CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

This project of Library Management System give us the complete information about the

library. We can enter the record of new books and Retrieve the details of books available in the

library. We can issue the books to the students and maintain their record and can also check how

many books are issued and stock available in the library. In this project we can maintain the late

fine of students who returns the issued books after the due date. And this project is very useful for

those who want to know about Library Management System. And using a Library System can help

a library to improve a searching through records just to verify a data or information who borrowed

the books. A manual type of Library System is very costly, time consuming and a hard task. But

it will be improved with the fast phased of technology contributed in making a new Library

Management System, Automated Library Management System helped the academic greatly.

Putting records, Borrowing books and Managing a library can be fast and easy access.

Background of the Study

In today’s society needs the Library Management System, it is a software for monitoring

and controlling the returning, adding transactions in the library. This system is a good way for

observing and maintaining the students’ record well. The Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales

is located at Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila and it has a library that we could use as our tool for

Library Management System. The librarian of the school faces many struggles using the manual

system that they currently use in daily transactions.

 Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales was established through the initiatives of Senate

President Neptali A. Gonzales Sr. and Mayor Benjamin S. Abalos Sr. in February 6, 1997. They

created this school to help constituent of the nearby barangays to attain an accessible secondary

education which could help to alleviate poverty. On July 26, 1999, the school was renamed as

Mandaluyong High School East under R.A. 8769. In 2000, the school gained its independence and

was again renamed as Mandaluyong East High School. On January 30, 2002, in honor of the

founder of the school, the Mandaluyong City Council through Resolution No. 835 s. 2002, the

schools’ name was changed to Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales, a name which it still

carries up to this day. At present, the school has 136 faculty staff and 36 non-teaching personnel

which include a guidance counselor, school nurse, school dentist, four clerks, an acting supply

officer, a librarian, bookkeeper, disbursing officer, 6 utility workers and 14 school guards.

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

A computer
generated
User Interaction
library system
between the
----------------- that is
user and the
efficient, fast
Records Library
paced and
System
List of books accessible to
students and
the school
librarian

Figure 0.1 INPUT- PROCESS- OUTPUT

Input

Inputs are the data, which are initially entered to be able to know and address the system

properly.

Process

This pertains to evaluate the performance and functionality of the library system. Its

purpose is to allow the user to apply, record, navigate and use the program. This will determine

how the user can adapt to the improved library system.

To be able to observe process, this is the steps on how to navigate, and how to use the

system. The process will always involve the navigation of the main functionality of the system as

well as what is going to be the feedback to the user of the program.

Output

Output deals with the result of the inputs and process, this is the evaluation of the main

functionality of the user is browsing on. This will provide feedbacks and outcomes to be able to

evaluate the input of the user and the effectiveness of the library system to users.

Statement of the Problem

The researchers want to assess the effectiveness of the Library Management System at

Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales High School.

1. What are the requirements?

1.1 Knowledge Requirements

a. Records

b. List of books
 1.2 Software Requirements

a. Windows

b. MS Access

c. Oracle

d. V.B Net

1.3 Hardware Requirements

a. Computer

b. Mouse

c. Monitor

d. System Unit

2. How beneficial is the Library Management System in tracking down list of borrowed

books?

3. How can the Library Management System solve for the occurring problem of the school

library?

3.1 Unreturned Books

3.2 Update Inventory Count

3.3 Locating Books Reference

Scope & Limitation of the Study

Scope

 Viewing of Books - It can view a list and total of books inside the library.

 Input Records - The Librarian can add more books in the list.

 Student Records - It can record an information about a student when he/ she

borrowed/ returned the book and student’s time record for the use of library.
  Book Features -It can feature a books information and synopsis easily.

 Friendly System – This system is available to everyone who wants to use the

library.

Limitation

 This system cannot be implemented in mobile phones or smartphones.

 It is a software created for pc based system.

General Objective

To propose a Library Management System for the Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A.

