Space Requirement for SS N/A N/A N/A 40m2 70m2 60m2

Dining Area Space Requirement in m 2


N/A 32m2 60m2 118m2 246m2 256m2
for both JS & SS

Servery and Extra Circulation Space For


N/A 18m2 30m2 62m2 134m2 134m2
JS & SS

Total JS & SS Dining Area


5i N/A 50m2 90m2 180m2 380m2 390m2
Requirement

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Table 14: Other Kitchen/ Messing Related Facilities Dimensions/ Sizes

Total Manpower of Contractors


Item Description
0 to 10 People 10 to 25 People 25 to 50 People 50 to 100 People 100 to 200 People 200 to 400 People

6 Other Facilities

6a Bakery N/A 16m2 16m2 20m2 30m2 40m2

6b Laundry N/A 35m2 35m2 55m2 70m2 110m2

6c Catering Offices N/A 14m2 14m2 20m2 20m2 30m2

6d SS Toilet / Wash N/A 10 m2 15 m2 15 m2 24 m2 24 m2

6e JS Toilet / Wash N/A 25 m2 30 m2 30 m2 36 m2 36 m2

6 Total Other Facilities N/A 100m2 110m2 140m2 180m2 240m2

Table 15: Overall Area of Contractor’s Kitchen/ Messing Facilities

Total Manpower of Contractors


Item Description
0 to 10 People 10 to 25 People 25 to 50 People 50 to 100 People 100 to 200 People 200 to 400 People

Overall Area of Kitchen/


7 N/A 240m2 290m2 420m2 680m2 800m2
Messing

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.8 Building Elements and Finishes


Building elements shall be designed and detailed to comply with fire regulations as
detailed in the United Kingdom Building Regulations 1985 produced by the Department of
the Environment and the Welsh Office. Designs and details shall also comply with the
requirements of the local fire regulations. Refer Appendix C for the relative values of the
different Building Elements and Finishes of PDO buildings.

2.8.1 Walls

All wall designs and details shall take into consideration the following:

- Structural Loading Requirements

- Thermal Insulation Requirements

- Noise Insulation Requirements

- Water/Moisture Repelling Requirements

- Thermal Movement/Structural Freedom

- Acoustic Reverberation Requirements

- Economic Aspects

- Finishing Requirements

- Animal, Vermin, Insect Penetration Requirements

- Dust Penetration Requirements

In addition, external walls shall be designed and detailed to resist moisture penetration, to
prevent the occurrence of condensation. Damp proofing is required, as in temperate
climates (regarding the omission of damp proof courses, refer section 2.8.1.5). Termite
barriers are essential in the construction of walls.

Internal walls for washrooms and other wet rooms shall be designed and detailed to be
moisture resistant and shall contain a damp proof course. Walls for control buildings,
auxiliary rooms, analyser houses, electrical stations and similar buildings in production
stations shall be solid with no cavities to prevent the possible build up of gases and
therefore hollow blocks shall not be used in these instances, unless the cavities are filled
with concrete/ mortar. Holes for cable entries in these buildings shall be sealed with
polyurethane foam after cables have been installed.

2.8.1.1 Structural Loading

All load bearing block work walls shall have a minimum compressive strength of 10
N/mm2.

All non - load bearing block work walls shall have a minimum compressive strength of
3.5 N/mm2.

Mortar shall as a minimum comply with the requirements of designation II as described in


BS 5628.

All openings for windows, doors, etc. in hollow block work shall be framed on all sides by
providing a minimum of one T12 reinforcing bar placed centrally in the block hollow
adjacent to the opening. The hollow shall subsequently be filled with concrete as the block
work progresses. The concrete shall be a minimum of grade 20. (Characteristic strength
of concrete shall be 20 N/mm 2 @ 28 days with 10 mm aggregate).

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

The framing bar shall run from the floor below the opening to the ceiling above and where
applicable shall pass through and cast into the lintels above the opening. Where
applicable, it shall be cast into the slab below and soffit above the block panel under
consideration.

Walls shall be designed to withstand all vertical, horizontal and longitudinal loads,
including wind and stability loading, as necessary. Due consideration shall be given to the
eccentricity of loading in the design.

2.8.1.2 Thermal Requirements

Light colour, heat reflecting, thermal qualities and low maintenance shall be the main
considerations in selecting the external finish. ‘U’ values should not exceed 0.6 W/m 2 0C
for external walls. Cavity walls with insulation are highly recommended in all external
wall designs for air-conditioned buildings to help conserve energy. See also section
2.8.1.5.

2.8.1.3 Noise Requirements

All walls shall be suitably designed and constructed to ensure compliance with the room
noise ratings specified in Appendix K.

2.8.1.4 Thermal Movements / Structural Freedom

In general, movement joints in the structure or building should pass through the whole
structure in one plane. Vertical movement joints in walls shall be placed at intervals not
exceeding the following:

Table 16: Movement Joints

Wall Type Max. Joint spacing

Concrete framed buildings and structures 30 m

Concrete walls 30 m

Fired clay brick walls 12 m

Calcium silicate bricks 8m

Concrete brick walls 8m

Concrete block walls 6m

Parapet walls 5m

If the above joint spacing is required to be exceeded, then the structure shall be checked
for additional induced thermal stresses in addition to the stresses due to imposed loading.

Horizontal movement joints may be required where block work/ brickwork are built in a
frame to allow the frame to move independently.

All movement joints in buildings shall be sealed to prevent the ingress of water.

2.8.1.5 Economic Aspects

Consideration shall be given to exceeding the ‘U’ value of 0.6 W/m 2 C stipulated in
section 2.8.1.2 where the environmental condition within the space is not critical.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Non-fair faced un-rendered block work may be used in areas of non-aesthetic importance.
Where wall cladding is used, un-plastered non-fair faced blocks shall be used on faces
covered by the cladding.

External walls constructed on concrete ground beams or slabs which are a minimum of
150 mm above surrounding ground level do not require a horizontal damp proof cover.

2.8.1.6 Wall Finishes

Wall finishes as detailed in Appendix D of this document shall be used.

2.8.2 Floors

2.8.2.1 External Floors & Hard standings

Where reinforced concrete floors are required externally, they should be constructed in
bays not greater than 15 m in width, which shall separated by longitudinal contraction/
expansion joints. Each bay shall be divided into lengths not exceeding 15 m by transverse
shrinkage control joints. Expansion joints shall be provided in both directions at every 30
m. Floor panels shall be constructed in sequence of casting alternate panels to avoid
excessive shrinkage.

Where plain concrete hard standings are used they shall be formed in bays not exceeding 5
m x 5 m, which shall be separated by either contraction or expansion joints alternatively.

All external floors and hard standings shall be laid with adequate falls (minimum 1:100)
such that, allowing for normal tolerances, there is no possibility of water stagnation and to
ensure quick and effective drainage.

Consideration shall be given, particularly with temporary or semi permanent floor to


laying the concrete directly on the ground.

2.8.2.2 Internal Floors

All exposed concrete floors shall be treated with an anti-dust compound.

All exposed concrete floors subject to oil/ chemical spillage shall be treated with a suitable
chemical resistant tiles or epoxy based flooring cover. Selection of flooring specification
shall be as per DEP 30.48.60.12-Gen

In workshops, due consideration shall be given to fork lift loading, racking and machine
foundations.

All vibrating and large machine foundations shall be isolated from the ground floor slab
by way of isolation joint.

For the installation of computers and other instrument or electrical equipment with cable
connecting at the bottom of the equipment cavity floors shall be provided. These shall
comprise a reinforced concrete lower floor and a removable panel upper floor of 600 x 600
module supported on pedestals. The pedestals shall be fixed to the concrete floor in such a
manner as to form firm bedding and shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions. They shall be adjustable in height and the adjustable section shall have
automatic positive locking. Ensure that the pedestals and the frames, supporting either the
instrument or electrical cabinets, are able to provide independent stability to the structure
at all times. Each floor panel shall be capable of supporting specified concentrated and
distributed load as per design requirement. The maximum deflection under specified
concentrated load shall not exceed 1 mm. The reinforced concrete floor below the cavity
shall be painted with an epoxy paint to prevent formation of dust.

All pre-cast suspended floors shall be suitably fixed to the structure to provide robust and
stable construction.

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

2.8.2.3 Floor Finishes

Floor finishes as detailed in Appendix E of this document shall be used.

To all wet areas such as toilets the floor and 200 mm up surrounding walls shall be
painted with two coats of bitumen and sharp sand splattered for key.

At change of finishes line, at all doorways and in bays not exceeding 15 m 2 brass dividing
strips in brass, finished flush to the surface shall be provided.

2.8.3 Skirting

Skirting as detailed in Appendix F of this document shall be used.

2.8.4 Ceilings

Ceiling finishes as detailed in Appendix G of this document shall be used.

2.8.5 Doors

Doors as detailed in Appendix H of this document shall be used.

All doors shall be either solid teak framed or teak faced solid core flush doors. Where
doors are fire rated their composition shall change accordingly.

2.8.6 Windows

Windows types as detailed in Appendix I of this document shall be used.

Contractors shall verify the final dimensions at site before making shop drawings.
Approval to shop drawings shall be given prior to commencement of manufacture. All
windows to be anodised aluminium with hermetically sealed tinted double glazing

These glazing units, prefabricated by the Manufacturer, shall be composed of two spaced
glass panes with a cavity of dehydrated air.

Each unit shall consist of:

- an outer pane of normal float glass, minimum thickness 5 mm;


- an air space, minimum 6 mm;
- an inner pane of laminated glass consisting of two layers of glass, minimum
thickness 2 mm each, and a PVB interlayer of 1.9 mm.
The outer and inner pane of the unit shall be fixed to the spacers of the air cavity by a
polysulphide adhesive compound. The edges of the units shall not be provided with a
channel-shaped metal cover.

Glazing to floor level windows shall be armour plated glass. To bathrooms and toilets
shall be rough - cast narrow receded.

2.8.7 Ironmongery

Subject to the building type, the quality of fittings to be used shall be determined by the
Company Representative. Generally, ironmongery shall be in packs. Ironmongeries pack
and typical requirements are detailed in Appendix J of this document.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.9 Staircases and Platforms


All stairs shall be designed and located to meet the requirements of the ‘Directorate
General of Civil Defence’ for means of escape in case of fire.

All doors shall open in the direction of the escape route and be positioned so as not to
block any stairway.

Handrails or parapet walls shall be provided on both sides of the stairs, except when the
slope of stair is less than 30 o and the stair is not higher than 2000 mm from ground, in
which case the hand rails can be provided on one side only.

Fire escape staircases and landings shall be enclosed by suitable fire-resistant material of
construction. Winding stairs shall be used for fire exits.

If equipment is located on top of roof, installation of stair or caged ladder will depend on
the maintenance/ inspection requirements. As a general rule, stairs shall be provided in
coastal area. However, caged ladder may be used in the interior subjected to principal’s
approval.

For steel stairs the minimum width of stairway, walkway & platforms shall not be less
than 750mm. Stair treads shall not be made of GRP or aluminium and shall be hot-dip
galvanised steel. On platforms, the distance to a stair or ladder shall not be more than
25m.

The Concrete floors/ platforms in front of equipment doors shall be capable of receiving
the equipment that will be transported through the doors.

No stairway shall exceed sixteen risers in any one flight, if more are necessary a landing
shall be provided.

2.9.1 Flow Capacities of Staircases

For fire safety purposes (fire escapes) a flow capacity of 1.3 persons per second per metre
width shall be used. This is greater than normal use flow capacity which shall be
determined as shown in Table 17 below:

Table 17: Normal Use Staircase Flow Capacities

Free Flow Mean Plan Density <0.6 Full Design Capacity 1-way Plan
persons/m2 Density 2 persons/m2

Limit of stair capacity


Speed along Speed along Stair capacity
with free flow
Slope (m/s) Slope (m/s) (persons/min/m/width)
(persons/min/m/width)

0.9 27 0.6 60

2.9.2 Riser / Going Relationship

The following formula shall be used to determine the suitable relationship of riser to going
for normal staircases:

The minimum slope of any stair shall not be less than 1 in 2 (26.5 o) and not greater 5 in 6
(40o).

2 R + G = 550 TO 700 mm,

Where: R= Riser & G = Going

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Refer Table 18 for the stairs dimensions, headroom clearances, travelling distances and
other requirements.

Dec 2009 Page 48 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Table 18: Dimensions for Staircases

Domestic Domestic
Office Type Office Fire Industrial
Dimensions in mm Serving for 1 Serving >1 Industrial
Building Escape Fire Escape
Dwelling Dwellings

(max.) 180 200 180 200 180 200


Riser
(min.) 75 75 75 75 75 75

(max.) 310 280 310 280 310 280


Going
(min.) 280 240 280 240 280 240

Headroom (min.) 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100

Minimum clearance (*) perpendicular


1650 1650 1650 1650 1650 1650
to flight.

Height of handrail above front of treads 900 900 900 900 900 900

Height of handrail above landing 1100 1100 1100 1100 1100 1100

(Contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Table 18: Dimensions for Staircases (contd.)

Domestic Domestic
Office Type Office Fire Industrial
Dimensions in mm Serving for 1 Serving >1 Industrial
Building Escape Fire Escape
Dwelling Dwellings

Max. number of risers in flight 12 16 12 16 12 16

Width of
Length of landings (+) 900 1100 900 1100 Width of stairway
stairway

Maximum travel distance along


Protected fire escape route
30 m 30 m 30 m 30 m 30 m 30 m
(Escape possible in one direction
only)

Maximum travel distance along


protected fire escape route
45 m 45 m 45 m 45 m 45 m 45 m
(Escape possible in more than
one direction)

* Minimum clearance above flights between:

a. Line drawn through nosings; and,

b. Ceiling at edge of stairwell

+ Length of landing shall not be less than width of staircase relevant to location of stairs.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.9.3 Fire Rating for Structures

The minimum fire rating values of the building for various purposes and types are indicated in the Table 19, however these shall meet the requirements of the
latest Directorate General of Civil Defence regulations.

Table 19: Guide To Fire Ratings For Various Structures

Minimum Period (h) for Elements of


Maximum Dimensions
Structure
Purpose, Group &Type of
Building
Height (m) of Building Ground or Upper Basement Storey
Floor Area (m2) Cubic (m3) Capacity
or of Separated Part Storey (incl. Floor Over)

Office – Single storey no limit 3000 no limit 0.5 not applicable


building or separated part
(no basement) no limit no limit no limit 1.0 not applicable

7.5 250 no limit 0.5* 1.0

7.5 500 no limit 0.5* 1.0


Building or separated part
15.0 no limit 3500 1.0** 1.0
which is not single storey
28.0 500 14000 1.0 1.5

no limit no limit no limit 1.5 2.0

no limit 2000 no limit 0.5* not applicable


Shop – Single storey
building or separated part no limit 3000 no limit 1.0 not applicable
(no basement)
no limit no limit no limit 2.0 not applicable

Table 20: Guide to Fire Ratings for various structures (Contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Maximum Dimensions Minimum Period (h) for Elements of Structure


Purpose, Group &
Type of Building Height (m) of Building Ground or Upper Basement Storey
Floor Area (m2) Cubic (m3) Capacity
or of Separated Part Storey (incl. Floor Over)

7.5 150 no limit 0.5* 1.0

7.5 500 no limit 0.5* 1.0


Building separated
part which is not 15.0 no limit 3500 1.0** 1.0
single storey
28.0 1000 7000 1.0** 2.0

no limit 2000 7000 2.0 4.0

7.5 150 no limit 0.5* 1.0

7.5 500 no limit 0.5* 1.0


Building separated
part which is not 15.0 no limit 3500 1.0** 1.0
single storey
28.0 1000 7000 1.0 2.0

No limits 4000 14000 2.0 4.0

no limit 2000 no limit 0.5* not applicable


Industrial single
storey building or
no limit 3000 no limit 1.0 not applicable
separated part (no
basement)
no limit no limit no limit 2.0 not applicable

Table 20: Guide to Fire Ratings for various structures (Contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Minimum Period (h) for Elements of


Maximum Dimensions
Structure
Purpose, Group &
Type of Building
Height (m) of Building Basement Storey
Floor Area (m2) Cubic (m3) Capacity Ground or Upper Storey
or of Separated Part (incl. Floor Over)

7.5 250 no limit 0.5* 1.0

7.5 no limit 1700 0.5* 1.0

Building separated part 15.0 no limit 4250 1.0** 1.0


which is not single
storey 28.0 no limit 8500 1.0 2.0

28.0 no limit 28000 2.0 4.0

no limit 2000 5500 2.0 4.0

no limit 500 no limit 0.5* not applicable

Other non-residential no limit 1000 no limit 1.0 not applicable


single storey building
or separated part (no
basement) no limit 3000 no limit 2.0 not applicable

no limit no limit no limit 4.0 not applicable

(Contd.)

Table 20: Guide to Fire Ratings for various structures (Contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Minimum Period (h) for Elements of


Maximum Dimensions
Structure
Purpose, Group &
Type of Building
Height (m) of Building or Basement Storey
Floor Area (m2) Cubic (m3) Capacity Ground or Upper Storey
of Separated Part (incl. Floor Over)

7.5 150 no limit 0.5* 1.0

7.5 300 no limit 0.5 1.0

15.0 no limit 1700 1.0** 1.0


Building separated
part which is not 15.0 no limit 3500 1.0 2.0
single storey
28.0 no limit 7000 2.0 4.0

28.0 no limit 21000 4.0 4.0

over 28.0 1000 no limit 4.0 4.0

Modifications

Any element of structure should have at least the minimum period needed for any other element structure, which it carries or supports (whether that other element
is load bearing or not).

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

* Increased to 1 hour for separating walls. Reduced to 0.5 hour if the area of the basement is 50 m 2 less.

** Reduced to 0.5 hour for any floor (which is not also a compartment floor), but not for any part of floor, which contributes to the support of the
building as a whole and not for any beam, which supports the floor.

Notes: 1. The floor area of each storey in the building or where the building is divided in compartments the floor area of each storey in the compartment of which
the element structure forms part.

2. The cubic capacity of the building or where the building is divided into compartments cubic capacity of the compartment of which the structure forms
part.

3. Where the building is fitted throughout with an automatic sprinkler system meeting relevant recommendations of BS 5306: Part 2.

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

2.10 Roofs
Due consideration shall be given to the provision of access to roofs, where necessary for
maintenance etc. In situations where required, a safe means of access shall be provided.
If equipment is located on top of roof, installation of stair or caged ladder will depend on
the maintenance/ inspection requirements. As a rule, stairs shall be provided in coastal
area. However, caged ladder may be used in the interior subjected to principal’s approval.

Various types of water proofing and roof insulation materials are available to provide
satisfactory water proofing for float roofs like membranes, extruded polystyrene insulation,
polyurethane insulation, light weight foam concrete etc. Waterproofing details in these
instances shall be such that they will satisfactorily withstand the likely subsequent wear
and tear.

2.10.1 Thermal Requirement

Roofs should have a maximum ‘U’ value of 0.6 W/m 2 0C. Insulation should be capable of
withstanding rodent attack in situations where it may be exposed to the same. Roofs are
subject to intense heat and thermal movement and waterproof membranes shall be
adequately protected or detailed to withstand these conditions. It should be possible to
inspect and repair the membrane periodically and consideration should be given to
permanent access. Because of its exposure special care should be taken when specifying
roof insulation for ‘Upside-Down’ roofs, in terms of required insulation characteristics,
durability, water absorption and physical strength.

