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An Alteration of the Web 1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0: A Comparative Study

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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Vol-2, Issue-4, 2016
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in
An Alteration of the Web 1.0, Web 2.0
and Web 3.0: A Comparative Study
B. K. Hiremath1 & Anand Y. Kenchakkanavar2
1
Librarian, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Noida-201301 (UP).
2
Junior Research Fellow, Department of Studies in Library and Information Science,
Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, INDIA
Abstract : The development of Web is changed to
be as an entire improvement in the present world.
The World Wide Web as the prevalent information
construct has had much progress since its
initiations. The main purpose of this paper
surrounding the developments of the web from web
1.0, web 2.0 and web 3.0. Web 1.0 first generation
web like a web of information connections, Web 2.0
second generation web like a web of person to
person connections, Web 3.0 like a semantic web
these all web connections are explained as three
generations of the web in this paper. This paper
explains that the development of staring from the
web to the future developments in the field of Web
Technology.
Keywords: ICT, Internet, IT, Web 1.0, Web 2.0,
Web 3.0 and WWW
Introduction
The worldwide alterations particularly the
Information and Communication Technologies
(ICTs) have made an impact on the functioning of
modern society. The developments of ICTs have
changed the users’ prospect from the modern
society in different ways. The use of ICTs as a tool
that would like to provide an effective
communication and information services to
peoples. The World Wide Web (WWW) has to a
great extent changed the way people access
information and communication with other people.
Social Medias are communication through the
internet that enables social relations. It is an
effective approach for people to use in
communicating and interacting with each other.
Recent proceed in Information Technology (IT)
have not only improved the facility to access, store
and process information in worldwide but also have
brought ought the significant changes in the
concept, advance services, functioning and
management. World Wide Web has developed in
exponentially within the last few years.
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Web was established by Tim Burners-Lee
in late 1989 (Getting ) He outlook of the abilities of
the World Wide Web was expressed by three
improvements, typically associated with three
points that is, the Web of documents (Web 1.0), the
Web of people (Web 2.0) and the Web of data (the
still-to-be-realised Web 3.0) (Anderson, 2007).
Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) the
USSR initiated first artificial earth satellite
‘Sputnik’ in 1957. In 1958 United States funds the
ARPA within the Department of Defence and in
1969 ARPANET started. ARPANET is first
packet-switch network and connected four
universities. In 1970 ARPANET used the Network
Control Protocol (NCP) and in 1971 fifteen sites
linked universities and research organisations. In
1984 Jon Postel and Paul Mockapertis introduced
Domain Name System (DNS) and first registered
domain is symbolic.com. In 1983 NCP is changed
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) (Leiner et al 2009).
The World Wide Web produces a
multidimensional web of infrastructure. The WWW
plan was initially developed to provide a circulated
hypermedia system which could without difficulty
access from any desktop computer and information
reach across the world. The WWW contains
standard formats for text, graphics, sound, and
video which can be indexed simply and searched
by all networked machines. The WWW is only one
of the techniques of practical implementations of
the Internet. The WWW presents the interment
groups and new opportunity to develop the
worldwide field of the texts, images, animations,
sounds, etc., all parts of which are quick to cross
connect with everyone. W3C (2007) paper
describes initially WWW program improvement
continues on the NeXT (TBL). This was a ‘What
You See Is What You Get’ (WYSIWYG) browser
or editor with straight inline creation of links. The
primary web server was nxoc01.cern.ch, afterwards
called info.cern.ch, and the first web page is
http://nxoc01.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.
html.
Page 705
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Vol-2, Issue-4, 2016
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in

Internet users around worldwide 40 per user’s nearly 2.1 billion are in the top twenty
cent of the peoples have an internet connection countries. China is the most internet users (642
today. In 1995 Internet users are worldwide less million in 2014) in the world and the next three
than 1%. Internet users’ year by year has improved countries are United States, India and Japan. The
from 1999 to 2013. The internet users initially figure-1 and table-1 below show the number of
billion was achieved in 2005, second billion was global internet users per year since 1993 and
reached in 2010 and the third billion was Country wise internet users.
successfully reached in 2014. Worldwide internet
Figure 1: Internet users in the world from 1993 to 2014 (As on 1st July 2014)