Gonzales in order to increase the efficiency of the process of searching, logging in, borrowing and

returning the books to the library.

Specific Objective

The following are the objectives of the proponents why they are they going to develop the

Computer based Library Management System.

1. Develop a computer system that reliable to common users.

2. Create a system for fast searching of specific book titles, author and book description

3. Create an easy operating system for the librarian

4. Develop a system that shows the availability of books that students can borrow

5. Easy inventory and records.

6. For efficient tracking of borrowed, unreturned and returned books

Significance of the Study

This study designed to be efficient and more helpful in the library transactions. It will changed

the problems that you encountered in the manual system that includes the staffs and the equipment

in the library.

For Students - can easily know if the books they’re searching in the school library is available

and they can have a lesser time to search where it is located in library book shelves. Librarian can

lessen their paper works regarding to the manual system of library management.

For School - the Library Management System can provide good quality in the school in a

modern way. This also serve as a reference for students in terms of improving a Library System

using computer generated.

For the Proponents – this allows giving the proponents deep knowledge about research, and

about the overall functionality of the program which is the computer based library management

system,

For Future Researchers - can use this study for added information about library management

that can support their future researches.

Definition of Terms

1. Alleviate – An action to lessen the problem. This action is to solve the problem of the

library system in Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales.

2. Assess – This is to evaluate the ability of the system. This is use to see what are the

capabilities of the computer based library management system in Mataas na Paaralang

Neptali A. Gonzales.

3. Efficiency – To see the effectiveness of the system to the users of the library in school.

4. Manual – An action working with the use of hands. The library system at the Mataas na

Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales uses the traditional system which is done manually- the

recording of books, the records of the students, the records of borrowed/ returned books,

and also time consuming.

5. Reference – the use of a source of information in order to ascertain something. The

reserchers gather information to come up with this kind of library system.

6. Software – The programs and other operating information used by a computer. A set of

instructions and its associated documentations that tells a computer what to do or how to

perform a task. Our system is both an application and an operating system.

 Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES.

Foreign Literature.
Hermon and Rossiter (2006) studied the emotional intelligence concepts that are relevant to

university library directors: Their research involved two different activities for gathering

information: They analyzed all of the job advertisement for library directors in college & Research

libraries news from 2000 to 2004 and looked for any mention of leadership skills, Sager’s (2001)

writings on identifying the skills and attributes needed in library administration derive from his

work as a library executive recruiter. He has conversed with many library administrator, board

members and trustees, search commities, and job candidates and proposes that successful

managers need not only the traditional skills that have defined a library manager’s role, but also

many newer skill as well. Powell, and Young (2003) conducted research in academic and public

libraries to assess the qualities that library directors discusess in the great detail the leadership

qualities and styles, managerial qualities, personal qualities, and knowledge areas that are

desirables for a library director In either a public or academic setting.

Mullins and Linehan (2006) provided a public library context for leadership and management

in their stud of thirty public library managers in Ireland, Britain, and the United States their focus

on whether or not these managers understand and utilize the differing concepts of leadership and

management. According to their findings, eighty percent of the management over leadership skills

to accomplish their work. Public librarians who exhibit an aptitude for leadership. Powell, and

Young (2003) conducted research in academic and public libraries to assess the qualities that

library directors discusess in the great detail the leadership qualities ang styles, managerial
qualities, personal qualities, and knowledge areas that are desirables for a library director In either

a public or academic setting.

Howzer and Moore (2003) did a field test of “a multilingual glossary of terms related to the use

of library-based technology with 153 students for whom English was not their native language

“Degrees of knowledge ranged from not understanding enough English to know what a term meant

to the degrees of being able to explain it to others. The majority of students believed that such a

glossary would be helpful when using the library as well as other library materials presented in

translation. Roberts (1987) Cultural differences can also have an adverse effect on international

students ability to ability to develop their information literacy skills in North America. Foreign for

whom English is a second language often will have not only comprehension problems, but also

cultural systems that hinder use of American libraries. This is especially true for those whose

primary language and culture is non-Western and doesn’t include concepts we take for granted.

