Second Year Contents

MBBS
Model Test Papers

PATHOLOGY

Syllabus................................................................................................................................... 2

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Unsolved Questions.........................................................................................8-32

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MICROBIOLOGY

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Syllabus................................................................................................................................. 33

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Unsolved Questions..................................................................... 39-73
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PHARMACOLOGY
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Syllabus................................................................................................................................. 75
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Unsolved Questions.................................................................. 81-111

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FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY

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Syllabus.............................................................................................................................. 113
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Unsolved Questions.................................................................116-135
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MODEL TEST PAPERS SET

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Model Test Paper Set-I (2018)

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Pathology–A......................................................................................................................... 136
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Pathology–B......................................................................................................................... 137
Microbiology–A.................................................................................................................. 138
Microbiology–B................................................................................................................... 139
Pharmacology–A................................................................................................................ 140
Pharmacology–B................................................................................................................ 141
Forensic Medicine.............................................................................................................. 142
vi
Second Year MBBS Unsolved
Model Test Paper Set-II (2017)
Pathology–A......................................................................................................................... 143
Pathology– B........................................................................................................................ 144
Microbiology–A.................................................................................................................. 145
Microbiology–B................................................................................................................... 146
Pharmacology–A................................................................................................................ 147

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Pharmacology–B................................................................................................................ 148

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Forensic Medicine.............................................................................................................. 149

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Model Test Paper Set- III (2016)

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Pathology–A......................................................................................................................... 150

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Pathology– B........................................................................................................................ 151

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Microbiology–A.................................................................................................................. 152
Microbiology–B................................................................................................................... 153
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Pharmacology–A................................................................................................................ 154
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Pharmacology–B................................................................................................................ 155
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Forensic Medicine.............................................................................................................. 156

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Model Test Paper Set- IV (2015)

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Pathology–A......................................................................................................................... 157
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Pathology– B........................................................................................................................ 158

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Microbiology–A.................................................................................................................. 159
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Microbiology–B................................................................................................................... 160
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Pharmacology–A................................................................................................................ 161
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Pharmacology–B................................................................................................................ 162
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Forensic Medicine.............................................................................................................. 163

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Model Test Paper Set- V (2014)

Pathology–A......................................................................................................................... 164
Pathology– B........................................................................................................................ 165
Microbiology–A.................................................................................................................. 166
Microbiology–B................................................................................................................... 167
Pharmacology–A................................................................................................................ 168
Pharmacology–B................................................................................................................ 169
Forensic Medicine.............................................................................................................. 170
 Pathology

References

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1. Textbook of Pathology

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(Harsh Mohan, 8th edition)

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2. Robbins Basic Pathology

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(Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition)
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8
Second Year MBBS Unsolved

Pathology Unsolved Questions

CELL INJURY, CELLULAR ADAPTATIONS AND CELLULAR

AGEING

1. Write short note on metaplasia. (2007, 2014, 2015)

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(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,

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Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, pages 50-51)

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2. Tabulate the contrasting features of metaplasia and dysplasia.
(2007)

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(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,

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Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, page 37)
3. Write short note on dysplasia.
BB (2008, 2016)
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(Ref: Textbook of Pathology,

a

Harsh Mohan,8th edition, page 38)

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4. Tabulate the differences between metastatic and dystrophic

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calcification. (2007, 2008, 2009)

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(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,

Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, page 53)
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5. Tabulate the differences between dry and moist gangrene.

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 (2008, 2010)
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(Ref: Textbook of Pathology,

Harsh Mohan, 8th edition, page 54)
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6. Write short note on free radical induced cell injury.

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 (2009, 2016)
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(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,

Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, pages 44-45)
7. Write short note on apoptosis. (2009, 2014, 2016)
(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,
Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, pages 37-39)
8. Tabulate the differences between hyperplasia and
hypertrophy. (2009)
(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,
Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, pages 48-49)
 9
Pathology
9. What are the types of necrosis. Give 3 examples of each. Discuss
etiology and morphological features of caseous necrosis.
 (2009, 2012, 2013)
(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,
Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, pages 35-37)
10. Discuss etiopathogenesis of Pathologic calcification. (2009)
(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,

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Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, page 53)

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11. What is fatty liver. Describe its etiology, pathogenesis and

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pathologic changes. (2010) (2018)

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(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,
Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, pages 51, 652-

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12. Write briefly about hyperplasia.
BB 656)
(2011)
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(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology,

