Chapter 25: Lipid Transport & Storage, Lipid Transport &

Storage: Hardman: 9/25/18

Study online at quizlet.com/combine/280679362,319635412

1. 0.7-0.8 ueq/mL is seen in _______ Starvation 19. Clearance of chylomicrons in the <1 Hour
blood
2. 4 Lipid Classes TAGs (16%)
Phospholipids (30%) 20. Derived from intestinal absorption Chylomicrons
Cholesterol (14%) of tags and other lipids
Cholesterol esters
21. Derived from the liver for the export VLDL
(36%)
of TAGs
also FFAs (4%)
22. dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMPP) IPP is isomerized to
3. Abnormalities in lipoprotein hypo or
metabolism causes these hyperlipoproteinemias 23. DMPP is converted to geranyl
pyrophosphate
4. These act as the vehicle transport Chyle
(GPP)
of triacylglycerol from the liver to
extrahepatic tissue 24. Does not metabolize native Liver
chylomicrons or VLDL significantly
5. AMP is activated by glucagon &
epinepherine 25. estrogens & testosterone hormones for
reproduction and
6. androgens converted to estradiol
physical
and testosterone
development
7. apo E2 most rare isoform;
26. Excess calories are ingested in what Anabolic
reduces risk of
phase of the feeding cycle
alzheimers
27. An excessive accumulation of TAGs NAFLD
8. apo E3 most common isoform
in the liver can lead to________ and if NASH
of apo E
chronic, __________
9. apo E4 increases risk for
28. Four major groups of Plasma 1) Chylomicrons
alzheimers
Lipoproteins 2) VLDL
10. apo E recognition mediates uptake of 3) LDL
IDL and LDL 4) HDL
11. These are transported from the Very Low Density 29. FPP is converted to squalene
liver to most tissues for oxidation Lipoproteins (VLDL)
30. Free Fatty Acids are rapidly 0.1 to 2.0 ueq/mL
and adipose tissue for storage
metabolized in this concentration
12. bile acids (bile salts) steroids synthesized
31. glucocorticoids (cortisol) stress response
from cholesterol; aid in
hormone
fat digestion and
absorption 32. GPP is converted to farnesyl
pyrophosphate (FPP)
13. brown adipose tissue brown fat found
mostly in babies, 33. Greater that 2 uEq/mL of FFAs are Diabetes mellitus
known to produce heat seen in ______

14. Cholesterol formation step 1 HMG-CoA synthesis 34. HDL reverse cholesterol
transport
15. cholesterol formation step 2 mevalonate synthesis;
committed step 35. hepatocytes release amino acids,
free cholesterol, and
16. cholesterol formation step 3 mevalonate
fatty acids
conversion to
isopentenyl 36. HMG-CoA reductase is activated by AMP

17. Chylomicrons are found in this Chyle 37. HMG-CoA reductase is inactivated phosphorylation
which is formed only by the by
lymphatic system during draining
the intestine
18. chylomicrons transport dietary fat
38. Hormones promoting lipolysis 1) Epinephrine 54. NASH can progress to these liver 1) Cirrhosis
2) Norepinephrine diseases 2) Hepatocarcinoma
3) Glucagon 3) Liver failure
4) ACTH
55. The nonpolar lipid core consists Triacylglycerol
5) MSH
mainly of _________ and ___________ Cholesterol ester
6) TSH
7) GH 56. The nonpolar lipid core is Amphipathic
8) Vasopressin surrounded by single surface phospholipid
layer of _________ and __________ Cholesterol
39. Human adipose tissue may not True
be an important site of 57. Pathological conditions affecting Hypercoholesterolemia
lipogenesis lipid transport due to inherited Premature
defects Atherosclerosis
40. Hydrolyzes TAGs of Lipoprotein Lipase
chylomicrons and VLDL to form 58. The problem of how to transport Nonpolar
remnant lipoproteins which is lipids in aqueous blood plasma is Amphipathic
then uptaked by the liver solved by associating __________
lipids with __________ampiphathic
41. IDL LDL precursor
lipids and proteins to make water-
42. Increase in this can lead to Glucose Metabolism miscible lipoproteins
output of FFAs
59. progestins essential for
43. Inhibited by insulin Adipose Tissue Lipolysis maintenance of
pregnancy
44. Involved in cholesterol transport HDL
and also in VLDL and 60. The protein moiety of a Apolipoprotein or
chylomicron metabolism lipoprotein, constituting of 70% of Apoprotein
some HDL and as little as 1% of
45. isopentenyl pyrophosphate 5 carbon isoprene unit
chylomicrons
46. Lanosterol to cholesterol final step in cholesterol
61. proteins are prenylated by attachment of farnesyl
synthesis
or geranylgeranyl
47. LDL cholesterol transport groups
48. lipoprotein lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides 62. A rare disease in where Abetalipoprotein
to fatty acids and lipoproteins containing apo B are
glycerol not formed and lipid droplets
49. Lipoproteins, unlike water- Water-micible accumulate in the intestine and
immiscible lipids are __________ liver

50. A low level of FFAs are seen in Well-fed state 63. rate limiting enzyme of HMG-CoA reductase
________ cholesterol formation

51. The main storage of TAG in the Adipose Tissue 64. receptor negatively charged
body glycoprotein clustered
in clathrin coated pits
52. Major functions of liver in lipid 1) Facilitates digestion
metabolism and absorption 65. Regulates the balance between Perilipin
2) Synthesizes and TAG storage and lipolysisbin
oxidizes fatty acids adipocytes
3) Converts fattybacids 66. Represents the final stage of LDL
to Ketone bodies VLDL catabolism (cholesterol and
4) Synthesis and phospholipids)
metabolism of plasma
67. Responsible for the transport of Chylomicrons
lipoproteins
all dietary lipids into circulation
53. Mineralcorticoids (aldosterone) stimulates sodium
68. A risk factor for increased Obesity
uptake and potassium
mortality, hypertension, Type 2
excretion in kidney;
diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia,
increases blood pressure
hyperglycemia, and various
endocrine dysfunctions
69. SCAP -SREBP-cleavage activating protein
70. squaline cyclizes to form lanosterol
71. squaline is formed by condensaiton of 6 molecules of IPP
72. SREBP sterol regulatory element binding protein
73. synthesis of HMG-CoA occurs in the cytoplasm
74. TAGs are transported from the __________ in chylomicrons and from the Intestine
_________ in VLDL Liver
75. three isoforms of Apo E E2, E3, E4
76. Transported lipids from the intestines found in lymphnodes Chylomicrons
77. Two Types of Fatty Livers 1) Raised level of plasma FFAs
2) Metabolic block in the production of
plasmalipoproteins
78. VLDL transports endogenous fat transport
79. Yellow adipose tissue promotes thermogenesis False, brown adipose tissue promotes
thermogenesis