Mary W. Ghikas (1989) in her paper managing academic libraries in the 21st century has

commented that collection development in the year 2000 will be characterized by virtual

collections where the location, the delivery and channel will be pre identified Few articles have

been identified on collection development models. The following paragraphs describe the

innovative models framed for the purpose of effective collective management in academic

libraries. S.D. Creth (1991) suggested a model for collection development that has a primary

administrator combined with teams of librarians from all sections of the library who have the

appropriate subject knowledge to accept collection management responsibilities. Decisions

support system is a powerful tool for collection management. Libraries have to adopt decision

support systems for task performance, monitor the results of innovation identify problems and

oppurtunities, evaluate alternative options and conduct strategic planning.

 Busha and Harter(1980) “a literature search is an attempt to identify, locate and synthesize

completed research reports, articles, books and other materials about the specific problems of a

research topic. The research literature and subsequent review can be of value to researchers by

helping them to regard their studies as contributions to a large topic of which the inquiry at hand

is only a part.” Defending the views of Busha and Harter the literature search was conducted on

the broader area, collection management, changing trend in university library collections, its

impact on collection development policies, archiving, licensing agreements and digitization. Many

studies have been conducted worldwide on the changing scenario of collection management due

to the impact of information and communication technology. They have examined the process of

collection management in addition to its specific elements and identified factors with broad

implications in the new information environment. While examining and analyzing the status of

research in collection management various sources have been identified, which serve as an

invaluable and practical guidelines for collection management.

Charleston Conference by MC Clure (1996) there are many factors that affect the collection

development model. In the key suggested that there are six models of Internet based collection

development. These models would be suitable for a particular library depending on the library’s

information infrastructure, skills available among the staff, costs involved, methods of access

within and outside the library, licensing and copy right issues. His intention is to link the major

functions of collection management with collaborative collections, vendor supplied collections

and integrate internet resources into the online public catalogue by creating hot links to the

resources in URL address. The functional model has the advantage of improved communication

and coordination among librarians with similar responsibilities. The main difficulty of this model is in

coordinating collection activities across a large library with many geographic or client based units.
Balancing needs and goals is a challenge. Drucker (1974) analyzed the great strength of the functional

model applied to libraries lies on the stability, clarity and high degree of economy. Creth (1989) describes

a model that helps the library staff to benefit from different views and new information generated from

relevant subject expertise.

Kenseler (1996) despite a wide variety of institutional environments and management styles,

collection development would be more fruitful in fulfilling their responsibility by taking the

support from their central administration. This opinion was supported by Robert who said that

strong support from the central library administration provides the best environment for maximum

utility among their staff. This approach forms a well-coordinated collection development program.

The literature study indicates that these models are like simplifications of the real practices.

Libraries benefit from adopting the unique model that suit their environment in which they operate.

Connie Mc Carthy (1996) puts it in a more fitting manner. He stated that “the character of the

library’s services and operations will change in the electronic age, not all future libraries will be

identical in scope, structure and service. Some will be founded to retain their national, traditional

resources and remain relatively unchanged in continuing to focus on the acquisition of

comprehensive collections. At the opposite end of the spectrum some will dedicate most of their

efforts and funds to provide electronic access to information resources. Marcum(2000) has

underlined the following changes due to introduction of electronic resources in libraries. Some of

the noteworthy changes are change in the form of acquisition, organization and retrieval of

information from the library, change in the relationship between an institution’s library and its

information technology division, change in the way collections are acquired, stored, organized and

delivered. Finally changes have taken place in the design of library buildings and facilities

provided.
 Simmonds(2001) also highlights the role of electronic information resources on collection

management in academic libraries. He says that the advent of electronic information resources

created new methods of document delivery and access to information. With the application of

internet and the use of new information technologies the range of services provided by academic

libraries increased dramatically. He also stressed that users can access the libraries resources

without stepping into the library building. Further they can also access other library resources like

online catalogues and freely available databases. On the other hand Goehner(1992) compares the

costs involved in the acquisition of printed document and their counterpart in electronic format.