2.10.2 Water Discharge

Rain is infrequent, but when it does occur it can be torrential, consequently, traditional
gargoyles are the preferred method of rainwater disposal from flat roofs (for upto two floor
buildings) and should be employed. For buildings with more than two floors, suitably sized
rain water down pipes shall be employed. Careful consideration shall be given to the
projection of gargoyles, RWP Gully and to the ground treatment where rain water
discharges. Gargoyles shall be provided with suitable drips to prevent water running down
the face of the building causing unsightly stains. Gargoyles shall be sited away from
doors, lights and where possible windows.

2.10.3 Flat Roofs

Flat roofs should be promoted where possible. Pitched roofs, other than for warehouses/
workshops, are not permitted in Capital Area. The upside down flat roof has the added
advantage that the roof insulation protects the waterproofing layer from both the intense
heat and puncturing. Extreme care in detailing of such roofs is essential to ensure
durability.

Flat roofs shall be provided with a minimum fall of 1in 80. Consideration shall be given
to pre-cambering, particularly on long span roofs to prevent ponding. In any case ponding
shall not occur.

Parapets on flat roofs are a natural source of building defects, particularly when of block
work construction.

Parapets shall be carefully detailed to control thermal movement with control joints not
exceeding the spacing in section 2.8.1.4.

Parapets shall be securely fixed to the roof slab and shall be capable of resisting a
minimum horizontal load, on access roofs, of 0.75 kN/m run at the top of the parapet
which should be a minimum of 1.1 m above the roof covering.

Flat roofs cast on load bearing block work should contain a slip plane between the block
work and slab soffit to allow for thermal movement of the slab without distressing the

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block work. The roof slab, however, must be suitably held in place to ensure stability
criteria are maintained.

2.10.4 Pitched Roofs

Pitched roofs shall be avoided wherever possible. As a general rule, only flat roof designs
shall be used in the Capital Area. Pitched roof designs may be considered in the Interior
only if it needs to match existing roofs, or used for warehouses/ workshops and sunshades.
Any Pitched roofs in the Capital Area should be hidden by using appropriate facades.

When used, pitched roof plan shapes shall be kept as simple as possible, hips and valleys
should be avoided. The construction shall be such as to result in a completely
waterproofed roof.

Consideration shall be given to ridge vents in order to reduce internal design pressures
arising from wind loading and where required to provide natural ventilation.

Pitched roofs shall generally have a slope between 1 in 5 to 1 in 10.

Gutters and downspouts shall only be provided over entrances and where people have to
pass. However adequate details at ground level shall be provided to prevent erosion and
percolation.

Design of Sunshades and standard details are covered under a separate document: SP-
1283 Specification for Standard Sunshades – ‘Design & Standard Drawings’.

2.10.5 Roof Sheeting

It is important to fully specify the roof sheeting requirements on design drawings. The
following minimum requirements shall be used:

Where ever possible, Aluminium roof sheeting shall be preferred. Only in unavoidable
circumstances, Steel sheeting shall be used.

Aluminium Sheeting shall:

1. Be pre-painted with a minimum of 50 microns on the external face, and


the internal face is painted or lacquered,

2. Have a minimum thickness of the metal of 0.7 mm,

3. Have a profile depth of not less than 26 mm,

4. Be inspected on a two yearly basis, resulting in the sheets being washed


down to remove salt deposits,

5. Be fixed with stainless steel self-tapping screws and isolated from the
purlins with In-seal Tape.

Galvanised Steel Sheeting shall:

1. Be painted with a protective coating on both sides, with a minimum of 25


microns on the external face, and 12.5 microns for the internal face.

2. Have a minimum thickness of the metal of 0.5 mm.

3. Have a profile depth of not less than 26 mm.

4. Not be used in severe marine areas (for example, MAF, RAH, etc.): this is
also in line with the requirements of the Muscat Municipality.

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

5. Be thoroughly inspected during erection and before acceptance, looking


carefully how drilled holes and cut edges are finished off (ensure drill
cuttings are not left as a deposit on the sheeting upon completion of the
works).

6. Be inspected on a yearly basis for deterioration, resulting in the sheets


being washed down to remove salt deposits.

In addition to the above two materials (but ignoring sheeting materials such as GRP/ GRE/
etc.), a third type of material may be used known as 55%ALZn Coated Steel Sheeting.
This material has an ideal mix of 55% Aluminium, 43.4% Zinc and 1.6 Silicon. The
material shall follow the same requirements as Galvanised Steel (see above), but can be
used for Coastal Areas (MAF, RAH, etc.). There might be problems related to powder
coating this material and therefore colour choices will be limited.

2.11 Built-in-Furniture
All cupboards shall be fitted with shelving to maximise the use of the storage space.

In the layout of kitchens particular attention shall be paid to safe distances between
electric points and the sink. Kitchens shall be designed to be ergonomically and correctly
related in the layout of the parts. In general,

Broom cupboard – Fridge/Freezer – Worktop – Sink Worktop – Cooker Worktop. Worktop


shall have integral up stands.

Fitted wardrobes shall be provided in all bedrooms including SS rooms and Clinic wards.
Where rooms are in use by two persons two wardrobes shall be provided.

In each dwelling bathroom, and each room with bed(s) and basin, a bathroom cabinet shall
be provided with mirror front, two sections, shaver point and light.

Pin boards shall be provided to all:

1. Mess – Entrance Halls, Billiards Rooms, Table Tennis Rooms, Dining


Rooms.

2. Offices.

3. Squash viewing gallery.

To detached and semi-detached accommodation and mess block, curtain pelmets shall be
provided.

To outdoor cinemas, slatted hardwood seating shall be provided.

2.12 Security
2.12.1 Fencing and Gates

All fencing and gates shall comply with the requirements of the Company standard
specification SP-1279-P Specification for Civil & Building Construction – ‘Fencing &
Gates’. The consultants drawing shall make reference to the fencing and gate types
contained therein. Types of fences to be used in various locations are shown in Table 21:

Table 21: Types of Fences

Location Type of Fence

Air Fields and Air Strips D

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Booster Station B

Contractors Area – (Industrial) C

Contractors Area – (Residential) C

Corrosion Monitoring Pit Barrier

Explosives Store A

Farms C

Flares – Ground C

Flares – Tower C

Garbage Dumps C

Gas Plants (Double Fence) A

Gathering Station B

H2S Well B

High Pressure Gas Well Heads B

Interior Camps C

Isotope Pit A

Main Line Block Valve Station B

Main Line Pump Station A

Microwave Areas B

Oil Tank Farm – Primary B

Oil Tank Farm – Secondary B

Oil Terminal & Metering Station (Double Fence) A

Oxidation Ponds C

Pig Launchers/ Catchers (when separate) B

PDO Industrial Area – Camp Workshop C

contd.

Table 21: Types of Fences (contd.)

Location Type of Fence

PDO Industrial Area – Fire Station C

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PDO Industrial Area – Fire Training C

PDO Industrial Area – Main Workshop C

Power Station B

Production Station A

Reverse Osmosis Plant C

Right of Way (only in Populous Areas) Barrier

Sewage Treatment Plants C

Sub Station B

Supply Yard – Sub Station B

Supply Yard – Surplus B

Supply Yard – Scrap B

Telecom Centres A

Telecom Towers B

Water Injection Area (when separate) B

Well Test Module B

In addition to the above requirements, a standard signboard (refer SP-1284 Specification


for Signs & Signboards – ‘Standard Signs Catalogue’ shall be placed at the entrance of the
fenced compound, indicating the presence of a ‘Restricted Area’ (refer CP-122). It should
be noted that the rationale for installing fences and gates as tabled above, is as a direct
result of having identified Specific HSE Site Hazards and/ or Specific Security related
Access Control Requirements.

The HSE Access Control Procedure (refer CP-122 and the documents referenced therein),
Stipulates that the asset holder (as defined in the Corporate Asset Holder Register) is
required to specify those areas, which need Access Control (based on what hazards and
threats have been identified). It is possible therefore, that asset holders may decide to
install fences/ gates in locations not included in the above table.

Low Pressure Well Heads and Remote Manifolds do not require fencing. For details, refer
SP-1127 Plant Equipment & Layout Specification.

2.13 Paint Finish & Colour


Colours shall be to British Standard BS 4800. If specific colours are not requested or
specified, the following colours should be used for:

08-B-15 : Magnolia

10-B-15 : Ivory

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

08-B-17 : Honey Beige

06-C-33 : Peach

14-C-31 : Glacial Green

00-E-55 : White

For non-specialised buildings, that is, accommodation, offices, exposed service pipes, for
example water pipes, shall be painted to match their background colour.

2.13.1 External Surfaces

All external walls should be 06-C-33 throughout (unless specified otherwise). All exposed
drainage or vent pipes in front of the external wall shall be painted the same colour as the
wall.

2.13.2 Internal Surfaces

All Mess Dining Rooms, Games Rooms, Lounges, Billiards Rooms and TV/Video Rooms
shall be 08-B-17 - Wood Smoke.

All Clinic and Hospital Wards shall be 14-C-31 – Light Green.

All Detached and Semi-detached Housing shall be 08-B-15 - Magnolia.

Where the soffit of the ceiling is exposed (either exposed concrete or plastered ceilings)
use 00-E-55.

All other areas shall be 10-B-15 - Ivory.

The type of paint finish shall be as described in Wall Finishes (Appendix D).

2.14 External Works


External works shall be designed to suit the particular traffic, whether vehicular or
pedestrian. Emphasis is to be placed on cost saving by, for example, minimising lengths
of roads, paving only essential areas and providing a finished level, which will minimise
earthworks and yet function to the technical requirements.

2.14.1 Site Preparation

Site is to be inspected and general site clearance requirements established. Design is to


include for removal of debris, vegetation and vegetable soil, removal or replanting plants,
trees, bushes, etc. and protection measures for plants, trees and bushes where they are to
remain within the project works.

2.14.2 Landscaping

All projects involving landscaping should incorporate the current PDO landscaping
specification SP-1279-Q. Particular attention should be paid to the creation of a localised
microclimate with low, medium or high canopies as appropriate to the particular situation.
For Landscaping Irrigation refer to section 2.17.8.

2.14.2.1 Hard Landscaping

Hard landscaping should be designed with regard to considerations of general aesthetics.


Within open spaces hard landscaping/foot paths etc. should be designed with curves, that
is, straight lines should be avoided. An aesthetically pleasing variety of colour should be
achieved in hard landscaping.

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2.14.2.2 Soft Landscaping

Soft Landscaping should be designed considering both the aesthetic aims and long term
maintenance requirements.

2.14.2.3 Screening Requirements

Consideration should be given to the need to reduce dust nuisance in amenity areas by
landscaping in conjunction with other appropriate means, for example, fabric attached to
fences.

2.14.3 Roads

2.14.3.1 Internal Access Road

Where internal access roads are required to serve buildings, car-parking areas etc., the
Consultant must clarify the likely range of vehicles that will be requiring access.

Where the layout is designed for private vehicle usage, mountable kerbs should be
provided where necessary to allow for occasional heavy vehicle passage.

1. Geometric Design:

Typical desirable and minimum standards for internal access roads for both light and
commercial vehicle usage are given in Table 22. It should however be borne in mind that
the dimensional requirements may vary according to the actual size of commercial vehicle
requiring access.

Table 22: Typical Design Standards for Internal Access Roads

Light Vehicle Commercial Vehicle


Dimensions in metres
Max. Min. Max. Min.

Carriageway Width – 1 way 4.5 3.0 5.5 4.5

Carriageway Width – 2 way 6.0 4.5 7.0 6.0

Centre Line Radius 30.0 10.0 60.0 30.0

Kerb Radius at Junctions 6.0 4.0 15.0 10.0

Roadside Parking bay Width 2.5 3.5

Roads are to be cambered or with cross fall at 1.5% and provided with adequate
longitudinal gradient to ensure dispersal of storm water into the proposed drainage system.

Care shall be taken in the design to avoid flat spots and consequent ponding of storm
water.

Care shall be taken to ensure adequate visibility sightlines particularly where buildings are
located adjacent to junctions.

2. Pavement construction

The pavement is to be constructed to suit the future loading over the specified design life.

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Where loadings are light, consideration should be given to designing a pavement of


granular material sealed with surface dressing (e.g. “spray and chip”, SPP stabilised and
sand sealed or slurry dressing).

Where roads will be trafficked by commercial vehicles, the anticipated traffic loading
should be predicted and the pavement designed in accordance with the procedure set out in
the latest issue of the “Oman Highway Design Manual”, as well as what is advised in both
SP-1279-R & S (Specification for Civil & Building Construction – ‘Roads & Paving’, and
‘Graded Roads, Rig Locations, Airstrips, Tank Pads & Bund Works).

3. Road Signs & Markings:

Road signs and markings should be minimised and yet give clear direction to drivers.
Road signs should be of minimum 600mm size and be in accordance with SP-1284
Specification for Signs and Signboards – ‘Standard Signs Catalogue’.

Road markings should be either thermoplastic or road marking paint to suit the scale of
works. A mandatory warning sign is required below the danger warnings at all junctions
of the Grades/Tarmac transition to give more information about the dangerous situation.

2.14.3.2 External Access Roads

Where external access roads are required to serve a facility, the road must be designed to
suit the initial level of service and yet allow for future upgrading if required.

1. Geometric Design

Roads are to be designed to the geometric design standards set out in the latest issue of the
“Oman Highway Design Manual”, using an appropriate design speed.

Road surfaces are to be profiled to ensure rapid dispersal of storm water.

2. Pavement Construction

Figure 4 details standard pavement construction for PDO interior roads, which will allow
progressive development of the standard of road as required. These are further detailed in
SP-1279-S Specification for Civil & Building Works – Graded Roads, Rig Locations,
Airstrips, Tank Pads & Bund Works’. Roads, which are to be adopted by the Ministry of
Communications, are to be constructed with asphaltic concrete overlying granular
pavement layers. The pavement is to be designed in accordance with the latest issue of the
“Oman Highway Design Manual”.

Currently tests are being performed using road material stabilisers. Their performance in
these tests might well promote the use of road stabilisers in the construction of both graded
and paved roads. The road designer shall therefore investigate the status of these tests,
and hence assess their suitability in the design of all roads.

Successful road base stabilisation, say with SPP (Sulphonated Petroleum Product), could
result in CBR of greater than 120, which will in turn allow cheaper road surface dressings
to be used, such as Sand Seal and Slurry. However, the latter road seal thickness is only in
the order of 6 to 8 mm, and therefore road surface finish tolerance (and therefore the
road’s “riding comfort”) is likely to be poor.

3. Road Signs and Markings:

Road signs and markings should be provided to suit the scale of the road and shall be in
accordance with the latest issue of SP-1284 Specification for Signs and Signboards –
Standard Signs Catalogue and the “Oman Highway Design Manual”. A mandatory
warning sign is required below the danger warnings at all junctions of the Grades/Tarmac
transition to give more information about the dangerous situation.

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2.14.4 Car Parks

Car parks should be provided on-site to cater for employees, operational needs and visitors
typical car park spacing requirements are given in Table 19. Car parks shall be designed
so as to discourage parking in the aisles and access routes. Where parking is designed for
commercial vehicles, the standards to be applied are to suit the particular usage.

2.14.4.1 Standard Parking Layout

Car parking facilities shall be generally designed to the layout standards shown in Figure
5. Parking bays are based on a 3 m x 6 m module. Where available space permits,
parking areas should be designed for 900angle parking.

Car parks shall be profiled to ensure dispersal of storm water to the proposed drainage
system.

2.14.4.2 Car Parks Construction

Car parks are surfaced with 80 mm thick interlocking block paving, asphaltic concrete or
surface dressing as appropriate to the scale of construction and required aesthetics.

Pavement construction is to be designed to cater for the relevant loading over the design
period.

Where the construction is in interlocking block work, use should be made of different
colours to clearly distinguish between vehicle routes and parking areas. In general
vehicles routes are to be paved with grey blocks and parking areas with charcoal grey
blocks.

Landscaping and street furniture should be set back from kerb lines to allow overhang of
vehicles.

2.14.4.3 Road Signs & Markings

Road signs and markings should be minimised and yet give clear direction to drivers.
Where interlocking block work construction is proposed, use should be made of coloured
blocks for markings and bay divisions. Road signs should be of minimum 600 mm size
and in accordance with the latest issue of SP-1284 Specification for Signs & Signboards –
‘Standard Signs Catalogue’.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Figure 4: Standard Pavement Construction for Interior Roads

(Contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Figure 4: Standard Pavement Construction for Interior Roads (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

(Contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Figure 4: Standard Pavement Construction for Interior Roads (contd.)

(Contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 68 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Figure 4: Standard Pavement Construction for Interior Roads (contd.)

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Table 23: Typical Car-parking provision

Parking Spaces
Facility Type
On Site Off Site

Residential Facility Housing

500 – 900 m2 2 1

200 – 400 m2 1 1

Flats/ Town Houses 1 0.5

Education Kindergarten 14 12

Elementary 16 – 38 24 – 96

Preparatory 23 – 54 22 – 86

Secondary 200 - 375 38 – 77

Health Care Hospital (40 bed) 44 0

Clinic (18 bed) 20 0

Social and Cultural Social Centres 20 30

Offices All Centres 1/50 m2 (1) 1/50 m2 (1)

Retail Camp Shops 1/30 m2 (1)

Other Centres 1/30 m2 (1)

Transport Services Bus Station 0 20

Bus Terminus 0 40

Bus Garage 50 0

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Figure 5: Standard Parking Layouts

(Contd.)

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Figure 5: Standard Parking Layouts (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

2.14.5 Materials Storage Yards

Material storage yards should be designed to suit the particular material to be stored.

Where applicable, the following are to be included:

- Storage areas for perishable goods and non-perishable goods.

- Lay down areas for perishable goods and non-perishable goods.

- Shake out and sorting out areas.

- Surplus material store.

- Area for scrap material.

- Dedicated facilities for receipt and despatch.

Particular attention must be made for access and manoeuvre of forklifts and delivery
vehicles.

2.14.6 Footpaths

Footpaths are to be provided, where required, to clearly define pedestrian routes. Analysis
is to be carried out of the desirable walkway routes, bearing in mind that pedestrians tend
to try to minimise the distance walked.

2.14.6.1 Footpath Dimensions

Footpaths are generally 2 m wide. This may be reduced to 1.5 m minimum where layouts
and volume of pedestrian traffic permits.

2.14.6.2 Footpath Construction

Footpath are generally to be surfaced with 60 mm thick coloured interlocking block work
or pre cast concrete slabs overlying sand laying course and granular base material.
Footpaths are to be bound by kerbs.

2.15 Building Services Design Requirements


Building services design criteria shall be established in consultation with the Company.
Designs shall be fit for purpose and requirements for economy, reliability, maintainability,
flexibility and life expectancy shall be agreed with the company.

The requirements described here shall apply to the following Sections of this document.

2.16: Air Conditioning & Ventilation

2.17: Plumbing

2.18: Sewage Treatment

2.19: Electrical

One set of the final approved design calculation shall be submitted to the Company for the
record purpose.

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2.15.1 Manufacturers & Vendors

Material and equipment shall be selected from the latest PGSC (Product Group Service
Codes) list. .As stipulated, Type of materials, shall be identified by duty and specification
only and not by the manufacturer. In the selection of materials and equipment, building
services designs shall show a preference for the use of local, and GCC, manufacturers.

2.15.2 Specification & Drawings

Building services designs should take the following form.

