A Detailed Lesson Plan in Biochemistry

Prepared by: Noraimen B. Abdel Jalil (GS1)

I. Objective
The learners should be able to:
 Describe the function of the 4 major categories of macromolecules.

II. Subject Matter

A. The Biomolecules of Life
B. References:
Internet: https://sciencing.com/function-macromolecules-8694541.html
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/macromolecules
Books: Organic Chemistry II – John T. Moore, Richard H. Langley
C. Instructional Materials: Pictures, Visual Aids, Bondpaper
D. Value Integration: Awareness, Appreciation, Cooperation
E. Science Concepts:
Biomolecules are the chemistry of life - organic molecules found and
naturally occurs in living organisms. They include the macromolecules of
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Each macromolecules have their
own function that are essential to living organisms to be able to grow, metabolize
food and function.
The function of carbohydrates is to act as an energy source for storage and
structure for all living things. Lipids function as long-term energy storage and
insulation. Proteins assist the body in repairing cells and making new ones, and are
an important dietary and energy requirement, especially for growing adolescents
and expectant mothers. Lastly, nucleic acids which stores and transmit hereditary
information.
F. Skills Processed : Remembering , Describing

III. Procedure
Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity
A. Preliminary Activities

“Good morning class.” “Good morning Ma’am.”

“Please stand for our prayer” (Students pray)

“How are you today?” “We’re fine Ma’am.”

“Good to hear that.”

“Who is absent today?” “None Ma’am.”

“Before anything else I want everyone

to stretch and smile.”

B. Review Lesson

“Please get your assignment and

exchange it with your seatmate.”
 (Checks, discusses and collects
assignment)

“What have we discussed last “Last meeting we have discussed about

meeting?” sexual and asexual reproduction”

“What is the difference between (Student will answer)

sexual and asexual reproduction
again?”

“Very good! You really listened to my

discussion.”

C. Lesson Proper

1. Motivation

(Show a picture)

“What do you observe in this (Student will answer)

picture?”

“Very Good!”

“Class! What’s your favorite food? I’ll (Students think)

give you 5 seconds to think about it”

“Time’s up! Let us start with you (Each students will answer)
Lady.”

“Thank you everyone for sharing their

answers.”

2. Discussion

“The foods that you mentioned may

contain protein, carbohydrate, or fat
content. Just like the nutritional labels
we see on processed foods. In this
case, you may already be familiar with
several types of
biomolecules/biological molecules
that we’ll discuss today. Because our
topic is about…”

(Presentation of title and objectives)

The Biomolecules of Life

Objective:
The learners should be able to:
 Describe the function of
the 4 major categories of
macromolecules.
(Listening to the students reading the
objective)

“Thank you.”

“After the discussion today you “Yes Ma’am!”

should be able to remember and
narrate the function of the 4 major
categories of macromolecules ”

“Did you get it class?”

“That’s great!”

“As I’ve said a while ago your foods

may contain biomolecules/biological
molecules like proteins and
carbohydrates.”

“So what exactly is a ‘’ “Biomolecules are molecules that occur

biomolecules/biological molecules’’? naturally in living organisms.”
Class, do you have any idea what
biological molecules or biomolecules
are?”

“Very Good!”

“A biomolecule or biological
molecule is a loosely used term
for molecules and ions that are present
in organisms, essential to some
typically biological process.”

“These “biological molecule” in our

food, is providing us with the building
blocks we need to maintain our body –
because our body is also made of
biological molecules!”

“Now, biomolecules include large

biomolecules or macromolecules.
“Macro” means large; they are made
by smaller molecules bonding
together. Our body gets these smaller
molecules, the "building blocks"
or monomers, of organic molecules
from the food we eat.”

“There are four main types of (Students will read)

macromolecules found in living
organisms. Namely, proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic
acids.”

“Let us start with carbohydrates.

Carbohydrates are made up of
monosaccharides (sugars). The most
common monosaccharide is glucose,
which is one of the most valuable
sugars for all animals and plants. The
function of carbohydrates is to act as
an energy source for storage and
structure for all living things. For
humans it is the body’s main source of
fuel, needed for physical activity,
brain function and operation of the
organs. All the cells and tissues in
your body need carbs, and they are
also important for intestinal health and
waste elimination. For plants, starch is
the chief energy source and cellulose
is what provides structure and support.
For animals, glycogen supplies energy
and chitin provides the structure and
support.(With interactive questions) ”

“Aizy, can you give examples of food “Sugary sweets, dairy products, grains and
rich in carbohydrates?” fruits.”

“Very good!”