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Kumar, Abbas, Aster, 1st South Asia edition, pages 49-50)

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13. Write briefly about brown induration of lung. (2011)

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(Ref: Textbook of Pathology,

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Harsh Mohan, 8th edition,page 66)

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14. Write short notes on endogenous pigments. (2016)

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(Ref: Textbook of Pathology,

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Harsh Mohan, 8th edition,page 64)

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15. Differentiate between atrophy and hypertrophy. (2017)

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(Ref: Textbook of Pathology,

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Harsh Mohan, 8th edition,pages 35-36)

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16. What are different types of necrosis and their morphological

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changes. (2017)
(Ref: Textbook of Pathology,
Harsh Mohan, 8th edition,pages 49-51)

INFLAMMATION AND REPAIR

1. Describe granulomatous inflammation. Discuss pathogenesis,

fate and clinical features of secondary tuberculosis. (2007)
(Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology, Kumar, Abbas, Aster,
1st South Asia edition, pages 85, 528-531)
 Microbiology

References

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1. Textbook of Microbiology

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(Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition)

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2. Medical Parasitology

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(D.R. Arora & Brij Bala Arora, 5th edition)
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 39
Microbiology

Microbiology Unsolved Questions

INTRODUCTION AND BACTERIAL TAXONOMY

1. Write short note on Robert Koch. (2007) (2011) (2013) (2017)

(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,

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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 4)

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2. Write short note on contribution of Louis Pasteur in

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microbiology. (2009) (2011)(2013) (2018)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,

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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 3)

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3. Write short note on Edward Jenner. BB (2012)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 219)

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MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF BACTERIA

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1. Write short note on oxidation-reduction potential. (2007)

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(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,

Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 25)
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2. Write short note on spores. (2007)(2014)(2017)

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(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,

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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 20)

3. Write short note on Cell Wall. (2007)
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(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,

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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 15)

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4. Write briefly on bacterial flagella. (2008) (2014)(2016)

(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 19)
5. Write short note on Turbido stat. (2008)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 22)
6. Write briefly on cell wall of Gram negative bacteria. (2009)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 16)
40
Second Year MBBS Unsolved
7. Write briefly on environmental factors affecting growth of
bacteria. (2010)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, pages 23-25)
8. Differences between Gram positive and Gram negative
bacteria. (2011)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,

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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 13)

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9. Describe in brief fimbriae with diagram. (2012)(2014)

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(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
10th edition, Ananthanarayan & Paniker page 20)

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10. Write in briefly about bacterial growth curve. (2015)
BB
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 22)
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11. Write short note on L-forms of bacteria. (2018)

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(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,

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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 21)

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STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION

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1. Write briefly on sterilization by radiation. (2007)

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(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,

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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 32)

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2. Write short note on pasteurization. (2008)

(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
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Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 30)

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3. Write short note on Sterilization by moist heat at temperature

Sa

of 100°C. (2010)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, pages 30-31)
4. Write short note on gaseous disinfectants. (2011)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 34)
5. Write short note on Autoclave. (2012) (2015)
(Ref: Textbook of Microbiology,
Ananthanarayan & Paniker, 10th edition, page 31)
 Pharmacology

Reference

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1. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology

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(KD Tripathi, 8th edition)

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 75
Pharmacology

Syllabus

Time Allowed - 3 Hours M.M. – 40

PAPER - A

1. Introduction to Pharmacology and general Pharmacology:

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History, development, branches and scope of pharmacology,
Drug action, molecular basis and mechanisms of action, and

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their modifications due to different factors. Pharmacokinetics,

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routes of administration, absorption, distribution,

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biotransformation and excretion of drugs. Principles of

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loading and maintenance dose, rate and therapeutic drug
monitoring. BB
yy Adverse drug reactions, pharmacogenetics, hypersensitivity,
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overdose poisoning, drug-dependence and substance

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abuse and environmental pollutants.

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yy Drug regulations, new drug development, Gene

therapy, medico-legal and ethical issues related to drug
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development and prescribing.

yy Prescription writing, principles of therapeutic decision
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making, rational drug use, concept of essential drugs,

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mass therapy for national programs, community

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pharmacology, pharmacoeconomics and quality of life.

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yy Drug usage in special populations i.e. extremes of ages,

pregnancy and lactation, concurrent liver and kidney
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disease and drug interactions etc.

