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FUTURE: WILL / BE GOING TO USE 2 “Will” to Express a Promise

“Will” is usually used in promises.
Examples:
Future simple has two different forms in English: “will”
• I will call you when I arrive.
and “be going to.” Although the two forms can sometimes
• If I am elected President of the United States, I will
be used interchangeably, they often express two very di-
make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health
fferent meanings. These different meanings might seem
insurance.
too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the diffe-
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
rences will become clear. Both “will” and “be going to”
• Don’t worry, I’ll be careful.
refer to a specific time in the future.
• I won’t tell anyone your secret.

USE 3 “Be going to” to Express a Plan

“Be going to” expresses that something is a plan. It ex-
presses the idea that a person intends to do something in
FORM Will
the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic
[will + base form verb]
or not.
Examples:
• You will help him later.
Examples:
• Will you help him later?
• He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
• You will not help him later.
• She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.
• A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
FORM Be Going To
B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.
[am/is/are + going to + base form verb]
• I’m going to be an actor when I grow up.
Examples:
• Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
• You are going to meet Jane tonight.
• They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
• Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
• Who are you going to invite to the party?
• You are not going to meet Jane tonight.
• A: Who is going to make John’s birthday cake?
B: Sue is going to make John’s birthday cake.
USE 1 “Will” to Express a Voluntary Action
“Will” often suggests that a speaker will do something
Conditionals
voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers
to do for someone else. Often, we use “will” to respond
What are conditionals in English grammar? Sometimes
to someone else’s complaint or request for help. We also
we call them ‘if clauses’. They describe the result of so-
use “will” when we request that someone help us or vo-
mething that might happen (in the present or future) or
lunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use “will not”
might have happened but didn’t (in the past) . They are
or “won’t” when we refuse to voluntarily do something.
made using different English verb tenses.
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it. The Zero Conditional
• I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it. We can make a zero conditional sentence with two
• Will you help me move this heavy table? present simple verbs (one in the ‘if clause’ and one in
• Will you make dinner? the ‘main clause’):
• I will not do your homework for you. • If + present simple, .... present simple.
• I won’t do all the housework myself! This conditional is used when the result will always ha-
• A: I’m really hungry. ppen. So, if water reaches 100 degrees, it always boils.
B: I’ll make some sandwiches. It’s a fact. I’m talking in general, not about one particular
• A: I’m so tired. I’m about to fall asleep. situation. The result of the ‘if clause’ is always the main
B: I’ll get you some coffee. clause.
• A: The phone is ringing.
B: I’ll get it.

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The ‘if ’ in this conditional can usually be replaced by ‘when’ D) He will travel into outer space
without changing the meaning. E) He will record the data
For example: If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils. (It is
always true, there can’t be a different result sometimes). If 2. When is the space shuttle going to launch?
I eat peanuts, I am sick. (This is true only for me, maybe,
not for everyone, but it’s still true that I’m sick every time I A) At midnight
eat peanuts) B) At noon
C) Early in the morning
Here are some more examples: D) In the afternoon
• If people eat too much, they get fat. E) At night
• If you touch a fire, you get burned.
• People die if they don’t eat. 3. What is the crew going to continue at the space station?
• You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.
• Snakes bite if they are scared A) Traveling to the International Space Station
• If babies are hungry, they cry B) Doing experiments, recording data and making repairs
C) Watching videos
The First Conditional D) Staying in space for almost 6 months
The first conditional has the present simple after ‘if ’, then E) Going to launch into space
the future simple in the other clause:
• if + present simple, ... will + base form verb 4. What will they record?
It’s used to talk about things which might happen in the
future. Of course, we can’t know what will happen in the A) The journey
future, but this describes possible things, which could B) The data
easily come true. C) The experiments
D) A video
• If it rains, I won’t go to the park. E) The space
• If I study today, I’ll go to the party tonight.
• If I have enough money, I’ll buy some new shoes. 5. Where will Brent’s family watch videos?
• She’ll be late if the train is delayed.
• She’ll miss the bus if she doesn’t leave soon. A) On TV
• If I see her, I’ll tell her. B) On cable TV
C) At the space station
D) On the internet
E) In the shuttle
Exercises
Text 1 Text 2
Brent is an American astronaut. Today, he will travel into There is going to be a wedding today. At 4 o’clock this af-
outer space. At noon, his space shuttle is going to launch ternoon, Megan Smith and Mark Jones are going to get ma-
into space. Brent and the other astronauts are going to tra- rried. After today, they will be Mr. and Mrs. Jones.
vel to the International Space Station. They will stay in spa- It is going to be a huge celebration. Everyone will be there!
ce for almost 6 months. They are going to serve dinner and dessert. The best man
The crew is going to continue research at the space station. will give a speech. Then everyone will dance. The dance
They will do some experiments. They will record their data. will last until midnight.
They are also going to make some repairs on the space sta- The day after the wedding, Megan and Mark are going
tion. to leave for their honeymoon. They are going to travel to
Brent will learn a lot in space. He is going to make videos Hawaii. They are going to stay there for 7 days. They will
of his time on the space station. His family will watch the have a good time in Hawaii!
videos on the internet. They will see what Brent is doing in
space. 6. Who is going to get married at 4 o’clock?

1. Where will Brent travel today? A) Megan Smith and Tom Jones
B) Maria Jones and Mark Smith
A) He will do some experiments C) Megan Smith and Mark Jones
B) He is going to make videos D) Tom Jones and Ana Smith
C) He is going to make some repairs E) Mr. and Mrs. Smith

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7. Who will be there? 9. Who will dance?

A) Just family A) Nobody

B) Family and friends B) Wife and husband
C) Family, coworkers and friends C) The best man
D) Nobody D) Everyone
E) Family and friends
E) Everybody

10. Where are Megan and Mark going to the day after their
8. Who will give a speech?
wedding?

A) The best man

A) New York City
B) The best friend
B) Los Angeles
C) Mrs. Smith
C) Paris
D) Mr. Jones
D) London
E) Everyone
E) Hawaii

KEYS
1- D 2- B 3- B 4- B 5- D
6- C 7- E 8- A 9- D 10 - E

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