- Company Standard Specifications

- Project Particular Specification

- Equipment Schedules

- System Schematics & Isometrics

- Control Logic & Line Diagrams

- Electrical Line Diagrams

- Wiring Diagrams

- External Layout Drawings, Scale 1:200 or 1:100

- Internal Layout Drawings, Scale 1:50

- Equipment Area Drawings, Scale 1:20

- Details drawings, Scale 1:10

- The maximum drawing size shall be A1.

2.15.3 As Built Drawings

Building services design should normally include updating the drawings to “As Built”.

2.15.4 External Services

External services include the services of water, electricity, sewerage, telecommunications,


fire alarm, fire protection and irrigation. Chilled water service may also be included.

External service design should include the allocation of rights of way.

Wherever possible services should be routed in common services trenches located in


unpaved areas.

Minimum dimensions for depths of cover and for separation between services are shown
on company Standard Drawings STD-2-1404.

2.16 Air-Conditioning & Ventilation


The Building Services design shall include, but not be limited to, overall scheme design,
sizing of equipment and pipe work and coordination with other service.

Loads should be calculated using ASHRAE, Carrier or CIBSE methods.

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Specialised manufactures generally supply HVAC systems as package units or as single


components. Standard HVAC equipment, suitable for the prevailing conditions, shall be
applied as for as possible. The design of HVAC system may specify Chilled water system,
VRF system or Direct expansion system. The HVAC design philosophy for the building
must address the suitability and economics of the selected system. The refrigerants shall
comply with the “Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer”,
including amendments.

Direct Expansion unit is a unit consisting of a compressor and a condenser. The


refrigerant vapour is compressed to a certain pressure, condensed to liquid refrigerant and
then vaporised, thus utilising the vaporising refrigerant's latent heat in a cooling. The
vaporised refrigerant is returned from the coil to the compressor. Direct Expansion units
shall be provided by internal re-circulation air handling units having at least two DX
units. One outdoor compressor/ condenser unit shall be provided for each DX unit.

District chilled water service installations should comprise buried mains served from a
chillers compound suitably located to reduce the environmental impact, particularly noise,
on adjacent buildings. The chillers compound pump room may be combined with an
electrical substation in one building. Allowance should be made for future expansion of
district chilled water schemes, and this should be done with minimal costs. For schemes
with a high probability of future expansion, ring main chilled water distribution is
provided, with secondary chilled water pumps at each building. For other schemes, radial
distribution may be appropriate. In any case, the logistic and limits of future expansion
should be established and agreed with the Company.

Fresh air ventilation units for control buildings, Computer buildings & auxiliary rooms
shall be provided with a pre-filter for 85% efficiency ASHRAE dust spot and an after-filter
for 92% efficiency ASHRAE dust spot (dust spot tests according to ANSI/ASHRAE 52.1).
For other buildings, after-filter efficiency shall be not less than 85%.

A dust collector shall be applied if the dust concentration at the fresh air intake is more
than 10 mg/m3.

Re-circulation air handling units shall be provided with 65% efficiency ASHRAE dust spot
test filters.

The interface with the electrical design shall be established with the Company as described
in section 2.19.

The Air-Conditioning & Ventilation system, materials and Equipments shall comply with
the SP-1285 Specification for Buildings Services Chapter B ‘Air Conditioning Works’.

2.16.1 Design Criteria for Air Conditioning & Ventilation Works

2.16.1.1 Outdoor Conditions

Design outdoor conditions should be based on relevant meteorological data for each
project area and shall be subject to Company approval. In the absence of definitive data,
the figures given in Table 24 should be used.

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Table 24: Outdoor Air conditioning Design Criteria.

Location Summer Winter

Coastal Oman 44/33 0C DB/WB 18/15 0C DB/WB

North Oman 50/30 0C DB/WB 13/11 0C DB/WB

South Oman 47/32 0C DB/WB 12/10 0C DB/WB

2.16.1.2 Indoor Conditions

Appendix K includes the following criteria relating to the majority of company facilities.

- Room temperature

- Room humidity

- Minimum fresh air

- Minimum air change

- Maximum noise rating

Where criteria are not listed in Appendix K, design indoor conditions should be based on
the CIBSE Guide, Section A1, Environmental Criteria for Design, and shall be subject to
Company approval.

Normally, humidity control should not be necessary. However, the critical psychometrics
of each design should be checked to ensure that reasonable comfort conditions are always
achieved.

2.16.1.3 Equipment Overcapacity

With diversity and standby requirements taken into account, air-conditioning equipment
should be sized to have a minimum overcapacity of 15%.

2.16.2 Specialist Areas

2.16.2.1 Battery rooms

The design of battery room ventilation system shall fully comply with the requirements of
DIN 57510/VDE 0510.

Battery systems considered here are as follows.

Nickel Cadmium Trickle charge 1.4 – 1.45 volts/cell

Boost charge 1.6 – 1.65 volts/cell

Lead Acid Trickle charge 2.23 volts/cell

Boost charge 2.4 volts/cell

All cells in which the electrolyte is in aqueous solution give off hydrogen and oxygen
during charging, the major gassing occurring towards the end of the charging or during

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boost charging. Typical boost charging cycles are for 8 hours every 6 months. An
explosive mixture is formed when the hydrogen concentration, by volume, in air exceeds
3.8%.

A safe dilution (20% of the above) will be maintained using the following formula.

Q = 0.055 x N x I

Where,

Q = Airflow in m3/h

N = Number of battery cells. (Number of blocks x cells/block)

I = Charging current at the end of the boost charge, in amps

(For design purposes, 25% rated charger current in amps)

Battery rooms should be air-conditioned, by extracting conditioned air from adjoining


electrical panel room, to maintain an average room temperature of 10 – 30 0C, to give best
battery performance and service life, and to limit electrolyte temperature rises during
charging.

Inlet air should be introduced at low level, from the building air-conditioning system, and
mechanically exhausted to atmosphere at as high a level as possible, to avoid air pockets.

When ventilation is provided as described above, the battery room shall be classified as
non-hazardous. However, due to possible local concentrations of gas, the exhaust fan
should be suitable for a Zone 2 installation and resistant to the electrolyte.

2.16.2.2 Control Rooms and Field Auxiliary Rooms

A ducted all-air system shall be provided maintaining the control building under positive
pressure (+5 mm wc) to reduce ingress of dust.

The outside make-up air connection shall include a sand-trap louver and pre-filter. Both
make-up air and return air connections shall include dampers for balancing purposes.

Two equal direct expansion air-handling units, with matching condensers shall be
provided, sized so that with both units running, an internal temperature of 23 oC is not
exceeded. Humidity control is not required. If one of the units fail then the remaining unit
shall maintain a temperature not exceeding 35oC.

Account should be taken of possible future expansion of the building.

Air-handling and condensing units shall be located in an external enclosure. Provision


shall be made to allow the condensate to discharge into an external soak away.

2.16.2.2 Electrical Substations & Switch Houses

Substations and switch houses should normally be designed as completely closed


structures, with dust tight construction and cable passages.

The air conditioning design shall include two or more separate installations, which shall
be individually electrically supplied and controlled.

The indoor design criteria shall be such that:

HVAC system and equipment selection for the buildings will be capable of producing a
positive pressure (+5 mm wc) in the rooms, except battery rooms and toilets, where it will

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be slightly less due to exhaust fans. The positive pressure will minimise the dust ingress
from outside.

During normal operation, the maximum indoor temperature shall not rise above 24 oC DB.

In case of breakdown or maintenance to one of the installations, the maximum indoor


temperature shall not rise above 35 oC.

The maximum supply air relative humidity shall not exceed 75%.

2.16.2.3 Gas Bottle Stores

Spare and empty gas bottles shall be separated and stored in an upright-chained position
and housed in a purpose built, well-ventilated, shaded and secured enclosure located at
least 20 m from combustible materials. Possible air pockets at high level shall be avoided.

Requirements are normally satisfied by the provisions of a cage of tubular frame, chain
link fencing and roof sheeting with an internal separation.

Electrical installations in gas bottle stores shall be suitable for Zone 2.

2.16.2.4 Kitchens

The guidelines given below address commercial catering installations, criteria for
domestic kitchens are given in Appendix K.

Often it is not possible to achieve comfort conditions in kitchen cooking areas at all times
because of the extremely high expenditure involved. In such cases, it should be sufficient
to maintain acceptable working conditions.

Generally air should be extracted from cooking and subsidiary areas through double-skin
hoods located over the main cooking and dishwashing equipment. Hoods should be sized
to overlap equipment by 100 mm, to have a minimum face velocity of 0.3 m/s and to have
a minimum clearance of 1900 mm above finished floor level. The hood volume should
suit the equipment covered. 80 – 85% of the replacement air should be provided, as
filtered outside air, at the internal perimeter of the hood. If this part of the replacement air
is supplied outside the hood, it should be 100% outside air-cooled to plenum conditions,
say 250C. Ducted, re-circulating systems should not be used because of greasing problems.
The remainder of the replacement air should be drawn from adjacent areas so that a
negative kitchen pressure is maintained to contain odours.

Extract ductwork shall be designed for ease of cleaning, with flanged joints and man-size
access doors, and shall be constructed of galvanised sheet steel, minimum thickness, 1.0
mm. Air velocities should be a minimum of 9 m/s. Extract fans should be treated for
moisture and heat, and attenuators should be avoided.

Comfort air conditioning should be provided by high level fan coil units.

The requirements for fire detection and protection in kitchens are included in SP-1075
Specification for Fire & Explosion Risk Management.

2.16.2.5 Laboratories

Laboratory air conditioning design shall be based on the specific requirements of the
laboratory work. However, the following guidelines should apply.

Laboratory working and solvent storage areas should be provided with 100% outside air
system, and should be under positive pressure to reduce dust ingress. In interior Oman,
heating should be included for winter morning start up. Ancillary areas, such as offices,
should be provided with separate, re-circulating systems such as fan coil units.

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Mechanical exhaust should be provided for chemical and material storage areas, typically
at a rate of 6 – 15 air changes an hour, depending on the items stored.

Fume cupboards for use with hydrocarbons should have an acid resistant 18/12 stainless
steel internal fume chamber with integral bench top. The minimum air velocity over a
400 mm deep sash opening should be 0.75 m/s.

Fume cupboards for general use should have 1 mm thick high-pressure plastic laminate on
the sides and solid epoxy resin bench tops. The minimum air velocity over a 400 mm deep
sash opening should be 0.5 m/s.

All fume cupboards should be provided with airfoil sash opening profiles and high-level
by-pass grilles to ensure constant volume airstreams.

Fume cupboard exhaust ductwork shall be constructed of HDPE and shall not contain fire
dampers.

The internal fume chamber, exhaust ducting and exhaust fan shall be classified as Zone 1
hazard. The internal light fittings therefore shall be separated from the fume chamber by
an airtight glass plate. Solvent and gas bottle stores shall be classified Zone 2.

2.16.2.6 Temporary Buildings

Air conditioning design parameters for temporary buildings, such as transportable units,
should be similar to those for permanent buildings. However, due to inferior thermal
conductivity characteristics, electric heating may be required.

2.16.3 Condensate Drains

Condensate drains from indoor terminal units should discharge to wash hand basins, or
sinks, before the trap to ensure that the connection to the drainage system is always sealed.
While drains may discharge into planter areas, the use of soakaways should be avoided.

2.16.4 Refrigerant Pipe work

Pipe work shall not be directly buried, nor chased in floors or walls, but shall be enclosed
in preformed ducts or voids.

2.16.5 Automatic Shutdown

Activation of a fire alarm shall cause the shutdown of air conditioning system, unless
continued operation of the system does not cause spread of smoke to outside the area
where the fire has been detected. In case of a H 2S alarm the air-conditioning system shall
shutdown automatically to prevent ingress of H2S into the building through fresh air
system.

2.16.6 Legionnaires Disease

Where installations include evaporate water-cooling, the guidelines of CIBSE TM 13,


minimising the Risk of Legionnaires Disease, shall be followed.

Particular attention is drawn to the optimum temperature for multiplication of bacteria and
to the design, operation and maintenance of evaporative water-cooling systems.

2.17 Plumbing
Plumbing installation design includes the following services:

- Potable water,
- Domestic hot and cold water,

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- Drainage,
- Liquid petroleum gas,
- Fire fighting water,
- Swimming pools,
- Irrigation.
Plumbing installation, materials and equipment shall comply with the following
specifications:

SP-1285 Specification for Buildings Services Chapter C ‘Plumbing Works’

SP-1285 Specification for Buildings Services Chapter D ‘Fire Protection Works’

SP-1280 Specification for Swimming Pools - ‘Design & Construction Guidelines’

2.17.1 Potable Water

Potable water quality shall confirm to Oman STDS 08/98, which is reproduced in
Appendix-C of SP 1232 ‘Health Safety Environment & SD - Specification for Public
Health’. Normally, the primary source of potable water to specification will be provided by
the Company, which is outside the scope of the Building Services Project.

The demand, size, location and interface for the potable water main connection(s) should
be established with the Company at preliminary design stage.

Connection to existing potable water mains shall require prior Company approval. The
valve and meter may be supplied and installed, and the service connection made, by the
Company.

The following Company Standard Drawings relate to water supply systems.

STD-2-1401: Typical Potable Water Details

2.17.1.1 Water Demand

Demand will vary with time, location and population. Average and peak consumption
figures should be subject to individual analysis for each system.

However, in the absence of definitive data, the figures in Table 25 should be used for
average demands:

Table 25: Typical Water Demands

Area Water Demand

Coast

Residential 400 litre / day / person

Offices 180 litre / day / person

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Industrial As advised by the Company

Interior

Residential 450 litre / day / person

Offices 180 litre / day / person

Industrial As advised by the Company

Similarly, peak demands may be taken as 5 times of the average. Average water demand
may be calculated based on the daily water consumption over a period of 12 hours. (Eg.
400 litre/ (12X3600) = 0.01 litre/ sec/ person)

Table 26: Minimum flow rates

Flow rate (L/min)

Fitment Cold water Hot water

Hand wash basins 10 7

Wash troughs, per tap 10 7

Sinks 15 10

Showers/ sprays 7 7

2.17.1.2 Isolating Valves, Air Valves, Washouts

Isolating valves shall be located at:

- Major intersections,
- Branches off ring mains,
- Regular intervals on distribution mains shall be 400 m maximum spacing.

Valve chambers should be located in areas with easy access but not subject to heavy traffic.

Pipelines shall have facilities for venting air, flushing and cleaning. In secondary
distribution networks, air may be vented through building connections. In pipelines of
300 mm dia or greater, air valves and washouts should be provided at high and low points
respectively.

2.17.1.3 Water Meters

Water meters shall be provided for each large user, down to and including all Senior Staff
accommodation (married and bachelor), and on the main transmission line for each
distribution network.

Meters should be fitted above ground at building entries, or in valve chambers below
ground.

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2.17.1.4 Storage

The capacity and location of main storage tanks should be agreed with the Company. In
general, not less than 24 hours storage should be provided in any distribution system, but
this will depend on the source and location of the water supply.

Main water tanks should be provided with visual level indicators, access ladders, access
manholes, (with adequate provision for safety and lighting) etc. Inlet and overflows
should be close to access points for maintenance purposes.

For individual buildings not connected to the regular potable water mains, like control &
electrical buildings in remote production and distribution stations, airstrip buildings and
like, 3000 litre GRP, to BS 4994, water tanks, one or in required numbers connected
serially, shall be provided on roof top to facilitate water supply to the building. Such tanks
shall have provisions to load by pumping water from a water tanker. The inlet to these
tanks should be fitted with 2” inlet piping with non-return valve. The inlet pipe must
terminate at 1.2 m above ground level on the outer wall of the building, from where the
water tank can access for loading.

2.17.1.5 Pumping

Pump sets should be designed to meet forecast peak demands. Constant pressure systems,
with run and standby facility, are preferred. The maximum pumping pressure shall be
50% of test pressure of the installed water pipes or 6 bar, whichever is minimum.

2.17.1.6 Sterilisation

Potable water systems shall be completely flushed out and sterilised, to the approval of the
Company, before being put into service.

Details of the sterilisation process are given in SP-1285 Specification Buildings Services
Chapter C ‘Plumbing Works’.

2.17.2 Domestic Hot & Cold Water

Design of HWS/ CWS systems shall comply with the requirements of BS 6700:
Specification for Design, Installation, Testing & Maintenance of Services Supplying Water
for Domestic Use within Buildings & their Cartilages.

2.17.2.1 Water Consumption

While published data may be used as guidelines, estimated consumption of water should
be based on specific use as well as numbers of consumers and fittings. For example, for
Staff Accommodation Blocks in the interior, peak demand for HWS is for showers at the
end of shifts.

Water heater sizes should therefore be based on the following.

Shower demand : say 0.1 l/s/shower

Shower duration : say 180 sec

Number of showers

Diversity : say 75%

Section 2.17.1.1 gives typical per capita water demands for different applications.

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2.17.2.2 Water Systems

Systems should be designed for supply directly from the potable water main unless there is
a specific requirement for storage. In any case, drinking water draw offs shall be taken
directly from the main.

HWS/ CWS systems shall be vented at all high points and provision for drain-down shall
be provided at all low points.

Treated effluent water may be used to flush toilet in order to conserve water. In such
situation, a separate close system shall be designed to tap from nearest irrigation source.
Refer also 2.17.8.

2.17.2.3 Isolation

The incoming main shall be provided with a stop valve and a drain cock, preferably
located immediately inside the building. The stop valve may be located in a valve
chamber adjacent to the building.

Connections to sanitary ware, or equipment, should be provided with a means of isolation.


However, in some applications, and subject to Company approval, it may be sufficient to
isolate in sections rather than individually.

2.17.2.4 Insulation

HWS/ CWS pipe work exposed to ambient conditions, concealed in ducts and in false
ceiling voids, and in equipment rooms shall be insulated.

Pipe work buried in wall and floor chases shall be protected.

Surface mounted connections to equipment and fittings shall not be insulated but should
be painted.

2.17.2.5 Sterilisation

HWS/ CWS systems shall be completely flushed out and sterilised, to the approval of the
Company, before being put into service (see section 2.17.1.6).

2.17.2.6 Flush Control Valves

All urinal cisterns, and other automatically flushed devices, Should be fitted with a Sensor
based control valve to limit waste of water. As an alternate, flush control may be achieved
by provision of push button flush pipe valves or by cistern cold feed control valves.

All WC flush system shall be designed to deliver a minimum amount of water required for
a sufficient flush, in not more than six seconds and shall comply with water saving devices
like half flush options to save water consumption.

2.17.2.7 Water Closet spray Assemblies

Anal spray assemblies shall be provided for all AWC’s, and EWCs in public toilets, located
on the right hand side of the pan.

2.17.2.8 Emergency Showers

Emergency showers shall be capable of delivering water at a minimum rate of 80 1/min at


a pressure of 0.3 bar(g).

Water to showers should be taken, by a dedicated gravity feed, from a +cold-water storage
tank. However, if insufficient head is available or the water temperature may exceed 35

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0
C, then a connection should be taken directly off the incoming main, immediately after
the main stop valve.

2.17.2.9 Emergency Eye Wash Stations

Eye wash stations shall be self-contained units, mounted on wall brackets, located within
10 sec or 30 m of the hazard and such that the water temperature shall not exceed 40 0C.

Units shall flush both eyes simultaneously and deliver not less than 1.5 1/min.

2.17.2.10 Hot Water Service Dead legs

HWS deadlegs shall not exceed the lengths listed in Table 27. When dead legs do exceed
these lengths secondary HWS pumps shall be installed.

