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Design and Analysis for Transverse Frame Grid C due to Vertical Loads

For Roof Beams Loads

DEAD LOAD
G.I. Sheet (Metal Roofing) (Per Roof Slope Area) ------------------------ 0.15 kPa
Converting the G.I. Sheet load to load per horizontal surface:
Length of Truss Sloping = √72 + 1.52 = 7.159 m

0.15 kPa (7.159 m) / 7m = 0.1534 kPa per Horizontal Area

Ceiling Load plus Wood Furring Suspension


System (NSCP 2015, Table 204-2)-------------------------------------------- 0.12 kPa
Roof Framing --------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.30 kPa
MEP ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------0.1 kPa
LIVE LOAD
Roof Live Load (NSCP 2015 Table 205-3) ----------------------------------0.6 kPa

Total Vertical Load Carried by Beam = 0.1534 + 0.12 + 0.3 + 0.6


Total Vertical Load Carried by Beam, Wp = 1.1734 kPa

1.1734 kPa 1.1734 kPa

1.1734 kPa 1.1734 kPa

For member 1-2 of Frame C-C – Roof Beam, the Load is:
(Wp)S 3−m (1.1734)(5) 3−(5/7)
W= ( )x 2= ( ) x2 = 4.47 kN/m (Uniform Loading)
3 2 3 2

For member 2-3 of Frame C-C – Roof Beam, the Load is:
(Wp)S 3−m (1.1734)(5) 3−(5/7)
W= 3
(2
)x 2= 3
( 2
)x 2 = 4.47 kN/m (Uniform Loading)
For Floor Beams Loads
DEAD LOAD
Slab Load:
Slab Minimum Thickness = P/180 = (7000+5000)(2)/180 = 133.33mm, say 150 mm
Unit Weight of Reinforced Concrete = 23.6 kN/m3
Slab Load = 23.6 kN/m3(0.15m) ------------------------------------------ 3.54 kPa
Interior Partition ------------------------------------------------------------ 1.0 kPa
Ceiling Load plus Wood Furring Suspension
System (NSCP 2015, Table 204-2)---------------------------------------- 0.12 kPa
Floor Finish --------------------------------------------------------------------1.1 kPa
MEP -----------------------------------------------------------------------------0.1 kPa
150 mm CHB ------------------------------------------------------------------3.11 kN/m per m height
LIVE LOAD
Floor Live Load (NSCP 2015 Table 205-3) ----------------------------1.9 kPa

Vertical Surface Load Carried by Beam = 3.54 + 1.0 + 0.12 + 1.1 + 0.1 + 1.9
Vertical Surface Carried by Beam, Wp = 7.76 kPa

Line Load = 3.11 x Height from 2nd Floor to Roof Beam


Line Load = 3.11 x 3.5 = 10.885 kN/m

7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa

7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa

For member 1-2 and 2-3 of Frame C-C – Floor Beam, the Load is:
(Wp)S 3−m (7.76)(5) 3−(5/7)
W= 3
(2
)x 2= 3
( 2
)x 2 = 29.56 kN/m (Uniform Loading)

W2 = 10.885 kN/m (Line Load)

WT = 29.56+10.89 = 40.45 kN/m


𝑊2 𝐿2
FEMBE = -
12

40.45(7)2
FEMBE = - 12
= - 165.17 kNm

𝑊2 𝐿2
FEMEB = 12

40.45(7)2
FEMEB = 12
= 165.17 kNm

𝑊2 𝐿2
FEMEH = - 12

40.45(7)2
FEMEH = - 12
= - 165.17 kNm

𝑊2 𝐿2
FEMHE =
12

25.67(7)2
FEMHE = 12
= 165.17 kNm

𝑊2 𝐿2 4.47(7)2
FEMCD = - 12
=- 12
= -18.25 kNm

𝑊2 𝐿2 4.47(7)2
FEMDC = = = 18.25 kNm
12 12

𝑊2 𝐿2 4.47(7)2
FEMDG = - 12
=- 12
= -18.25 kNm

𝑊2 𝐿2 4.47(7)2
FEMGD = 12
= 12
= 18.25 kNm
Design and Analysis for Transverse Frame Grid C due to Wind Load

Determination of Wind Load for Walls


Directional Procedure from “Section 207C: Envelope Procedure for low rise building – Wind load
on MWFRS will be used in determining the wind load for acting on walls.

Basic Wind Speed (NSCP 2015 Fig. 207A.5-1A) 250 kph / 69.444 m/s
Directionality Factor Kd (NSCP 2015 Table 20A.6-1) 0.85
Exposure Category Section 207A.7 B
Height (Up to the firewall) 9.8 m
Velocity Pressure Exposure Coefficient Kh
0.71
(2015 Table 207C.3-1, By Interpolation)
Topographic Factor Kzt (NSCP 2015 Section 207A.8.2) 1
Velocity Pressure qh=0.613KzKztKdV2, V in m/s (207B.3-1)
qh =0.613(0.71)(1)(0.85)(69.444)2
qh =1784.07 N/m2
Internal Pressure Coefficient GCpi (Table 207A.11-1) -0.18/+0.18
External Pressure Coefficient GCp, (NSCP 2015, Fig. 207C.4-1, By Interpolation)

Note: Minimum Design Wind Speed shall not be less than 0.77 kPa acting in either direction
normal to the Surface

External pressure Coefficient for MWFRS – Case A (Transverse Direction)

ZONE
ANGLE
1 2 3 4 1E 2E 3E 4E
5 0.4 -0.69 -0.37 -0.29 0.61 -1.07 -0.53 -0.43
12.09 0.46 -0.69 -0.42 -0.36 0.70 -1.07 -0.61 -0.53
20 0.53 -0.69 -0.48 -0.43 0.8 -1.07 -0.69 -0.64

For wind load on walls, the average pressure on zone 1 and 1E and 4 and 4E will be used. The
total pressure on Walls Pnet will be the total wind load acting on the walls.
Wind Pressure Normal to Wall = qh [GCPf –(GCPi)] 207C.4-1
Value of “a”: From the NSCP Notation, the value of a should be 10% of the least horizontal
dimension or 0.4h, whichever is lesser.