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2. Drugs Acting on Autonomic Nervous System

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yy General considerations, Cholinergic transmission,

Parasympathomimetics, Anticholinergic drugs,
Adrenergic Neurotransmission, Sympathomimetics,
Adrenoceptor blocking drugs, Skeletal muscle relaxants,
and Drugs affecting autonomic ganglion and neurons
3. Drugs Acting on the General Nervous System
yy Neurohumoral transmission and the central nervous
system.
yy General and local anesthetics, therapeutic gases.
76
Second Year MBBS Unsolved
yy Basic and applied pharmacology of alcohol, sedatives and
hypnotics.
yy Drugs and the treatment of psychiatry disorders.
yy Drugs effective in the therapy of epileptic disorders.
yy Drugs for the Parkinson’s disease, spasticity and acute
muscle spasm.

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yy Drug addiction and drug abuse, Opioids analgesics and

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antagonists. Drug Addiction and Drug Abuse.

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4. Autocoids and related Drugs

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yy General considerations, Histamine and antihistaminic

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drugs, 5-hydroxtryptamine receptor- agonists and

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antagonists, Renin-Angiotensin Systems and related
BB
drugs, Eicosanoids, Platelets activating factors and related
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drugs.
yy Analgesis-Antipyretics and Anti-inflammatory Agents,
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drugs employed in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

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and gout.
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yy Drugs used in the treatment of bronchial asthma and

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cough.
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5. Gastrointestinal Drugs
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yy Drug therapy of peptic ulcer, emetics and anti-emetics

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and Drugs affecting gastrointestinal motility.

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6. Toxicology
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yy Heavy metals and antagonists. General principles

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of treatment of acute poisoning; environmental and

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occupational toxicology.
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 Forensic Medicine
& Toxicology

Reference

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1. The Essentials of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

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(KS Narayan Reddy, & O.P. Murty, 34th edition)

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 113
Forensic Medicine &Toxicology

Syllabus

Forensic Medicine Including Toxicology

1. Introduction And Legal Procedures

Definition of Forensic Medicine, Medical Jurisprudence,

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State Medicine Inquest, Criminal Courts and their powers,

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Procedure in court, Medical evidence, Witnesses, Doctor in

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the witness box.

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2. Personal Identity

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Definition of personal identification, Corpus delicti,

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Establishment of identity: Race, religion, sex, age, general
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development, congenital features (anthropometry and finger
prints (in brief ), acquired peculiarities, miscellaneous.
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3. Medicolegal Autopsy
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Alms And Objectives, Essential Requirements, Precautions,

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Preservation Of Viscera And Other Tissues, Procedure

Including Dispatch Of Viscera, Cause Of Death/ Conclusions.
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4. Examination Of: Mutilated Bodies, Fragmented Remains,

Decomposed Bodies And Bones.
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5. Exhumation
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6. Death And Medicolegal Aspects

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Forensic Thanatology, Stages Of Death, Modes Of Death,

Sudden Death, Signs Of Death, Postmortem Interval.
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7. Violent Asphyxial Deaths

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Hanging, Strangulation, Suffocation, Drowning, Traumatic

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Asphyxia.
8. Deaths From: Starvation, Cold And Heat.
9. Mechanical Injuries: Including Firearms.
10. Regional Injuries
11. Traffic Injuries
12. Medicolegal Aspects Of Injuries
Examination of The Injured Person, Nature of Injury, Kind
of Weapon, Age o Wound, Causes of Death From Wounds,
114
Second Year MBBS Unsolved
Volitional Acts After Injury, Ante-Morten And Postmortem
Wounds, Manner of Death.
13. Thermal Injuries
Burns And Scalds, Electric Current Injuries, Lightening,
Explosions.
14. Impotence, Sterility, Sterilisation & Artificial Insemination

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15. Virginity, Pregnancy And Delivery

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16. Legitmacy

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17. Sexual Offences

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18. Abortion

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Definition, classification, MTP Act of 1971 and MTP Rules,
BB
1975; Criminal abortion, Doctors and criminal abortion,
Method of procure abortion, Medico legal aspects, Distinction
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between natural and criminal abortion.

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19. Infanticide
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General aspects, Autopsy of children and stillborns, Medico

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Legal Aspects, Concealment of birth, Abandoning of children,

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Violence in home (Domestic violence), Battered baby or

Caffey syndrome, Battered wives/elderly, Cot or Crib deaths.
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20. Mental Illness (Forensic Psychiatry)

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Mental Health Act 1987, Definitions of key terms of mental

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illness: e.g. delirium, hallucinations, psychopath etc.

