You are on page 1of 7

STATISTIC FOR DESIGNERS

SSE 1293
PROF. MADYA DR ZALINA BT MOHD DAUD

ASSIGNMENT 1:
INTRODUCTION OF STATISTIC

MUHAMMAD SAFUWAN BIN MOHAMAD SANI


AD091455
AHMAD AZIMUDIN AZMI BIN ABDUL HAMID
AD091405
Source: AIDS cases and deaths, by year, until December 2001, in United States

Children <13 years old


Cases Deaths
diagnosed occurring
Year during interval during interval
Before 1981 8 1
1981 16 8
1982 31 13
1983 77 30
1984 121 52
1985 250 119
1986 340 167
1987 506 294
1988 618 322
1989 731 374
1990 814 400
1991 813 398
1992 952 425
1993 925 546
1994 820 586
1995 677 538
1996 511 428
1997 317 216
1998 224 120
1999 171 114
2000 101 66
2001 51 35
Total2 9,074 5,257

Type and variable


There are two types of data. First, qualitative data is the data that come in non-

numerical form while second type is the quantitative data that is numerical data.

However, quantitative data has two of data that is discrete data and continuous data.

Discrete data can only take specific numeric value while continuous data can take any

numerical values. So, from the data above, the type of data is continuous quantitative

data.
Variables are things that we measure, control, or manipulate in research. They

differ in many respects, most notably in the role they are given in our research and in

the type of measures that can be applied to them. Based on the data above, the

variable is cases diagnosed and death occurring during the interval.

Descriptive analysis

Descriptive statistic analysis refers to methods for summarizing the data. The

summaries usually consist of graphs and numbers such as average and percentages.

Basically, it has three main terms that we must know before we can

understand statistics. It was mean, median and mode. However,

variation and standard deviation also a part of them to make it more

detailed.

1. Mean

The first term “average” is something we have been familiar with

from a very early age when we start analyzing marks on a report

card. Adding up together all of the test results and then divide it

by the sum of the total numbers of marks there are.

For ungrouped data


For grouped data

2. Median

The middle value in the list is the median. It is a middle entry in

the list after sorting them in increasing order. If the totals of the

list are even, sum of the two middle numbers and then divided

by two to get the median.

(Example for ungrouped data)

Find the Median of: 8, 3, 44, 17, 12, 6 (Even amount of numbers)

Line up your numbers: 3, 6, 8, 12, 17, 44

Add the 2 middles numbers and divide by 2: 8 12 = 20 ÷ 2 = 10

The Median is 10.

Grouped data
3. Mode

The mode in a list of numbers refers to the list of numbers that

occur most frequently. A trick to remember this one is to

remember that mode starts with the same first two letters that

most does. Most frequently - Mode.

While for the grouped data, the mode is obtain using the formula:

In addition, standard deviation is also use in the statistic description. Standard

deviations are typically used in norm-referenced assessment to establish a scale for

determining the significance of differences between scores. These differences are

used to determine whether scores are average or significantly below or above average

Standard deviations are calculated by test developers. You can think of them as

"average differences" from what most people score on a test

Graphical Descriptive
The bar chart above shows the number of cases diagnosed and deaths

occurring from 1980 to 2001 in United States.

Population and sample

Population is the total set of subjects in which we are interested. A sample is

the subset of the population for whom we have data. Thus, the population of the data

above is people who have Aids mortality in the United State while the sample is

children below 13 years old until December 2001.

References

Website:
• http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats/hasr1302/table21.htm

• http://math.about.com/library/weekly/aa020502a.htm

Book:

• Statistic the art and science of learning from data, Alan Agresti and Christine
Franklin, Pearson, 2007.

• Basic statistic for sciences and education, Pearson, 2009.

You might also like