“Next are lipids, Lipids come in three

forms -- fats, steroids and
phospholipids. The main function of
these lipids is energy and insulation.
Fats come in either saturated or
unsaturated forms, and are insoluble
and therefore, buoyant. Saturated fats
are found in animals and are solids at
room temperature; unsaturated fats are
found in plants and are liquids or oils at
room temperature. Lipids, in the form
of phospholipids, are also important
elements in membranes. Lipids can
serve a diverse range of functions
within a cell, including: Storage of
energy for long-term use.(With
interactive questioning)”

“Johndelle, can you give examples of (Student will answer)

food rich in fats?”

“Very good!”

“Proteins are very important

macromolecules; they have many
levels of structure and a number of
functions. Every cell in the human
body contains proteins and most
bodily fluids contain proteins as well.
Proteins make up a large part of
human skin, organs, muscles and
glands. Proteins assist the body in
repairing cells and making new ones,
and are an important dietary and
energy requirement, especially for
growing adolescents and expectant
mothers.”

“Caitlin, can you give examples of (Student will answer)

foods rich in proteins?”

“Very good!”

“Nucleic acids include the all-

important DNA and RNA. DNA is the
blueprint for genetic development for
all life-forms; it holds the necessary
information required for protein
synthesis. RNA is the carrier of this
information to the actual site of protein
production. The body is made up of
hundreds of thousands of proteins and
each has to act in a specific way to
function properly. Nucleic acids
contain the information necessary for
these proteins to develop and act the
way they are supposed to.”

“Again there are four main types of “None Ma’am.”

macromolecules found in living
organisms. Each of which has an
important role to contribute. Is there
any questions or clarifications with
regards to our topic?”

“Very good.”

“Let us now have an activity. I will

group you in three (3) groups.”

(Provide each group with the

prepared material and the activity
sheet)

“The activity is only good for 1

minute and 30 seconds. Follow the
instruction written there and choose a
member to present your answers in
class. ”

“Let us be reminded of the rubrics in

doing your activity.(Written at the
back of the material) Are we clear?” “Yes Ma’am.”

“You can start now!”

(Students will report their outputs)

 “Let us give ourselves a very good
clap.”

3. Generalization

“Again, what is biomolecule?”

“What is macromolecule and what are (Student will answer)

the four main categories of
macromolecules found in living (Student will answer)
organisms?”

“What is the function of carbohydrates

in living organisms?”
(Student will answer)
“What about proteins?”

“How about lipids?” (Student will answer)

“How about nucleic acids?” (Student will answer)

“Why do we need fats, carbohydrates, (Student will answer)

and proteins in our diet?
(Application)” (Student will answer)

“Very good. Nowadays, endless

number of diet plans are available
claiming to be the solution to all of our
weight loss needs. Most of them are
based on calorie restriction or
minimizing intake of one of the major
macromolecules found in food – fats,
carbohydrates, and proteins. Probably
the most famous example of this is the
Atkins diet, which suggests you cut
carbohydrates out of your diet and
sustain yourself on protein and fat.
Although these diet systems have led to
weight loss for many people, we should
be careful about upsetting the balance
of the macromolecules we ingest. After
all, the body needs all of them to
function properly.”

IV. Evaluation

“It is time for your quiz. Close your

notes class. I’ll be handing out the
questionnaires for the quiz.”

Direction: Choose the letter of the

correct answer.

1. ______________ is a loosely used

term for molecules and ions that
are present in organisms, essential
 to some typically biological
process.
A. Biomolecule
B. Molecule
C. Macromolecule
D. Monomer

2. What is the function of the

macromolecule, carbohydrate?
A. Long term energy storage.
B. Main source of quick energy for
most organism.
C. Stores and transmit hereditary /
genetic information.
D. Provides structure for cells.

3. What is the function of the

macromolecule , protein?
A. Long term energy storage.
B. Main source of quick energy for
most organism.
C. Stores and transmit hereditary /
genetic information.
D. Provides structure for cells.

4. Also known as large molecule.

A. Micromolecule
B. Macromolecule
C. Majormolecule
D. Biomolecule
5. Describe briefly the function of
each 4 macromolecules that are
essential to life. (4 points)

V. Assignment
What are the monomers for each of the 4 major macromolecules?
 Activity No. 1
The Biomolecules of Life
Objective:
After performing this activity, the learners should be able to:
 Describe the function of the 4 major categories of macromolecules.
Material: Ballpen
Direction: Fill each box with the correct answer.
Macromolecule Functions
(1 point) (2 points)

1.

2.

3.

4.
( From: https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rubricforgroupactivity1-150110232534-conversion-
gate02/95/rubric-for-group-activity-1-1-638.jpg?cb=1420953953 )