RESEARCH REPORT

ON
“A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF SLEEP
DEPRIVATION ON ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE AMONG STUDENTS OF
AMRITA UNIVERSITY IN MYSURU”

SUBMITTED TO: VIDYA AVADHANI MAM

SUBMITTED BY: NAKSHATHRA U

BBA IVth SEM

MY.BU.U3BBA17009

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I feel proud to present my research paper in the subject, Introduction to Research Methodology
on the topic, „the study on the impact of sleep deprivation on academic performance among
students of Amrita University, Mysuru.

This project wouldn‟t have been a success without the proper and rigorous guidance of my
research methodology lecturer Ms VIDYA D AVADHANI, Faculty Associate of Amrita
Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru who guided me throughout this research paper in every possible
way.

Rigorous hard work has been put in this project to ensure that it proves the best.

Then I would to like thank my friends who have helped me with their valuable suggestions and
guidance which has been helpful in various phases of the completion of the project.

Nakshathra U

II nd year, IV Sem, BBA

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru

2
 “A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AMONG STUDENTS OF AMRITA
UNIVERSITY IN MYSURU.”

3
 INDEX

CHAPTER TOPIC PAGE

1 TOPIC 8
INTRODUCTION 9
OBJECTIVE 10
NEED FOR THE STUDY 11
SCOPE OF THE STUDY 12
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 13
RESEARCH GAP 14

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 16 – 17
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 18

3 DATA ANALYSIS AND 20 – 29

INTERPRETATION

4 FINDINGS 31
SUGGESTIONS 32
CONCLUSION 33

5 ANNEXURE – QUESTIONNAIRE 34 – 36
BIBLIOGRAPHY 37

4
 LIST OF TABLES

CONTENTS TABLE NUMBER PAGE NO

HOURS OF SLEEP 1 20

TIME OF BEGINNING 2 21
ACTIVITIES
FEELING OF TIREDNESS 3 22

TOUGH TASK TO 4 23
CONCENTRATE
SLEEP DEPRIVATION 5 24
AFFECTS ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE

OTHER FACTORS 6 25
INFLUENCING ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE

CONCENTRATION IN 7 26
CLASS
REGULARITY OF 8 27
CONCENTRATION IN
CLASS
SLEEP DEPRIVATION 9 28
CONNECTION WITH
STRESS

HEALTHY SLEEP 10 29
PATTERN

5
 LIST OF GRAPHS

CONTENTS GRAPH NUMBER PAGE NO

HOURS OF SLEEP 1 20

TIME OF BEGINNING 2 21
ACTIVITIES
FEELING OF TIREDNESS 3 22

TOUGH TASK TO 4 23
CONCENTRATE
SLEEP DEPRIVATION 5 24
AFFECTS ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE

OTHER FACTORS 6 25
INFLUENCING ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE

CONCENTRATION IN 7 26
CLASS
REGULARITY OF 8 27
CONCENTRATION IN
CLASS
SLEEP DEPRIVATION 9 28
CONNECTION WITH
STRESS

HEALTHY SLEEP 10 29
PATTERN

6
CHAPTER 1

7
 \

TITLE

“A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE AMONG STUDENTS OF AMRITA UNIVERSITY IN MYSURU.”

8
 INTRODUCTION

Sleep is an active, repetitive and reversible behavior serving different functions, such as repair
and growth, learning or memory consolidation and restorative processes: all these occur
throughout the brain and the body. Thus during sleep, behavioral, physiological and
neurocognitive processes occur, if absence of sleep happens means these whole processes go
wrong. Sleep loss in fact, one of the major problems in modern society. Sleep deprivation also
known as insufficient sleep is the condition of not having enough sleep. It can be either chronic
or acute. The levels of sleep deprivation can vary widely. A chronic sleep-restricted state can
cause fatigue, daytime sleepiness, clumsiness and weight loss or weight gain. It adversely affects
the brain and cognitive function. The consequences of acute and chronic sleep deprivation have
become a public health concern. Sleep deprivation causes depression mainly in many students.
Long-term sleep deprivation has caused death in many cases. Effects of sleep deprivation
basically affects on emotional state, mood, cognition, physical health and immune functions.
Sleep deprivation causes many affects in students like lack of concentration, lack of focus, lack
of attention, day-time sleepiness, mood swings, low performances in academics, low memory
etc.

