National Open University and Distance - UNAD - School: ECBTI Program: ELECTRONIC

ENGINEERING Course: THEORY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Code: 203058_1

Unit 1, 2 and 3 - Step 5

PRESENTED TO:

WILMER HERNAN GUTIERREZ

BY:

ANDRES FELIPE TRIANA

JORGE GARCIA BETANCUR
JOSE JUNIOR OCHOA
SANTIAGO SUPELANO
NATHALIA RAMIREZ

GROUP:

203058_1

NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY AND DISTANCE UNAD

CEAD José Acevedo y Gómez

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF BASIC SCIENCES

DECEMBER 2017
 National Open University and Distance - UNAD - School: ECBTI Program: ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING Course: THEORY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Code: 203058_1

INTRODUCTION

The following work contains the solution to the final exercises, in which

the knowledge obtained during the development of the course is put into

practice, for the solution of these is made use of the letter Smith version 4.0

Objective

1. Apply the official uses during the development of the course to solve

problems.

2. Solution of problems with respect to the subjects studied.

3. Integration and contributions of the members of the group that is a

fundamental part of the requirements of the UNAD learning model

 National Open University and Distance - UNAD - School: ECBTI Program: ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING Course: THEORY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Code: 203058_1

Activities to develop
In this activity, the group will have to solve some practical problems using as a
reference the image from the first activity.

This place represents a crop in a hill, where there is one set of sensors, used
to monitoring environmental conditions. The information collected will be sent
using electromagnetic waves to point E.

This place represents a crop in a faraway place, where there is one wireless
integrated sensor suite, used to analyze the soil properties.

This place represents a hill where there is a system, use to monitoring and
prevent soil erosion.
 National Open University and Distance - UNAD - School: ECBTI Program: ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING Course: THEORY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Code: 203058_1
This is a place used to raise fresh water fish, where a set of sensor is placed
deep into the water, in order to measure and control the water characteristics,
to guarantee high quality fish production.

This is a point, where the information from the point A, B, C and D, is received.

This is a place, where the communication equipment necessary to analyze the

information from the point E, is stored.

Taking into account the image and the explanation about each part of this,
solve the following problems:

1. If the signal frequency used to send the sensed parameters from the fish
pond to the reception point is 10Mhz. how deep could be placed the wireless
transmitter? How does the water behave at this frequency? Find Υ, 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝜆 and
𝑣𝑝. Explain how this values could be used in the practice.

2. In the point A, there is a sensor 30cm under the soil. What range of
frequency could be used to ensure the signal goes out to the free space?
explain your answer.

a. Select a frequency from the possible values and find the transmitted power
if the maximum electric field is 150V/m.

b. The group has to find the electromagnetic characteristics for the soil and
support the answer in an academic source.

3. As part of an academic research, a helicopter travels each month to take a

photo of soil erosion and analyze its changes in order to avoid damages in the
farmers’ production systems.
 National Open University and Distance - UNAD - School: ECBTI Program: ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING Course: THEORY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Code: 203058_1
a. The helicopter sends the information to a naval base located 800 m from
the coast. If the signal strikes in 20 m with an 35° angle over the sea before
it has been received by an antenna in the naval base. What should be the
antenna length to guarantee the signal reception? Is it possible to see a total
refraction or total reflection phenomenon in this communication system?
Explain.

4. Between the point E and F, there is a 75Ω lossless transmission line and
the antenna impedance is 𝑍𝐿=𝑅𝐿+𝑗𝑋𝐿

a. What must be the relation between 𝑅𝐿 and 𝑋𝐿 to guarantee a 3 on the SWR

in the line?

b. Find 𝑋𝐿 if 𝑅𝐿=100Ω

The impedance is 100 + j 100

The reflection coefficient is 0.512 and the angle is 46.051 °
The return losses are 5.81 dB
The standing wave ratio or VSWR is 3.10
 National Open University and Distance - UNAD - School: ECBTI Program: ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING Course: THEORY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Code: 203058_1
5. In the point B there is an antenna with a load impedance of 25+𝑗25Ω and
the transmission line is 50Ω. Find the length and position of a shorted-circuit
single stub made of a section of the same transmission line.

Use the software Smith Chart to validate the answer to the fourth and fifth
problems.

𝑍0 = 50Ω
𝑍𝐿 = 25 + 𝑗25Ω
𝑍𝐿
𝑍𝑛 =
𝑍0
25 𝐽25
𝑍𝑛 =
50 50
𝑍𝑛 = 0.5 + 𝑗. 05
 National Open University and Distance - UNAD - School: ECBTI Program: ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING Course: THEORY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
Code: 203058_1

The reflection coefficient is 0.447 and the angle is 118.307 °

The return losses are 6.99 dB
The standing wave ratio or VSWR is 2.62