Criminal responsibility of mentally ill persons, Restraint of
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mentally ill patients, Difference between true and false mental

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illness.
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21. Medical Law & Ethics

The Indian Medical Degrees Act, 1916, The Indian Medical
Council, The State Medical Councils including Gereva
Declaration Public Duties of a RMP, Practitioner & patient,
Professional secrets and privileged communication, Medical
Examination and consent, Duties of a patient, Medical
negligence including CPA, Doctor & anaesthesia, Malingering,
Medical idemnity Insurance.
22. Workman’s Compensation Act
 Second Year MBBS
Model Test Papers

MODEL TEST PAPER SET-I

(2018)

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PATHOLOGY - A

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M.M.: 40 Time: 3 Hours

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Note: 
Attempt all questions. Draw labeled diagrams wherever

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necessary.
BB
Use separate answer sheet for each part.
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PART-I
a
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1. Enumerate the steps involved in activation of kinin and

clotting system. [4]
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2. Differentiate between: [8]

2n

a. Benign and malignant tumors

b. Tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy.
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3. Write short notes on: [8]

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a. Turner syndrome
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b. Pathogenesis of renal edema.

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PART-II
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4. Discuss classification and clinical features of anemia. [4]

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5. Write lab diagnosis of: [8]

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a. Polycythemia vera
b. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
6. Write short notes on: [8]
a. Reactive lymphadenitis
b. Coomb’s test.
 139
Model Test Papers
MICROBIOLOGY-B

M.M: 40 Time: 3 Hours

Note: 
Attempt all questions. Draw labeled diagrams wherever
necessary.
Use separate answer sheet for each part.

PART-I

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1. Discuss: [8]

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a. Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis

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b. Lab diagnosis of malaria.

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2. Write short notes on: [6]

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a. Subcutaneous mycosis
b. Candidiasis.
3. Discuss briefly: [6]
BB
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a. Ancylostomiasis
b. Aflatoxicosis.
a
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PART-II
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4. a. Discuss the virological techniques [4]

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b. Discuss the lab diagnosis of hepatitis A and E viruses. [4]

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5. Write short note on: [6]

a. Polio vaccines
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b. Chick embryo inoculation.

6. Discuss: [6]
Pa

a. Viral haemorrhagic fevers

b. Interferons.
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 163
Model Test Papers
FORENSIC MEDICINE

M.M. : 40 Time : 3 Hours

Note: 
Attempt all questions. Draw labeled diagrams wherever
necessary.
Use separate answer sheet for each part.

PART-I

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1. Enumerate the various immediate, early and late changes

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after death. How do they help in estimating the time since

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death? [5]

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2. Write short notes on: [9]

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a. Incised-looking wound


b. Section 320 IPC BB
c. Various samples to be collected in a victim of rape.
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3. Write short notes on: [6]
a. Locard’s Principle of exchange
a

b. Intra-cranial haemorrhages
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c. Throttling.
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PART-II
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4. Classify poisons. Discuss the general principles of treatment

of a case of poisoning. [8]
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5. Differentiate between: [6]

a. True and false virgin
Pa

b. Arsenic poison and cholera

c. Respired and unrespired lungs.
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6. Write short notes on: [6]

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a. Dying declaration
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b. Delirium tremens
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c. Doctrine of res ipsa loquitur.

 169
Model Test Papers
PHARMACOLOGY - B

M.M. : 40 Time : 3 Hours

Note: 
Attempt all questions. Draw labeled diagrams wherever
necessary.
Use separate answer sheet for each part.

PART-I

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1. a. Discuss plasma protein binding of drugs [4]

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b. Write on the parts of prescription and requisite of an ideal

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prescription. [4]

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2. a. Write briefly on vitamin-D [3]

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b. Write briefly on warfarin. [3]
3. Write pharmacotherapy of:
a. Urinary tract infection
BB [6]
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b. Angina pectoris.
a

PART-II
Ye

4. Write in detail: Pharmacotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis.

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[8]
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5. Enumerate/classify fluroquinolones and write on nalidixic

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acid. [6]
6. Write pharmacotherapy of: [6]
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a. Congestive cardiac failure

b. Iron deficiency anaemia.
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