Harris Academy Battersea

Name: ________________________

Materials questions Class: ________________________

Date: ________________________

Time:

Marks:

Comments:

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 Harris Academy Battersea

Q1. Susie cooked sausages on a barbecue.

(a) Fat and water in the sausages changed state.

Draw one line from each statement to the correct change of state.
Draw only two lines.

statement change of state

2 marks

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(b) Susie uses charcoal as the fuel for the barbecue.

(i) Which statement is true about all fuels?

Tick the correct box.

All fuels are sources

All fuels are black.
of energy.

All fuels are made

All fuels are solid.
from wood.

1 mark

(ii) Which gas in the air is needed for fuels to burn?

Tick the correct box.

water vapour oxygen

nitrogen carbon dioxide

1 mark

(c) The metal grill of the barbecue is made of steel.

Six properties of steel are given below.

Which properties are needed for the metal grill?

Tick two correct boxes.

It conducts electricity. It is rigid.

It has a very high

It is magnetic.
melting point.

It is shiny. It rusts.

2 marks
maximum 6 marks

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Q2. The following key can be used by scientists to identify plastics.

(a) Use the key to identify plastics A and B.

(i) Plastic A does not melt when it is touched with a hot nail. It gives off a fishy
smell when it is heated but does not crack.

Plastic A is ..........................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Plastic B melts when it is touched with a hot nail. It burns without dripping. It
keeps burning even when the flame is taken away.

Plastic B is ..........................................................................................
1 mark

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(b) The tests in the key should always be done in a fume cupboard.

Give two reasons why burning a plastic is dangerous.

1. ..................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

2. ..................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
2 marks
Maximum 4 marks

Q3. Copper can be obtained form its ore, copper sulphide, in two stages.

First stage heating the ore in air

Copper sulphide reacts with oxygen from the air to form copper oxide
and sulphur dioxide gas.

Second stage heating the copper oxide with carbon

Copper oxide reacts with carbon to form copper and carbon dioxide
gas.

(a) Give the names of three elements mentioned above.

1. .................................................................................................................

2. .................................................................................................................

3. .................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) Give the name of one compound mentioned above.

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) Give the name of the compound, mentioned above which causes ‘acid rain’.

......................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 3 marks

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Q4.Crude oil is used to make useful substances such as alkenes and plastics.

(a) The alkene shown is ethene.

(i) Tick ( ) the correct formula for ethene.

Formula Tick ( )

CH4

C2H4

C2H6

(1)

(ii) Tick ( ) the name of the plastic formed when many ethene molecules join
together.

Name of plastic Tick ( )

Poly(ethene)

Poly(ethenol)

Poly(propene)

(1)

(b) Read the article about plastics and then answer the questions.

THE PROBLEM WITH PLASTIC WASTE

Millions of tonnes of plastics are made from crude oil every year.

Most of the litter found on beaches is plastic waste.

80 % of plastics produced end up in landfill sites.

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(i) Draw a ring around the correct answer in the box to complete the sentence.

decomposes.

Plastic waste needs to be removed from beaches because it is reactive.

is not biodegradable.

(1)

(ii) Suggest a problem caused by 80 % of plastics going to landfill sites.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
(1)

(iii) Suggest one way of reducing the amount of plastics going to landfill sites.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)

Q5. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increased by reactions that occur
in internal combustion engines (X) and is decreased by reactions in sea water (Y).

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 Harris Academy Battersea
Describe, in as much detail as you can, the reactions which take place at X and Y.

(a) X .................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(2)

(b) Y .................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 5 marks)

Q6. Most electricity in the UK is generated in power stations that burn fossil fuels. The
diagram lists some of the substances released into the air when fossil fuels are burned.

(a) (i) Which one of the substances released into the air causes acid rain?

.........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) In the sentence below, draw a ring around the correct answer.

The type of environmental pollution caused by

global dimming
smoke particle is global warming
rising sea levels

(1)

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(iii) Suggest how the burning of fossil fuels may cause climate change.

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................
(2)

(b) The table shows the percentage of electricity generated by different energy
sources.

Energy
Renewables Nuclear Coal Gas and Oil
sources

Percentage
8 20 32 40
(%)

Complete the bar chart to show the percentage of electricity generated by coal and
by gas and oil.

(2)
(Total 6 marks)

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Q7. Supermarkets in the UK have been advised by the Government to stop giving plastic
bags to customers. The Government states that this is because plastic bags use up
resources that are not renewable and that the manufacture of plastic bags produces
carbon dioxide.
Most of these plastic bags are made from poly(ethene). The table shows methods to deal
with large numbers of used plastic bags.

Method Description of what happens to the plastic bag

Reused used again by the customer

Recycled collected, transported, washed and melted to make new plastic items

Burned collected, transported and burnt to release heat energy

Dumped mixed with other household waste, collected, transported and

disposed of at a landfill site

Use the information and your knowledge and understanding to briefly give one advantage
and one disadvantage for each of these methods.

Reused ...................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

Recycled .................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

Burned ....................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

Dumped ..................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
(4)
(Total 4 marks)

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Q8. Water sold in plastic bottles has a high ‘carbon cost’.

The ‘carbon cost’ depends on the amount of carbon dioxide emitted in making and
transporting the product.

The more carbon dioxide emitted, the higher the ‘carbon cost’.

(a) Plastic water bottles are made from a polymer.

The polymer is made from ethene.
Ethene is made by cracking hydrocarbons.

(i) Name the polymer made from ethene.

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii) Ethene can be made by cracking the hydrocarbon pentane, C5H12.

C5H12 → C2H4 + C3H8

Explain why there is a ‘carbon cost’ for the process of cracking a hydrocarbon.

