UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA

School of Mathematics
Main Series UG Examination 2016–17

ADVANCED MATHEMATICS
MTHB0003B

Time allowed: 2 Hours

Attempt TWO questions from EACH section.

Notes are not permitted in this examination.

Do not turn over until you are told to do so by the Invigilator.

MTHB0003B Module Contact: Glyn Warnes, MTH

Copyright of the University of East Anglia Version: 2
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SECTION A

1. (i) A fitness centre is monitoring the progress of 150 members. They all do at least
one of three forms of aerobic exercise; running (R), swimming (S) and cycling (C).
45 only run, 20 only swim and 33 only cycle. Altogether, 82 members run and 67
swim. 15 members run and cycle and may or may not swim.

(a) Confirm that 10 members do all three exercises. [2 marks]

(b) Represent the data on a Venn diagram, ensuring every region contains a num-
ber. [4 marks]

(c) How many members cycle but don’t swim? [2 marks]

(d) Find n(C ∩ S 0 ∩ R0 ) and describe this set in words. [2 marks]

(e) Write in set notation: the set of members who swim or cycle but don’t run.
[2 marks]

(ii) Determine by diagrams or otherwise whether or not the general set expression
(A ∪ B) ∩ C equals A ∪ (B ∩ C) .

(iii) Prove by induction that, for all Natural numbers n :

(a) f (n) = 5n + 8n + 3 is divisible by 4, [4 marks]

 n  
3 −2 2n + 1 −2n
(b) = . [4 marks]
2 −1 2n 1 − 2n

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2. Functions f : R → R and g : R → R are defined as

f : x → x2 − 2x + 1, x ∈ R and g : x → x2 − 2x − 3, x ∈ R.
f (x)
(i) A curve has equation y = , x ∈ R : x 6= a, x 6= b , where a and b are constants
g(x)
to be found.
f (x)
(a) Sketch the graph of y = , x ∈ R : x 6= a, x 6= b labelling intercepts and
g(x)
asymptotes clearly, and stating the values of a and b . [8 marks]

(b) From the graph or otherwise, find the set of real numbers which fit the inequal-
f (x)
ity > 0. [2 marks]
g(x)
g(x)
(c) Write down the equations of the asymptotes of the graph of y = , x ∈ R.
f (x)
[2 marks]

(ii) Let h(x) = gf (x), x ∈ R : x ≥ 2

(a) Calculate gf (2) and the range of y = gf (x) . [3 marks]

(b) Find h−1 (60) . [3 marks]

(c) State domain and range of the inverse function h−1 (x) . [2 marks]

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3. (i) The function f : R → R is defined by

f : x → (1 + sin x)e2x .

(a) Using the standard Maclaurin expansion for sin X and eX , or otherwise, write
down the first three terms in the expansion of f (x) . These terms are also the
first three terms in the Binomial expansion of (1 + ax)n , −1 ≤ ax ≤ 1 . Find
the values of a and n . [8 marks]

(b) Find the first three terms in the Maclaurin expansion of (1 + sinh x)e2x .
[2 marks]

(ii) (a) Express 10 sinh x − 2 cosh x in the form Aex + Be−x , where A, B ∈ Q .
Hence or otherwise, solve the equation

tanh x = 0.2,

leaving your answer in log form. [6 marks]

(b) Find the exact gradient of the curve

y = 10 cosh x − 2 sinh x

at the point where x = log 2 . [4 marks]

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SECTION B

4. Water is draining from a tank. The depth of water in the tank is initially 1 metre,
and after t minutes the depth is y metres.
The depth is first modelled by the differential equation

dy √
= −k y(1 + 0.1 cos (25t)),
dt

where k is a constant.

(i) Solve the differential equation to find y in terms of t and k . [8 marks]

(ii) If the depth of water is 0.5 m after 1 minute, show that k = 0.586 correct to three
significant figures. Hence calculate the depth of water after 2 minutes. [8 marks]

(iii) What does the model predict for the depth of water in the longer term? Comment
on the suitability of the model. [2 marks]

(iv) After one minute, running repairs are made to the tank to slow the rate of water
loss. Suggest one way the modelling equation for y might consequently change.
[2 marks]

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λ 2 3 1
5. (i) The matrices A and B are defined by A= and B=
4 λ 2 3

Show that there is a value of λ for which A + B + AB = µ I, where µ is an

integer and I is the 2x2 identity matrix, and state the corresponding value of λ .
[4 marks]

(ii) The 3x3 matrices P and Q satisfy

   
k 8 1 k 6 8
PQ=  1 1 0 , where P=  0 1 2 .
1 4 0 −3 4 8
(a) Show that PQ is non-singular. [4 marks]

(b) .Find (PQ)−1 in terms of k . [4 marks]

(c) Find Q−1 . [4 marks]

(iii) Matrix C is defined by

 
1 x x2
C= 1 y y 2  .
1 z z2

Factorise det(C) as the product of three linear factors. [4 marks]

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−2 c
6. (i) The matrix A is defined by A = , where c and d are constants.
d 3
Given that the image of the point (5, 2) under the transformation represented by
matrix A is (−2, 1) , find the values of c and d .
[3 marks]
 √ √ 
(ii) The matrix B is defined by B = √2 √2
− 2 2
(a) Show that B 4 = kI , where k is an integer and I is the 2x2 identity matrix.
[2 marks]

(b) Describe the transformation represented by the matrix B as a combination of

two simpler geometrical transformations. [3 marks]

(c) Find the matrix B 17 . [2 marks]

(iii) Let {i, j, k} denote a set of orthonormal vectors. The vectors

a = i + 2j − k , b = 3i + 4j + 2k , c = −i + 4k

represent position vectors, with components in metres, of the points A , B , C

respectively, relative to the origin O .
Find:
−→ −−→
(a) AC × BC ; [4 marks]

(b) the area of the triangle ABC ; [3 marks]

(c) a vector normal to the plane ABC , and hence or otherwise an equation for
the plane ABC . [3 marks]

END OF PAPER

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