Least horizontal Dimension of the Building = 14 m


Height up to which the wind load act = 9.8 m
a = 14(10%) = 1.4 m
a = 0.4(9.8) = 3.92 m
Use “a” = 1.4 m

Zone 1: (GCPi = -0.18)


P = qh [GCPf –(GCPi)]
P = 1784.07[0.46–(-0.18)]
P = 1141.80 N/m2
Zone 1E: (GCPi = -0.18)
P = qh [GCPf –(GCPi)]
P = 1784.07[0.70–(-0.18)]
P = 1569.98 N/m2

Average of Zone 1 and 1E (Pave1)


= [P1(Distance Occupied by P1) + P1E (Distance Occupied by P1E)] / DT
= [1141.80 (25 – 2a(2)) + 1569.98 (2a(2))]/ 25
= [1141.80 (25 – 2(1.4)(2)) + 1569.98 (2(1.4)(2))]/25
= 1237.71 N/m2

Zone 4: (GCPi = -0.18)


P = qh [GCPf –(GCPi)]
P = 1784.07[-0.36–(-0.18)]
P = -321.13 N/m2
Zone 4E: (GCPi = -0.18)
P = qh [GCPf –(GCPi)]
P = 1784.07[-0.53–(-0.18)]
P = -624.42 N/m2

Average of Zone 4 and 4E (Pave2)


= [P1(Distance Occupied by P1) + P1E (Distance Occupied by P1E)] / DT
= [-321.13 (25 – 2a(2)) + (-624.42) (2a(2))]/ 25
= [-321.13 (25 – 2(1.4)(2)) + (-624.42) (2(1.4)(2))]/ 25
= -389.07 N/m2

Pnet = (Pave1) - (Pave2)


Pnet = 1237.71 – (-389.07)
Pnet = 1626.78 N/m2
P1 = Pnet (Tributary Area)
P1 = 1626.78 N/m2 (3.25 m x 5 m)
P1 = 26435.18 N
P1 = 26.44 kN

P2 = Pnet (Tributary Area)


P2 = 1626.78 N/m2 (4.15 m x 5 m)
P2 = 33755.69 N
P2 = 33.76 kN

Since the frame is subjected only to wind, this load creates a sway on the frame. The frame can be
analyzed by performing moment distribution on two cases; sway prevented at C, and sway prevented at
B.
Assume FEMAB = 100 kNm
The moment creates counterclockwise rotation, thus;

FEMAB = FEMBA = FEMFE = FEMEF = FEMIH = FEMHI = -100 kNm

6EI∆ 6EI∆
FEMAB = = ; ∆ = FEMAB (4.82)/6EI
𝐿(𝐴𝐵)2 4.82

6EI∆ 6EI∆
FEMBC = = ; ∆ = FEMBC (3.52)/6EI
𝐿(𝐵𝐶)2 3.52

Equating both equation for ∆

FEMAB (4.82)/6EI = FEMBC (3.52)/6EI


𝐹𝐸𝑀𝐴𝐵 4..82 (100)4.82
FEMBC = 3.52
= 3.52
= 188.08 kNm

The moment creates clockwise rotation, thus;


FEMBC = FEMCB = FEMED = FEMDE = FEMGH = FEMHG = 188.08 kNm

For member BC
∑ 𝑀𝐶 = 0
70.78 + 120.16 – RB (3.5) = 0
RB = 54.58 kN

For member ED
∑ 𝑀𝐷 = 0
117.08 + 138.62 – RE (3.5) = 0
RE = 73.06 kN

For member HG
∑ 𝑀𝐺 = 0
70.78 + 120.16 – RH (3.5) = 0
RH = 54.58 kN

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0
(Q2-1) + 54.58 + 73.06 + 54.58 = 0
(Q2-1) = - 182.22 kN
For member AB
∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0
-109.24 – 104.51 – RA (4.8) = 0
RA = -44.53 kN

For member FE
∑ 𝑀𝐸 = 0
-113.67 – 106.68 – RF (4.8) = 0
RF = -45.91 kN

For member IH
∑ 𝑀𝐻 = 0
-109.24 – 104.51 – RH (4.8) = 0
RH = -44.53 kN

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0
(Q1-1) – 118.22 + RA + RF + RI= 0
(Q1-1) – 118.22 + (-44.53)+ (-45.91) + (-44.53)= 0
(Q1-1) = 317.19 kN
Assume FEMBC = 100 kNm
The moment creates counterclockwise rotation, thus;

FEMBC = FEMCB = FEMED = FEMDE= FEMGH = FEMHG = -100 kNm

From the distribution:

For member BC
∑ 𝑀𝐶 = 0
(-33.38) + (-43.87) – RB (3.5) = 0
RB = -22.07 kN

For member ED
∑ 𝑀𝐷 = 0
(-56.48) + (-59.23) – RE (3.5) = 0
RE = -33.06 kN

For member HG
∑ 𝑀𝐺 = 0
(-33.38) + (-43.87) – RB (3.5) = 0
RH = -22.07 kN

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0
(Q2-2) + RB + RE + RH= 0
(Q2-2) + (-22.07)+ (-33.06) + (-22.07)= 0
(Q2-2) = 77.20 Kn
For member AB
∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0
22.09+ 11.06 – RA (4.8) = 0
RA = 6.95 kN

For member FE
∑ 𝑀𝐸 = 0
18.58 + 9.19 – RF (4.8) = 0
RF = 5.79 kN

For member IH
∑ 𝑀𝐻 = 0
22.09+ 11.06 – RH (4.8) = 0
RH = 6.95 kN

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0
(Q1-2) + 77.20 + RA + RF + RI= 0
(Q1-2) + 77.20 + (6.95)+ (5.79) + (6.95)= 0
(Q1-2) = -96.88 kN

Determine the constants C1 and C2 from the formula:

(Q2-1)C1 + (Q2-2)C2 = P1
(-182.26)C1 + (77.20)C2 = 26.44 -----eq. 1

(Q1-1)C1 + (Q1-2)C2 = P2
(317.19)C1 + (-96.88)C2 = 33.76 -----eq. 2

Solving simultaneously:
C1 = 0.756
C2 = 2.127
SUMMARY OF END MOMENTS ON FRAME C-C
Member Due to Wind Load
Moment A Moment B C1MA C2MB Corrected Due to
(Restrained (Restrained B) (C1 = 0.756) (C1 = 0.756) Moment Vertical
C) kN kN kN C1MA+ C2MB Load
kN kN
AB -104.51 11.06 -79.04 23.53 -55.50 28.11
BA -109.24 22.29 -82.61 47.41 -35.20 56.24
BE -10.92 21.59 -8.26 45.92 37.67 -126.60
BC 120.16 -43.87 90.87 -93.34 -2.47 70.36
CB 70.87 -33.38 53.59 -71.00 -17.41 25.02
CD -70.87 33.38 -53.59 71.00 17.41 -25.02
DC -58.54 28.24 -44.27 60.07 15.80 14.87
DE 117.08 -56.48 88.54 -120.15 -31.61 0.00
DG -58.54 28.24 -44.27 60.07 15.80 -14.87
ED 138.62 -59.23 104.83 -126.00 -21.17 0.00
EB -12.47 20.32 -9.43 43.24 33.80 184.45
EH -12.47 20.32 -9.43 43.24 33.80 -184.45
EF -113.67 18.58 -85.96 39.52 -46.44 0.00
GD -70.87 33.38 -53.59 71.00 17.41 25.02
GH 70.87 -33.38 53.59 -71.00 -17.41 -25.02
HG 120.16 -43.87 90.8 -93.34 -2.47 -70.36
HE -10.92 21.59 -8.26 45.92 37.67 126.60
HI -109.24 22.29 -82.61 47.41 -35.20 -56.24
IH -104.51 11.06 -79.04 23.53 -55.50 -28.11
FE -106.68 9.19 -80.68 19.56 -61.12 0.00
Design and Analysis for Longitudinal Frame Grid 2 due to Vertical Loads

For Roof Beams Loads

DEAD LOAD
Ceiling Load plus Wood Furring Suspension
System (NSCP 2015, Table 204-2)-------------------------------------------- 0.12 kPa
MEP ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------0.10 kPa
LIVE LOAD
Roof Live Load (NSCP 2015 Table 205-3) ----------------------------------0.6 kPa

Total Vertical Load Carried by Beam = 0.12+ 0.6


Total Vertical Load Carried by Beam, Wp = 0.72 kPa

Reaction from truss: P = RDL + RLL = 15.31 + 17.18 = 32.49 kN (From truss analysis)

0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa

0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa

For member of Frame C-C – Roof Beam, the Load is:


(Wp)S (0.72)(5)
W= 3
x 2= 3
x2 = 2.4 kN/m (Uniform Loading)

For Floor Beams Loads


DEAD LOAD
Slab Load:
Slab Minimum Thickness = P/180 = (7000+5000)(2)/180 = 133.33mm, say 150 mm
Unit Weight of Reinforced Concrete = 23.6 kN/m3
Slab Load = 23.6 kN/m3(0.15m) ------------------------------------------ 3.54 kPa
Interior Partition ------------------------------------------------------------ 1.0 kPa
Ceiling Load plus Wood Furring Suspension
System (NSCP 2015, Table 204-2)---------------------------------------- 0.12 kPa
Floor Finish --------------------------------------------------------------------1.1 kPa
MEP -----------------------------------------------------------------------------0.1 kPa
150 mm CHB ------------------------------------------------------------------3.11 kN/m per m height
LIVE LOAD
Floor Live Load (NSCP 2015 Table 205-3) ----------------------------1.9 kPa
Vertical Surface Load Carried by Beam = 3.54 + 1.0 + 0.12 + 1.1 + 0.1 + 1.9
Vertical Surface Carried by Beam, Wp = 7.76 kPa

Line Load = 3.11 x Height from 2nd Floor to Roof Beam


Line Load = 3.11 x 3.5 = 10.885 kN/m

7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa

7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa

For member 1-2 and 2-3 of Frame C-C – Floor Beam, the Load is:
(Wp)S (7.76)(5)
W= 3
x2= 3
x 2 = 25.87 kN/m (Uniform Loading)

W2 = 10.885 kN/m (Line Load)

WT = 25.87+10.89 = 36.76 kN/m


W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMBE = =- =- = -76.58 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMEB = = = 76.58 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMEH =- 12
=- 12
= -76.58 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMHE = = = 76.58 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMHK =- 12
=- 12
= -76.58 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMKH = 12
= 12
= 76.58 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMKN =- 12
=- 12
= -76.58 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMNK = = = 76.58 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMNQ =- 12
=- 12
= -76.58 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 36.76(5)2
FEMQN = = = 76.58 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMCD =- 12
- 8
=- 12
- 8
= -25.31 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMDC = + = + = 25.31 kN-m
12 8 12 8
W(𝐿) 2 P𝐿 2.4(5) 2 32.49(5)
FEMDG =- 12 - 8 = - 12 - 8 = -25.31 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMGD = 12
+ 8
= 12
+ 8
= 25.31 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMGJ =- 12
- 8
=- 12
- 8
= -25.31 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMJG = 12
+ 8
= 12
+ 8
= 25.31 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMJM =- 12
- 8
=- 12
- 8
= -25.31 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMMJ = 12
+ 8
= 12
+ 8
= 25.31 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMMP =- 12
- 8
=- 12
- 8
= -25.31 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 2.4(5)2 32.49(5)


FEMPM = + = + = 25.31 kN-m
12 8 12 8
SUMMARY OF END MOMENTS ON FRAME 2

Member End Moments (kN-m)


AB 11.22
BA 22.48
BE -56.22
BC 33.75
CB 21.26
CD -21.26
DC 27.27
DE -1.86
DG -25.42
ED -3.55
EB 84.93
EH -78.85
EF -2.52
GD 25.20
GJ -25.34
GH 0.14
HG 0.41
HE 75.68
HI 0.33
HK -76.42
JG 25.34
JM -25.20
JK -0.14
KJ -0.41
KH 76.42
KL -0.33
KN -75.68
MJ 25.42
MP -27.27
MN 1.86
NM 3.55
NK 78.85
NO 2.52
NQ -84.93
PM 21.26
PQ -21.26
QP -33.75
QN 56.22
QR -22.48
RQ -11.22
IH 0.15
LK -0.15
ON 1.27
FE -1.27
Analysis for l Frame Grid 3 due to Vertical Loads

For Roof Beams Loads

DEAD LOAD
Ceiling Load plus Wood Furring Suspension
System (NSCP 2015, Table 204-2)-------------------------------------------- 0.12 kPa
MEP ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------0.10 kPa
LIVE LOAD
Roof Live Load (NSCP 2015 Table 205-3) ----------------------------------0.6 kPa

Total Vertical Load Carried by Beam = 0.12+ 0.6


Total Vertical Load Carried by Beam, Wp = 0.72 kPa

Reaction from truss: P = RDL + RLL = 2.85 + 3.19 = 6.04 kN (From truss analysis)

,,,
0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa 0.72 kPa

For member of Frame 3-3 – Roof Beam, the Load is:


(Wp)S (0.72)(5)
W= = = 1.2 kN/m (Uniform Loading)
3 3

For Floor Beams Loads

DEAD LOAD
Slab Load:
Slab Minimum Thickness = P/180 = (7000+5000)(2)/180 = 133.33mm, say 150 mm
Unit Weight of Reinforced Concrete = 23.6 kN/m3
Slab Load = 23.6 kN/m3(0.15m) ------------------------------------------ 3.54 kPa
Interior Partition ------------------------------------------------------------ 1.0 kPa
Ceiling Load plus Wood Furring Suspension
System (NSCP 2015, Table 204-2)---------------------------------------- 0.12 kPa
Floor Finish --------------------------------------------------------------------1.1 kPa
MEP -----------------------------------------------------------------------------0.1 kPa
150 mm CHB ------------------------------------------------------------------3.11 kN/m per m height
LIVE LOAD
Floor Live Load (NSCP 2015 Table 205-3) ----------------------------1.9 kPa
Vertical Surface Load Carried by Beam = 3.54 + 1.0 + 0.12 + 1.1 + 0.1 + 1.9
Vertical Surface Carried by Beam, Wp = 7.76 kPa

Line Load = 3.11 x Height from 2nd Floor to Roof Beam


Line Load = 3.11 x 3.5 = 10.885 kN/m

7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa 7.76 kPa

For Frame C-C – Floor Beam, the Load is:


(Wp)S (7.76)(5)
W= = = 12.93 kN/m (Uniform Loading)
3 3

W2 = 10.885 kN/m (Line Load)

WT = 12.93+10.89 = 23.82 kN/m


W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMBE = - =- = -49.63 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMEB = = = 49.63 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMEH =- 12
=- 12
= -49.63 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMHE = = = 49.63 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMHK =- 12
=- 12
= -49.63 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMKH = 12
=- 12
= 49.63 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMKN =- 12
=- 12
= -49.63 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMNK = = = 49.63 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMNQ =- 12
=- 12
= -49.63 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 23.82(5)2
FEMQN = = = 49.63 kN-m
12 12

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMCD =- 12
- 8
=- 12
- 8
= -6.28 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMDC = + =+ + = 6.28 kN-m
12 8 12 8

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMDG =- 12
- 8
=- 12
- 8
= -6.28 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMGD = 12
+ 8
=+ 12
+ 8
= 6.28 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMGJ =- 12
- 8
=- 12
- 8
= -6.28 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMJG = + =+ + = 6.28 kN-m
12 8 12 8

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMJM =- - =- - = -6.28 kN-m
12 8 12 8

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMMJ = 12
+ 8
=+ 12
+ 8
= 6.28 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMMP =- 12
- 8
=- 12
- 8
= -6.28 kN-m

W(𝐿)2 P𝐿 1.2(5)2 6.04(5)


FEMPM = 12
+ 8
=+ 12
+ 8
= 6.28 kN-m
SUMMARY OF END MOMENTS ON FRAME 2

Member End Moments (kN-m)


AB 7.78
BA 15.59
BE -35.57
BC 19.98
CB 7.89
CD -7.89
DC 5.99
DE -0.31
DG -5.68
ED -2.11
EB 55.30
EH -51.31
EF -1.88
GD 6.44
GJ -6.37
GH -0.07
HG 0.25
HE 48.98
HI 0.27
HK -49.50
JG 6.37
JM -6.44
JK 0.07
KJ -0.25
KH 49.50
KL -0.27
KN -48.98
MJ 5.68
MP -5.99
MN 0.31
NM 2.11
NK 51.31
NO 1.88
NQ -55.30
PM 7.89
PQ -7.89
QP -19.98
QN 35.57
QR -15.59
RQ -7.78
IH 0.13
LK -0.13
ON 0.94
FE -0.94
DESIGN OF BEAMS
DESIGN OF BEAMS – ROOF BEAM 1 (RB-1)
(Roof Beam is not Braces against lateral buckling)
Members to be Considered: Frame C-C, Member CD & member DG

Length = 7000 mm

For Beam CD
Mc MD
End Moment:
7000 mm
Due to Vertical Load
MC = -25.02 kNm
MD = 14.87 kNm
Due to Wind load
MC = 17.41 kNm
MD = 15.80 kNm
Maximum End Moment
MC = -25.02 + 17.41 = -8.41 kNm
MD = 14.87 + 15.80 = 31.30 kNm

For Beam DG
MD MG
End Moment: 7000 mm
Due to Vertical Load
MDG = -14.87 kNm
MGD = 25.02 kNm
Due to Wind load
MDG = 15.80 kNm
MGD = 17.41 kNm
Maximum End Moment
MDG = -14.87 + 15.80 = 0.93 kNm
MGD = 25.02 + 17.41 = 42.43 kNm (Governs)

Design the Roof Beam 2 using the Maximum Moment


Design Moment:
M = 42.43 kNm

Using A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa


Assume compact section
𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏
42.43 𝑥 10^6 42.43 𝑥 10^6
Sx = 0.66𝐹𝑦
= 0.66(248) = 259.23 x 103 mm3

Try W16 x 31

W16 x 31
A= 5890.31 mm.^2 Ix = 156086784.60 mm^4
d= 403.86 mm Sx = 773469.42 mm^3
tw = 6.99 mm rx = 162.81 mm
bf = 140.46 mm Iy = 5161269.68 mm^4
tf = 11.18 mm Sy = 73577.92 mm.^3
rt = 35.31 mm ry = 29.72 mm
31
Weight = (3.28) = 46.22 kg/m = 46.22(9.81/1000) = 0.453 kN/m
2.2

0.38(72 )
Additional End Moment = = 1.85 kNm
12

Total Design Moment = 42.43 + 1.85 = 44.28 kNm

Check for Sx required;

𝑀
Sx =
𝐹𝑏

Calculation of Fb :

Lb = 7000

Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(M1/M2)+0.3(M1/M2)2;

M1 = 44.28 kNm, M2 = 0.93-1.85 = -0.92 kNm

Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(-0.92/44.28)+0.3(-0.92/44.28)2 = 1.73

LC = 200bf/√Fy = = 200(140.46)/√248 = 1783.84 mm

LU = 137900bftf/Fyd = 137900(140.46)(11.18)/(248x403.86) = 2162.10 mm

Lc < Lb > Lu

L / rt = 7000/35.31 = 198.24

703270𝐶𝑏 703270(1.73)
√ 𝐹𝑦
=√ 248
= 70.04

3516330𝐶𝑏 3516330(1.73)
√ 𝐹𝑦
= 248
= 156.62

703270𝐶𝑏 3516330𝐶𝑏
√ 𝐹𝑦
< L/rt > √ 𝐹𝑦

Fb = 1172100Cb/(L/rt)2 = 1172100(1.73)/(198.24)2 = 51.59 MPa

82740𝐶𝑏 82740(1.73)
Fb = 𝐿𝑑/𝑏𝑓𝑡𝑓 = 7000(403.86)/(143.46 𝑥 11.18) = 81.21 MPa

Fb = 0.6Fy = 0.6(248) = 148.8 MPa

Use Fb = 81.21 MPa

44.28𝑋106
Sx = 81.21
= 545253.05 mm3 < 773469.42 mm3, OK

∴ Adopt W16 x 31 Flange Section for RB-1


DESIGN OF BEAMS – ROOF BEAM 2 (RB-2)