Table 27: Maximum HWS Dead legs

Pipe Size Max Length

15 mm 12 m

22 mm 8m

28 mm 3m

2.17.3 Drainage

Design of above ground drainage systems shall comply with the requirements of BS EN
12056 ‘Gravity Drainage Systems inside buildings’

2.17.4 Sewerage

This section covers domestic sewage systems that discharge into treatment plants. Sewage
treatment is addressed in section 2.18 of this specification.

Systems handling industrial, non-biodegradable, waste shall be designed in consultation


with the Company.

Storm water drainage shall not discharge into sewage systems.

Systems should be designed in accordance with BS EN 752 Drain & Sewer Systems
Outside buildings and the following Company Standard Drawing STD-2-1030 Typical
Manhole Details.

2.17.4.1 Toilets

The accommodation for male and female personnel shall be kept separate. The minimum
number of fitments for offices, laboratories, training centres, workshops, canteens, etc
shall be as follows:

Table 28: Sanitary Convenience

Fitment Male Personnel Female Personnel

WC 1 for 1 - 15 persons 1 for 1 - 12 persons


2 for 16 - 40 persons 2 for 13 - 25 persons
3 for 41 - 70 persons 3 for 26 - 40 persons
4 for 71 - 100 persons

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Urinals nil up to 5 persons


1 for 6 - 10 persons
2 for 11 - 20 persons
3 for 21 - 40 persons
4 for 41 - 100 persons

Hand-wash 1 for 1 - 20 persons 1 for 1 - 15 persons


basins
2 for 21 - 40 persons 2 for 16 - 30 persons
3 for 41 - 60 persons 3 for 31 - 45 persons
4 for 61 - 80 etc. 4 for 46 - 60 etc.
Showers 1 for 1 - 20 persons
(in laboratories, canteens and
Workshops)

 For Control rooms in plants, 1 WC, 1 hand-wash basin and I shower shall
be provided for every 10 persons on day shift. In addition, 1 urinal shall be
provided for every 10 men.
 Local religious customs and/or regulations shall be followed with respect
to the location of WC suites and the like, including the installation of
foot-washing facilities.
2.17.4.2 Flow Rates

Rates of sewage flow vary with time, location and population. Average and peak flow
rates should be subject to individual analysis for each system. However, in the absence of
definitive data, the figures in Table 29 should be used for average dry weather flows
(DWF):

Table 29: Typical Sewage Flow Rates

Area Water Demand

Coast

Residential 350 litre / day / person

Offices 160 litre / day / person

Interior

Residential 400 litre / day / person

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Offices 160 litre / day / person

Similarly, in the absence of definitive data, peak flows may be taken as 5 times DWF.
Average DWF may be calculated based on the daily sewage discharge over a period of 12
hours. (Eg. 350 litre/ (12X3600) = 0.01 litre/ sec/ person)

2.17.4.3 Minimum Pipe Diameters

Below slab on grade, branch pipes : 50 mm

Below slab on grade, main runs : 110 mm

Building connections : 110 mm

Between manholes : 160 mm

2.17.4.4 Design velocities

It is essential to maintain self-cleaning velocities in drain pipes. Though it is preferable to


achieve a self-cleaning velocity of 0.75 m/ sec, a minimum of 0.6 m/ Sec may be
considered for DWF. However, the maximum velocity in drainpipes should be restricted to
2.4 m/ Sec at peak flow. Drain pipes are normally designed 2/3 full for peak flows. Drain
lines should follow the natural slope of the ground so that they will always lie at the same
depth. The minimum slope for drains should be not less than 1 in 150 for pipes upto 160
mm dia and 1 in 250 for pipes 200 mm dia and above.

2.17.4.5 Location of Manholes

Manholes shall be provided at all changes of direction and at all junctions. For straight
runs of pipe work, the maximum distance between manholes shall be 45 m.

2.17.4.6 Interceptors

Grease traps shall be provided at connections from catering installations and should be
located indoors to contain the temperature to less than 37 oC as higher temperatures will
inhibit the grease-dispersing agent. The use of enzyme dosing shall be considered during
design.

Petrol/oil interceptors shall be provided at connections from vehicle workshop and fuel
stations.

2.17.4.7 Pipe work Under Buildings

The placing of drainage pipe work under buildings shall be avoided wherever possible.
Where unavoidable, pipes shall be laid in straight lines at one gradient. In no case, rain
water pipes and drain pipes shall not pass through electrical equipment rooms and
basements. Access shall be provided for cleaning of obstructions in drains pipes within
building. Such access points within the building shall have screwed access covers.

2.17.4.8Structural Penetrations

Pipe work passing through retaining walls, footings, ground beams etc., shall be sleeved,
with the same material, and packed with polystyrene or similar. Flexible joints shall be
provided at exits from buildings.

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2.17.4.9 Connection to Existing Sewers

Connection to existing sewerage systems shall require prior company approval.

2.17.4.10 Sewage Pumping Stations

Pumping of sewage should be avoided where possible since, in addition to the extra cost, it
also forms the weakest link in the operation of a sewage system.

While the sewage pumping station design must take account of peak flows, the emphasis
on sizing pumps and the sump together with the levels of the flow switches should be on
keeping the sewage flowing so that potential problems of septic in the sump and hydraulic
shock at the treatment plant are avoided. A typical flow rate would be 5 times DWF.

2.17.5 Liquid Petroleum Gas

Design of LPG systems should follow the recommendations of the following BS


Standards:

- BS 5482: Code of Practice for Domestic Butane and Propane Gas Burning
Installations &

- BS EN ISO 10239 Small Craft Liquefied Petroleum Gas systems.

2.17.5.1 Gas Cylinder Stores

Refer section.2.16.2.3.

2.17.5.2 Regulators

For catering installations, primary regulators should be provided at bottle manifold


discharge to give a gas pressure of approximately 350 mb with all appliances operating at
maximum demand.

Secondary regulators should normally be supplied with each appliance, be fitted after the
appliance isolating valve, be adjustable, and be capable of reducing the gas pressure from
approximately 345 mb to the appliance operating pressure at maximum demand.

2.17.5.3 Emergency Shutdown

For catering and industrial systems, an emergency shut-off fire valve, normally of the
deadweight type, shall be provided in the main supply, upstream of the high-pressure
regulator(s). The valve should be operated manually, from exits, and automatically by the
fire detection system.

Cable or electrically activated systems may be used. Electrically operated actuators shall
be suitable for hazard Zone 1.

The following are accepted temperature ratings for deadweight gas valve fusible links.

Inside hoods : 185 0C


Elsewhere : 160 0C

2.17.5.4 Domestic Installations

Domestic LPG installations shall be carried out strictly in accordance with Company
Standard Drawing PDO-STD-2-1403.

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2.17.6 Laboratory Piped Services and fittings

Design of laboratory service should follow DEP 34.17.10.31.Gen and BS 3202: Laboratory
furniture & Fittings.

2.17.7 Fire Fighting Water

Company fire fighting design parameters are set out in SP-1075 Specification for ‘Fire &
Explosion Risk Management’. Brackish water should normally be considered too
corrosive for use as fire fighting water in buildings.

The Company standards for fresh water system materials and equipment shall comply with
the following: SP-1285 Specification for Buildings Services Chapter D ‘Fire Protection
Works’ and the Company Standard Drawing STD-2-1402: Typical Fire Water Details.

2.17.7.1 Hose reels

Hose reel installations should be designed so that the whole of each floor area is protected,
and no part of the area protected is more than 6 m from a hose nozzle when hose is
extended. Water supply should cater for a minimum of 3 hose reels operating at any time,
with a total flow rate of 2.3 1/s, at a working pressure of 2.1 bars (g) at the furthest reel.

The firewater installation should be an extension of the firewater mains. Where firewater
mains are not available, connection may be made to the domestic water supply. In such
cases, the connection shall be made before the incoming water main valve and be
dedicated to the hose reel installations, and fitted with an isolation valve a lockable devise.
In installations where the incoming main pipe work is UPVC, the service pipe work is
copper, and the hose reel pipe work is GI, then the GI branch shall be from the UPVC
before the change to copper.

Office areas hose reels should be automatic, swinging, recess type with 25m of 19mm
hose. Industrial area hose reels should be automatic, swing open, wall type with 30m of
25mm hose.

2.17.7.2 Hydrants

Hydrants should be located in strategic positions around Company buildings, generally at


80 m spacing in industrial areas and 100 m spacing in residential areas, and should be
installed 15 m away from any building, preferably in soft earth or paved areas rather than
roadways.

Hydrants should be sized to give 8.3 l/s at 6bar(g) from a 19 mm nozzle.

2.17.7.3 Fire Storage Tanks

Tanks shall store water for both hydrant and hose reel supply, and should be sized to hold
sufficient water to supply 3 fire fighting jets, 19 mm nozzles, at 8.3 l/s for 45 minutes, i.e.
67.5m3 minimum. Tanks used for combined storage shall have a dedicated firewater
outlet, and a dedicated and secure firewater storage volume.

Below ground storage, such as swimming pools, with suction hose hydrants may be
appropriate.

2.17.7.4 Fire Pumps

Package fire pump sets shall be sized to supply 41.5 l/s with a minimum 4 bar (g) pressure
at the farthest hydrant.

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2.17.8 Irrigation

Treated effluent (TE) from sewage treatment plants should be used for the irrigation of
Company community area soft landscaping.

TE irrigation applications shall comply with the requirements of the Ministry of Regional
Municipalities and Environment.

For some applications, it may be necessary or desirable to use potable water (PW). It is
therefore necessary to check directly with MRME Engineers on all such issues. In
addition, irrigation for Company residences should be taken off the dwelling PW supply,
after the water meter. In either case, the irrigation system demand should match the
quality and quantity of water available. The irrigation system shall comply with SP-1285
Specification for Buildings Services Chapter C ‘Plumbing Works’ & the following
Company Standard Drawings STD-2-1400: Typical Irrigation Details & STD-2-1401:
Typical Potable Water Details.

2.17.8.1 Demand

Irrigation water demands should be determined for individual schemes taking account
evaporation rates, soil conditions, salinity and consequent leaching requirements and the
method of irrigation.

Table 30 sets out typical figures for the maximum water required for mature planting in
the summer based on automatic or semi-automatic drip irrigation systems. Demands
would increase markedly if non-automatic irrigation were employed during daylight hours
when evaporation rates are very high. The figures given do not include for leaching.

Further details of planting requirements are given in SP-1279-Q Specification for Civil &
Building Construction – ‘Landscaping Works’.

Table 30: Typical Irrigation Water Demands

Plant Type Irrigation demand

Large trees (25 m2 canopy) 80 litre/tree/day

Small trees (10 m2 canopy) 40 litre/tree/day

Shrubs 16 litre/shrub/day

Hedges 12 litre/m/day

Ground cover 16 litre/m 2/day

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Grass 10 litre/m 2/day

2.17.8.2 System Components

Typically, an irrigation system comprises the following components.

System Components

1. Head works : Irrigation water storage

Distribution pumps

Filters

Control panel

2. Primary Distribution : Ring mains

Washouts

Sub mains

Pressure regulators

Isolating valves

(Contd.)

System Components (Contd.)

3. Secondary Distribution : Sub mains

Zone control, valves

Laterals

Spray sprinklers

Drip feed emitters

2.17.8.3 Storage

TE should be held in storage tanks similar to what is described in section 2.17.1.4. For
large TE irrigation systems, it may be preferable to provide more than one tank,
strategically located. Tanks should be sized to hold two days demand.

Storage tanks for TE shall be identifiable as not containing drinking water. Signage
should be in Arabic and English and the tanks should be painted green (even if they are
constructed of concrete).

2.17.8.4 Pumping & Filtration

Systems should be designed to operate 8 h a day in two equal periods, morning and
evening.

A run and a standby pump and pressure vessel should be provided together with a stainless
steel core filter with a fine-hole element.

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Pump power and auto-changeover control should normally be incorporated in a main


Motor Control Panel such as that provided for a sewage treatment plant. Pump auto-start
should be initiated by a relay in the Irrigation Control Panel described in section 2.17.8.5.

2.17.8.5 Control Systems

External irrigation control systems should comprise electro-mechanical zoned control


panels and zone solenoid valves. Controls for local small irrigation systems, such as those
in Company residences, may comprise similar solenoid valves controlled by a local timer.

Drip systems generally operate best under pressure of 1 to 3 bars. Pressure regulators,
before the zone solenoid valves, may be required to maintain these limits.

2.17.8.6 Pipe work Identification

TE irrigation water pipe work shall be pigmented green to distinguish from PW.

2.17.8.7 Sprinklers

Since spray sprinklers normally require PW irrigation (refer section 2.17.8.), and incur
higher evaporation losses compared with drip emitters, their use should be avoided where
possible. However, sprinklers should be used for lawn irrigation since emitter systems
often leave blemishes.

2.17.8.8 Emitter Allocations

Table 31 sets out typical emitter allocations for different plants, designed to apply the
quantities of water given in Table 30.

Table 31: Typical Emitter Allocations

Plant type No of Emitters Size

Large trees (25 m2 canopy) 5 each 8 litres / hour

Small trees (10 m2 canopy) 5 each 4 litres / hour

Shrubs 2 each 4 litres / hour

Hedges 3 per m 2 litres / hour

Ground cover 2 per m2 4 litres / hour

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2.17.9 Swimming Pools

For Swimming Pools refer SP-1280 Specification for Swimming Pools – ‘Design &
Construction Guidelines’.

2.18 Sewage Treatment


Installation shall comply with the regulations of the Ministry of Regional Municipalities
and Environment – MRME – which will normally require an Environmental Impact
Statement. The Company focal point for liaison with the MRME is the Environmental
Advisor, Corporate HSE department.

This section primarily covers treatment of domestic, biodegradable, sewage. The


treatment and controlled disposal of industrial, non-biodegradable, waste shall be
determined in conjunction with the Company in each case. The preferred process shall be
by sewage treatment plant with all the treated effluent used for irrigation purposes. For
temporary facilities, facultative ponds may be provided. In remote locations, with
population equivalent up to 100, septic tanks with soakaways may be provided, subject to
Company approval. In specific cases, holding tanks and sludge gulpers may be
appropriate. For very low population equivalents, chemical toilets may be appropriate.

The following Company Standards Drawings relate to sewage treatment systems.

STD-2-1030: Typical Manhole Details

STD-2-1033: Septic Tanks

STD-2-1034: Soakaways

STD-2-4025: Hydrocarbon Disposal Pit

2.18.1 Location of STP

The location of sewage treatment plant should take the following factors into account.

- Adjacent accommodation (minimum separation of 100m)


- Prevailing wind direction
- Availability and cost of land
- Minimised pumping costs
- Future extension.
2.18.2 Pollution Load

Treatment plant throughout and peak flows should be determined as detailed in section
2.17.4.1.

In the absence of definitive data, a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of 65


gm/capita/day should be used.

2.18.3 Sewage Treatment Plant

Treatment should be by the activated sludge process with extended coarse bubble aeration,
chlorination and tertiary filtration, should be collected in a holding tank, and be used for
irrigation purposes. Water retaining structures of epoxy painted reinforced concrete, above
ground, should be preferred.

Control panels, pumps, filters and blowers should be housed in a naturally ventilated block
work with a telephone and external visual fault alarm.

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An overflow pond should be provided for start-up, while process biology is being
established, and for maintenance purposes. Sludge should be collected in drying beds.

Potable water should be provided to a hand-wash trough and to a shower Hose bib taps,
which may supply treated effluent, should be provided at strategic locations for general
cleaning purposes. Treated effluent outlets shall be labelled “NOT DRINKING
WATER”, in Arabic and English.

Provision should be made for maintenance vehicle access and the whole of the sewage
treatment area should be secured within a Type of C fence. Photocell activated external
lighting should be provided around the main plant.

The sewage treatment plant should include, but not be limited to, the
following components.

System Component

1. Inlet works: Will include a pumping station, which can be sized to


act as a raw sewage holding/balancing tank, to even
out the peak flow and prevent shock loading rake
screen.

2. Aeration tank: Sized for a minimum 24 h retention at DWH + 500


mm freeboard transfer float.

(Contd.)

System Component (Contd.)

3. Sedimentation tank: Sized for minimum 6 hr retention at DWF.

Hopper bottom for sludge collection,

Airlift pumps for sludge transfer and removal.

Scum baffle weir plate.

4. Chlorination chamber: Sized for minimum 1 hr retention at DWF.


Chlorination by “liquid chlorine” injection or equal
and approved by the Company. Tablet dispenser not
recommended.

5. Access walkway: Flush with tank rim.

Around perimeter of combined treatment tanks

Across settling tank

Rigid handrail (extn), removable chain handrail


(intrn) caged access ladder

Walkway lighting

6. Tertiary filtration: Duty and standby pressure type multi-media filters

Duty and standby filter service pumps.

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Dedicated backwash pump

Each sized for a minimum 2 x DWF

7. Controls: Common programmable logic control

Staggered motor start

Duty/standby auto –change

Auto-reset

Visual fault alarm

8. Flow measurement: On raw sewage at inlet and treated effluent water at


outlet.

9. Test kit: Dissolved oxygen

PH

Chlorine

Measuring cylinders

9. Test kit (contd.) BOD5 should normally be measured at the Company


facilities

10. Treated effluent Sized for a minimum 48 h retention at DWF


Storage tank:

The sewage treatment process and control philosophy should be agreed with the Company
during the preliminary design of each plant.

2.18.4 Treated Effluent Standard

Sewage treatment plant shall comply with the regulations of the Ministry of Regional
Municipalities and Environment Table 32 gives current requirements in mg.l or ppm
(unless otherwise stated). For definition of A and B, refer Table 28.

Table 32: Treated Effluent Standards – Maximum Quality Limits

Standards (See Table 28)


Parameter
A B

BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand – 5d@200C 15.000 20.000

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 150.000 200.000

Suspended Solids (SS) 15.000 30.000

Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) 1500.000 2000.000

Electrical Conductivity (E C) (micro S./ cm) 2000.000 2700.000

Sodium Absorption Ration (SAR)* 10.000 10.000

pH (within range) 6-9.000 6-9.000

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Aluminium (as Al) 5.000 5.000

Arsenic (as As) 0.100 0.100

Barium (as Ba) 1.000 2.000

Beryllium (as Be) 0.100 0.300

Boron (as B) 0.500 1.000

Cadmium (as Cd) 0.010 0.010

Chloride (as Cl) 650.000 650.000

Chromium (as Cr) 0.050 0.050

Cobalt (as Co) 0.050 0.050

Copper (as Cu) 0.500 1.000

(Contd.)

Table 32: Treated Effluent Standards – Maximum Quality Limits (contd.)

Standards (See Table 28)


Parameter
A B

Cyanide (total as CN) 0.050 0.100

Fluorine (as F) 1.000 2.000

Iron (total as Fe) 1.000 5.000

Lead (as Pb) 0.100 0.200

Lithium (as Li) 0.070 0.070

Magnesium 150.000 150.000

Manganese 0.100 0.500

Mercury 0.001 0.001

Molybdenum 0.010 0.050

Nickel 0.100 0.100

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Nitrogen: Ammonical (as N) 5.000 10.000

Nitrogen: Nitrate (as NO3) 50.000 50.000

Nitrogen: Organic (Kjeldahl) (as N) 5.000 10.000

Oil and Grease (total extractable) 0.500 0.500

Phenols (total) 0.001 0.002

Phosphorus (total as P) 30.000 30.000

Selenium 0.020 0.002

Silver 0.010 0.010

Sodium 200.000 300.000

Sulphate 400.000 400.000

Sulphide 0.100 0.100

Vanadium 0.100 0.100

Zinc 5.000 5.000

Faecal Coliform Bacteria (per 100 mm). 200.000 1000.000

Viable Nematode Ova (per litre). <1.000 <1.000

Table 33, below, provides details of the re-use of wastewater from a sewage treatment
plant. Wastewater quality shall at all times be within the limits that are set out in Table
32.

