DBQ: European Exploration ‘The document-based question (DBQ) is designed to test your ability to work with and understand historical documents as well as to demonstrate a grasp of historical content and context. In the DBQ essay, you must + Have a thesis that makes a historically defensible claim and responds to all parts of the question. + Situate your argument by explaining the broader historical context, developments and processes. + Use topic sentences that set out a relevant argument using a historical thinking skill. + Demonstrate a complex understanding of the historical development that is the focus of the prompt by using evidence to corroborate, contradict, show cause and effect, show continuity and change over time, qualify (degree), or modify an argument by considering diverse views of evidence (depending on the prompt). + Use the documents to support your arguments. (You should attempt to use all 7 documents; you may omit one, but that is a risk.) + Explain the significance of the author’s point of view, the document's historical situation, audience and/or the purpose of at least three documents. + Refer to relevant specific historical evidence beyond that found in the documents. This evidence must be different from evidence used to earn other points on this rubric. A simple mention of evidence is NOT sufficient; you must explain the evidence in the course of your argument. Explaining how the evidence is similar to or different from given information is a good way to earn this point. DBQ Prompt: Using the documents provided and your knowledge of world history, analyze the extent to which European exploration of the New World was driven by economic factors. Document 1 Ferdinand Il, Sp: read aloud to Ni ish monarch, “The Requirement of 1513,” a statement written to be Americans after being “discovered.” Timplore you to recognize the Church as a lady and in the name of the Pope take the King as lord of this land and obey his mandates. If you do not do it, I tell you that with the help of God I will inter powerfully against you all. I will make war everywhere and every way that I can. I will subject you to the yoke and obedience to the Church and to his majesty. I will take your women and children and make them slaves. The deaths and injuries that you will receive from here on will be your own fault and not that of his majesty nor of the gentlemen that accompany me. Document 2 Albrect Diirer, German painter, from his personal diary, written after viewing Aztec treasures brought back to Europe by Hernan Cortez, 1520 CE. | saw the things which have been brought to the king from the new land of gold, a sun all of gold a whole fathom broad, and a moon all of silver of the same size, also two rooms of the armour of the people there, with all manner of wonderous weapons...clothing, beds and all manner of wonderful objects of human use...I saw amongst them wonderful works of art, and I marvelled at the subtle ingenia of men in foreign lands. Mastering AP World History 80 g 2 ra) > a sjuauussassy |OUO!DBQ Additional Assessments Document 3 Father Bernardino de Sahagiin, missionary, from his book, General History of the Things of New Spain, 1540 CE. The Spaniards appeared to be much delighted...they seized upon the gold like monkeys, their faces flushed. For clearly their thirst for gold was insatiable; they starved for it; they lusted for it; they wanted to stuff themselves with it as if they were pigs. They went about feeling the streamers of gold, passing them back and forth, babbling, talking gibberish among themselves. Document 4 Pedro de Cieza de Leon, a Spanish explorer, who wrote The History of Peru based largely on interviews with conquistadors, as well as with Indian informants, 1537 C.k. Pizarro [stranded on a small Pacific island off South America] was downcast when he saw they all wanted to go. He quietly composed himself and said that of course they could return to Panama and the choice was theirs. He had not wanted them to leave because they would have their reward if and when they discovered a good land. As for himself, he felt that returning poor to Panama was a harder thing than staying to face death and hardship here...Pizarro replied that they had come from Spain...they had left their lands to explore these parts...but primarily, and above all, to let them know that the idols they worshipped were false, and that to save their souls they had to become Christians and believe in the God the Spaniard worshipped, who was in heaven...those that take Him as their God...will live in heaven forever. Document 5 Lope de Aguirre, conquistador, from a letter to King Phillip of Spain, 1561 Ce. In my youth I crossed the sea to the land of Peru to gain fame, lance in hand, and to fulfill the obligation of all good men. In 24 years I have done you great service in Peru, in conquests of the Indians, in founding towns, and especially in battles and encounters fought in your name, always to the best of my power and ability, without requesting of your officials pay nor assistance, as can be seen in your royal records... Look here, King of Spain! Do not be cruel and ungrateful to your vassals, because while your father and you stayed in Spain without the slightest bother, your vassals, at the price of their blood and fortune, have given you all the kingdoms and holding you have in these parts. 81 Mastering AP World HistoryDocument 6 Unknown artist, The Virgin of the Mountain of Potosi, a depiction of the silver mountain mined in South America, ca. 1720. Document 7 Data from the United States Geological Survey, Report on Historical Silver production in the Americas 2001 and the Silver Institute’s Report on Historic Silver Mining, 2010. Silver Production Pre-discovery of America Location _| Time Period Annual Production | Period Total Europe | 1001CE-1492CE_| 3 million ounces 1.5 billion ounces Asia. 1001CE-1492CE | 4 million ounces 1.9 billion ounces total 3.4 billion ounces Post-discovery of America Bolivia | 1500-1800 3 million ounces billion ounces Mexico, 1500-1800 1.5 billion ounces Peru 1600-1800 3 million ounces 0.6 billion ounces Europe and Asia _| 1600-1800 9 million ounces 3.6 billion ounces total 6.7 billion ounces Mastering AP World History 82 Sju@wUssessy |OUOWIPPY OF