Academic performance is the main element which is affected by sleep deprivation in students.
Consequences of sleep deprivation cause so much of problems related to academic performance.
Due to insufficient sleep, performance in tests of students can be seen degrading. Due to
inventions of new technologies created sleep deprivation among students more and further it
created low academic performances. Students who sleep poor and reduced sleep quantity with
later bed timings and early awakenings usually tend to offer decreased academic performances
and reduced neurobehavioral function.

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 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The study has four objectives,

1. To find out whether sleep deprivation affects academic performances.

2. To find out rather than sleep deprivation, what are the other factors which influence in
low academic performance.
3. To find out whether low academic performance creates increased stress level among
students due to inadequate sleep.
4. To find out whether healthy sleep patterns creates increased level of academic
performance.

10
 NEED FOR THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to identify impacts of sleep deprivation on the academic
performances of the students of Amrita University in Mysuru. This research also focuses rather
than sleep deprivation, what are the other factors which affects the academic performance of
students in Amrita University, Mysuru.

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 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Hopefully this study will help to find out whether students face problems in academic
performances due to sleep deprivation in Amrita University, Mysuru.

 This research will help to find out impacts of sleep deprivation in academic performances
among the students.
 It helps the students to have healthy sleep cycle.
 This study will also help the students to take effective measures for attaining good academic
performance.

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 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

 Research Methodology is a way to find out the result of a given problem on a specific matter
or problem that is also referred as research problem. In methodology, researcher uses
different criteria for solving/searching the given research problem. Different sources use
different type of methods for solving the problem.
 Sample size : 25 Respondents.
 Area targeted in the research : Area targeted for the research is Mysuru District,
Karnataka.

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 RESEARCH GAP

 In the collected articles, nobody mentioned about the tiredness felt when waking up in
the morning due to the late night sleep.

 In the collected articles, nobody mentioned about the other factors which affect the
academic performance of the students.

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CHAPTER 2

15
 LITERATURE REVIEW

 Link S C and Ancoli Israel S (1995) in the article, „Sleep and Study‟ focused on an area in
United States conducted a research on 150 students. They collected data from the
respondants through questionnaires. The main objective of the study was to see if the
students feel fresh in class after a good sleep or not. They came with an outcome that waking
up after a good sleep increases the freshness in students and increases their academic
performances.

 Meijer A M and Habekothe H T (2000) in the article, „Quality of Sleep and functioning of
body‟ focused on an area in Netherlands conducted a research on 449 students. They
collected data from the respondants through questionnaires. The main objective of the study
was to see if the sleep related issues have any relation with the concentration of students in
class. They concluded with an outcome that concentration of students in class is not at all
having any significant connection with the sleep of the students.

 Drake C and Nikel C (2003) in the article, „Sleep habits and outcomes‟ focused on an area in
United States conducted a research on 450 student. They collected data from the respondants
through written surveys. The main objective of the study was to see if sleep habits have any
connection with the achievements in college. At last they concluded with an outcome that
there is a significant linear relationship found between achievements in college and sleeping
habits.

 Wolfson A R and Carskadon M A (1998) in the article, „Sleep schedules and daytime
functioning‟ focused on an area in United Kingdom conducted a research on 3120 students.
They have done cross – sectional studies on respondants. They collected data from the
respondants through surveys. The main objective of the study was to see if good sleeping
schedules help students to attain good performance in the college. At last they concluded
with an outcome that later bed timings make students to attain lower grades in academics.

16
 Eliason A and Gould B (2002) in the article, „Association of sleep and academic
performance‟ focused on an area in United States conducted a research on 1000 students.
They have collected data through one page questionnaire from respondants. The main
objective of the study was to see if there exists any relation between sleep time and academic
performance of the students. At last they concluded with an outcome that there is no
correlation between sleep timings and academic performance of the students.

17
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Conceptual framework is the researcher‟s understanding of how the particular variables in

his/her study connect with each other. It is the researcher‟s map in pursuing the investigation.
Here, two variables are used in this research that is sleep deprivation and academic performance.
The connection between these two variables is studied throughout this research.

Here, sleep deprivation is considered as independent variable and the academic performance is
considered as the dependent variable. Sleep deprivation is a state in which we get insufficient
sleep and due this students faces many problems mainly in the areas of academics. In this
research, we see how sleep deprivation is affecting the academic performances of the students
and whether any other factors is also affecting academic performance of the students or not.