He says 52 that it costs heavily in the initial stages to install the hardware and software to take full

advantage of electronic resources. Later in the long run the benefits of these resources would be

more effective
Synthesis of Review of Related Literature

Foreign Literature

hermon and rossiter have studied emotional intelligence for university library directors when they

hold a library and they run the library properly. They analyzed all of the job advertisement for

library directors in college & Research libraries news from 2000 to 2004 and looked for any

mention of leadership skills. Provided a public library context for leadership and management in

their stud of thirty public library managers in Ireland, Britain, and the United States their focus on

whether or not these managers understand and utilize the differing concepts of leadership and

management. According to their findings, eighty percent of the management over leadership skills

to accomplish their work. Discusses in the great detail the leadership qualities and styles,

managerial qualities, personal qualities, and knowledge areas that are desirables for a library

director in either a public or academic setting.

A multilingual glossary of terms related to the use of library-based technology with 153 students

for whom English was not their native language “Degrees of knowledge ranged from not

understanding enough English to know what a term meant to the degrees of being able to explain

it to others. The majority of students believed that such a glossary would be helpful when using

the library as well as other library materials presented in translation

in her paper managing academic libraries in the 21st century has commented that collection

development in the year 2000 will be characterized by virtual collections where the location, the

delivery and channel will be pre identified Few articles have been identified on collection

development models. The following paragraphs describe the innovative models framed for the

purpose of effective collective management in academic libraries

Local Literature.

Romero (1893) and was briefly replaced by Tomas Torres of the Escuela de Artes y Oficios

in bacoloer, Pampanga (now the Don Honorio Ventura College of Arts and Trades), who in turn

was replaced by Don Pedro A. Paterno on March 31, 1894. By that time, the library had moved

to as site in Quiapo near the present site of the masjid Al-Dahab. Later on, Paterno published the

firtst issue of the bolentindelMuseo-Bibliotecade Filipinas (Bulletin of the museum – Library of

the Philippines) on January 15, 1895 The Museo-Biblioteca was abolished upon the onset of the

amercia colonization of the Philippines.Benito Perdiguero (1891) as director and archivist-

librarianat the Casa dela monedain Intramuros,then home of the Philippines Mint, with around

100 volumes and with both Julian romero and Benito Perdiguero. Lopez (2002) university of the

Philippines Mindanao when UP in Mindanao accepted Its first batch of students in 1996, the

Main Library collection was integrated with the core collectionof the school of management

(SOM) library at the stanfilco Bldg, Ladis lawa avenue Buhangin, Davao City, The Filipina and

General references were housed together with the college of arts and science (CAS) collection in

room 2 of the Philippine Coconut Authority.

Lou (1968), a survey on the computer application in 223 libraries in Metro Manila. The

study revealed that they prioritize the three library functions to be computerized as cataloging,

indexing and circulation. However, the plans for automation for the libraries cannot be

implemented due to financial incapability of the libraries, and the lack of funds from the

government. Medina (1977) enumerated the general categories of materials that can be best used

for local history research. These are library materials, artifacts or museum objects, and archival

materials, and they usually can be found in a local studies center. Foronda (1972) then

recognized that establishing these centers has significant contribution to the study of local
history. Aside from local history, cultural heritage continues to be a concern. In the Philippines,

where culture changes from one island to another and is very diverse, cultural heritage is given

importance through Republic Act 9470, National Archives of the Philippines Act of 2007, which

states that: It is the policy of the State to conserve, promote and popularize the nation‟s historical

and cultural heritage resources. The State shall pursue, conserve and promote the Filipino

cultural heritage and resources including the documentary records of Filipino culture, history and

governance (Art. I, Sec. 2)

D.Lourdes (2012) from the article entitled “The DOST-ESEP Libraries: The First

Library Network in The Philippines” the planning of this system are way back year 1995 but its

difficult to implement in during those time so it took long time to be able to release it on the public.