Table 33: Treated Effluent Re-Use – Areas of application of Standards A and


B (see table 32)

Area A B

(For effluent standard refer Table 27)

Vegetables likely to be eaten raw. Vegetables to be cooked or


processed.
Crops
Fruit likely to be eaten raw and Fruit if no irrigation within 2
within 2 weeks of any irrigation weeks of cropping. Fodder,
cereal and seed crops.

Grass & Public parks, Hotel, Lawns Pastures.


Ornamental Areas Recreational Areas.

Areas with public access. Lakes Areas with no public access.


with public contact (except places
which may be used for praying
and hand washing).

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Aquifer Recharge All controlled aquifer recharge.

Method of Spray or any other method of arial irrigation not permitted in areas
Irrigation with public access unless with timing control.

Any other Re-use Subject to the approval of the Ministry.


Applications

2.18.5 Facultative Ponds

Facultative Ponds shall require special permit from MRME and PDO Corporate HSE
department. All Facultative pond shall be lined.

Facultative ponds should be sized on the basis of 2 months holding excluding losses. The
maximum holding level should be at a depth of 800 mm to achieve a reasonable balance of
aerobic and anaerobic action.

Bunds should be constructed of late-rite fine grade, maximum 40m, in layers of 150 mm,
well compacted up to 95% modified AASHTO. The internal bund gradient should be
1:1.5 maximum, top bund widths should be 1000 mm minimum and the external bund
gradient should be 1:2 maximum. The external bund face may have riprap. The height of
the bund should be 1200 mm above the floor of the pond.

The whole of the evaporative pond area should be secured within a Type G fence.

2.18.6 Septic Tanks

The design of septic tanks with soakaways should comply with the Company Standard
Drawing listed in section 2.18.

2.18.7 Hydrocarbon Disposal Pits

The design of pits for the collection of hydrocarbon waste shall comply with the Company
Standard Drawing STD-2-4025 and other standards listed in section 2.18.

2.19 Electrical Services


This section covers the design of building services low voltage (LV), 415V/3ph/50Hz,
electrical distribution installations and extra low voltage (LLV), 30V and below,
instrumentation installations. High voltage (HV), rated above 415V, installations are not
part of the building services design scope nor are LV vital supply installations. The scope
of, and interface between, LV and HV electrical designs shall be established with the
Company at preliminary design stage. Electrical building services installations include:

- LV Electrical Supply

- Small Power

- In-door Lighting

- Emergency Lighting

- Outdoor Lighting

- Fire Detection and Alarm

- Lightning Protection

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- Telecoms

- Datacoms

- Television and Video

- Audio

- Nurse Call

The entire electrical installation shall be designed to be suitable for the environment and
climatic conditions prevailing in the Sultanate of Oman.

The following Company Standard Specifications and Drawings relate to LV electrical


distribution systems shall be applicable for the Electrical services.

IP 15 : Institute of Petroleum Model Code of Safe Practice Part


15 - ‘Area Classification Code for Petroleum
Installations’

SP-1099 : Specification for Electrical Installation Practice

SP-1104 : Specification for Electrical Safety Rules

SP-1105 : Specification for Electrical Standard Drawings List

SP-1110 : Specification for Electrical Supplies to Mobile Camps

SP-1111 : Specification for Temporary Electrical Supplies

DEP 33.64.10.10-Gen : Electrical Engineering Guidelines

DEP 80.00.10.10 Gen : Area classifications (Amendments / Supplement to IP 15)

2.19.1 Electrical Supply

Building services electrical supply design should normally comprise input to the design of
the LV main switchboard and earth bar, which should be part of the HV design scope,
together with the design of the LV electrical installation from the LV main switchboard
outgoings and the earth bar.

Vital service supply by no-break set (UPS) or emergency generator set shall not be part of
building services design, which shall be confined to local battery backup packages.

2.19.1.1 Rated Voltage & Frequency

Electrical equipment shall be selected to comply with the following rated voltages and
frequencies.

415V/3ph/50Hz, 240V/1ph/50Hz

2.19.1.2 Loads

The electrical design shall include a schedule of connected and instantaneous loads, which
shall be updated during the design process to form the basis of the power supply and
distribution capacity. The figures given in Table 34 may be used for estimating purposes.
The power supply and distribution system should be designed with minimum 25% spare
capacity to accommodate changes and future expansion.

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The overall system power factor, inclusive of reactive power losses in transformers and
distribution system equipment, shall not be less than 0.8 lagging at rated design load.

2.19.1.3 Voltage Drop

The voltage drop in cables between LV main switchboard outgoings and consumer
terminals shall not be more than 5%, based on continuous maximum current loading and
rated voltage. Moreover, during the starting and stopping of heavy loads, such as chiller
compressors, the transient voltage depression at the terminals of any motor shall not be
more than 20% of the rated equipment voltage.

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Table 34: Estimated Electrical Loads

Facility Maximum Demand

PDO Permanent Camp

Accommodation 4.5 kVA/unit

Laundry / Messing 1.0 kVA/person

Cinema (open air) 4.8 kVA

Clinic 18.0 kVA

Football Pitch 36.0 kVA

Fuel Station 21.0 kVA

Guard House 10.0 kVA

Mosque 14.5 kVA

Shop 10.0 kVA

Squash Court 9.0 kVA

Tennis Court 18.0 kVA

PDO Temporary Camp

Accommodation 3.7 kVA/unit

Laundry / Messing 0.7 kVA/person

Contractor Facility

Accommodation 3.7 kVA/unit

Laundry / Messing 0.4 kVA/person

Workshop (open sheds) 30.0 kVA/unit

Broad brush 30.0 VA/m2

2.19.1.4 Underground Cable De rating

While the sizing of above ground cables shall be in accordance with the IEE Regulations
(refer section 1.4.3 for the IEE), a basic de-rating factor, depending on cable size and type,
shall be used for underground cables. The figures given in Table 35 shall be used a
catchall factors.

A further de-rating factor shall be applied relating to the grouping of cables.

Table 35: Overall De rating Factors for Underground LV Cables (Note: Not applicable to
cable groups)

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Cable De rating Factor

Single Core Up to 150 mm2 0.61

185 – 400 mm2 0.60

above 500 mm2 0.59

Multi Core Up to 16 mm2 0.65

25 – 150 mm 2 0.63

above 185 mm2 0.62

2.19.1.5 Underground Cables

LV cables sizes 16 mm 2 and above shall be copper conductor, cross-linked polyethylene


insulated, steel wire armoured, polyvinyl chloride sheathed (XLPE/SWA/PVC).

LV cables sizes 2.5 mm 2 to 10 mm2 may be PVC insulated, copper braid armoured, PVC
sheathed, (PVC/SWB/PVC).

2.19.1.6 Earthing

Earthing systems shall be provided in accordance with SP-1099 Specification for


Electrical Installation Practice section 2.3, ‘Earthing Systems’. The system of earthing
shall be TN-S, that is, protection against indirect contact obtained by earthed equipotential
bonding and automatic disconnection of supply.

Minimum ring cable size shall be 70 mm 2, minimum radial cable size shall be 25 mm 2.

2.19.2 Small Power

Appendix L includes the following small power requirements relating to Company


facilities.

- Power outlets

- Shaver outlets

- Hand dryers

- Fire alarm systems

- Air-conditioners

- Ventilation fans

- Water heaters

- Drinking water coolers

- Cookers

- Refrigerators

- Insectocutors

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SP-1099 Specification for Electrical Installation Practice, gives the Company Electrical
Standards for the following.

- Applicable Standards, Specifications & Codes

- General Requirements

- Cable Installation

- Earthing Systems

- Hazardous Area

- Equipment Installation

The Company Electrical Standard Drawings lists are contained in SP-1105 Specification
for Electrical Standard Drawings List.

2.19.2.1 Power Supply

Electrical designs shall include distribution board and feeder pillar single line diagrams
showing:

- Board reference, area served and location.

- Incoming feeder cable size and reference.

- Circuit MCB/RCD protection sizes.

- Sub circuit ways, outgoing feeders, MCB/RCD/ELCB protection ratings, wire sizes
and sub areas served.

- Sub circuit loads and total connected load per phase.

- Min 25% spare outgoing feeders (refer section 2.19.1).

Distribution boards shall incorporate residual current type earth leakage circuit breakers to
provide discriminatory protection as follows.

- Distribution Board feeders: 100mA

- Socket outlet ring sub circuit: 30mA

Distribution boards shall not be located within toilets or ablutions. Neither power outlet
nor switch shall be located within 1 m of a water source, or under a water pipe.

A means of identifiable local isolation shall be provided for each connection to electrical
equipment.

2.19.2.2 Power Consumption

All single-phase loads shall, as far as is practically possible, be evenly distributed over the
phases.

2.19.2.3 Voltage Drop

Refer section 2.19.1.3 of this specification for voltage drop.

2.19.2.4 Cables

Armoured cables shall be as described for underground cables in section 2.19.1.4.

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Cables in conduit or trunking shall be copper conductor, PVC insulated. Minimum size
shall be 2.5 mm 2.

2.19.2.5 Conduit & Trunking

PVC conduit shall be used only inside buildings in locations not liable to mechanical
damage. Only GI conduit shall be used for external work. Minimum conduit size shall be
20 mm. Design drawings should indicate the number and use (line, neutral and protective
earth) of cables in each conduit.

GI trunking should be used instead of multiple conduit runs. Trunking that is intended for
the accommodation of different services shall be divided into separate compartments to
provide complete cable separation.

Steel conduit and trunking shall be electrically and mechanically continuous throughout.

2.19.2.6 Earthing & Bonding

Earthing and bonding installations shall be shown on the electrical design drawings. All
metallic electrical equipment enclosures shall be earthed as described in section 2.19.1.6.

Exposed metalwork of all conduits, trunking, ducts, sheaths and armouring of cables, and
all fixed metalwork which is in reach of electrical apparatus, shall be bonded and earthed.
Such other fixed metalwork required, to be bonded and earthed shall include exposed
metal pipes, sinks and tanks.

The earth bonding connection to any water services entering a building shall be as near as
possible to the point of entry, after the isolation valve.

Minimum cable size for bonding metal pipes, sinks and the like shall be 6 mm 2.

2.19.3 Indoor Lighting

General requirements for the illumination of Company facilities are given in Appendix L.
Where requirements are not listed in Appendix L, illumination levels should follow the
standards listed below: Indoor lighting design should comply with the recommendations of
the following.

BS 8206: Code of Practice for Artificial Lighting.

BS ISO 8995: Lighting of Indoor Work Places

CIBSE: Code of Interior Lighting.

2.19.3.1 Luminaries

As well as first cost, lamps should be selected for long life, giving reduced maintenance
and replacement costs, and low energy consumption. Where special requirements for
colour rendering exist, they should be met. Incandescent lamps should only be used for
decorative purposes. Low pressure sodium discharge lamps should not be used since they
represent a fire hazard in the event of breakage. Table 36 gives typical lamp selections for
standard applications.

Table 36: Typical Indoor Lamp Selection

Application Lamp

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General Fluorescent Types 2D,PL,SL,TL

Industrial Fluorescent Type TL, white

High bay HP discharge Type MBF

Fluorescent Ex e
Zone 1 & 2
HP discharge Ex d

Luminaries located in ablution and toilet areas shall be protected to IP54, in special cases,
for example, where cleaning is by water hose, IP55 may be required. Light switches in
ablution and toilet areas shall be pull cord operated.

Luminaries, surface mounted on ceilings of combustible material, shall be offset by 50


mm.

2.19.4 Emergency Lighting

Emergency lighting systems cover escape route lighting, exit sign indication and vital
lighting.

The function of emergency lighting shall be to:

- Indicate the escape routes clearly and unambiguously.

- Provide illumination along such routes to allow safe movement towards and
through the exits provided.

Ensure that the fire alarm call points and fire fighting equipment provided along escape
routes can be readily located.

- Provide illumination to a facility which, when failing in operation, can cause an


unsafe condition or can result in major damage.

Escape route and exit lighting shall be located at each exit door, emergency exit door, and
where necessary to identify potential hazards, that is,

- At corridor intersections

- At corridor changes of direction

- At stair flights

- At hazardous changes in floor level.

General requirements for escape route and exit lighting are given in Appendix L.

An un-switched power supply shall be provided to keep the battery backup packs on
charge, and to sense mains failure.

Emergency lighting system design, installation and implementation shall confirm to the
requirements of BS 5266, Emergency Lighting.

2.19.4.1 Escape Route Lighting

Fixed escape route lighting shall actuate within 5 sec of normal lighting failure.
Illumination should be not less than 0.2 lux.

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Light fittings should be non-maintained, self contained, slave luminaries, operated by a


DC battery which shall be capable of 3 hour running time. Alternatively, battery backup
conversion kits may be used on selected lamps to enable fluorescent luminaries to operate
as emergency lighting.

2.19.4.2 Exit Lighting

Exit light fittings should be maintained, self-contained slave units, with 3 hour battery
backup.

EXIT lettering, in Arabic and English, shall be green on a white background.

2.19.4.3 Vital Lighting

In cases where vital lighting is required for operational purposes, battery backup
conversion kits should be used in a proportion of the standard light fittings.

Appropriate vital illumination levels should be calculated in each case, but in the absence
of definitive data, the number of vital lamps as part of the total number of lamps may be
determined using Table 37.

Table 37: Typical Vital Lighting Requirements

Area Vital Lamps

Administrative Area 5%

Computer Room 10%

Control Room 50%

Field Auxiliary Room 30%

Switch House 30%

Utility Area 20%

Clinic Ward 25%

2.19.5 Outdoor Lighting

Outdoor lighting installations shall comply with SP-1099 Specification for Electrical
Installation Practice section 2.5.5 Lighting.

2.19.5.1 Lighting Fixtures

Outdoor lighting fixtures shall be located a minimum distance of 0.5 m from the face of
roadway kerbs and a minimum 1.5 m from the face of car park kerbs.

Polycarbonate diffusers shall not be used unless they are certified as UV resistant.

Table 33 includes preferred lamp types for outdoor lighting applications.

2.19.5.2 Illumination Levels

Table 38 also gives minimum maintained illumination levels for outdoor lighting.

Table 38: Typical Outdoor Lighting Lamps & Illumination Levels

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Application Lamp Type Illumination

Football Pitch SON 150 lux

Lay down Area MBF 50 lux

Operational Area MBF 10 lux

Roadway MBF 10 lux

Tennis Court SON 200 lux

Volleyball Court SON 200 lux

Walkway MBF.2D 10 lux

Workshop MBF 50 lux

2.20 Fire Detection & Alarm


The Company fire detection and alarm design parameters are set out in SP-1075
Specification for Fire, Explosion & Risk Management. General requirements are given in
Appendix L. For the fire detection and alarm equipment and materials shall comply with
the requirements as given in SP-1285 Specification for Buildings Services Chapter D ‘Fire
Protection Works’. The above are considered as being the minimum standard, however
each project shall be reviewed for particular requirements at the design stage.

2.20.1 Operational Criteria

Power supplies for fire detection and alarm systems shall include a standby battery and
automatic charger, and shall be designed so as not to become inoperative in the event of
failure of the power supply. In general, stand by power supply shall be designed in
accordance with DEP 33.65.50.31-Gen. ‘Static DC Uninterruptible Power Supply (DC
UPS) Units’.

The main supply feeding the local annunciator panel shall be connected to a dedicated
circuit way on a distribution board which is part of the main switch panel. No other
service shall be connected to this circuit way and, where MCBs are used, the one serving
the fire protection system shall be coloured red and labelled, white/red/white, FIRE
ALARM-DO NOT SWITCH OFF (consideration should be given to providing a key
switch; the key being held by the fire officer). The main supply cable should follow the
least hazardous route available.

The battery backup power supply shall provide at least 24-hour of system operation plus
15-minute of full alarm.

The battery charger shall be capable of restoring the battery to full capacity within 8 hours
from fully discharged condition. Fault monitoring and alarm indication shall be provided
for:

a. Main power failure by red light without opening the panel

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b. Battery power failure indication

c. Charger output failure indication

A closed circuit principle shall be used, and all wiring shall be continuously monitored
such that any of the following conditions cause a FAULT indication at the local
annunciator panel.

a. Short circuit fault, indicating the affected zone.

b. Open circuit fault, indicating the affected zone.

c. Earth fault.

d. Power supply fault.

The control circuitry shall be so arranged such that none of the above conditions cause the
fire alarms to sound. Monitoring of the system shall be intrinsic in the control circuit
design and shall be automatic in operation, and shall not require manual operation of
switches or other apparatus.

Large buildings shall be suitably zoned in accordance with BS 5839 Fire detection and
Alarm system for buildings.

The local annunciator panel shall be located at the building main entrance and shall be
visible from outside the building. The panel shall indicate zone FAULT, and zone FIRE
which shall be activated by manual call points and automatic detection systems.
Activation of one zone alarm shall operate audible alarms on all zones. Activation of one
zone alarm shall also shutdown air-conditioning systems in all zones except for systems
that do not cause the spread of smoke outside the area of the fire. FAULT and FIRE
alarm shall be relayed to a central mimic panel, at a location specified by the Company.

2.20.2 Cables

Fire alarm and detection cables shall be segregated from other electrical services,
including those of similar voltage and frequency.

Cables shall be protected by armour, conduit or trunking. Buried cables shall have steel
wire armour and cables encased within building fabric may be in PVC conduit. Cables
should be exposed only in industrial applications.

Cables should be single copper conductor, minimum size 2.5 mm 2 for low voltage (240v)
and minim size 1.13 mm 2 for very low voltage (to 30v).

Mineral insulated cable should not normally be required for fire detection and alarm
systems.

2.21 Lightning Protection


Lightning protection requirements, if any, should be based on the factors listed below and
shall be agreed with the Company.

- Exposure risk

- Use of structure

- Type of construction

- Contents or consequential effects

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- Height of structure and degree of isolation

- Location topography

Lightning protection system designs should follow the requirements of BS 6651, Code of
Practice for Protection of Structures Against Lightning.

2.22 Telecom Networks


The design of telephone distribution systems shall be agreed with and approved by the
Company Telecommunications Projects Department (TCT). The building services design
shall include, but not be limited to, allocation of reserved rights of way, external layouts,
internal layouts and schematics. A key sheet may also be required.

The project scope of work, and the interface between the building services contractor and
the telecoms contractor, shall also be agreed with TCT. Normally, this will exclude the
pulling and the terminations of external telephone cable but will include the distribution
points, telephone outlets, and terminations at the distribution points, conduit and wiring,
and terminations at the outlets.

Company supplied materials, which are free issue to the building services contractor, shall
be specified by TCT. Normally, they will include:

- Underground ducting

- Distribution boxes

- Manhole accessories

Underground cables and handsets are installed by Telecom Specialist Contractors.

General requirements for telephones are given in Appendix L.

The Company Standards for cable laying, manhole construction, duct installation and for
installation within buildings is given in PDO-ERD-71-01, Installation of Underground and
Internal Telephone Cable Networks.

2.22.1 Data Communications Networks

The scope of building services design should normally be confined to the provision of
distribution ways, conduit, trunking or trays, and outlet points together with spatial
requirements for equipment.

The scope and design shall be agreed with approved by the Company Telecommunications
Department (TCT).

