Emigration Effect on Country

According to the World Population Review (2019), most developing countries have more
population than in developed countries. As a result, undeveloped countries become lack of
sources such as food, clear water, and space to live. Because of this, some undeveloped countries
believe that emigration is one of the effective ways to solve the problem. An emigration is an act
of leaving one's own country to settle in other country and the motive of why people migrate can
be various (Emigration, 2019); it can be because they want to follow their family, they're looking
for a job or seeking for a better life. Based on the report of Migration and Migrant Population
Statistic (2019) which informs about European Union statistics on global migration, it says that
in 2017 there were 2.4 million people leaving their home countries and moving to states of EU.
With this high number of emigration, of course, there must be many several effects for the
country left by and people. These effects seen on the source of the country and citizens' welfare
are in demographic, economic, and social aspect.
The first aspect that affected by emigration is Demographic. “Demographic is a statistic of
a population and it covers the whole structure and distribution of death rate, birthrate, migration
and emigration” ("Demography", 2019). The effect of emigration to a country is double-edged
sword or it has both beneficial side and problematic side. For the beneficial side, Indonesia can
be an example; Indonesia is one of the most populated countries in the world and because of this,
Indonesia face problem such as lack of job opportunities. According to "Membuka Batas:
Mengapa Indonesia Perlu Kebijakan Migrasi yang Lebih Longgar?" (2019) to solve this
problem, the Indonesian government creates migration policy and allows people to work
overseas. The advantages that can be taken from this are Indonesian who work in other countries
can increase their income, fulfill their family needs and their own, and bring prosperity to their
families. In conclusion, emigration can help to solve a problem caused by overpopulation. For
the troublesome effect, take Japan as an example; According to (Johnson, 2019) emigration is
one the reasons why Japan has a low population. People from Japan moved or migrate to other
countries to seek opportunity. If the Japanese keep this up, it could lead to a major problem in the
future. To conclude, the Emigration effect can be a bummer for a country with a population
problem like Japan.
Another effect that is given by emigration is in economic aspect for the sending country. In
fact, by sending urban workers can help to increase national income for the country. It is because
the wages of the workers are paid in a higher currency which most developed countries have and
then they will exchange the currency that makes national income increase. The real example is
Indonesian Migrant Workers or TKI (Tenaga Kerja Indonesia) who is sent by the government to
work in such developed countries such as Malaysia, Singapore, and Arab. Seeing a lot of number
of migrant workers, they, the workers, considered as 'Hero' for national income in Indonesia
(Vardo Jody, 2017). Besides, they have a better life after working as TKI such as economic
welfare coming from high salary they get then working in Indonesia. Another positive effect in
economic aspect is people having been sent to other country apply what they have got into the
home country. It means, they must get several experiences and new knowledge that can be
shared or apply it to open such as a facility for people who need it. Gojek is one of the examples
of it. Nadiem Markarim as the CEO of Gojek was inspired by Uber in the United State of
America when he studied at Harvard. Then he decided to make his version Uber named Gojek in
Indonesia. Amazingly, it opens a job for Indonesian people and helps to decrease the number of
unemployment.
The last aspect is the social relations with other countries. Emigration could affect social
relations with other countries. The effect formed when the countries make some regulation and
rules about emigration and emigrants. The agreement will make some rules to protect and
legalize Emigrant. When emigrants feel safe and protected, the relations between countries will
be stronger and enhance their reputation. At the same time when countries have good and strong
relations, there will be other cooperation work besides emigration, such as advancing technology,
conducting research (Ohndorf W, 1989). For example, cooperation work between Indonesia and
China to build MRT in Jakarta. Aside from advancing and enhance each country, emigration also
promotes world peace. The spread of world peace can be initiated through cultural exchange. It
because cultural exchange can make some of the tolerance.
After all the effect explained, it can be said that emigration can be a solution to solve
overpopulation issues and gives advantages for countries. However, from the aspect of
demography, it can be both good and bad depends on the countries. It can be advantageous if a
country has more population to send outside. If a country already has a stable population,
emigration can be a nightmare because it can decrease its inhabitant. In the economic aspect,
emigration becomes one of the country's revenues sources by sending urban workers. Besides as
a country’s revenue sources, sending urban workers can help in advancing countries technology
and workers resource. Aside from demography and economy aspects, emigration can affect the
social relations with countries through made some rules and agreement about emigration and
emigrant. When making an agreement together, both sending and receiving countries will
enhance their relations and planning more cooperation work together. Emigration can effect
some of the aspect in the world. But, is it really effective to solve the overpopulation problem?
 Reference

Asch, Beth J. & Courtland, R.(1994) Emigration and Its Effects on the Sending Country.
Retrieved from: https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR244.html
Demography. (2015). Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 05:25, April 12, 2019 from
https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demography&oldid=5123210.
Emigration. (2019, February 1). Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 09:05, April 12,
2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emigration&oldid=881238168
Eurospat. (2019). Migration and Migrants population statistics.
Johnson, J. (2018). Emigration — not immigration — one of top Japanese concerns amid
shrinking population: Pew poll | The Japan Times. Retrieved from
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/11/13/national/emigration-not-immigration-
one-top-japanese-concerns-amid-shrinking-population-pew-poll/#.XLAgbegza01
Membuka Batas: Mengapa Indonesia Perlu Kebijakan Migrasi yang Lebih Longgar?. (2017).
Retrieved from https://indonesia.fnst.org/content/membuka-batas-mengapa-indonesia-
perlu-kebijakan-migrasi-yang-lebih-longgar
Ohndorf W. (1989). Social effects of migration in receiving countries. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12315893
Vardo, Jordy.2017.Qureta: Peran TKI dalam meningkatkan devisa negara . Retrieved from
https://www.qureta.com/post/peran-tki-dalam-meningkatkan-devisa-negara
World Population Review. (2019). World population by countries. Retrieved from
http://worldpopulationreview.com