Members to be Considered: Frame 2-2, Member CD, DG, GJ, JM, MP


(Roof Beam is not Braces against lateral buckling)
Length = 5000 mm

For Beam CD 32.49 kN


End Moment:
MC = -21.26 kNm
MD = 27.27 kNm MC MD
5000 mm

For Beam DG Typical Roof Beam on Frame 2-2


End Moment:
MD = -25.42 kNm
MG = 25.20 kNm

For Beam GJ
End Moment:
MG = -25.34 kNm
MJ = 25.34 kNm

For Beam JM
End Moment:
MJ = -25.20 kNm
MM = 25.42 kNm

For Beam MP
End Moment:
MM = -27.27 kNm
MP = 21.26 kNm

Design the Roof Beam 2 using the Maximum Moment


Design Moment:
M = 27.27 kNm

Using A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa


Assume compact section
𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏
27.27 𝑥 10^6 27.27 𝑥 10^6
Sx = 0.66𝐹𝑦
= 0.66(248) = 166.61 x 103 mm3

Try W16 x 26 (Lighter Section)

W16 x 26
A= 4954.83 mm.^2 Ix = 125285659.11 mm^4
d= 398.78 mm Sx = 629263.26 mm^3
tw = 6.35 mm rx = 159.00 mm
bf = 139.70 mm Iy = 3991659.37 mm^4
tf = 8.76 mm Sy = 57190.85 mm.^3
rt = 34.54 mm ry = 28.45 mm

26
Weight = 2.2(3.28) = 38.76 kg/m = 38.76(9.81/1000) = 0.38 kN/m
0.38(52 )
Additional End Moment = = 0.79 kNm
12

Total Design Moment = -27.27 + -0.79 = -28.06 kNm

Check for Sx required;

𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏

Calculation of Fb :

Lb = 5000

Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(M1/M2)+0.3(M1/M2)2;

M1 = 21.26 + 0.79 = 22.05 kNm, M2 = -28.06 kNm

Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(22.05/-28.06)+0.3(22.05/-28.06)2 = 1.11

Lu = 200b/√Fy = = 200(139.7)/√248 = 1774.19 mm

Lc = 137900bftf/Fyd = 137900(139.7)(8.76)/(248x398.78) = 1706.98 mm

Lc < Lb > Lu

L / rt = 5000/34.54 = 144.76

703270𝐶𝑏 703270(1.11)
√ =√ = 56.10
𝐹𝑦 248

3516330𝐶𝑏 3516330(1.11)
√ 𝐹𝑦
= 248
= 125.45

703270𝐶𝑏 3516330𝐶𝑏
√ 𝐹𝑦
< L/rt > √ 𝐹𝑦

Fb = 1172100Cb/(L/rt)2 = 1172100(1.11)/(144.76)2 = 62.09 MPa

82740𝐶𝑏 82740(1.11)
Fb = 𝐿𝑑/𝑏𝑓𝑡𝑓 = 5000(398.78)/(139.70 𝑥 8.76) = 56.37 MPa

Fb = 0.6Fy = 0.6(248) = 148.8 MPa

Use Fb = 62.09 MPa

28.06𝑋106
Sx = = 451924.63 mm3 < 629263.26 mm3, OK
62.09

∴ Adopt W16 x 26 Flange Section for RB-2


DESIGN OF BEAMS –FLOOR BEAM 1 (B-1)

Members to be Considered: Frame C-C, Member BE, EH


(Roof Beam is Braced against lateral buckling with the presence of reinforced concrete slab)
Length = 7000 mm

For Beam BE 40.45 kN/m

MB ME
End Moment: 7000 mm
Due to Vertical Load Typical Floor Beam on Frame C-C
MB = -126.60 kNm
ME = 184.45 kNm
Due to Wind load
MB = 37.67 kNm
ME = 33.80 kNm
Maximum End Moment
MB = -126.60 + 37.67 = -88.93 kNm
ME = 184.45 + 33.80 = 218.25 kNm

For Beam EH

End Moment:
Due to Vertical Load
ME = -184.45 kNm
MH = 126.60 kNm
Due to Wind load
ME = 33.80 kNm
MH = 37.67 kNm
Maximum End Moment
ME = -184.45 + 33.80 = -146.65 kNm
MH = 126.60 + 37.67 = 164.27 kNm

Design the Roof Beam 2 using the Maximum Moment


Design Moment:
M = 218.25 kNm

Using A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa


Assume compact section
𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏

218.25 𝑥 10^6 27.27 𝑥 10^6


Sx = 0.66𝐹𝑦
= 0.66(248)
= 1333394.43 mm3

Try W18 x 50

W18 x 50
A= 9483.85 mm.^2 Ix = 332985140.48 mm^4
d= 457.20 mm Sx = 1456809.99 mm^3
tw = 9.02 mm rx = 187.45 mm
bf = 190.50 mm Iy = 16690880.17 mm^4
tf = 14.48 mm Sy = 175341.58 mm.^3
rt = 34.54 mm ry = 28.45 mm
50
Weight = (3.28) = 74.55 kg/m = 74.55(9.81/1000) = 0.73 kN/m
2.2

0.73(72 )
Additional End Moment = 12
= 2.99 kNm

Total Design Moment = 218.25 + 2.99 = 221.24 kNm

Check for Sx required;

𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏

221.24𝑥106 221.24 𝑥106


Sx = 0.66𝐹𝑦
= 0.66(248)
= 1351661.78 mm3 < 1456809.99 mm3

Check if the Section is Compact:

bf 190.50 d 457.20
= = 6.59 = = 50.69
2tf 2(14.48) tw 9.02

170 170 1680 1680


= = 10.80 = = 106.68
√Fy √248 √Fy √248

bf 170 d 1680
< ∶. Flange is compacted < ∶. Web is compacted
2tf √Fy tw √Fy

∴ Adopt W18 x 50 Flange Section for B-1


DESIGN OF BEAMS –FLOOR BEAM 2 (B-2)

