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Speed of light in vacuum c = 3.

0 × 108 m/s
Permittivity of vacuum 0 = 8.85 × 10−12 C2 · N−1 · m−2
Permeability of vacuum µ0 = 4π × 10−7 T · m · A−1
Planck’s constant h̄ = 1.05 × 10−34 J · s = 6.58 × 10−16 eV · s
Elementary charge e = 1.602 × 10−19 C
Avogadro’s number NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol−1
Boltzmann’s constant kB = 1.38 × 10−23 J · K−1
Electron mass me = 9.109 × 10−31 kg = 510 keV/c2
Proton mass mp = 1.67 × 10−27 kg = 938 MeV/c2
Wavelength of light 6 × 10−7 m (approx.)
Linear dimension of atoms several×10−10 m (approx.)
Typical chemical energy several eV per atom (approx.)
Atoms/cm3 in solids 1023 (approx.)
Molecules/cm3 in gas 2.7 × 1019 at STP
Linear dimension of nuclei several×10−15 m (approx.)
Nuclear binding energy Typically 8 MeV per nucleon (approx)

Gravitational constant G = 6.67 × 10−11 N · m2 · kg−2


Gravitational acceleration g = 9.8 m/s2
Earth’s mass Me = 5.975 × 1024 kg
Earth’s radius Re = 6.38 × 106 m
Sun’s mass Ms = 1.987 × 1030 kg
Sun’s radius Rs = 6.96 × 108 m
Moon’s mass Mm = 7.35 × 1022 kg
Moon’s radius Rm = 1.7 × 106 m
Mean distance earth-sun 1.50 × 1011 m
Mean distance earth-moon 3.85 × 108 m
Speed of sound at STP 335 m/s = 749 mi/hr
Kinematic viscosity of air ν = 0.150 cm2 · s−1 at 20◦ C
Density of air (sea level) ρ = 1.29 × 10−3 gm · cm−3
Kinematic viscosity of H2 O ν = 1.007 × 10−2 cm2 · s−1 at 20◦ C
Density of H2 O ρ = 1.0 gm · cm−3
Atmospheric pressure 1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 1 × 105 N · m−2

Length 1 m = 39.37 in.; 1 km = 103 m=0.6214 mile


Speed 1 m/s = 3.281 ft/s=3.6 km/hr=2.237 mi/hr
Mass 1 kg = 103 gm = 2.205 lb mass=0.0685 slug
Force 1 N = 1 kg m/s2 = 0.2248 lb
Pressure 1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 14.6 lb/in2
Energy 1 J = 1 N·m = 0.24 cal = 6.24×1018 eV
Power 1 W = 1 J/s; 745.7 W = 1 hp
Thickness of paper 0.1 mm (approx.)
Mass of paperclip 0.5 gm (approx.)
Length of day 86,164 s (approx. 105 s)
Length of year 3.156 × 107 s (approx. π × 107 s)
Finger at arm’s length subtends an angle of 1◦ (approx.)
Mountains, oceans 10 km (approx.) for highest, deepest
Incident solar power 1.4 × 103 W/m2 at earth’s surface
U.S. population 270 × 106 (approx.)
World population 6 × 109 (approx.)

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