Orillaneda, Qian Xi T.

AB IS
ArtAp 10- A
Chapter 2 Questions:
1. List down three areas where art, society and history interact?
- First is society has also kept the memory of arts past alive. We humans may
completely forget what art is or arts, the society still has it, we can look back
anytime we want and appreciate it. Second is a knowledge about the past enhances
understanding, leading to appreciation. Art history tells us about the traditions of
art. It is useful for interpreting works of the past or of cultures other than our own.
Lastly, history shows that art has a past full of innovation and experimentation. Art
has challenged society to break out of habitual modes of sensing, thinking, feeling,
and acting.
2. When did our modern idea about an artist arise?
- It began during the American colonial era when American teachers, missionaries,
soldiers, and civil servants started spending summer in Baguio City.
3. What role did artists have in ethnic communities?
- The role of the artist was, males know how to carve, build houses, or do carpentry
jobs. Females weave baskets, and form and bake terra-cotta pots using a paddle and
an anvil.
4. What major change in art patronage happen during the 17th century?
- During the Renaissance and Baroque eras, the independent workshop emerged.
With the French Revolution, the institution of monarchy suffered. Liberal ideas,
catalyzed by the French Enlightenment, spread throughout Europe and questioned
the hereditary power and position of the king and the royal family. As a monarchy
declined, a new leadership emerged in the entrepreneur.
5. When did the distinction between art and crafts occur?
- It occurred after the middle ages. Art is innovative, original, and inventive. Art
breaks new ground. Art is more often one of a kind. Craft, while involving the
elements of art is not original. Craft copies, has no new concept and is repetitious. It
may even be made by mechanical means such as carving machines that can make
many copies of a wooden piece at the same time.

Chapter 3 questions:
1. What are the elements of the visual arts? Define each one.
- Line- most basic element. Line may be two-or-three-dimensional, actual lines,
implied lines, and perspectival line.
- Color- is a phenomenon that humans perceive usually. Has three properties: hue,
value, and intensity. Hue is the name of the color. Value is the lightness or darkness
and Intensity is the quality of brightness and purity.
- Color wheel- a device used to understand the relationship among colors. It is divided
into segments usually, three, six, or twelve.
- Texture and Pattern- an element of art that refers to the way things feel or look as
of they might feel if touched. Texture may be actual or tactile.
- Shape and Volume- shape is a two-dimensional work while volume refers to a three-
dimensional work.
Orillaneda, Qian Xi T.
AB IS
ArtAp 10- A

2. What are the principles of composition for the visual arts?

- Balance- is the sense that the painting or art “feels right” and not heavier on one
side. Having symmetrical arrangement adds a sense of calm, whereas an
asymmetrical arrangement creates a more dynamic feeling.
- Rhythm- refers to recurring motifs and designs separated by intervals. A piece of art
can have a rhythm or underlying beads that leads your eye to view the artwork at a
certain place.
- Proportion and Scale- how things fit together and relate to each other in terms of
size and scale; whether big or small, nearby or distant.
- Unity and Variety- unity gives coherence to a work or makes all the elements stick
together.
3. Cite examples of the “minor” visual art forms.
- Handwoven carpets of the Middle east, ceramics, tapestry and all types of weaving,
furniture-making, goldsmithing and silversmithing, jewelry-making, textile designing,
and fashion designing are examples of minor visual art forms.
4. What is the 19th century concept of history?
- The concept of history in the 19th century was to strive for an even better and more
comfortable lifestyle opened by the Industrial Revolution.
5. When did human civilization appear? And where?
- The first human civilization was believed to appear along two rivers; the Tigris and
Euphrates in the Middle East., in the countries Iran and Iraq and Africa.

Chapter 4 Questions:
1. What are the elements of architecture? Describe them.
- Light- light creates areas of chiaroscuro which give life to a surface. Light comes
primarily from the sun, but artificial illumination is also used especially at night.
- Color- most obvious elements of design. It can stand alone, as background, or be
applied to other elements.
- Space, Shape and Volume-
2. What is green architecture? How are buildings certified “green”?
- Green architecture is an approach to building that minimizes harmful effects on
human health and the environment. The “green” architect attempts to safeguard
air, water, and earth by choosing eco-friendly building materials. Green roofs and
vertical gardens are built.
3. What are some Philippine architectural forms? Describe them.
- Private spaces like Vernacular, Apartment, Condominium.
- Public spaces like Government Buildings and Infrastructure, Religious places,
Commerce and Industry, Recreational, Medical, Educational Buildings.
4. Why is Greek pottery helpful in reconstructing the ancient past?
- For the Greeks, vases were mostly functional objects made to be used, not just
admired. They used ceramic vessels in every aspect of their daily lives; for storage,
carrying, mixing, serving, and drinking.
Orillaneda, Qian Xi T.
AB IS
ArtAp 10- A
5. Cite examples of important Greek buildings.
- Temple of Hera located in the west coast of Italy, is the location of Tomb of the
Diver, one of the oldest surviving wall paintings.
- The ruins of the Erechtheum is located on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece.
- Ruins of palaestra or gymnasium which was a palace for young males to gather in
Olympia, Greece.
- Temple of Athena found also at the Acropolis in Athens, Greece has a four column or
tetrastyle for small temples.
- The Aqueduct of Segovia found in Spain
- Temple of Artemis in Jerash, Jordan named after the goddess of dusk and hunt
Artemis.