http://www.internetlivestats.com

Table 1: Internet users of the top ten different countries

Ran Countr Internet 1 1 Year Total 1 Yr Penetrati Country' Country

k y Users Year User Country Populati on s share 's share
Growt Growth Population on (% of of World of
h% Change Pop. Populati World
(%) with on Internet
Internet) Users
1 China 641,601,0 4% 24,021,0 1,393,783,8 0.59% 46.03% 19.24% 21.97%
70 70 36
2 United 279,834,2 7% 17,754,8 322,583,00 0.79% 86.75% 4.45% 9.58%
States 32 69 6
3 India 243,198,9 14% 29,859,5 1,267,401,8 1.22% 19.19% 17.50% 8.33%
22 98 49
4 Japan 109,252,9 8% 7,668,53 126,999,80 -0.11% 86.03% 1.75% 3.74%
12 5 8
5 Brazil 107,822,8 7% 6,884,33 202,033,67 0.83% 53.37% 2.79% 3.69%
31 3 0
6 Russia 84,437,79 10% 7,494,53 142,467,65 -0.26% 59.27% 1.97% 2.89%
3 6 1
7 German 71,727,55 2% 1,525,82 82,652,256 -0.09% 86.78% 1.14% 2.46%
y 1 9
8 Nigeria 67,101,45 16% 9,365,59 178,516,90 2.82% 37.59% 2.46% 2.30%
2 0 4