2.22.2 Television & Video Networks

Normally, provision for TV shall be confined to built-in conduit and outlet points.
However, in cases where reception for individual buildings is not possible, a central
antenna system may be provided. For camps in the Oman Interior, a VCP system, as well
as a satellite dish, may also be included.

Concept design shall be part of the building services scope with detail design provided by
a Specialist Vendor. Both concept and detail design shall be subject to Company approval.

General requirements for TV outlets are given in Appendix L.

2.22.3 Audio Systems

Concept and detail design scopes shall be as described in section 2.22.2.

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2.22.4 Nurse Call Systems

Concept and detail design scopes shall be as described in section 2.22.2. General
requirements for Nurse Call systems are given in Appendix L.

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Appendices
Appendix A: Glossary of Definitions & Abbreviations

Appendix B: Weights of General Building Materials

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes

Appendix D: Wall Finishes

Appendix E: Floor Finishes

Appendix F: Skirting

Appendix G: Ceilings

Appendix H: Door Types

Appendix I: Window Types (Glazing)

Appendix J: Ironmongeries

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria

Appendix L: Electrical Requirements

Appendix M: SP User Comment Form

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Appendix A: Glossary of Definitions & Abbreviations


For the purposes of this document, the following definitions, terminology and
abbreviations shall apply.

A.1 General Definitions & Terminology

Shall : The word 'shall' indicates a requirement

Should : The word 'should' indicates a recommendation

the Company : Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.,

the : The party with which the Company has entered into a Contract
Contractor
Manufacturer : A Party responsible for the manufacture of equipment and services to
perform the duties specified by the Consultant or the Company.

Vendor / : A party responsible for the supply of equipment, materials or product


Supplier: related services in accordance with the purchase order issued by
PDO or its nominated purchasing office.

Local Agent : An authorised agent of a Manufacturer in the Sultanate Of Oman


who can supply the product and services.

National : A product defined as a National Product, in origin manufactured in


Product the Sultanate Of Oman as per the General Conditions of Contract.

GCC Product : A product defined as a GCC Product, in origin manufactured in GCC


country as per the General Conditions of Contract.

Works : The permanent Works to be executed and maintained in accordance


with the contract together with all temporary works of every kind
required in or about the execution or maintenance of the Works.

Workshop : A defined place, approved by the Company, where the Contractor


executes fabrication works.

Worksite : The land and other places on, under, in or through which the Works
are to be executed.

the User : The Company, and/or Consultant, designate using this document.

Temporary : Any member or structure which needs to withstand loads and forces
Structures of a temporary nature, such as scaffolding, erection bracing, steel
props, commissioning facilities, etc. The word ‘temporary’ shall be
understood as a short period, limited to maximum of 2 years.

Semi : Any member or structure which needs to withstand all


Permanent meteorological conditions, loads and forces of a permanent nature,
Structures but designed for a short period. The word ‘semi-permanent’ shall be
understood as a relatively short period, limited to maximum of 4
years.

Permanent : Any member or structure which needs to withstand all


Structures meteorological conditions, loads and forces of a permanent nature,
but designed for a long period. The word ‘permanent’ shall be
understood as a relatively long period, say 30 years or more.

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A.2 Abbreviations

The following abbreviations are used in this document.

AASHTO : American Association of State Highway and Transport Officials

ACI : American Concrete Institute

ACV : Aggregate Crushing Value.

ASME : American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASNT : American Society Non-Destructive Testing

ASTM : American Society for Testing and Materials

AWC : Asian Water Closet

AWS : American Welding Society

B : Bottom

BLK : Block work

BOB : Bottom of Base

BOP : Bottom of Pipe

BS : British Standard

BWK : Brickwork

CBR : California Bearing Ratio

CIBSE : Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers

CFDH : Corporate Functional Discipline Head

CP : Code of Practice

CWS : Code Water Service

DB : Dry Bulb Temperature

DEP : Design and Engineering Practice (SIEP / Shell GSI Standard)

DFT : Dry Film Thickness

DIA : Diameter

A.2 Abbreviations (contd.)

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DIN : Deutsche Institute for Normung (West German Institute for


Standardisation)

DRG : Drawing

DWF : Dry Weather Flow

EF : Each Face

EW : Each Way

ELCB : Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker

EPC : Engineering, Procurement & Construction

ERD : Engineering Reference Document

ESD : Emergency Shutdown

EWC : European Water Closet

EXL : Existing Level

FF : Far Face

FFL : Finished Floor Level

FS : Full Size

GCC : Gulf Cooperation Council

GI : Galvanised Iron

GRC : Glass Reinforced Concrete

GRE/GRP : (Fibre) Glass Reinforced Epoxy or Plastic

GRG : Glass Reinforced Gypsum

HDPE : High Density Polyethylene

HOR : Horizontal

HP : High Pressure

HSE : Health, Safety and Environment

HV : High Voltage

HW : Hardwood

IEE : Institution of Electrical Engineers

(Contd.)

A.2 Abbreviations (contd.)

JE : Junior Employee

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

JS : Junior Staff

LPG : Liquid Petroleum Gas

LV : Low Voltage

MAF : Mina Al Fahal (PDO Coastal Centre of Operations)

MAX : Maximum

MBF : High Pressure Mercury Discharge

MCB : Miniature Circuit Breaker

MIN : Minimum

MMMF : Man Made Mineral Fibres

MOC : Ministry of Communications

MPN : Most Probable Number

MRME : Ministry of Regional Municipalities & Environment

N : Neutral

N/A : Not Applicable

NF : Near Face

No. : Number

NTS : Not to Scale

OPC : Ordinary Portland Cement

PE : Protective Conductor

PDO : Petroleum Development Oman LLC

ppm : Parts per Million

PVA : Polyvinyl Acetate

PVC : Polyvinyl Chloride

PW : Potable Water

RC : Reinforced Concrete

RCD : Residual Current Device

(Contd.)

A.2 Abbreviations (contd.)

SELV : Safe Extra Low Voltage

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Shell GSI : Shell Global Solutions International B.V.

SIC : Shell International Chemicals B.V.

SIEP : Shell International Exploration and Production B.V.

SIS : Sveriges Standard Iseringskommision (Swedish Standards


Institute)

SON : High Pressure Sodium Discharge

SP : Specification

SPP : Sulphonate Petroleum Product

SRD : HSE (Safety) Reference Document

SS : Senior Staff

SSL : Structural Slab Level

STD : Standard

SWA : Steel Wire Armour

SWB : Steel Wire Braid

T : Top

TE : Treated Effluent

TN-S : Separate N and PE Conductors

TOC : Top of Concrete

TOG : Top of Grating

TOS : Top of Steel

UPS : Uninterrupted Power Supply

UPVC : Unplasticised Polyvinyl Chloride

UV : Ultra Violet

VERT : Vertical

WB : Wet Bulb Temperature

A.3 Abbreviations for Building Types

The abbreviations used in this document for different building types are given in Table
A.3.1

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Table A.3.1: Building Type Codes

Code Building or Area

ABL : Ablutions

ABL/1 : Ablution Block – SS

ABL/2 : Ablution Block – JS

ABL/3 : Ablution Block – JE

ACC : Accommodation

ACC/1 : Accommodation – SS House

ACC/2 : Accommodation – SS Bachelor Flats

ACC/3 : Accommodation – SS Rooms

ACC/4 : Accommodation – JS Units

ACC/5 : Accommodation – JE Units

AIR : Air Terminal

AIR/1 : Air Terminal – Building

AIR/2 : Air Terminal – Sunshade

ANC : Ancillary Building (Catering / Laundry)

ANC/1 : Ancillary Building – Main Camps

ANC/2 : Ancillary Building – Satellite Camps

(Contd.)

Table A.3.1: Building Type Codes (contd.)

Code Building or Area

CON : Control Building

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CON/1 : Control Building – Type 1

CON/2 : Control Building – Type 2

CON/3 : Control Building – Type 3

ELE : Electrical Facility

ELE/1 : Electrical Installation – Substation

ELE/2 : Electrical Installation – Switch Yard

ELE/3 : Electrical Installation – Power Station

EXP : Explosives Store

FIR : Fire Station

FIR/1 : Fire Station – Type 1

FIR/2 : Fire Station – Type 2

GAR : Garage / Fuel Station

GAR/1 : Garage / Fuel Station – Type 1

GAR/2 : Garage / Fuel Station – Type 2

GAR/3 : Garage / Fuel Station – Type 3

GUA : Guard House

GUA/1 : Guard House

GUA/2 : Sentry Box

(Contd.)

Table A.3.1: Building Type Codes (contd.)

Code Building or Area

HOS : Hospital / Clinic

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HOS/1 : Clinic – Type 1

HOS/2 : Clinic – Type 2

HOS/3 : First Aid Post

KIT : Kitchen (Separate Building)

KIT/1 : Kitchen – SS

KIT/2 : Kitchen – JS

KIT/3 : Kitchen – JE

LAB : Laboratory

LAB/1 : Laboratory – Production Chemistry

LAB/2 : Laboratory – Geology

LAU : Laundry

MES : Mess / Canteen

MES/1 : Mess / Canteen – SS

MES/2 : Mess / Canteen – JS

MES/3 : Mess / Canteen – JE

MOS : Mosque

MOS/1 : Mosque – Permanent

MOS/2 : Mosque – Prayer Shelter

(Contd.)

Table A.3.1: Building Type Codes (contd.)

Code Building or Area

OFF : Office

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OFF/1 : Office – Solid Partitions

OFF/2 : Office – Demountable Partitions

REC : Recreational Facility

REC/1 : Recreational Facility – SS

REC/2 : Recreational Facility – JS

REC/3 : Recreational Facility – JE

REC/4 : Recreational Facility – Arts & Crafts

REC/5 : Recreational Facility – Cinema Indoor

REC/6 : Recreational Facility – Cinema Outdoor

REC/7 : Recreational Facility – Swimming Pool

ROS : Reverse Osmosis Plant (Utilities)

SCH : School/Training Centre

SCH/1 : Junior School

SCH/2 : Kindergarten

SCH/3 : Training Centre

SHO : Shop

SHO/1 : Shop – Bulk Store (Liquor)

SHO/2 : Shop – General Store

(Contd.)

Table A.3.1: Building Type Codes (contd.)

Code Building or Area

SPO : Sports Facility

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

SPO/1 : Sports Facility – Squash Court

SPO/2 : Sports Facility – Sports Hall / Gym

SPO/3 : Sports Facility – Boat Centre

SPO/4 : Sports Facility – Golf Course

SPO/5 : Sports Facility – Tennis / Volleyball Court

SPO/6 : Sports Facility – Changing Rooms

SPO/7 : Sports Facility – Sports Field

STO : Store

STO/1 : Store – Edit and Seismic Tape

STO/2 : Store – File Archives

STO/3 : Store – Chemical

STO/4 : Store – Core Shed

STO/5 : Store – Loose Grain Store

STO/6 : Store – Cold Store

STO/7 : Store – Dry Store / Tinned Food Store

STO/8 : Store – Gas Bottle

STP : Sewage Treatment Plant

TEL : Telecommunications Facility

TEL/1 : Telecoms Buildings – Type A

TEL/2 : Telecoms Buildings – Type B

TEL/3 : Telecoms Buildings – Type C

TEL/4 : Telecoms Buildings – Type D

(Contd.)

Table A.3.1: Building Type Codes (contd.)

Code Building or Area

TRU : Transportable Unit (Cabin)

TRU/1 : Temporary Accommodation

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TRU/2 : Temporary Offices

TRU/3 : Temporary Store

TRU/4 : Temporary Mess

TRU/5 : Temporary Kitchen

TRU/6 : Temporary Ablution

WAH : Warehouse / Depot

WAH/01 : Warehouse / Depot – Non-Inflammable Material

WAH/02 : Warehouse / Depot – Personal Effects

WAH/03 : Warehouse / Depot – Furniture & Semi-Inflammable

WAH/04 : Warehouse / Depot – Inflammable Material

WOR : Workshop

WOR/01 : Workshop – Electrical & Air-conditioning

WOR/02 : Workshop – Mechanical

WOR/03 : Workshop – Instrument

WOR/04 : Workshop – Carpentry

WOR/05 : Workshop – Light Vehicle

WOR/06 : Workshop – Heavy Vehicle

WOR/07 : Workshop – Integrated

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A.4 Abbreviations for Room Types

The abbreviations used in this document for different room types are given in Table A.4.1.

Table A.4.1: Room Type Codes

Code Room Type

ALL : All rooms unless noted otherwise

BAKE : Bakery

BAR : Bar

BATH : Bathroom

BED : Bedroom

BLDG : Building

BTRY : Battery Room

CANT : Canteen

CDST : Cold Store

CHRM : Changing Room

CLNR : Cleaners Room

CLRM : Classroom

CONF : Conference Room

CORR : Corridor

CTRL : Control Room

DARK : Dark Room

DINE : Dining Room

DPFZ : Deep Freeze Store

DUCT : Service Duct

ELEC : Electrical Cupboard

ENTR : Entrance Hall

EQMT : Equipment Room

EXAM : Examination Room

FILE : Files Store

(Contd.)

Table A.4.1: Room Type Codes (contd.)

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Code Room Type

ICE : Ice Store

ISO : Isotope Pit

KTCH : Kitchen

LABC : Laboratory (Cores)

LABO : Laboratory (Oil)

LABW : Laboratory (Water)

LBRY : Library

LDRY : Laundry

LESR : Leisure

LIFT : Elevator

LNGE : Lounge/Sitting Room

MORT : Mortuary

OFF1 : 7 m2 Module Office

OFF2 : 10.5 m2 Module Office

OFF3 : Drawing Office

PARK : Parking Bay

PRAY : Prayer Room

PREP : Food Preparation

PROJ : Projection Room

PTRY : Pantry

REC1 : Recreation – Snooker Room

REC2 : Recreation – Table Tennis Room

RECP : Reception

REDX : First Aid Room

RSNT : Restaurant

(Contd.)

TableA.4.1: Room Type Codes (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Code Room Type

SERV : Service Room

SH : Shower

SHOP : Shop

SL : Sluice

SQCT : Squash Court

ST/B : Gas Bottle Store

ST/C : Chemical Store

ST/D : Dry Store

ST/E : Equipment & Tools Store

ST/G : General Supply Store

ST/H : Health Dept Store (Poisons)

ST/K : Kitchen Consumables Store

ST/L : Bulk (Liquor) Store

ST/M : Medical (Drugs) Store

ST/O : Office Supplies Store

ST/P : Pork Products Store

ST/S : Secure Store

ST/T : Edit & Seismic Tape Store

ST/U : UV Shielded Store

STND : Stand & Wait Area

STWL : Stairwell

SWGR : Switchgear Room

TLET : Public Toilet

TRMT : Treatment Room

TV : TV / Video Room

(Contd.)

TableA.4.1: Room Type Codes (contd.)

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Code Room Type

UTIL : Utility Room

VIEW : Viewing Gallery

WAIT : Waiting Room

WARD : Ward

WC : Toilet

WKSP : Workshop

XRAY : X-Ray Room

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Appendix B: Weights of General Building Materials

Building Material kN/m2 kN/m3

Aluminium Roof Sheeting 0.7 mm thick 0.023

Asbestos Cement Sheeting This material shall not be used.

Asphalt – Roofing, 2 layers 19 mm thick 0.41

25 mm thick 0.58

Bitumen, built up felt roofing – 3 layers incl chippings 0.29

Block work (excluding weight of


mortar)

Concrete, solid, Per 25 mm thick 0.54

Concrete, hollow, Per 25 mm thick 0.34

Lightweight, solid, Per 25 mm thick 0.32

Brickwork, (excluding weight of


mortar)

Clay, solid, Per 25 mm thick 0.45

Low density Per 25 mm thick 0.49

Medium density Per 25 mm thick 0.54

High density Per 25 mm thick 0.58

Clay, perforated, Per 25 mm thick

Low density 25% voids 0.38

15% voids 0.42

Medium density 25% voids 0.40

15% voids 0.46

High density 25% voids 0.44

15% voids 0.48

(Contd.)

Appendix B: Weights of General Building Materials (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 126 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Building Material kN/m2 kN/m3

Boards

Cork, compressed, Per 25 mm thick 0.06

Fibre insulating, Per 25 mm thick 0.07

Laminated blockboard, Per 25 mm thick 0.11

Plywood, Per 12.7 mm thick 0.09

Concrete, reinforced, 2% steel 23.55

Glass – Clear float 4 mm 0.09

6 mm 0.14

Glass Fibre

Thermal insulation, Per 25 mm thick 0.005

Acoustic insulation, Per 25 mm thick 0.01

Glazing, Patent 6.3 mm Glass

Lead covered bars at 610 mm 0.29


centres

Aluminium alloy bars at 610 mm 0.19


centres

Plaster 12.5 mm thick 0.22

Gypsum 9.5 mm thick 0.08

Plasterboard Gypsum 12.5 mm thick 0.11

19.0 mm thick 0.17

Roof Boarding

Softwood rough sawn 19 mm thick 0.10

25 mm thick 0.12

32 mm thick 0.14

(Contd.)

Appendix B: Weights of General Building Materials (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Building Material kN/m2 kN/m3

Rendering & Screed

Portland cement: sand, 1:3 mix Per 12.5 mm thick 0.29

Concrete Per 25 mm thick 0.58

Lightweight Per 25 mm thick 0.32

Steel 77.22

Steel Roof Sheeting – (as laid) 0.50 mm thick 0.05

0.70 mm thick 0.07

Tiling, Roof

Clay or concrete, plain, laid to 10 mm gauge 0.62 – 0.7

0.48

Tiling, Floor Finishes

Asphalt 3 mm thick 0.06

Clay 12.5 mm thick 0.27

Cork, compressed 6.5 mm thick 0.025

PVC, flexible 2.0 mm thick 0.035

Timber – Softwoods Pine Spruce 4.72

Douglas Fir 4.72

Redwood 5.50

Pitch pine 6.60

Timber – Hardwood Teak, Oak 7.07

Wood-wool Slabs Per 25 mm thick 0.15

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes


Legend: W = Wall Finish F = Floor Finish C = Ceiling Finish

S = Skirting D = Door G = Windows/ Glazing

Note: For Abbreviations of Building Types & Room Types refer Tables A.3.1 & A4.1 in Appendix A.

