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Page 1 of 18
approximate amount (mass or volume) of waste that you generated while performing this experiment.
Fract. Crystallization #1
Step 10: mass of KNO3 crystals + filter paper + watch glass 50.544
mass of KNO3 crystallized 4.064
% KNO3 recovered (% of KNO3 in Step A.3.) 90.291
Step 11: mass of KNO3 crystals to be analyzed for purity in Part I.C 0.121
Step 8: mass of KNO3 crystals to be analyzed for purity in Part I.C 0.397
Page 2 of 18
C. Analysis to Determine % Impurity
First Crystallization
Step 3: Absorbance of the Fe(phen)32+ complex at 510 nm 1.735
Does the absorbance exceed the desired range (0 to 2.0 A)? ____________
If so, what dilution factor did you use in order to get the absorbance in the desired range? _____________
What is your absorbance after dilution? (if applicable)
Type your calculation for molarity of Fe2+ (1 mol ferroin = 1 mol Fe2+)
1.735/(1cm*12500M^-1cm^-1)=c= 1.388e^-4
Volume of ferroin complex solution prepared in Steps C.1. and C.2. 0.0100
Calculate the moles of Fe2+ (moles of Fe2+= moles of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O) 1.39E-06
Page 3 of 18
Type your calculation for moles of Fe2+
1.388e^-4 M*0.01L=mol=1.388e^-6
Mass KNO3 crystals analyzed for purity (from Step A.11.) (this cell will autofill) 0.121
Calculate % mass of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O in the crystals 0.449907
(This is your % impurity for Fract. Crystallization # 1)
Type your calculation for % mass of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O in the crystals.
Second Crystallization
Step 3: Absorbance of the Fe(phen)32+ complex at 510 nm 0.195
Does the absorbance exceed the desired range (0 to 2.0 A)? ____________
If so, what dilution factor did you use in order to get the absorbance in the desired range?
What_____________
is your absorbance after dilution? (if applicable)
Page 4 of 18
Volume of solution prepared in Steps C.1. and C.2. 0.0100
Calculate the moles of Fe2+ (moles of Fe2+= moles of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O) 1.56E-07
Calculate the molar mass (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O) (this cell will autofill) 392.21
Calculate grams of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O in the crystals 6.12E-05
Mass KNO3 crystals analyzed for purity (from Step B.8.) (this cell will autofill) 0.397
Calculate % mass of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O in the crystals 0.0158069
(This is your % impurity for Fract. Crystallization # 2)
Plot a graph of percent of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.6H2O vs.number of crystallization steps (0,1,2) and place it here. Cover this
Function
instruction box so that your graph is an ofsize.
appropriate Crystillization Numbers
12.000
Be sure to include a title, axis labels, and use the following chart type: "XY (scatter) with straight lines and markers."
10.000
8.000
%impurity
6.000
4.000
2.000
0.000
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
Number of Crystallizations
Yes, since the the %impurity decrease over the number of crystallization. The proccess has produced more pure samples the
more times we repeated steps. This works because KNO3 is saturated when at higher temperatues but not with impurities, so
when cooled the KNO3 crystals form with less impurities because they dissolved.
Plot a graph of percent of KNO3 recovered vs. the number of crystallization steps and place it here. Cover this instruction
Loss
box so your graph is appropriately sized. ofgraph
Your KNO3 Through
should Crystalization
have three points with the first point being 100%.
Be sure120.0
to include a title, axis labels, and use the following chart type: "XY (scatter) with straight lines and markers."
100.0
80.0
%KNO3 recovered
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
Number of Crystalizations
The disadvantage would be the loss of subtance we began with as we start to purify our solution through
crystallization. looking at our loss of KNO3 we only had about 19% which shows we lost nearly all of our KNO3 in
the process.
Page 6 of 18
101.11
Type your calculation for solubility (in grams KNO3/100 grams water) using the data for the ~2.0 gram sample.
Type your calculation for molality of KNO3 (in mol KNO3/kg water) using the data for the ~2.0 gram sample.
Type your calculation for Ksp (using the molality values) using the data for the ~2.0 gram sample.
Plot a graph of solubility of KNO3 (g KNO3 / 100 g H2O) vs. Temperature(oC) and place it here. Cover this instruction
box so that you graph is appropriately sized.
Be sure to include a title, axis labels, and use the following chart type: "XY (scatter) with straight lines and markers."
Page 7 of 18
Be sure to include a title, axis labels, and use the following chart type: "XY (scatter) with straight lines and markers."
(Data autofills here from the previous page for ease of plo
Plot a graph of ln Ksp vs 1/Temperature(K) and place it here. Cover this instruction box so that you 1/T (K)
graph is appropriately sized. 293.75000
Be sure to include a title, axis labels, a trendline for the data, and the equation for the trendline. 316.15000
328.85000
334.15000
338.15000
343.15000
Page 8 of 18
Part II Results and Discussion
Q1. The literature value for the enthalpy of solution of KNO3 is 34.89 kJ/mol and the entropy of solution of KNO3 is
248 J·mol-1·K-1. How do your values compare? Calculate the % error for both the enthalpy and entropy.
Q2. Discuss reasonable source of error for both the measured values of enthalpy and entropy.
Page 9 of 18
mpurity
calculate %
on formation, and
s of error
stem:
he sewer drain,
ty department, or
list the identity and
nt.
Page 10 of 18
nt.
st be typed
g
g
g
%
g
g
%
g
g
%
Page 11 of 18
M-1cm-1
M
L
moles
Page 12 of 18
g/mole
g
%
M-1cm-1
M
Page 13 of 18
L
moles
g/mole
g
g
%
er this
ers."
e samples the
impurities, so
instruction
kers."
2.5
gh
ur KNO3 in
Page 15 of 18
ln Ksp
2.7545
3.5668
4.1438
4.5887
5.2560
5.5206
am sample.
sample.
instruction
d markers."
Page 16 of 18
d markers."
n of KNO3 is
py.
Page 17 of 18
n of KNO3 is
py.
Page 18 of 18