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 706

Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Vol-2, Issue-4, 2016
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in
9 United 57,075,82 3% 1,574,65
Kingdo 6 3
m
10 France 55,429,38 3% 1,521,36
2 9
Source: http://www.internetlivestats.com/internet-users-by-country/
Journey of World Wide Web (WWW)
In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee projected the
proposed of an international system of protocols. It
is distributed hypermedia server and it permits Net
users to arrange electronic documents that are
composites or pointers to, many different files of
potentially different types, scattered across the
world. Tim Berners-Lee named as the World Wide
Web (WWW). Tim Berners-Lee of the European
Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) developed
the WWW and a lot of communication protocols
that form the backbone of the WWW (Cohen-
Almagor, 2011).
The World Wide Web has the ability to
present huge amounts of diverse, complex,
multimedia information that is richly
interconnected and cross-referenced through
hypermedia links. Unfortunately, when navigating
through such large hypermedia documents, users
may encounter several problems. It is easy to
become entangled in a large and complex web of
decentralized, unstructured, and largely irrelevant
information. Web users can become disoriented
when overloaded with massive amounts of
information, much of which may be irrelevant. This
disorientation, or tendency to lose one's sense of
location and direction, is often a consequence of
searching through large nonlinear hypermedia
documents (Head, Archer and Yuan, 2000)
The WWW permits to the users of
computer to position and view multimedia-based
files for example text, animation, graphics, audios/
videos files etc. In the present day computer
applications can be written to communicate along
with the worldwide hundreds of millions of
computers. The Internet can create our work easier
by integration computing and communications
technologies. It builds information immediately and
easily accessible worldwide. The paper describes a
holistic analysis of the WWW eventually become
the World Wide Web. Here author would like to
explain about the most important differences
among Web 1.0, Web 2.0 and Web 3.0.
Web 1.0
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
63,489,234 0.56% 89.90% 0.88% 1.95%
64,641,279 0.54% 85.75% 0.89% 1.90%
Web 1.0 is the first generation, functioning of the
web it lasted from 1989 to 2005 and Tim Burners-
Lee in 1989 recommended and creating a
comprehensive hypertext space (Aghaei,
Nematbakhsh & Farsani, 2012). In web 1.0 is a
very small number of writers formed web pages for
a huge number of readers. Web 1.0 was the mainly
a read-only web. The idea behind of the web 1.0
was to make a common information space within
the internet user’s and exchanging of
communication through sharing information. Web
1.0 offered the contact information example email,
address, phone number, fax and it also provides
brochures to similarly advertisements in
newspapers and magazines. The websites
integrated static Hyper Text Mark-up Language
(HTML) pages that reorganized infrequently
(Singh, Gulati & Gulati, 2011).
The main aim of the web 1.0 is to
distribute the information for anybody at any time
and create an online presence. Users and visitors of
the websites could only visit the sites without any
impacts or contributions and linking structure was
too weak. Web 1.0 is a system of interlinked and
whole protocols included HTTP, HTML, URI
Newer Protocols are XML, XHTML and it
provides hypertext documents through accessed
using the Internet. The main purpose of web 1.0 is
to create an online presence and to make their
information accessible to anybody at any time
(Patel 2013).
Web 2.0
Web 2.0 is the second generation of web.
The term web 2.0 was officially distinct in October
2004 and the term coined by Dale Dougherty
(O’Reilly Media) and Craig Cline (Media Live).
The idea started through a conference
brainstorming session among O’Reilly and Media
Live International (O'Reilly, 2005).
Tim O’Reilly defines ‘Web 2.0 is the
business revolution in the computer industry
caused by the move to the internet as platform, and
an attempt to understand the rules for success on
that new platform. Chief among those rules is this:
Build applications that harness network effects to
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Vol-2, Issue-4, 2016
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in
get better the more people use them (O’Reilly,
2006).’
Web 2.0 is considered as read-write web
and it permits managing and assembling large
worldwide multitude with familiar interests in
social relations. The term Web 2.0 is usually linked
with web applications that make easy interactive
with an information sharing, interoperability, user-
cantered design, and collaboration on the World
Wide Web. Social networking sites main propose is
real-time channels for information sharing and
communication. Social networking sites are
encouraging social interaction through profile-
based user accounts. Social networking sites focus
on new avenues for communication and
relationship with users (Kenchakkanavar, 2015).
Web 2.0 is also identified the knowledge web,
people-centric web, read-write web, and
Table-2 A Comparison of web 1.0 and web 2.0
SI No Web 1.0
1 Tim Berners Lee
2 Read only web
3 Hardware costs Bandwidth costs
4 Companies
5 Millions of people users
6 Friend List, Address Book
7 Information sharing
8 One Directional
9 Connect information
10 Personal Websites
11 Companies
12 Client-Server
13 HTML, Portals
14 Taxonomy
15 Individual
16 Web forms
17 Static content and one way publishing
information
Web 3.0
Web 3.0 a phrase coined by John Markoff
of the New York Times in 2006 is third generation
of the World Wide Web, usually conjectured to
include semantic tagging of content. Web 3.0 is
also known as the Semantic Web the foundation of
the Semantic Web is data integration. By using
metadata, ‘display only’ data is converted to
meaningful information which can be located,
evaluated, and delivered by software agents (Patel
2013).
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
participative web. Web 2.0 is absolutely the
subsequently big thing in the World Wide Web and
it offers use of recent technologies and concepts in
order to create the user familiarity, more
interactive, useful and interrelating. Web 2.0 is not
only a new version of web 1.0 it includes Flexible
web design, creative reuse, updates, collaborative
content creation and modification were facilitated
through web 2.0. The web 2.0 included
technologies and services and it consist blogs,
Audio, Chats, Bookmarking, Calendar, E-
commerce, E-mail, Games, E-learning,
communication, Forums, Mapping, Multimedia
Wiki, Portals, really simple syndication (RSS),
Mashups, Tags, etc., (Hassan, Sarhan, & El-
Dosouki, 2012) The differentiations among Web
1.0 and Web 2.0 are several that are describe in the
following table.
Web 2.0
Tim O’Reilly
Read and write web
Hardware costs Bandwidth costs
Participation
Billions of people user
Social networking Sites
Interaction
Bi-Directional
Connect people
Blog and Social Profile
Group communities
Peer to Peer
XML, RSS
Tags
Sharing
Web applications
Two way communication through social media
Tim Berners Lee inventor of the World
Wide Web was the one who came up with thought
of Semantic Web i.e. web 3.0. Which intends to
Read Write Intelligent web, individually oriented,
highly portable and provides User developed smart
applications in terms of the characteristic at front
end? At backend characteristics web 3.0 provides
content (semantic)-aware and context-aware, next
generation browsing and searching capabilities,
Richness to high data (Patel 2013). Web3.0
supports world wide database and web oriented
architecture which in earlier stage was described as
a web of document it deals mainly with static
HTML documents, but dynamically rendered pages
Page 708
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
Vol-2, Issue-4, 2016
ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in
and alternative formats should follow the same
conceptual layout standards whenever possible and
Table - 3 A Comparison of web 2.0 and web 3.0
SI No Web 2.0
1 Tim O’Reilly
2 Read and write web
3 Social web
4 Participation and interaction
5 Bi-Directional
6 Connect people
7 Wikis, Wikipedia
8 Web 2.0 is more about 2 way communications
through social networking, blogging, wikis,
tagging, user generated content and video.
9 Google personalized, dump find, hakia
10 Google scholar, Book search
11 Community portals
12 Online social networks
Conclusion
Based on the above fact, this paper has
given an overview from the evolution of the web.
Technologies can provide many possibilities, but
they cannot ‘fix’ meanings (Suthers, 2005). Web
1.0, web 2.0 and web 3.0 were described as three
generations of the web and the characteristics of the
generations are compared. Future work on this
paper will focus on the deeper and broader research
about the new possible invention in journey of
World Wide Web and its issues.
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR)
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