Members to be Considered: Frame 2-2, Members BE, EH,HK,KN, NQ


(Roof Beam is Braced against lateral buckling with the presence of reinforced concrete slab)
Length = 5000 mm
36.76 kN/m
For Beam BE
End Moment: MB ME
MB = -56.22 kNm 5000 mm

ME = 84.93 kNm
Typical Floor Beam on Frame 2-2

For Beam EH
End Moment:
ME = -78.85 kNm
MH = 78.65 kNm

For Beam HK
End Moment:
MH = -76.42 kNm
MK = 76.42 kNm

For Beam KN
End Moment:
MK = -75.68 kNm
MN = 78.85 kNm

For Beam NQ
End Moment:
MN = -84.93 kNm
MQ = 56.22 kNm

Design the Roof Beam 2 using the Maximum Moment


Design Moment:
M = 84.93 kNm

Using A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa


Assume compact section
𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏

84.93 𝑥 10^6 84.93 𝑥 10^6


Sx = 0.66𝐹𝑦
= 0.66(248) = 518878.30 mm3

Try W18 x 35

W18 x 50
A= 6645.15 mm.^2 Ix = 212278027.06 mm^4
d= 449.58 mm Sx = 943894.89 mm^3
tw = 7.62 mm rx = 178.82 mm
bf = 152.40 mm Iy = 6368340.81 mm^4
tf = 10.80 mm Sy = 83901.77 mm.^3
rt = 37.85 mm ry = 30.99 mm
35
Weight = 2.2(3.28) = 52.18 kg/m = 52.18(9.81/1000) = 0.512 kN/m
0.73(52 )
Additional End Moment = = 1.07 kNm
12

Total Design Moment = 84.93 + 1.07 = 86.0 kNm

Check for Sx required;

𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏

86.0𝑥106 86.0 𝑥106


Sx = 0.66𝐹𝑦
= 0.66(248) = 525415.44 mm3 < 943894.89mm3

Check if the Section is Compact:

bf 152.40 d 449.58
= = 7.06 = = 59.0
2tf 2(10.80) tw 7.62

170 170 1680 1680


= = 10.80 = = 106.68
√Fy √248 √Fy √248

bf 170 d 1680
< ∶. Flange is compacted < ∶. Web is compacted
2tf √Fy tw √Fy

∴ Adopt W18 x 35 Flange Section for B-2

DESIGN OF BEAMS –BEAM 3 (B-3)

Members to be Considered: Frame 2-2, Members BE, EH,HK,KN, NQ


(Roof Beam is Braced against lateral buckling with the presence of reinforced concrete slab)
Length = 5000 mm
28.32 kN/m
36.76 kN/m
For Beam BE
End Moment: MB ME
MB = -35.57 kNm 5000 mm

ME = 55.30 kNm Typical Floor Beam on Frame 3-3

3
For Beam EH
End Moment:
ME = -51.31 kNm
MH = 48.98 kNm

For Beam HK
End Moment:
MH = -49.50 kNm
MK = 49.50 kNm

For Beam KN
End Moment:
MK = -48.98 kNm
MN = 51.31 kNm

For Beam NQ
End Moment:
MN = -55.30 kNm
MQ = 35.57 kNm

Design the Roof Beam 2 using the Maximum Moment


Design Moment:
M = 55.30 kNm

Using A36 Steel with Fy = 248 MPa


Assume compact section
𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏

55.30 𝑥 10^6 55.30 𝑥 10^6


Sx = 0.66𝐹𝑦
= 0.66(248) = 337854.35 mm3

Try W16 x 31
W16 x 31
A= 5890.31 mm.^2 Ix = 156086784.60 mm^4
d= 403.86 mm Sx = 773469.42 mm^3
tw = 6.99 mm rx = 162.81 mm
bf = 140.46 mm Iy = 5161269.68 mm^4
tf = 11.18 mm Sy = 73577.92 mm.^3
rt = 35.31 mm ry = 29.72 mm

31
Weight = 2.2(3.28) = 46.22 kg/m = 46.22(9.81/1000) = 0.453 kN/m

0.73(52 )
Additional End Moment = = 0.95 kNm
12

Total Design Moment = 55.30 + 0.95 = 56.25 kNm

Check for Sx required;

𝑀
Sx = 𝐹𝑏

56.25𝑥106 56.25 𝑥106


Sx = 0.66𝐹𝑦
= 0.66(248)
= 343658.36 mm3 < 773469.42mm3

Check if the Section is Compact:

bf 140.46 d 403.86
= = 6.28 = = 57.78
2tf 2(11.18) tw 6.99

170 170 1680 1680


= = 10.80 = = 106.68
√Fy √248 √Fy √248

bf 170 d 1680
< ∶. Flange is compacted < ∶. Web is compacted
2tf √Fy tw √Fy

∴ Adopt W16 x 31 Flange Section for B-3


DESIGN OF COLUMNS
DESIGN OF COLUMN – COLUMN 1 (C1) – INTERIOR COLUMN
MEMBER TO BE CONSIDERED: MEMBER “EF”

Length = 4800 mm
Unsupported Length = 4800 mm
Top Moment : - 46.44 kNm
Bottom Moment = - 61.12 kNm

Note: The member is bent in double curvature since the moment rotation is the same
The column will be designed to have bending in one axis only since according to the analysis,
vertical load creates zero(0) moment and wind load tend to be the cause of moment. Wind load cannot
act in both directions simultaneously.

Total Axial Load:


Floor Load = 7.76 kPa (5 x 7) + 1.1734 (5 x 7) = 187.60 Kn
Truss Reaction = 32.49 kN
Beam Weight = 7m x (50+31)lb./ft x 3.28 ft/m x 1kg/2.2lbs x 9.81N/kg x 1kN/1000N +
5m x (26+35)lb./ft x 3.28 ft/m x 1kg/2.2lbs x 9.81N/kg x 1kN/1000N
= 12.75 kN
Total = 232.84 kN

K = 0.65 (Recommended Values for ends both fixed)


FROM TRUSS = 32.49 kN
fa fb
+ ≤1
Fa Fb SURFACE LOAD = 1.1734 KPA
BEAM(W16x26)

fa fb
Let Fa = 0.5 and Fb = 0.5
BEAM(W16x31)

Assume KL/r = 0 SURFACE LOAD = 7.76 KPa

5 3 𝑘𝐿/𝑟 1 (𝑘𝐿/𝑟)3
F.S. = 3 + 8( 𝐶𝑐
) - 8( 𝐶𝑐 3
)

5 BEAM(W18x50) BEAM(W18x35)
F.S. = 3

(𝑘𝐿/𝑟)2 𝐹𝑦
Fa =(1 − )
2(𝐶𝑐 )2 𝐹.𝑆.

