Jasmin Borserio 32012312

APA REFERENCING

JASMIN BORSERIO, 32012312

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Americal American Psychological Association Style Sample .................................. 2

Introduction ............................................................................................................... 2

Discussion .................................................................................................................. 2

Examples.................................................................................................................... 2

Format ....................................................................................................................... 3

Summary.................................................................................................................... 4

References ........................................................................................................... 5

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AMERICAL AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION STYLE

SAMPLE

INTRODUCTION

The American Psychological Association (APA) style is primarily used in the social science

disciplines. It is formatted like Modern Language Association (MLA), and shows many

similarities, but is unique in several key points. This paper discusses the APA in detail.

Addressing plagiarism has become a major challenge in education and educating

students in referencing correctly with the APA 6th is one way of trying to overcome

the problem (Bretag, 2013; Manar & Shameem, 2014).

DISCUSSION

APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but rather than indicating the

author's name and page number, APA includes author's name and date of publication. The

page number, represented with a p. or a pp., is only added to the citation when using a

direct quote (not a summary or paraphrase). If the author's name is mentioned in the

sentence, then place the date of publication in parentheses directly after the name. If the

name is not mentioned include the author's name and date in parentheses at the end of

the source material. And, if you use a direct quote, place the page number after the

publication date within the parentheses.

EXAMPLES

Note the difference between the following three examples:

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Terrence (2007) has presented poignant examples from 150 interviews. However, it has

been pointed out that the research was conducted in a selective, highly biased, way (Strong

& Porter, 1998). All of the interviewees have been called “exceptions to the norm” (Strong

& Porter, 1998, p. 5).

Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the sentence, the second

example paraphrases authors that are not named in the sentence, and the third example

provides a direct quote (thus the inclusion of the page numbers) but also does not identify

the authors within the sentence. If the authors were identified within the sentence in the

third example, the authors' names would be followed by the year of publication and only

the page numbers would be in the parentheses at the end of the quote.

FORMAT

Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what APA calls the

Reference page. You will notice a few immediate differences from the MLA Works

Cited format. With APA you include the initial of the author's first name rather than

the complete name, the publication date immediately follows the author's name in

parentheses, and titles of articles are not surrounded with quotation marks. The

lists are still alphabetized by author's last name (or title in the absence of an author)

and the first line is flush left while subsequent lines in the same entry are indented

in (approximately 5 spaces or one tab). A good resource to help you with

referencing is Notre Dame’s referencing guide at

http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box-3040351. There is also a

summary downloadable help document available at:

http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459. In APA Style, you include a

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reference list rather than a bibliography with your paper (American Psychological

Association, 2017). A reference list consists of all sources cited in the text of a paper

whereas a bibliography may include resources that were consulted but not cited in

the text as well as an annotated description of each one.

SUMMARY

The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses the APA 6th referencing

style for all written documents. In addition to in text referencing and the reference list

there are a number of formatting requirements to ensure your essay complies with APA

standards. Get to know the APA 6th.

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REFERENCES

American Psychological Association. (2017) Bibliography versus reference list. Retrieved

from http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-references.aspx#Bibliography

Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS Medicine, 10(12),

e1001574. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001574

Hosny, M., & Fatima, S. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and plagiarism:
University case study. Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(8), 748-757.
doi:10.3923/jas.2014.748.757

Strong, R. L., Porter, M. (1998), Grammatical Combinations. In S. Parker & K. Gibson (Eds.),
Language and Literacy (p 540-578) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Terrence, H. S. (2007, November 1). Student Success in Community Colleges. The West
Australian, p. 6-7

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