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

ABL/1-3 ALL 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 for W1 C3 D9 G5

BATH 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C3/5 D9 G5

BED 1.5 W1 F15 S3 C3 D9 G14

DINE 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G13

DUCT 1.5 W7 F8 S7 C2 D9

ELEC 2.0 W7 F8 S7 C2 D9
ACC/1
ENTR 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9

EXTR 3.0 W3 F6 S8

KTCH 1.5 W1/2 F2 S5 /S4 C3 D9 G14

LNGE 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G13

ST/K 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C2 D9 G6

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

STWL 3.0 W1 F1 S2 C3
ACC/1
WC 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C3/5 D9 G10

BATH 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G5

BED 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G14

DINE 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G6

DUCT 1.5 W7 F8 S7 C2 D9

ELEC 2.0 W7 F8 S7 C2 D9

ACC/2 ENTR 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9

EXTR 3.0 W3 F6 S8

KTCH 1.5 W1/2 F2 S5/S4 C3 D9 G14

LNGE 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G13

ST/K 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C2 D9 G6

STWL 3.0 W3 F8 S7 C3

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 130 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

ACC/2 WC 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C3/5 D9 G10

BATH 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G10

BED 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G7

DINE 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G13

ENTR 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9
ACC/3
EXTR 3.0 W3 F6 S8

KTCH 1.5 W1/2 F2 S5/S4 C3 D9 G14

STWL 3.0 W3 F8 S7 C3

WC 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G5

BATH 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C8 D11

BED 1.5 W1/6 F3 S1 C8 D9 G8

ACC/4 ELEC 2.0 W7 F8 S7 C2 D9

ENTR 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C8 D11

EXTR 3.0 W3 F6 S8

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 131 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

SERV 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D11

SH 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C3 D11

ACC/4 ST/G 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9

STWL 3.0 W3 F8 S7 C3

WC 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C8 D11

ACC/5 BATH 1.5 W2 F4 S4 C8 D11

BED 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C8 D9 G8

ELEC 2.0 W7 F8 S7 C2 D9

EXTR 3.0 W3 F6 S8 C8

KTCH 3.0 W1/2 F3 S5/S4 C3 D9

LNGE 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G13

SERV 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D11

SH 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C3 D11

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

ACC/5 ST/G 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9

WC 1.5 W1/2 F4 S4 C7

AIR/1 ALL 4.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D11

EXTR 4.0 W3 F6 S8

AIR/2 ALL 4.0

ANC/1 & BAKE 3.0 W2/6 F4 S4 C2 D11 G5


ANC/2
CDST 7.5 W2 F11 C2 D3

LDRY 3.0 W2/6 F4 S4 C2 D11 G5

ST/B 7.5 W1 F8 S7 C2 D9

ST/D 7.5 W1 F8 S7 C2 D9

ST/G 5.0 W1 F8 S7 C2 D9

ST/K 7.5 W1 F8 S7 C2 D9

ST/P 5.0 W1 F4 S5 C2 D9

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S5/S4 C8 D9 G5

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

CON/1-3 CTRL 5 W1 F12 C5 D1

EQMT 7.5 W1 F12/8 /S7 C2 D3

BTRY 10 W13 F14 S9 C12 D4

ELE/1 ALL 7.5 W1 F8 S7 C2 D4

EXTR 7.5 W3 F6 S8

ELE/2 100 mm
ALL
Gravel

ELE/3 ALL 7.5 W1 F8 S7 C2 D4

EXTR 7.5 W3 F6 S8

OFF 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G-

WC 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C2 D9 G5

FIR/1 ALL 7.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D11 G-

EXTR 5.0 W3 F6 S8

PARK 7.5 W1 F7 S7 D12

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

FIR/1 WC 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C2 D9 G5

GAR/1 EXTR 20.0 W3 F6 S8

WC 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C2 D9 G5

GAR/2 EXTR 20.0 W3 F6 S8

OFF 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D11 G14

WC 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C2 D9 G5

GAR/3 EXTR 20.0 W3 F6 S8

ST/E 5.0 W7 F8 S7 C1 D8

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C2 D9 G5

GUA/1 ALL 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D11 G9

EXTR 2.0 W3 F6 S8

WC 1.5 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

HOS/1 & BATH 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6


HOS/2
ST/M 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G5

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

EXAM 2.0 W1/6 F3 S1 C3 D9 G5


HOS/1 & OFF 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G5
HOS/2
ST/H 2.0 W1 F7 S7 C3 D9 G5

MORT 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D3

BED 1.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G9

PTRY 3.0 W1/6 F4 S5/S4 C3 D9 G5

RECP 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D2 G-

SL 2.0 W1/6 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

TRMT 2.0 W1/6 F3 S1 C3 D9 G6

WC 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

HOS/3 REDX 2.0 W1/6 F3 S1 C3 D9 G5

WC 1.5 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

KIT/1-3 EXTR 3.5 W3 F6 S8

KTCH 3.0 W1/2 F4 S5/S4 C3 D2 G5

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

LAB/1-3 ALL 3.0 W13 F14 S9 C5 D2 G14

EXTR 3.0 W3 F6 S8

OFF 2.5 W1 F5 S3 C5 D9 G14

MES/1 BAR 5.0 W1 F2 S4 C4 D12 G1

CLNR 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9

CORR 4.0 W1 F5 S4 C5 D1

DINE 4.0 W1 F3 S1 C5 D1 G1

EXTR 4.0 W3 F6 S8

ICE 3.0 W1 F5 S4 C3 D9

KTCH 3.0 W2/9 F2 S4 C3 D11 G5

LNGE 2.0 W1/11 F10 S3 C5 D1 G1

RECP 2.0 W1/11 F3 S1 C3 D1 G1

ST/G 4.0 W1 F8 S7 C3 D9

ST/L 5.0 W1 F2 S4 C3 D12

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

MES/1 SERV 4.0 W12/9 F2 S4 C3 D5

TV 3.0 W1 F10 S3 C3 D3 G1

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

MES/2 & CLNR 2.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9


MES/3
CORR 4.0 W1 F5 S4 C5 D1

DINE 4.0 W1 F3 S1 C5 D1 G1

EXTR 4.0 W3 F6 S8

ICE 3.0 W1 F5 S4 C3 D9

KTCH 3.0 W2/9 F2 S4 C3 D11 G5

LNGE 2.0 W1/11 F10 S3 C5 D1 G1

RECP 2.0 W1/11 F3 S1 C3 D1 G1

ST/G 4.0 W1 F8 S7 C3 D9

SERV 4.0 W12/9 F2 S4 C3 D5

TV 3.0 W1 F10 S3 C3 D3 G1

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

MES/2 &
WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6
MES/3

MOS/1 DOME W5 C2 G7

ENTR 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D12

EXTR 3.0 W3 F6 S8

PRAY 3.0 W1 F10 S3 C3 D12 G3

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G3

MOS/2 PRAY 2.0 W1 F10 S3 C3 D9

CORR 4.0 W1 F3 S1 C4 D1
OFF/1 &
OFF/2
ELEC 3.0 W1 F8 S7 C2 D9

ENTR 4.0 W1 F3 S1 C5 D1

EXTR 4.0 W3 F6 S8

FILE 5.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D11

OFF 2.5 W1 F10 S3 C3 D11 G

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

OFF/1 & ST/O 8.0 W1 F7 S7 C3 D9


OFF/2
WC 2.0 W2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

REC/5 ELEC 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9

PROJ 2.5 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G7

STAND 4.0 W1 F7 S7 C3/5 D9

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

REC/6 EXTR 3.0 W3 F6 S8

SCH/1 To CLRM 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9 G-


SCH/3
CORR 4.0 W1 F3 S1 C3/5 D1

DINE 4.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D1 G-

FILE 5.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9

EXTR 4.0 W3 F6 S8

KTCH 3.0 W1/2 F2 S4 C3 D9 G-

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

SCH/1 To SERV 3.0 W1/2 F2 S4 C3 D3


SCH/3
ST/O 8.0 W1 F8 S7 C3 D3

STWL 4.0 W7 F8 S7 C3

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C5 D9 G6

WKSP 10.0 W1 F8 S7 C2 D1

SHO/1 ALL 7.5 W1 F3 S1 C2 D11 G-

& /2 EXTR 5.0 W3 F6 S8

SPO/1 ELEC 3.0 W1 F3 S1 C3 D9

EXTR 4.0 W3 F6 S8 C3

SQCT 2.0 W4 F9 C3 D12

VIEW 4.0 W1 F8 S7 C8 D11

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

SPO/2 ALL 4.0 W1 F- S2 C- D-

EXTR 4.0 W3 F- S8

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

SPO/2 WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

SPO/3 & ALL 4.0 W1 F- S- C5 D-


SPO/4
EXTR 4.0 W3 F- S8

KTCH 3.0 W1/2 F2 S4 C3 D9 G5

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6

STO/1 To ALL 2.5/m W1 F8/F11 S7 C3/5 D3


STO/2
EXTR 2.5/m W3 F6 S8

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G6/11

STO/5 ST 10/m W1 F11 S1 C2 D3

STO/6 & /7 EXTR 5.0 W3 F6 S8

ST 5/m W1 F4 S4 C2 D3

TEL/1 ALL 5.0 W2 F8 S7 C2 D3

EQMT 5.0 W2 F12 C2 D3

EXTR 5.0 W3 F6 S8

Appendix C: Typical Live Loads & Finishes (contd.)

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Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Live Load Appendix D Appendix E Appendix F Appendix G Appendix H Appendix I


Building Room
kN/m2 Wx Type Fx Type Sx Type Cx Type Dx Type Gx Type

TEL/1 WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G5

TEL/2 ALL 5.0 W1 F7 S7 C2 D3

EXTR 5.0 W3 F- S8

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G5

WOR/1 To CORR 5.0 W1 F8 S7 C3 D3


WOR/4
EXTR 7.5 W3/10 F6 S8

FILE 5.0 W1 F8 S7 C3 D9

OFF 2.5 W1 F1 S2 C3 D11 G5

WKSP 20.0 F-

ST 2.5/m W7 F8 S7 D9

WARE 2.5/m W7 F8 S7 D3

WC 2.0 W1/2 F4 S4 C3 D9 G5

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Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Appendix D: Wall Finishes

Type Description

W1 Internal Render & Emulsion Paint

15mm cement/sand render applied in two coats. Primed with one coat PVA
primer/seal and two coats PVA copolymer based putty filled, rubbed down
with fine sandpaper to completely even surface and painted with two coats of
washable and steam resistant emulsion paint – Vinyl Silk finish. (It should
be noted that while Vinyl Silk finish is specified here this may not be always
the case: sometimes Gloss Oil to Dado is required; or Matt finish; or Gloss
finish all over, etc., if in doubt check with the Company).

W2 Ceramic Wall Tiles

10mm cement/sand render to block work walls applied in two coats. Second
coat keyed with cross hatching and combing to receive 5.5mm thick glazed
ceramic wall tiles of specified size. Tiles fixed and grouted with
manufacturer’s recommended epoxy based adhesive. All adhesives should
be waterproof. Shower grouting should be waterproof and kitchen grouting
should be epoxy to prevent growth of bacteria etc. Tiling full height or to
heights indicated on drawings. All external angles to be formed using round
edged tiles. Round edged tiles to be used at change in wall finish.

W3 Heavy texturised External Paint

Fair faced block work and fair faced in-situ concrete. Cleaned down and
flush pointed. Cement/Sand wash bag rubbed, applied over entire surface
and finished to 4.5mm overall thickness with one coat of PVA Copolymer
emulsion paint. Emulsion paint priming coat and one coat roller applied
heavy texturised external copolymer emulsion paint finish coat. Final
texture by sponge or spatula.

W4 Fibrous Epoxy Plaster

Fair faced block work walls cleaned down and dampened. Finished to
15mm overall thickness with two coats trowel. Fibrous Epoxy Plaster
applied in accordance with manufacturer’s printed instructions. Surface
blemishes sanded down with fine sand paper. For Squash courts the wall
court markings are to be made with polyurethane paint.

W5 Mosque Dome

Rendering with steel float finish. One coat of primer sealer, two coats PVA,
two undercoats and two coats of full gloss.

W6 Ceramic Tile Splash Backs

Splash backs to back and sides of sink/vanity unit to be as specification W2


minimum 3 courses of tiles high x 4 tiles wide unless shown otherwise on
drawings.

Appendix D: Wall Finishes (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 144 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Type Description

W7 Fair Faced Block work

Fair faced block work cleaned down and flush pointed. Cement/sand wash,
bag rubbed applied over entire surface and finished with 1 coat PVA
Primer/sealer and 2 coats washable and steam resistant emulsion.

W8 Epoxy Glazed Finish

Epoxy glazed finish to full height or as shown on Drawings/Instructions.

W9 Corner Guards (Stainless Steel Angle)

Stainless steel angle corner guards 2.0m long to protect all external angles
of walls, including door jambs. Bottom edge level with top of skirting.

W10 Stucco embossed Finish

Composite insulated aluminium cladding panels with 0.55m aluminium


inner skin with white Stucco embossed (or to clients choice) finish.

W11 Veneer Finish

Timber partitions with HW veneer faced ply facing.

W12 Demountable Partition Finish

Demountable galvanised steel framed partitions with plastic coated steel


face. (A great deal of demountable partitions are also made from gypsum
plasterboard covered in vinyl cloth or paper – which can be used as an
alternative).

W13 Acid resistant wall tiles and acid resistant painting

10mm cement/sand render to block work walls applied in two coats. Second
coat keyed with cross hatching and combing to receive 7mm thick acid
resistant ceramic wall tiles of specified size. Tiles fixed and grouted with
manufacturer’s recommended acid resistant epoxy based adhesive. Tiling to
heights indicated on drawings or upto 1500 mm from floor level. All
external angles to be formed using round edged tiles. Round edged tiles to
be used at change in wall finish. Above tiling, the wall surface shall be
painted as indicated in W1 but with silky white acid resistant paint

Note: Refer Appendix C for wall finishes in different buildings and rooms.

SP 1275 Page 145 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Appendix E: Floor Finishes

Type Description

F1 Vinyl Floor Tiles

Size 300m x 300m x 2mm fixed with manufacturer’s recommended


bituminous adhesive to cement/sand screed. Overall thickness of tiles and
screed 50mm.

F2 Clay Floor Quarry Tiles

12.5mm thick shot faced clay floor quarry tiles to specified size (BS 6431
type A). Bedded and jointed in cement/sand mortar (1:4) on cement/sand
floor screed. Overall thickness of tiles and screed 50mm or laid to falls as
required.

F3 Pre cast Terrazzo Tiles

300mm x 300mm x 25mm tiles bedded and joined in cement/sand mortar


to overall thickness of 50mm. Pointed with matching grout, ground to a
high degree of accuracy, polished and sealed on completion with metalized
emulsion polish/sealer to manufacturers recommendation.

F4 Non-slip Ceramic Floor Tiles

9.5mm thick floor tiles to specified size, fixed with manufacturer’s


recommended adhesive to cement/sand screed and pointed with matching
epoxy grout. Overall thickness 50mm or laid to falls as required.
Matching ribbed step tread tiles to be provided across all shower entrances.

F5 Unglazed Ceramic Floor Tiles

9.5mm thick floor tiles to specified size. Fixed as item F4.

F6 PC Interlocking Tiles

To be specified by the client as there are several different varieties in terms


of thickness, sizes, patterns and colours.

F7 Non-slip Granolothic Pavings

50mm minimum thickness granolithic topping applied to matured concrete


slab. Concrete slab surface to be cleaned, hacked and wetted and cement
grout brushed over entire surface before laying of granolithic concrete.
Granolithic concrete to be laid in 15m2 bays and carborundum dust
sprinkled and trowelled into finished surface at a rate of 1.5 kg/m2 while
still ‘Green’. Granolithic toppings to stairs to be laid monolithically on
fresh base concrete within 3 hours and sprinkled with carborundum dust as
above. Where indicated as being to falls maximum thickness to be 70mm.

Appendix E: Floor Finishes (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 146 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Type Description

F8 Hardened & Sealed Granolithic Floor

50mm minimum thickness granolithic topping laid monolithically on


fresh base concrete (within three hours) and finished with case hardening,
dust proofing and oil proofing compound for granolithic floors applied in
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommended instructions. Where
indicated as being to falls maximum thickness to be 70mm. (Note: Where
specified in services cupboard’s or ducts topping can be applied to
matured slabs, not monolithically).

F9 Squash Court Flooring

Proprietary squash court flooring system comprising semi-resilient under


carriage of 50mm x 50mm preservative treated battens at 300mm centres
on rubber pads on steel floated concrete floor slab. Maple or beech 25mm
thick strip flooring tongued and grooved and secretly nailed to battens.
Machine sanded. Court markings applied in polyurethane paint. Entire
surface sealed with matt polyurethane varnish (2 coats). This item is not
tabulated being a one off item.

F10 Carpet Tiles

Size of tiles 600mm x 600mm x 7.3mm. Laid with medium stick latex
anti-slip solution on 50mm cement/sand screed, sealed with anti-dust
compound.

F11 Epoxy Coated Flooring

Two pack high build epoxy coating. Applied onto 50mm cement/sand
screed. Wire brushed to remove laitence and filled with solventless filter.

F12 Raised Access Floor (Pedestal Floor)

Medium grade raised access floor with vinyl infill. To include MS


channel bridging to services trenches. O/A depth 800mm (or as stated)
from finished floor level to structural slab level. Weight capacity to be
determined. Slab to be finished with non-dusting coating (epoxy coating).
It should be noted that if carpet tiles are used then these need to be anti-
static.

F13 Flexible Sheet PVC Gymnasium Flooring

F14 Acid resistant tiles

9 mm thick of specified size acid resistant ceramic floor tiles fixed as per
details specified in F4. All adhesives and pointing/ grouting shall be of
acid resistant material

F15 Fitted Carpets

Note: Refer Appendix C for floor finishes in different buildings and rooms.

SP 1275 Page 147 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Appendix F: Skirting Types

Type Description

S1 Pre cast terrazzo skirting tiles of size 100 mm x 20 mm with chamfered


edges on top and matching with floor tiles.

S2 Vinyl tile with toe ‘sit on’ skirtings (pre-formed corners).

S3 Hardwood matching door architecture, minimum 18m x 100mm of even


grain and colour. Rounded leading edge, PX65 satin wood stain
preservative and ‘Sadotop’ finish.

S4 Coved ceramic tiles with special corners, matching floor tiles.

S5 Wall tiles with right angle butt to floor with 3mm mastic pointed abutment.

S6 Trunking skirting.

S7 Coved Granolithic integral with floor.

S8 Bituminous paint skirting on fair face concrete or block work.

S9 Coved acid resistant ceramic tiles with special corners, matching floor tiles.

Note: Refer Appendix C for skirting in different buildings and rooms.

Dec 2009 Page 148 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Appendix G: Ceilings

Type Description

C1 Smooth fair face concrete.

C2 Emulsion painted smooth fair face concrete.

C3 Brilliant white textured finish on smooth fair face concrete.

C4 Suspended ceiling, 600mm x 600mm exposed grid self finish acoustic


mineral fibre lay in panels.

C5 Suspended ceiling, 600mm x 600mm exposed grid self finish washable


mineral fibre lay in panels.

C6 Softwood ‘T’ and ‘G’ chamfered match boarding with secret fixing and
clear matt finish (all as detailed).

C7 As C6 but hardwood (all as detailed).

C8 Hardwood framing with ‘Glasal’ white enamel faced panels, HW PX65


wood stain perservative and clear gloss finished (all as detailed).

C9 Insulated sandwich construction profiled aluminium with white shade


embossed finish, soffit and coloured polyester externally.

C10 Polyester finished aluminium rib ceiling with or without filler.

C11 Metal lay-in ceiling with exposed grid and bagged sound insulation over.

C12 Acid resistant silky white painted smooth fair face concrete.

Note: 1. Access panels shall be provided and coordinated into ceilings and
allow proper access to equipment over.

2. Refer Appendix C for ceilings in different buildings and rooms.

SP 1275 Page 149 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Appendix H: Door Types

Type Description

D1 Double Door with middle rail and glazed.

D2 Double Door with half glazing only.

D3 Double Door solid core flush door.

D4 Double Door steel faced flush door.

D5 As D1 and HW louvers.

D6 As D4 single door.

D7 Flush door with flush side panel for wide furniture access.

D8 As D7 with HW louvers.

D9 Single flush door.

D10 Full glazed door.

D11 Half glazed door.

D12 By Specialist.

Note: 1. Doors will vary in width to suit the plan, also where required frames
may be storey height and ventilation grilles may be set into the doors.

2. Refer Appendix C for doors in different buildings and rooms.

3. Vision panels in Fire Door should be avoided. If vision panels are


provided, the doors shall be de-rated to 0.5 hrs fire rating.