248
Fa =(1 − 0)5/3 = 148.8 MPa

fa
= 0.5; fa = 0.5(148.8) = 74.4 MPa
Fa

P
A
= 59.52 MPa

232.84(1000)
= 74.4 MPa
A

A = 3129.57 mm2

fb
Fb
= 0.5 ; Fb = 0.6Fy = 0.6(248) = 148.8 MPa

fb = 0.5(148.8) = 74.4 MPa

Mx
= 74.4 MPa
Sx
61.12x10^6
Sx = = 821505.37 mm3
74.4

Try W16 x 45
W16 x 45
A= 8580.63 mm.^2 Ix = 243911615.40 mm^4
d= 408.94 mm Sx = 1191339.55 mm^3
tw = 8.76 mm rx = 168.91 mm
bf = 178.82 mm Iy = 13652390.76 mm^4
tf = 14.35 mm Sy = 153055.18 mm.^3
rt = 46.48 mm ry = 39.88 mm

A = 8580.63 mm2 > 3129.57 mm2

Sx = 1191339.55 > 821505.37x103

kL 0.65(4800)
( r )X = ( 168.91
) = 18.47

kL 0.65(4800)
( )y = ( ) = 78.23
r 39.88

kL
Use ( r ) = 78.23

2π2 E 2π2 (200,000)


CC = √ = √ , Cc = 126.17
Fy 248

5 3 76.23 1 (76.23)3
F.S. = 3 + 8(126.17) - 8( 126.173 ) = 1.87

(kL/r)2 Fy (76.23)2 248


Fa =(1 − ) = (1 − ) = 108.42 MPa
2(Cc )2 F.S. 2(126.17)2 1.87

P 232.84(1000)
fa = A = 8580.63
= 27.14 MPa

fa 27.14
= = 0.25 > 0.15
Fa 108.42

Use:
fa Cm(fb)
+ < 1.0
Fa Fb(1− fa )
′ Fe

12π2E 12π2 (200000)


Fe = KL = 23(78.23)2
= 168.28 MPa
23( )2
rb

Cm = 0.85 (For frames subjected to sidesway)


Mx 61.12x10^6
fbx = Sx
= 1191339.55 = 51.30 MPa

Lb = 4800 mm
200bf 200(178.82)
L1 = = = 2271.02 mm <Lb
√𝐹𝑦 √248
137900bftf 137900(178.82)(14.35)
L2 = = = 3489.16 mm < Lb
𝐹𝑦𝑑 248(408.94)

L / rt = 4800/46.48 = 103.27

Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(-44.46/61.12)+0.3(-44.46/61.12)2 = 2.67>2.3, Use 2.3


703270𝐶𝑏 703270(2.3)
√ 𝐹𝑦
=√ 248
= 80.76

3516330𝐶𝑏 3516330(2.3)
√ 𝐹𝑦
= 248
= 180.59

703270𝐶𝑏 3516330𝐶𝑏
√ < L/rt < √
𝐹𝑦 𝐹𝑦

𝐿
2 𝐹𝑦( )2 2 248(103.27)2
𝑟𝑡
Fb = Fy[3 - 10.55 𝑥 10^6𝐶𝑏] = 248[3 - 10.55 𝑥 10^6(2.3)] = 138.30 MPa

82740𝐶𝑏 82740(2.3)
Fb = = = 248.78 MPa
𝐿𝑑/𝑏𝑓𝑡𝑓 4800(408.94)/(178.82 𝑥 14.35)

Fb = 0.6Fy = 0.6(248) = 148.8 MPa

Use Fb = 138.30 MPa

fa Cm(fb) 27.14 0.85(51.30)


+ = + 27.14 =0.62 < 1.0, OK
Fa Fb(1− fa ) 108.42 138.30(1− )
′ Fe 168.28

∴ Adopt W16 x 45 Flange Section for C1

DESIGN OF COLUMN – COLUMN 2 (C2) – EXTERIOR/CORNER COLUMN


MEMBER TO BE CONSIDERED: MEMBER “HI”

Length = 4800 mm
Unsupported Length = 4800 mm
Top Moment : - 83.61 kNm
Bottom Moment = - 91.44 kNm

Total Axial Load:


Floor Load = 7.76 kPa (5 x 3.5) + 1.1734 (5 x 3.5) = 156.33 kN
Truss Reaction = 6.04 kN (From truss analysis)
Beam Weight = 3.5m x (50+31)lb./ft x 3.28 ft/m x 1kg/2.2lbs x 9.81N/kg x 1kN/1000N +
5m x (26+35)lb./ft x 3.28 ft/m x 1kg/2.2lbs x 9.81N/kg x 1kN/1000N
= 8.61 kN
FROM TRUSS = 6.04 kN
Total = 170.96 kN

SURFACE LOAD = 1.1734


K = 0.65 (Recommended Values for ends both fixed) KPA

fa fb
Fa
+ Fb ≤1 BEAM(W16x31)
BEAM(W16x26
)
fa fb
Let Fa = 0.5 and Fb = 0.5 SURFACE LOAD = 7.76
KPa

Assume KL/r = 0

5 3 𝑘𝐿/𝑟 1 (𝑘𝐿/𝑟)3 BEAM(W18x50 BEAM(W18x31


F.S. = 3 + 8( 𝐶𝑐
) - 8( 𝐶𝑐 3
) ) )

5
F.S. =
3
(𝑘𝐿/𝑟)2 𝐹𝑦
Fa =(1 − )
2(𝐶𝑐 )2 𝐹.𝑆.

248
Fa =(1 − 0) = 148.8 MPa
5/3

fa
= 0.5; fa = 0.5(148.8) = 74.4 MPa
Fa

P
A
= 74.4 MPa

170.96(1000)
A
= 74.4 MPa

A = 2297.85 mm2

fb
= 0.5 ; Fb = 0.6Fy = 0.6(248) = 148.8 MPa
Fb

fb = 0.5(148.8) = 74.4 MPa

Mx
= 74.4 MPa
Sx

91.44x10^6
Sx = = 1229032.26 mm3
74.4

Try W16 x 45
W16 x 45
A= 9483.85 mm.^2 Ix = 274296509.47 mm^4
d= 414.02 mm Sx = 1327352.18 mm^3
tw = 9.65 mm rx = 169.67 mm
bf = 179.58 mm Iy = 15483809.03 mm^4
tf = 16.00 mm Sy = 172064.17 mm.^3
rt = 46.74 mm ry = 40.39 mm