There are some universities that quickly get the partnership since it was started in 2012. It means

networking is also a major key on collaborating inside the library. Therefore this type of system is

exactly a big help on the state of the Philippine libraries. It can make our library a world class and

can compete on other country’s libraries. Q.J.Pastrana (2013) from the study entitled “Library

System with web android based OPAC” technology is a big factor to keep the students keep going

to the library. So the author thinks that android devices can use to attract the students on going to

the libraries. In terms of their device they can easily search or monitor the books inside the library.

Whether the books that they want to borrow are on the borrowed section or it is still available. So

on this situation the students will have more fun on this new library system. Therefore the author

use what is the trending device to make students come to the libraries because their task on

searching books inside the library become easier and faster.

 Deddens (2002) Librarians have recognized and supported, long before the dawn of

computers, the need for standards to aid in collection management, share resources with other

libraries, and improve access for library patrons. The widespread use of Integrated Library Systems

(ILS), global communications via the Internet, and growing numbers of digital library initiatives

have made the need for compliance with standards more critical than ever. Implementing

information products and systems that support standards can ensure that libraries will be able to

integrate electronic content products from multiple vendors; resource share on a wider geographic

scale, even globally; • participate in more cooperative programs with other organizations,

including ones outside the library community; • speed up the “time to market” of library materials,

i.e. the time to acquire, catalog, process, and circulate an item; • provide remote access to library

services. Hodgson (2002) currently, integration of library bibliographic systems and metadata

encoding / searching is in the embryonic stage. Often, libraries use systems from multiple vendors

to address both traditional and digital library system implementations. This results in the traditional

library catalog and the digital library being totally separate with perhaps a low level of integration

by providing a link within the MARC record that will take the user to the corresponding fulltext

or image. This situation is changing, but varies significantly from one system to another in what

is supported, how it is implemented, and how transparently the two types of data are accessible.

The RFP Writer’s Guide to Standards for Library Systems (Hodgson, 2002) According to Walter

Nelson of RAND Corporation, in the previous years that Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC)

is not yet present, “Your customers must go to the information, and the information does not go to

the customer”. The Future of the Integrated Library System?

Synthesis of Review of Related Literature
Local Literature

Surveys 223 libraries in metro manila to learn how quickly the maintenance of libraries if

there is a loss of study survey prioritize the three libraries to be computerized as cataloging and

studying is relatively inadequate for financial mapping the ruins of 3 libraries

One of the oldest college arts and trades named after Don Pedro A. Paterno on march 31, 1894 at

the time and that year moved to the the a arts and trades library in quiapo near the current site of

the Al- Dahab mosque later on, Paterno published the first issue of the boledtindel Museo-

bibliotecade Filipinas (Bulletin of the museum – Library of the Philippines) on January 15, 1985

The DOST-ESEP Libraries: The First Library Network in The Philippines” the planning of this

system are way back year 1995 but it’s difficult to implement in during those time so it took long

time to be able to release it on the public. There are some universities that quickly get the

partnership since it was started in 2012. It means networking is also a major key on collaborating

inside the library. Therefore this type of system is exactly a big help on the state of the Philippine

libraries. It can make our library a world class and can compete on other country’s libraries.
Review of Related Studies
Foreign Studies

According to tjfsu.edu.com In October of 1997, TFSU’s library was moved to a new 6-storey

building, totaling 4,642 square meters. The first floor is an open hall for casual reading. In October

1998, an integrated documentation computer management system was put into use, achieving

computerized management of procurement cataloging, collection, distribution, and readers’

inquiries. At the same time, four reading rooms (i.e. one for newspaper and periodicals, students ‘

reference books, and for reference services, with a total seating capacity of more than 460) and

three loaning desks, the first and second floor deal with Chinese books, while the one on the fourth

floor deals with foreign language books. The open – shelves loan system is adopted throughout

the library

In order to keep pace with the construction of digital libraries in college and universities,

