HANOI UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM

INTRODUCTION
TO
TOURISM
MANAGEMENT
Mrs. Khong Yen Giang, MBA.

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 Housekeeping
arrangements
 Course hours: 12:20 – 14:15
 No smoking in the training room
 Turn off or put your mobile or put
at vibration mode
 Feel free to speak up
 Interaction
Subject Objectives
 Develop awareness of the nature
of the tourism
 Explore structure and functioning
of tourism system
 Examine economic, socio-
cultural and environmental
impacts of tourism, and
 Familiarize with Vietnam tourism
development and issues.
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 Agenda
 Week 1. Tourism in Perspective
 Week 2. Tourism through the Ages
 Week 3. Tourism Organizations
 Week 4. Passenger Transportation
 Week 5. Hospitality and Related
Services
Agenda
 Week 8. Travel Motivation
 Week 9. Sociology of Tourism
 Week 10. Tourism Demand and
Supply
Group Assignment
 Week 11. Tourism’s Economic Impact

 Week 6. Distribution Process  Week 12. Tourism and the

Environment
 Week 7. Attractions
Final exam
Midterm Test

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 Textbooks

Goeldner, C.R., and Ritchie, J.R.B. (2012)

Tourism Principles, Philosophy and
Tourism in
Practice. 12th Ed., John Willey and Sons.
Perspective
Assessment

(a) Attendance Required assessment Yes 10% Mrs. Khong Yen Giang, MBA.
Presentation Required assessment Yes 10%
(b)

(c) Assignment Required assessment Yes 20%

(d) Midterm Test Required assessment Yes 10%

(e) Final exam Required assessment Yes 50%

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Learning Objectives
 Understand what tourism is
and its many definitions
 Learn the components of tourism
and tourism management.
 Examine the various approaches
to studying tourism
 Appreciate how important this
industry is to the economy of the
world and of many countries
 Know the benefits and costs
of tourism.
Definition of Tourism
Tourism may be defined as the
processes, activities, and outcomes
arising from the relationships and
the interactions among tourists,
tourism suppliers, host
governments, host communities,
and surrounding environments that
are involved in the attracting and
hosting of visitors.
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WTO Definition of Tourism
Tourism comprises the activities
of persons traveling to and
staying in places outside their
usual environment for not more
than one consecutive year for
leisure, business and other
purposes.
Vietnam Definition of Tourism
Tourism means activities connected
with trips taken by people outside
their habitual residences aimed at
satisfying their needs for
sightseeing, discovering, leisure, or
recreation in a certain period of
time.
Law on Tourism
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Quiz 1
4 groups of tourism

 Name 4 groups that constitute  The tourist

the tourism industry and explain
how?
 The business providing tourist
goods and services
 The government of the host
community or area
 The host community

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 Visitor Classification of Travelers

A “visitor” is defined as those

persons who travel to a country other
than that in which they have their
usual residence but outside their
usual environment for a period not
exceeding twelve months and whose
main purpose of visit is other than
the exercise of an activity
remunerated from within
the place visited.

(1) Tourists in international technical definitions.

(2) Excursionists in international technical definitions.
(3) Travelers whose trips are shorter than those that qualify for travel
and tourism; e.g., under 50 miles (80 km) from home.
(4) Students traveling between home and school only -- other travel of
students is within scope of travel and tourism.
(5) All persons moving to a new place of residence including all one-
way travelers, such as emigrants, immigrants, refugees, domestic
migrants, and nomads.

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Quiz 2
 Why must a national tourism
organization classify tourists and
other visitors?
Quiz 3: Identify the
tourist in the following
situations:
 A family from Hanoi visiting Ho Chi
Minh city for their weekend
 A man from Belfast (the UK) attending
a weekend business conference in
Galway (Ireland)
 An Irish couple going to live in New
York
 A group of school children on a day
trip to the Art Museum
 A boy swimming in his local swimming
pool on the weekend
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Quiz 3: Identify the Key concepts
tourist in the following  Visitor
situations:  Traveller
 A Hollywood director flying to Ireland
 Excursionist
to spend six months making a film
 A woman from Dublin flying to  Tourist
London for the day for a business  Tourist Industry
meeting  Host Community
 Host Community Government
 A Dublin teenager on a foreign
exchange trip to France  Inbound Tourism
 A group of people from Singapore on  Outbound Tourism
a pilgrimage to Fatima (Portugal)  Domestic Tourism

 An Irish girl visiting her sister who  Internal Tourism

lives in Frankfurt  National Tourism
 International Tourism.

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 The Tourism Phenomenon:
Vietnam Definition of Tourist Components of tourism and tourism
management

Tourist means a person who

travels for either tourism or for
other purposes combined with
tourism, except for those who go
to study, work or practice their
professions to get paid at the
places of destination.