A = 9483.85 mm2 > 2297.85 mm2

Sx = 1327352 > 821505.37x103

kL 0.65(4800)
( r )X = ( 169.67
) = 18.38

kL 0.65(4800)
( r )y = ( 39.88
) = 77.25

kL
Use ( r ) = 77.25

2π2 E 2π2 (200,000)


CC = √ = √ , Cc = 126.17
Fy 248

5 3 77.25 1 (77.25)3
F.S. = 3 + 8(126.17) - 8( 126.173 ) = 1.87

(kL/r)2 Fy (77.25)2 248


Fa =(1 − ) = (1 − ) = 107.76 MPa
2(Cc )2 F.S. 2(126.17)2 1.87

P 170.96(1000)
fa = A = 9483.85
= 18.03 MPa

fa 18.03
= = 0.17 > 0.15
Fa 107.76
Use:
fa Cm(fb)
+
Fa Fb(1− fa )
< 1.0
′ Fe

12π2E 12π2 (200000)


Fe = KL = 23(77.25)2
= 172.58 MPa
23( )2
rb

Cm = 0.85 (For frames subjected to sidesway)


Mx 91.44x10^6
fbx = Sx
= 1327352.18 = 68.89 MPa

Lb = 4800 mm
200bf 200(179.58)
L1 = = = 2280.67 mm <Lb
√𝐹𝑦 √248
137900bftf 137900(179.58)(16.0)
L2 = 𝐹𝑦𝑑
= 248(414.02)
= 3858.95 mm < Lb

L / rt = 4800/46.74 = 102.70

Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(-83.61/-91.44)+0.3(-83.61/-91.44)2 = 2.96>2.3, Use 2.3

703270𝐶𝑏 703270(2.3)
√ 𝐹𝑦
=√ 248
= 80.76

3516330𝐶𝑏 3516330(2.3)
√ = = 180.59
𝐹𝑦 248

703270𝐶𝑏 3516330𝐶𝑏
√ 𝐹𝑦
< L/rt < √ 𝐹𝑦

𝐿
2 𝐹𝑦( )2 2 248(102.70)2
𝑟𝑡
Fb = Fy[3 - 10.55 𝑥 10^6𝐶𝑏] = 248[3 - 10.55 𝑥 10^6(2.3)] = 138.60 MPa

82740𝐶𝑏 82740(2.3)
Fb = 𝐿𝑑/𝑏𝑓𝑡𝑓 = 4800(414.02)/(179.58 𝑥 16) = 275.14 MPa

Fb = 0.6Fy = 0.6(248) = 148.8 MPa

Use Fb = 138.60 MPa

fa Cm(fb) 0.85(68.89)
+
Fa Fb(1− fa )
= 0.17 + 18.03 = 0.64 < 1.0, OK
′ 138.60(1− )
Fe 172.58

∴ Adopt W16 x 45 Flange Section for C2


CONNECTIONS
DESIGN FOR STRUCTURAL JOINT OF TRUSS

On joint D of truss:
Bolt to be Used: A502- Grade1 Bolt
Properties:
Diameter = 10 mm
Fv = 120 MPa
Fp = 1.2Fu
Gusset Plate Thickness = 3/8” = 9.525 mm
Properties:
Fy = 248 MPa
Fu = 400 MPa

Checking for the minimum thickness of Gusset Plate:


AvFv = dtFp
(π/4)(102)(120) = 20(t)(1.2)(400)
t = 0.98 mm < 9.525 mm (OK)

For member ND:


Rivet Shear:
P = 15.72 kN = 15720 N
P = AvFv = (π/4)(102)(120)(n) = 15720
n = 1.67, say 2 pieces
Bearing on Rivet:
P = dtFp(n)
15720 = 10(9.525)(1.2)(400)(n)
n = 0.34
Use 2 Pieces

For Member MD
Rivet Shear:
P = 24.16 kN = 24160 N
P = AvFv = (π/4)(102)(120)(n) = 24160
n = 2.56, say 3 pieces
Bearing on Rivet:
P = dtFp(n)
24160 = 10(9.525)(1.2)(400)(n)
n = 0.53
Use 3 Pieces

For Member CD-DE


Rivet Shear:
P = 33.61-15.27 = 18.34 kN = 18340 N
P = AvFv = (π/4)(102)(120)(n) = 18340
n = 1.95, say 2 pieces
Bearing on Rivet:
P = dtFp(n)
18340 = 10(9.525)(1.2)(400)(n)
n = 0.4
Use 2 Pieces
DESIGN FOR BEAM COLUMN WELD CONNECTION
Consider Beam 1 and Column 2 Connection of Frame C-C
Using A36 Steel:
Fy = 248 MPa
W16 x 45
Fv = 0.4Fy = 99.20 MPa
Using Grade 502 Rivet: W16 x 31

D = 20 mm
Fu = 400 MPa
Fp = 1.2Fu = 480 MPa
Fv =152 MPa
Beam Section = W16 x 21
Web thickness = 6.99 mm
Depth, d = 403.86 mm
Column Section = W16 x 45
Flange Thickness = 14.35 mm

40.45 kN/m

MB ME
7000 mm

Maximum End Moment


MB = -126.60 + 37.67 = -88.93 kNm
ME = 184.45 + 33.80 = 218.25 kNm
RE(7)+88.93-218.25-40.45(7)(3.5) = 0
RE = 160.15 kN
V = RE = 160.15 kN

Determine the number of Rivets:


Considering allowable shear Stress (Double Shear)
V = FvAv = Fvtwd(n)(2)
160150 = 99.20(6.99)(20)(2)n
n = 5.77, say 6 pieces

Considering allowable bearing stress:


V = Fpdtwn
160150 = (480)(20)(6.99)n
n = 2.39 pieces

Use 6 pieces 20 mm diameter Rivets on Wide Flange Beam Web


Checking the Capacity of the Connection of Beam with the reaction of Beam End.

R = 160.15 kN
M = 218.15 kNm

∑(x2 + y2) = (1502(2)(2)+ 902(2)(2)+ 302(2)(2)) = 126000

fx = 160150/12 = 13345.83 N
fy = 218.25(106)(150)/126000 = 42426.98 N
R = √13345.832 + 42426.982 = 44476.51 N

fv = R/Abolt = 44476.51/(202π/4) = 141.57 MPa < Fv = 152 MPa


160.15 kN

218.15 kNm
A Proposed Two
Storey Commercial
Building

SUBMITTED BY:
WARREN B. PRESIDENTE

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. GILDA D. BORBON
P E R S P E C T I V E

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