TSFU Replaced its book management system in 2003 with a Unicorn Consortia Library System,

a product of Sirsi, an American company. With this new system, readers can reserve and renew

books online. According to the comprehensive investment plan in the tenth Five-year plan for

colleges and universities of Tianjin, the library at TSFU has built new E reading rooms with 150

computers covering a total area of 500 square meters. E-reading rooms are connected to the

central switch of the campus network through optical fibers with data rates over one gigabit per

second, and data rates for desk tops one megabyte per second

While continuously improving its hardware construction, the library has also strengthened

its software construction. Currently, it possesses eight Chinese database, six foreign languages

databases, 3 CD-Rom databases, and four self – built databases. It has set up a special website and

gathered over 400 sites in seven language covering language teaching, new and current affairs,
literature, culture, etc. the library homepage, learning corners in seven languages have been set up

for readers.

Our library has spent the last three years searching for an automation system to manage our

collections in all languages-Chinese, western languages, and most importantly the languages of

South East Asia” explains Ms, Jingping Li, Director of the University Library, “ The full Unicode

support and localization functionalities of the ALEPH 500 library automation system as well as

the professionalism and integrity of the local Ex Libris representatives, helped us to make our final

decision,” adds Ms. Jingping. We are honored to begin this partnership with the Guangdong

University of Foreign Studies library,” says Fucheng Shen. Managing Director of Ex Libris China.

Ex libris is a forerunner in the field of multilingual, multiscript, products for library automation.

As such, we feel confident that the Guangdong University, which focuses on the international

studies, will find great benefit in ALEPH 500 and its Unicode functionalities.
Synthesis of Review of Related Studies

Foreign Studies

If a school has a lot of school bags the library is small and since 1997 the technology is

low because it is difficult for students in the school to study at the University of Foreign Studies

Ex Libris so the studyers are crowded with small library. so the school library is built and enlarged

and transferred to a large slot and to 6 storey building it is supported by a director at Guandong

university and his name is ms jingping li is in the library system they have 3 CD-Rom databases,

and four self-built databases. It has set up a special website and gathered over 400 sites in seven

language covering language teaching, new and current affairs, literature, culture, etc. the library

homepage, learning corners in seven languages have been set up for readers.

Fucheng Shen says Managing Director of Ex Libris China. “Ex libris is a forerunner in the field

of multilingual, multiscript, products for library automation. As such, we feel confident that the

Guangdong University, which focuses on the international studies, will find great benefit

In ALEPH 500 and its Unicode functionalities.” We are honored to begin this partnership with

the Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

 Review of Related Studies
Local Studies

According to dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph The Philippine government is doing its best to provide

the rudiments of basic schooling to its people for free, and setting education as one of its priority.

Similarly, the 1987 Philippine Constitution provides that public secondary education must be free.

However, the quality of education is being challenged with crucial problems. Along with other

developing country in Southeast Asia, the Philippines shares many of the same problems and

limitations as those of its fellow developing nations . Reality tells us that even if the public school

teachers are qualified to teach, the lack of instructional materials, inadequate facilities that students

reach up to sixty pupils in a classroom and lack of training for professional growth hindered them

to perform at their best.

At the same time, the gap between the elites and the grassroots communities within these

developing countries is also expanding in terms of their access to ICTs. The divide creates an

environment where the disadvantage groups in society are unable to contribute and benefit from

the information age and global communities created by the Internet . Nevertheless, prospects on

emerging technology alleviate the burden of dealing with enhancement of quality basic education.