4.Automatic sliding doors shall either have swing doors adjacent to


them or the doors shall remain open in case of power failure and
emergencies.

Dec 2009 Page 150 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Appendix I: Window Types (Glazing)

Type Description

G1 Low-level fixed lights with high level bottom hung ventilator (1450mm
high, 1250mm wide).

G2 Mid height sliding window fixed light over (1200mm wide).

G3 Side hung to floor fixed light over (400mm wide).

G4 Fixed light to floor (400mm wide).

G5 High level, one fixed, one bottom hung (1600mm wide).

G6 High level, bottom hung (800mm wide).

G7 High level, fixed light (1400mm, 800mm, 400mm wide).

G8 Mid height, 2 fixed lights, 2 bottom hung over (1200mm wide).

G9 Mid height, fixed light with bottom hung over (800mm wide).

G10 Mid height, 2 pane fixed (400mm wide).

G11 Mid height, fixed light (400mm wide).

G12 Mid height, two fixed light (1000mm wide).

G13 Low level, one sliding, one fixed (2000mm wide) patio door.

G14 Mid height, double sliding window (1000mm wide).

Note: Refer Appendix C for window types in different buildings and rooms

SP 1275 Page 151 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Appendix J: Ironmongeries
Table J.1: Ironmongery Pack

Pack A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

100X75 3 knuckle butt hinges s.s. washers


1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5
(pairs)

100x75 Aluminium rising butt rust proof 1.5

Mortise dead lock with escutcheon 1 1 1 1 1

Mortise cylinder lock-latch with release turn 1 1

Mortise latch

5 lever Mortise lock-latch 1

Mortise security dead lock with escutcheon

Bathroom Mortise lock with indicator and


1
extension release

Heavy duty roller latch

Dec 2009 Page 152 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Table J.1: Ironmongery Pack (contd.)

Pack A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

Heavy duty magnetic catch

Toilet indicator bolt extension release and pull lip 1

Back plate to suit lock with shaped levers and


1 1 1 1
fansorite spindle (pair)

150x19 ‘D’ handle with secret fixing 1 1 1

300x19 ‘D’ handle with secret fixing (pair) 2 2 2 2 2 2

Flush 75mm cabinet handle and batch set for


1
Squash Court

Panic latch with external cylinder lock and latch


knob

Overhead door closer with hydraulic check & 90 0


2 1
hold

One way medium duty floor spring (adjustable)


2 1
with 900 hold

Two way medium duty floor spring (adjustable)


2
with 900 hold

(Contd.)

Table J.1: Ironmongery Pack (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 153 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Pack A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

Perko pneumatic closer with check action

Perko spring closer

200mm high kick plates, pair to suit 1 2 1 2 2 1 2

Coat hook – door stop 1

Wall mounted stop or floor stop 1 1 1

2 No. 150 flush lever bolts with anti dirt


2 2 2
sockets

Limit stays

Push plate 1

‘M’ of ‘F’ indicator plate 1

Note: All Cylinder locks to have 5 individual keys, 3 Sub-Master keys per block/ floor, 2 Builders Master key, and 1 Grand Master.

The above list of ironmongeries is only a guideline. Since a variety of products are available in the market, ironmongeries list from approved brand shall
be selected in consultation with client.

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery

Dec 2009 Page 154 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Building Room A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

ACC/1 BATH 

BED 

DINE 

DUCT 

ELEC 

EXTR

KTCH 

LNGE 

ST/K 

ACC/2 BATH 

BED 

DUCT 

ELEC 

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

Building Room A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

SP 1275 Page 155 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

ACC/2 EXTR

ST/K 

ACC/4 BATH 

BED 

ELEC 

EXTR

SERV 

ST/K 

STWL

WC 

ACC/5 BATH 

BED 

ELEC 

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 156 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

ACC/5 EXTR

KTCH

LNGE 

SERV 

ST/K 

WC 

CON/1 - 3 CLNR 

ELE/1 & ALL 


ELE/2
EXTR

ELE/3 ALL 

EXTR

OFF 

WC

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 157 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

GAR/1 EXTR

WC 

GAR/2 EXTR

OFF 

WC 

GAR/3 EXTR

ST/F

WC 

GUA/1 ALL 

EXTR

WC

HOS/1 BATH 

ST/M

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 158 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

HOS/1 EXAM 

OFF 

ST/H 

MORT 

BED 

PTRY 

RECP 

SL 

WC 

TRMT 

HOS/2 REDX 

WC 

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 159 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

KIT/1/2/3 EXTR

KTCH 

LAB/1 & ALL


LAB/2
EXTR

OFF 

MES/1 BAR 

ST/L 

CLNR 

CORR 

DINE 

EXTR 

ICE 

KTCH 

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 160 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

LNGE 

RECP 

SERV 
MES/1
ST/K 

WC 

TV 

MES/2 & CLNR 


MES/3
CORR 

DINE 

EXTR 

ICE 

KTCH 

LNGE 

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 161 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

RECP 

SERV 

MES/2 & ST/K 


MES/3
WC 

TV 

MOS/1 DOME

ENTR 

EXTR

PRAY 

WC 

MOS/2

OFF/1 To CORR 
OFF/3
ELEC 

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 162 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

OFF/1 TO ENTR 
OFF/3
EXTR 

OFF 

ST/G 

WC 

REC/5 ELEC 

PROJ 

STND 

WC 

REC/6 EXTR 

SCH/1 To ALL 
SCH/4
EXTR 

KTCH 

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 163 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

SCH/1 TO SERV 
SCH/4
ST/G 

WC 

WKSP 

SHO/1 & /2 ALL 

EXTR 

SPO/1 ELEC 

EXTR 

SQCT 

WC 

VIEW

SPO/2 ALL 

EXTR 

WC 

(Contd.)

Table J.2: Typical Ironmongery (contd.)

BUILDING ROOM A B C D E F G H J K L M N O

Dec 2009 Page 164 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

SPO/3 & ALL 


SPO/4
KTCH 

EXTR 

WC 

STO/1 & ALL


STO/2
EXTR

WC 

STO/5 & /7 ST/E 

TEL/1 & ALL


TEL/2
EXTR

WC 

WOR/1 To EXTR
WOR/4
OFF 

WARE

SP 1275 Page 165 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria

Room Temp Relative Min Fresh Air Min Air Max Noise Min Illumination
Building Room 0
C Humidity %RH l/s Change Per h Rate NR Lux

Standard (Std) 242 45-60 10/pers - - -

Project Specific * * * * * *

Standard Rooms

BAR Std Std Std 10 40 200

BATH ” ” No 6 40 150

BED ” ” ” No 30 150

BTRY 24 – 30 No ” * 45 150

CANT Std Std Std 8 45 200


ALL
CHRM ” ” ” No 40 150

CLNR No No No ” 45 100

CLRM Std Std Std Std 35 300

CONF ” ” 17/pers 6 35 300

CORR No ” No No 40 150

(Contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 166 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria (contd.)

Room Temp Relative Min Fresh Air Min Air Max Noise Min Illumination
Building Room 0
C Humidity %RH l/s Change Per h Rate NR Lux

Standard (Std) 242 45-60 10/pers - - -

Project Specific * * * * * *

Standard Rooms

CTRL Std Std 10/m 2 No 35 300

DARK ” ” No 6 35 *

DINE ” ” 17/pers 8 40 200

ENTR ” ” No No 40 300

FILE ” ” ” ” 40 300
ALL
GYM ” ” Std ” 40 300

ICE ” ” ” ” 45 150

LBRY ” ” Std 3 35 300

LNGE ” ” Std 4 35 300

OFF1 ” ” ” 4 35 500

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 167 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Room Relative Min Fresh Air Min Air Max Noise Rate Min Illumination
Building Room
Temp 0C Humidity %RH l/s Change Per h NR Lux

Standard (Std) 242 45-60 10/pers - - -

Project Specific * * * * * *

Standard Rooms

OFF2 ” ” ” 4 35 500

OFF3 Std Std Std 4 35 750

PRAY ” ” ” No 35 150

PROJ ” ” No * 35 150

RECP ” ” ” No 40 300

ALL RSNT ” ” Std 8 40 200

SHOP ” ” No No 40 300

SQCT ” ” ” ” 40 500

SERV ” ” ” ” 45 150

SH No No ” 6 45 150

ST/O ” ” ” No 45 150

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 168 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Room Relative Min Fresh Air Min Air Max Noise Rate Min Illumination
Building Room
Temp 0C Humidity %RH l/s Change Per h NR Lux

Standard (Std) 242 45-60 10/pers - - -

Project Specific * * * * * *

Standard Rooms

SWGR 30+5 90 max ” ” 45 150

TLET No No No 6 45 150

TV Std Std Std 6 35 200

ALL UTIL ” ” No No 45 150

VIEW ” ” ” ” 40 150

WAIT ” ” ” ” 40 200

WC No No ” 6 45 150

ACC (ALL) KTCH Std Std No 6 40 300

ANC (ALL) BAKE 24+4 No * * 45 300

CDST 51 ” No No 45 150

(Contd.)

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 169 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Room Relative Min Fresh Air Min Air Max Noise Rate Min Illumination
Building Room
Temp 0C Humidity %RH l/s Change Per h NR Lux

Standard (Std) 242 45-60 10/pers - - -

Project Specific * * * * * *

Standard Rooms

-18 1 ” ” ”
DPFZ 45 150
(depends)

LDRY 24+4 No * * 45 300

ANC (ALL) ST/K Std Std No No 40 150

ST/P ” ” ” ” 40 150

AUX Std Std No No 45 150


CON (ALL)
CTRL ” ” 10/m2 ” 40 300

EXAM Std “ Std No 35 300

MORT ” ” No ” 40 150
HOSP (ALL)
RECP ” ” “ ” 40 300

REDX ” ” Std ” 40 300

(Contd.)

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 170 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Room Relative Min Fresh Air Min Air Max Noise Rate Min Illumination
Building Room
Temp 0C Humidity %RH l/s Change Per h NR Lux

Standard (Std) 242 45-60 10/pers - - -

Project Specific * * * * * *

Standard Rooms

ST/M ” ” No ” 40 150

TRMT ” ” ” ” 35 300
HOSP (ALL)
WARD Std Std Std ” 35

XRAY ” ” ” ” 35 200

KTCH 24+4 90 max 80% 20 40 500

PTRY Std Std No No 40 150


KIT (ALL)
PREP ” ” ” 10 40 500

ST/K ” ” ” No 45 150

CORR Std Std No No 40 150

LAB (ALL) LABO ” ” FC capacity * 40 500

LABW ” ” FC capacity * 40 500

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 171 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Room Relative Min Fresh Air Min Air Max Noise Rate Min Illumination
Building Room
Temp 0C Humidity %RH l/s Change Per h NR Lux

Standard (Std) 242 45-60 10/pers - - -

Project Specific * * * * * *

Standard Rooms

ST/B ” ” * * 45 150
LAB (ALL)
ST/F ” ” * * 40 500

REC1 Std Std 17/pers No 40 *

REC2 ” ” 17/pers ” 40 500


MES (ALL)
ST/E ” ” No ” 40 150

ST/L ” ” ” ” 40 150

SCHO (ALL) KTCH Std Std No 6 40 300

ST/B No No * * 45 150
STO (ALL)
ST/C * Std No * 40 150

ST/F Std ” ” * 40 150


WAH (ALL)
ST/H ” ” ” * 40 150

(Contd.)

Appendix K: Internal Environment Design Criteria (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 172 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Room Relative Min Fresh Air Min Air Max Noise Rate Min Illumination
Building Room
Temp 0C Humidity %RH l/s Change Per h NR Lux

Standard (Std) 242 45-60 10/pers - - -

Project Specific * * * * * *

Standard Rooms

ST/M Std Std No 6 40 150

WAH (ALL) ST/T 221 502 ” No 40 300

ST/U Std Std No ” 40 150

WOR/1 WKSP Std Std Std No 40 300

WOR/2 WKSP No No No No 45 200

WOR/3 WKSP Std Std Std No 40 300

WOR/4 WKSP No No No 6 45 200

WOR/5 & /6 WKSP No No No No 45 200

Note: * = Project Specific Requirements

SP 1275 Page 173 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Appendix L: Electrical Requirements


Table L.1: Legend for Electrical Requirements

Ref No Service Legend

E1 POWER OUTLET Qty Y = qty as rqd

E2 SHAVER OUTLET qty

E3 HAND DRYER qty

Y = qty as rqd

E4 LIGHTING BLD = external

ROOM = internal

A = automatic
E5 FIRE ALARM
M = manual

E6 EMERGENCY LIGHTING Y = qty as rqd

E7 NURSE CALL Y = qty as rqd

E8 TELEPHONE OUTLET Qty

E9 TELEVISION OUTLET Qty

E10 AIR-CONDITIONED Y = qty as rqd

E11 MECH VENTILATION Y = qty as rqd

E12 WATER HEATER Qty Y = qty as rqd

E13 DRINKING WATER COOLER Qty Y = qty as rqd

E14 COOKER Qty Y = qty as rqd

E15 REFRIGERATOR Qty Y = qty as rqd

E16 INSECTOCUTOR Qty Y = qty as rqd

Note: * = Means Special Application in the following pages under table 38

+ = Means requirement to be assessed in the following pages under table 38

Dec 2009 Page 174 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Table L.2: Electrical Requirements Schedule

BUILDING ROOM E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

Standard Rooms

BAR Y Y M Y 1 Y Y Y Y

BTRY Y A Y * Y

CANT Y Y A Y Y Y Y Y Y

CHRM Y Y Y Y

CLNR Y Y Y

CLRM Y Y Y

ALL CONF Y Y A Y Y Y Y

CORR Y Y A Y Y

CTRL Y Y A Y Y Y

DARK Y Y Y Y

DINE Y Y A Y Y Y Y

ENTR Y Y A

FILE Y Y Y

SP 1275 Page 175 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

Table L.2: Electrical Requirements Schedule (contd.)

BUILDING ROOM E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

GYM Y Y A Y Y

ICE Y Y Y

LBRY Y Y Y Y Y Y

LDRY Y Y M Y Y Y Y

LNGE Y Y A Y Y Y Y 1

OFF1 4 Y 1 1

OFF2 4 Y 2 1

ALL OFF3 Y Y Y Y Y

PRAY Y Y Y

PROJ Y Y Y Y Y

RECP Y Y A Y Y Y 1

RSNT Y Y M Y 1 Y Y Y

SHOP Y Y 1 Y 1

SQCT Y Y 1 Y 1

SERV Y Y Y

(Contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 176 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Table L.2: Electrical Requirements Schedule

BUILDING ROOM E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

SH Y Y

ST/O Y Y A Y

TLET Y Y Y Y Y

TV Y Y Y Y Y
ALL
UTIL Y Y A Y Y

VIEW Y Y

WAIT Y Y Y

WC Y Y

ABL BLDG Y Y Y

BLDG Y A Y

BATH 1 Y Y
ACC/1 &
ACC/2
BED 4 Y 1 1 Y

KTCH Y Y Y Y Y 1

(Contd.)

Table L.2: Electrical Requirements Schedule (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 177 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

BUILDING ROOM E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

BLDG Y A Y Y

ACC/3 BATH Y Y Y

BED 1 Y 1 1 1 1

BLDG Y A Y Y
ACC/4 & /5
BED 1 1 Y 2 1 1 1

AIR/1 BLDG Y Y A Y Y 1 Y Y Y

BLDG Y A Y

BAKE Y Y Y Y Y Y

CDST Y Y + Y +

ANC (ALL) DPFZ Y Y + Y +

LDRY Y Y Y Y

ST/K Y Y Y

ST/P Y Y Y +

(Contd.)

Table L.2: Electrical Requirements Schedule (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 178 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

BUILDING ROOM E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

BLDG Y A Y

CON (ALL) AUX Y Y Y Y Y

CTRL Y Y Y Y Y Y

ELE (ALL) BLDG Y Y A Y Y Y Y

EXP BLDG Y * + +

FIR (ALL) BLDG Y Y A Y Y Y

GAR (ALL) BLDG Y Y M + +

GUA/1 BLDG Y Y 1 Y

BLDG Y A Y Y Y Y

BATH Y 1 Y

EXAM 2 Y A Y 1 1 1
HOS (ALL)
MORT 2 Y 1 Y +

RECP 2 Y A Y Y 1 Y 1

REDX Y Y 1 Y

(Contd.)

Table L.2: Electrical Requirements Schedule (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 179 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

BUILDING ROOM E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

ST/M 1 Y A Y Y

TRMT Y Y A Y 1 Y

HOS/ALL WARD Y Y A Y Y 1 1 Y

WC Y 1 Y

XRAY Y Y 1 Y

BLDG Y M Y

KTCH Y Y Y Y Y + Y + Y

KIT (ALL) PTRY Y Y Y

PREP Y Y Y Y Y Y

ST/K Y Y

BLDG Y A Y

CORR Y Y Y Y
LAB (ALL)
LABO Y Y Y Y Y +

LABW Y Y Y Y Y +

(Contd.)

Table L.2: Electrical Requirements Schedule (contd.)

Dec 2009 Page 180 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

BUILDING ROOM E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

ST/B Y +
LAB (ALL)
ST/C Y Y Y Y

BLDG Y A Y

REC Y Y Y Y
MES (ALL)
ST/E Y Y

ST/L Y Y

REC/1 to 4 BLDG Y Y M Y Y

REC/5 BLDG Y Y M Y Y

REC/7 AREA Y

ROS AREA Y

SCH/1 to 3 BLDG Y Y A Y Y Y

SHO/1 BLDG Y M Y

SHO/2 BLDG Y Y M Y Y

SPO/1 to 3 BLDG Y A Y

SPO/5 AREA Y

(Contd.)

Table L.2: Electrical Requirements Schedule (contd.)

SP 1275 Page 181 Dec 2009


Version 2.0 Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works

BUILDING ROOM E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 E13 E14 E15 E16

SPO/6 BLDG Y A Y Y Y Y

SPO/7 AREA Y

STO/1 BLDG Y A

STO/2 BLDG Y A

STO/3 BLDG Y A

STO/4 BLDG Y A

STO/5 to 7 BLDG Y A

STO/8 AREA Y

TEL (ALL) BLDG Y Y M Y Y Y Y Y Y

WAH/1 & 2 BLDG Y Y A Y + +

WAH/3 & 4 BLDG Y Y A Y + +

WOR (ALL) BLDG Y Y M Y Y + Y Y

Dec 2009 Page 182 SP 1275


Specification and Criteria for Design of Civil & Building Works Version 2.0

Appendix M: CP User - Comment Form

CP User-Comment Form

If you find something that is incorrect, ambiguous or could be better in this CP, write your
comments and suggestions on this form. Send the form to the Document Control Section (DCS).
They make a record of your comment and send the form to the correct CFDH. The form has
spaces for your personal details. This lets DCS or the CFDH ask you about your comments and
tell you about the decision.

CP Details Title Issue Date:

Number:

Page number: Heading Number: Figure Number:

Comments:

Suggestions:

User’s personal details

Name: Ref. Ind: Signature: Date:

Phone:

Document Control Section Actions

Comment Number: Dates CFDH

Recd: To CFDH: Ref. Ind:

CFDH Actions

Recd Date: Decision: Inits: Ref. Date:


Ind:
Reject:

Accept, revise at next issue:

Accept, issue temporary


amendment

Comments:

Originator Date: Intls: Document Control Date: Intls:


Advised: Section Advised:

SP 1275 Page 183 Dec 2009

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