Law on Tourism

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 Disciplinary inputs to the tourism field Travel and Tourism --
World’s Largest Industry

Sociology
In 2016 it is estimated to
account for some:
Sociology of
Tourism

• 1,235 million tourist arrivals

• US $1,220 billion, 10% of world GDP
Tourism
Studies
• >284 mil jobs, 1 in every 10 jobs, 7
times more than automotive industry
• Export value: $1.4 trillion, 7% of
world’s export
• Rank 3rd after Chemicals and Fuels
Recreation

industry, ahead automobile and food

Parks and

industries
Department
Source: adapted from Jafar Jafari, University of or Discipline
Wisconsin-Stout, Tourism Course
Study of Tourism: Choices of Discipline and
Approach.

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 Travel and Tourism --
ARRIVALS PER REGION
World’s Largest Industry
(2016)

In 2026 it is estimated to

account for :

•10% world GDP (> US $11.4 trillion)

• 370 mil jobs (1/9 jobs)

• GDP growth to be average 3.2 –

3.6% per annum over the coming 10

years

Source: World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

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UNWTO's Tourism 2030
Vision forecasts (1950- Purpose of visit,
2030) 2016

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World’s Top 10 Tourism World’s Top 10 Tourism
Destinations 2016 Earners 2016

Source: World Tourism Organzation (UNWTO)

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Tourism: What it Tourism: What it Means
Means to Vietnam Economy
to Vietnam Economy  Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

In 2017  9.1% of total GDP (VND 510,900

billion VND) in 2017
 13 mil  2027: 9.2% of total GDP (770,786
billion VND)
 73.2 mil  Employment

 510,900 billions VND  2 million direct employees (3.6%

 9.1%
 2 million; 3.6% total – 4
million; 7.3% total
total) – 4 million total; 7.3%
 Expected to be 4.5 million jobs
with 2.3 million direct jobs in 2027
(7.5% & 3.8% respectively)

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Tourism: What it Means Tourism: What it
to Vietnam Economy Means to Vietnam
 Visitor Exports 
Economy
Vietnam has the fastest tourism growth in
 Export earnings: 185,000 billion VND Asia 2017 (UNWTO)
in 2016 (4.5% total exports)
 Expected to be 6.4% pa (VND 368,679  Top 10 world’s destinations that have the
billion) in 2027 (3.8% of total exports). fastest tourism growth in 2017:
 World ranking (TR contribution  Palestine: 57.8%
 Egypt: 51%
to GDP)
 North Mariana Archipelago: 37.3%
 50 in absolute size worldwide  Iceland: 34.9%
 104 in relative contribution to national  Tunisia: 32.5%
economies  Vietnam: 31.2%
 38 in long-term (10-year) growth  Uruguay: 30.2%
(185 countries are estimated by WTTC)  Nicaragua: 28.4%
 Mongolia: 28.3%
 Israel: 25.1%

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Benefits of Tourism Benefits of Tourism
- Economic - Economic
• Provides employment opportunities
 Can be developed with local
• Generates foreign exchange products and resources
• Increases Incomes
 Diversifies the economy
• Increases GNP
 Tends to be compatible with other
• Can be built on existing infrastructure
economic activities
• Develops an infrastructure that will also
 Spreads development
help stimulate local commerce and
industry...  High multiplier impact
 Increases governmental
revenues.

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 Benefits of Tourism
- Social
 Broadens educational and
cultural horizons
 Improves quality of life - higher
incomes and improved standards
of living
 Justifies environmental
protection and improvement
 Provides tourist and
recreational facilities
that may be used by
a local population.
Benefits of Tourism
- Cultural
 Reinforces preservation of heritage
and tradition
 Visitor interest in local culture
provides employment for artists,
musicians and other performing artists
 Breaks down language, sociocultural,
class, racial, political, and religious
barriers
 Creates a favorable worldwide image
for a destination
 Promotes a global community
 Promotes international understanding
and peace.
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Disadvantages of Tourism
- Economic
 Develops excess demand
 Results in high leakage
 Creates difficulties of seasonality
 Causes inflation
 Can result in unbalanced
economic development
 Increases vulnerability to
economic and political changes.
Disadvantages of Tourism
- Social
 Creates social problems
 Degrades the natural physical
environment and creates pollution
 Degrades the cultural environment
 Threatens family structure
 Commercializes culture, religion,
and the arts
 Creates misunderstanding
 Creates conflicts in the host society
 Contributes to disease, economic
fluctuation, and transportation
problems.
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 End of Presentation
What shall we do?

Thank you
for joining us!

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 Assignment

Discuss in details the

advantages and
disadvantages that tourism
brings to Vietnam?
Illustrate with clear and
specific examples and
data.

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