Supporting a goal of sustained, broad-based development, the Philippines government has

developed the Philippine Digital Strategy (2011-2016) as their ICT blueprint The Philippine

Government has shown serious commitment to ICT in education by announcing a series of initiatives to

apply ICT in teaching and learning. Aligned with ICT4E Master Plans the government envisioned Philippine

education in 21st Century Education for All Filipinos, Anytime, Anywhere

 Similarly, asserted that the progressive increase in the use of ICTs in education has drastically

changed teaching/learning process” He further stated that the field of education has been affected by the

penetrating influence of ICTs. ICTs has undoubtedly, impacted on the quality of teaching, learning and

research in various educational institutions. In concrete terms, ICTs can enhance teaching and learning

through its dynamic interactive and engaging students in learning, helps to relate school experience to work

practices, enrich and deepen skills, help to create economic viability for tomorrows makers, contribute to

radical changes in the school teaching process, and provide opportunities for connection between schools

and the world .

On the other hand, alarming situations in library system management are often neglected and

not prioritized. The majority of the schools claim to have used computers for educational purposes

for at least two years and teacher-to-computer ratios appear slightly better, with almost a quarter

(24.2 percent) of the schools that allow teacher access to computers having one computer for four

or less teachers. Almost half of the public high schools, however, have not computerized their

library database, assuming that they have one in the first place.
Synthesis of Review of Related Studies

Local Studies

Vision Five-Year ICT Strategic Plan which aims to, completely integrate ICT into the

curriculum, including the development of multimedia instructional materials, and to establish the

necessary ICT infrastructure and applications has taken place. At the elementary level, ICT

integration in existing curriculum contributed to meeting the student performance target. Also

supported the fact that there is a great need in the use of advanced science and 6 technology in

order to enhance teaching skills. Since the integration of multimedia learning environments,

simulations and computer-based laboratory analysis tools foster superior math, science, and

language skills.
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Research Method

This chapter discusses the used Descriptive Method of Research. This describes the

development and evaluating of the Computer generated Library Management System. Last part

describes the population of its respondents, Subsequent sections describes the functionality of the

study will evaluated based on its components and criteria in terms of Accuracy, Reliability,

Usability, Efficiency, User-Friendliness. This research study was conducted based on the

methodology. This methodology plays an important role in implementing this research study

accordingly.

3.1 Research Design

The proponents used Descriptive Method of Research to answer the questions and

describe the data and characteristics of the subject being studied. It is used in many fields of

investigation due to its applicability to solve different kinds of problem. It involves the description,

recording, analysis and interpretation.

 FIGURE 3.2 FOURTH GENERATION TECHNIQUE

The proponents used the 4th Generation Technique because it enables developers to

easily determine problems with the system. The first phase is the information gathering. In this

phase, the proponents gather data information needed in working with the system, it is about the

conditions of the Library Management System in Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales. The

second phase is the design strategy. In this phase, it allows the user to show a monitor screen

display on how the program runs with the environment. It should display complete and accurate

information. The third phase is the implementation of 4GL. In this phase, it allows the user to

deals with the changeover to a new or improved system. The last phase is the Testing and

Evaluation. In this phase, it allows the user to fully test and evaluate the software system.

Research Method used

The Descriptive Method of Research is used in this study. This describes the nature of a

situation as it exists at the time of the study and to explore the course of particular phenomena. We
want to assess the effectiveness of the computer generated Library Management System through

the use of surveys information and observations.

Survey consists of obtaining information from a respondent on the basis of a pre-

prepared questionnaire. Observations, the researcher uses a standardized list of relevant

information which should be described and explained by means of observation.

The researcher gathered factual information through conducting informal

interview from people exposed to the new trend technology in order for the proponent to get added

information or reviews on the chosen study. Some information were found on from different

sources such as online materials, libraries, articles and other source material that is significant to

the study.

Population and its Sampling Size

The researcher would select individuals from which to collect the data. The research

population of this study comprised the students and the librarian of Mataas na Paaralang Neptali

A. Gonzales, In this study, the participants are the students who are using library that has impact

in doing research methods.

The population for this study is limited to 10 respondents. The researches chose 10

respondents for a trial and error process. The population of the respondents are the students who

uses the library who are beneficiaries of the software. This is based on the intention or the purpose

of study.
Description of Respondents

The respondents in this study are the students and librarian in Mataas na Paaralang Neptali

A. Gonzales, because the researchers want to know the effectiveness of the computer generated

Library System in recording, borrowing and returning of books.

