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Conservacionismo y Ecologismo.
Los ecologistas, en cambio, liderados por John Muir (1838–1914), predicaban que
la naturaleza era sagrada y los seres humanos son los intrusos que deberían mirar
pero no desarrollarla, responsable de definir la posición ecologista, en el debate
entre el conservacionismo y el ecologismo.
A pesar de ello hoy se sigue viendo el terreno «virgen» como un producto capaz de
ser comprado para beneficio principalmente de la industria, que adquiere los
permisos para construir y acaparar el mercado del país donde compra, invirtiendo
su dinero. Esta inversión se verá reflejada al cabo de unos años después de haber
consumido todos los mercados posibles y siguiendo una brecha de compra-venta
por otras partes del mundo. Meadows informó que la economía podía estancar el
crecimiento natural.
Motivaciones.
El ser humano, a medida que avanza está destruyendo las pocas y últimas áreas
salvajes o naturales que quedan; está extinguiendo especies de plantas y animales;
está perdiendo Germoplasma valioso de especies y variedades domésticas de
plantas y animales; está contaminando el mar, el aire, el suelo y las aguas, y el
medio ambiente en general, viéndose entornos devastados con pérdidas de suelo
rico en nutrientes aptos para la reforestación.
C. Muchas áreas deben ser conservadas por razones culturales, con las
poblaciones humanas que contienen. En la sierra, en la Amazonia y en otras
partes del mundo se han desarrollado grupos humanos con técnicas y
manifestaciones culturales de gran importancia, que no deberían desaparecer.
Música, danza, idioma, arquitectura, artesanías, restos históricos, etc., son
aspectos importantes de la riqueza de un país y forman parte de su patrimonio.
A. Fomentar la Educación
Ambiental. Educar a la población para
que consuma y trabaje de manera eco-
responsable, eligiendo bien qué
productos emplear, cómo disponer de sus desechos y de qué manera minimizar
el daño que su modo de vida hace al ambiente.
B. Fomentar el Ahorro. Los recursos naturales como el agua,
la electricidad (cuya generación consume materias primas) o los alimentos
deben manejarse responsablemente, tanto por la población como por el mundo
empresarial, recordando que los recursos son limitados y las necesidades
infinitas.
C. Leyes Ambientales. El castigo a quienes deterioren el medio ambiente debe
ser ejemplar, ya se trate de una empresa que vierte desechos tóxicos en un
lago, un hogar que genere exceso de basura no reciclable o del dueño de un
automóvil que no cumpla con una mínima regulación ambiental.
With the name of conservationism is designated the social movement that proposes
that conservation. One of its slopes is the environmental movement.
The debates between conservationists and ecologists appear at the beginning of the
20th century.
Conservationists, led by President Theodore Roosevelt and his close ally Gifford
Pinchot, pointed out that the majority of natural resources in Western countries
should belong to the federal government and the best course of action, they argued,
was a long-term plan devised by national experts to maximize the long-term
economic benefits of natural resources.
Ecologists, however, led by John Muir (1838-1914), preached that nature was
sacred and human beings are the intruders who should look but not develop,
responsible for defining the environmental position, in the debate between
conservationism and the environmentalism.
Dr. Donella Meadows, using her previous studies on global, economic and social
trends, helped the scientific community understand the deterioration that was still a
topic of discussion in the 70s.
In spite of this, today the "virgin" land is still seen as a product capable of being
bought for the benefit mainly of the industry, which acquires the permits to build and
hoard the market of the country where it buys, investing its money. This investment
will be reflected after a few years after having consumed all possible markets and
following a purchase-sale gap in other parts of the world. Meadows reported that the
economy could stall natural growth.
Motivations
The human being, as it advances, is destroying the few and last remaining wild or
natural areas; it is extinguishing species of plants and animals; is losing valuable
germplasm of species and domestic varieties of plants and animals; It is polluting
the sea, air, soil and water, and the environment in general, seeing devastated
environments with losses of soil rich in nutrients suitable for reforestation.
The conservation of nature occurs for economic, scientific, cultural, ethical, social
and legal reasons.
A. For economic reasons: development with reasonable use of natural
resources is more profitable in the long term than, for example, deforestation
in areas where forests are used as a source of raw material. In this case, the
reforestation of forested areas owned by companies is considered viable.
C. Many areas must be conserved for cultural reasons, with the human
populations they contain. In the mountains, in the Amazon and in other parts
of the world, human groups have been developed with techniques and cultural
manifestations of great importance, which should not disappear. Music,
dance, language, architecture, handicrafts, historical remains, etc., are
important aspects of a country's wealth and are part of its heritage.
D. For ethical or moral reasons, man has no right to destroy his environment or
Biodiversity. The nature, the natural resources, the culture and in general the
whole environment are the patrimony of a nation and of the whole humanity.
Natural resources and the environment are the heritage of the nation, and the
State is in charge of conserving the common good, with the participation of
citizens.
E. For social reasons the conservation of the environment is also justified. The
looting of natural resources, pollution and the deterioration of the environment
have repercussions on human societies in the form of diseases, social
upheaval over access to land, space and food; and they are generators of
poverty and economic crisis.
F. The legal reasons that justify conservation are in the Political Constitution,
international treaties and legislation.
Environmental protection is key in the industrial world that inaugurated the 20th
century, since it constitutes one of the few obstacles to the economic ambition of the
human being and to his desire for transformation and commercialization of raw
materials, which usually entails disastrous consequences for the other forms of life,
when not for the human being himself.
C. Environmental Laws The punishment of those who damage the environment must
be exemplary, be it a company that dumps toxic waste into a lake, a home that
generates excess non-recyclable waste or the owner of a car that does not comply
with a minimum environmental regulation.