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................
(2)

(b) The diagram shows information about water sold in plastic bottles in the UK.
The diagram also shows the average distances that water and plastic bottles are
transported.

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 Harris Academy Battersea
Suggest how the high ‘carbon cost’ of water sold in plastic bottles could be
reduced.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 6 marks)

Q9. Plastics are used to make many everyday items, such as the body of the kettle.

(a) Complete the sentences by drawing a ring around the correct words.

catalysts

(i) The plastic is made from many small molecules called monomers

polymers

(1)

(ii) Propene is produced by cracking some of the fractions that are

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 Harris Academy Battersea

crude oil

separated from limestone

metal ores

(1)

(b) After a few years the kettle no longer worked.

• Some parts of the kettle are made of plastic.

• Some parts of the kettle are made of stainless steel.
• The owner of the kettle disposed of it in a landfill site.

Consider these statements.

Suggest three reasons why the kettle should not be disposed of in a landfill site.

1 .................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

2 .................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

3 .................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 5 marks)

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 Harris Academy Battersea

M1. (a)

if more than one line is drawn from either ‘fat melted’ or

‘water evaporated’, award no mark for that statement
2 (L3)

(b) (i) • All fuels are sources of energy.

if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L3)

(ii) • oxygen
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)

(c) • It is rigid.

• It has a very high melting point.

if more than two boxes are ticked, deduct one
mark for each incorrect tick
minimum mark zero
2 (L4)
[6]

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M2. (a) (i) melamine
1 (L4)

(ii) ABS
1 (L4)

(b) any two from

• it might give off poisonous fumes

accept ‘gives off dangerous or harmful gas’
or ‘gives off fumes’
accept ‘fumes can cause cancer’

• it could burn the skin

accept ‘it could drip on you’

• it could start a fire

accept ‘hot drips could start a fire’
do not accept ‘it keeps on burning
when the flame is taken away’
2 (L4)
[4]

M3. (a) copper

oxygen
carbon
answers may be in any order
all three elements are required for the mark
accept correct symbols for the elements
accept ‘sulphur’ as one of the three elements
1 (L5)

(b) any one from

• copper sulphide

• copper oxide

• sulphur dioxide

• carbon dioxide
1 (L5)

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(c) sulphur dioxide

do not accept ‘carbon dioxide’
1 (L5)
[3]

M4.(a) (i) C2H4

1

(ii) poly(ethene)
1

(b) (i) is not biodegradable

1

(ii) not enough landfill sites / space

accept landfill sites are filling up or plastics remain for years
or plastics not broken down
ignore cost / waste of resources / not biodegradable / wildlife
1

(iii) recycle / burn

accept reduce the amount of packaging used
ignore reused
1
[5]

M5. (a) any two 1 mark each

burning / combustion

fossil fuels or (locked up) carbon

accept fuel / named fuel

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 Harris Academy Battersea
oxygen used
2

(b) any three from

produces (calcium) carbonate

which is insoluble

produces (calcium) hydrogencarbonate

which is soluble

photosynthesis

releases oxygen
3
[5]

M6. (a) (i) sulfur dioxide / SO2

1

(ii) global dimming

1

(iii) carbon dioxide / CO2

ignore ozone
1

increases the levels (of carbon dioxide)

accept it is a greenhouse gas or causes global warming /
greenhouse effect
1

(b) gas / oil bar correct length

1

coal bar correct length

1
[6]

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M7. Reused

• saves raw materials / crude oil

• unable to reuse many times
• bags easily split

• saves energy / fuel / transport

• fewer bags needed / made

• reduces carbon / CO2 emissions

• reduces use of landfill

• saves cost of a new bag

• no waste
1

Recycled

• saves raw materials / crude oil

• has to be collected / transported / washed / separated /
melted

• saves energy / use of fuel

• reduces carbon / CO2 emissions

• reduces use of landfill

• can be used for new products

ignore uses energy
1

Burned

• heat / energy released can be used (for heating / generating electricity)

• has to be collected / transported

• reduces use of landfill

• wastes the resource / plastic
• releases harmful gases / toxic gases / CO2
1

Dumped

• collected / transported with household waste

• wastes the resource

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• plastic uses landfill

• (slowly) biodegrades or produces methane which can be used as a fuel

• produces methane which is a greenhouse gas / could
cause explosions

• (not biodegradable so) does not release CO2 / green house gas into the air
• not biodegradable / take years to decompose

ignore cost / litter / waste / global warming / habitats unless mentioned above
1
[4]

M8. (a) (i) polyethene / poly(ethene)

accept polythene / polyethylene
1

(ii) needs heat / energy / high temperature / fuel (for cracking)

ignore other processes
1

produces carbon dioxide / CO2

ignore use of CO2 or ‘produces carbon’
1

(b) any three from:

• use water from local sources or water from close to home

• recycle bottles in the UK / close to home

accept do not recycle in other countries / Asia

• (reduction in distance travelled) would reduce CO2 emitted by transport

accept use of transport with low / no carbon dioxide
emissions

• use tap water

• use glass bottles / waxed cartons / metal bottles

do not accept ‘do not use plastic bottles’ without an
alternative material

• do not put in landfill or recycle more

• reuse / refill plastic bottles

• tax imported water / plastic bottles (to offset carbon cost)

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• make more / all plastic bottles in UK
answers must be about the reduction of carbon cost
3
[6]

M9. (a) (i) monomers

1

(ii) crude oil

1

(b) any three from:

• metal may not corrode away / remains

• plastic remains / does not break down (decay) / not affected by

microorganisms
accept non-biodegradable

• should recycle / conserve resources / mend the kettle / burn (plastic) as a fuel
accept it is a waste of materials / resources

• landfill sites are limited / filling up

• water pollution
ignore harms wildlife / habitats or problems caused by
burning the kettle
3
[5]

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