Research Instruments

The proponents prepares a set of questionnaire to be distributed to the respondent. The

questionnaire will be consisting of a question that is related to the study. The functionality of the

study will be determined through the questionnaires.

The software will be evaluated based on its components and criteria in terms of Accuracy,

Reliability, Efficiency, and User-Friendliness.

Data Gathering Procedure

At first, the researchers make a request letter, to ask permission to the Principal, Head

Teachers and as well as Class Advisers of the school to conduct a survey for those students who

uses the library of their school. With the permission granted, the researchers personally

administered the research instruments to the respondents, and discussed the survey questionnaire

clearly and explained the directions well to ensure understanding for their response. After the

researchers discussed to the respondents and accomplished the distribution of the instruments

properly.
Statistical Treatment

The arithmetic mean, or simply the mean, is the most familiar among the measures of

position of central tendency. Sometimes, we refer the mean as the average.

Arithmetic Mean is the quotient of the sum of two or more quantities divided by the number

of quantities; Webster Comprehensive Dictionary.

Average is the quotient of any sum divided by the number of its terms; Webster

Comprehensive Dictionary.

Standard Deviation is the square root of the arithmetic average of the squares off all

deviations from the mean value of series of observation; Webster Comprehensive Dictionary

Percentage is used in manipulating the data to determine the present of distribution of the

certain population of sample.

Ranking enforced the description of percentage. It shows the importance of the position of

the term used.

Lickert’s scale will be used virtual interpretation that will be used in evaluating the proposed

software.
 TABLE 3.2

LICKERT’S SCALE TABLE

INTERVAL RATING INTERPRETATION

4.21-5.00 5 Always

3.41-4.20 4 Often

2.61-3.40 3 Sometimes

1.81-2.60 2 Seldom

1.00-1.80 1 Never
 SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Name: Age:

Grade:

Legend: 1- never 2- seldom 3- sometimes 4- often 5- always

Questions 1 2 3 4 5

1. How often have you

visit the Library?

2. Do you usually find the

books and other
materials that you are
looking for in the
library

3. Do you usually find the

books and other
materials that you are
looking for in the
library?

4. Overall, how satisfied

are you with library
services?

5. Availability of word
processing computers

6. How frequently do you

visit the library’s
website?

7. How important is the

library as a community
service

8. How important is the

library as a community
service
9. Library staff treats me
fairly and without
discrimination

10. Library staff provides

quality service
References

Busha and Harter (1980), Charleston Conference by MC Clure (1996), Kenseler (1996)

http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstrea

m/10603/8666/12/12_chapter%25202.pdf

Hermon and Rossiter (2006), Sager’s (2001) , Powell and Young (2003)

Hermon and Rossiter Library System in (2006), Sager’s Library System in (2001) Powell and

Young Library System in (2003)

https://phdessay.com/literature-review-on-library-management

Guandong University of Foreign Studies Ex Libris (2018)

https://www.exlibrisgroup.com/press-release/the-guangdong-university-of-foreign-studies-

selects-aleph-500/

Tianjin Foreign Studies University ( 1997, 1998, 2003, )

http://www.tjfsu.edu.cn/bindex/tsg.shtml

Romero (1893)

https://studymoose.com/review-of-related-studies-on-library-service-in-the-philippines-essay

Lou (1968)

https://www.coursehero.com/file/p7gi9ic/Local-According-to-Lou-1986-a-survey-on-the-

computer-application-in-223/

Deddens (2002), Hodgson (2002) (D. Lourdes 2012)

https://www.academia.edu/28280906/FOREIGN_RELATED_LITERATURE_TITLE_The_Stat

e_Of_Library_Management_Systems?auto=download

Philippine Government (2016)

Library System in University of the Philippines

http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/429/1/Library%20System.pdf