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CHAPTER 3

19
 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATAION

1. Hours of sleep that is generally obtain at night :

HOURS OF SLEEP RESPODENTS PERCENTAGE

5 hrs 2 8%
6hrs 10 40%
7hrs 6 24%
8hrs 7 28%

45
40
35
30
25
20 RESPODENTS

15 PERCENTAGE

10
5
0
5 hrs 6hrs 7hrs 8hrs

From the total 25 respondents, 8% of respondents requires 5 hrs of sleep at night, 40% of
respondents requires 6 hrs of sleep, 24% of respondents requires 7 hrs of sleep, 28% of
respondents requires 8 hrs of sleep. From this graph, we can conclude that most of the
respondents require 6 hrs of sleep each night (40%).

20
2. Time at which activities of a day begin :

TIME AT WHICH ACTIVITIES BEGIN RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

4.00 - 5.00 1 4%
5.00 - 6.00 0 0%

6.00 - 7.00 10 40%

7.00 - 8.00 14 56%

60

50

40

30 RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE
20

10

0
4.00 - 5.00 5.00 - 6.00 6.00 - 7.00 7.00 - 8.00

From 25 respondents, 4% of respondents begin their activities at 4.00 – 5.00 am, 40% of
respondents begin their activities at 6.00 – 7.00 am, 56% of respondents begin their
activities at 7.00 – 8.00 am, and none of the respondents begin their activities at 5.00 –
6.00 am. From the above graph, we can conclude most respondents begin their activities
at 7.00 – 8.00 am (56%).

21
3. Ever felt tired waking up ;

EVER FELT TIRED RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

WAKING UP
Sometimes 17 68%
Almost everyday 5 20%
Never 0 0%
Never noticed 3 12%

80

70

60

50

40
RESPONDENTS
30
PERCENTAGE
20

10

0
Sometimes Almost Never Never noticed
everyday

From 25 respondents, here 68% of the respondents feel sometimes tired when waking up,
20% of respondents almost every day feel tired waking up, 12% of the respondents never
noticed about this tiredness while waking up. From the graph given, we can conclude that
the most of the respondents sometimes feel tired while waking up (68%).

22
 4. Task to concentrate in class due to inadequate sleep :

TOUGH TASK TO
CONCENTRTE RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE
Yes 23 92%
No 2 8%

25

20

15
Yes
10 No

0
RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

From 25 respondents, here 92 % of the respondents feel it‟s a tough task to concentrate in

class and other 8 % of the don‟t feel it‟s a tough task to concentrate in class due to

inadequate sleep. From given graph, we can conclude that most of the respondents feel tough

task to concentrate in class due to inadequate sleep (92%).

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5. Sleep deprivation negatively affects your academic performance :

SLEEP DEPRIVATION RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

NEGATIVELY
AFFECTS ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE
Yes 16 64%
No 9 36%

18
16
14
12
10
Yes
8
No
6
4
2
0
RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

From 25 respondents, here 64% respondents feel sleep deprivation negatively affects the

academic performance and 36% respondents feel sleep deprivation doesn‟t affect the

academic performance of the students. From the given graph, we can conclude most of the

respondants feel that sleep deprivation negatively affects the academic performance of

students (64%).

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6. Other factors which affect academic performance :

OTHERS WHICH RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

AFFECTING
ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE
Increased use of social 19 76 %
medias.
Over – eating 2 8%
Influence of wrong 4 16 %
acquaintances.

20
18
16
14
12
10
RESPONDENTS
8
PERCENTAGE
6
4
2
0
Increased use of Over – eating Influence of wrong
social medias. acquaintances.

From 25 respondents, here 76 % respondents feel increased use of social medias is the
other factor which affects the academic performance, 8 % respondents feel over-eating
as the factor which affects the academic performance and 16 % respondents feel
influence of wrong acquaintances as the factor which affects the academic performance.
From the given graph, we can conclude that most of the respondants feel increased use of
social medias as the main factor which influences the academic performance (76%).

25
 7. Ever fallen asleep while concentrating in class :

EVER FALLEN ASLEEP RESPONDANTS PERCENTAGE

WHILE
CONCENTRATING IN
CLASS
Yes 24 96%
No 1 4%

30

25

20

15 Yes
No
10

0
RESPONDANTS PERCENTAGE

From 25 respondants, here 96 % respondants agreed that they fall asleep while concentrating in
class and 4 % respondants disagreed that they fall asleep while concentrating in class. From the
given graph, we can conclude that most of the respondants agree that they fall asleep while
concentrating in the class (96%).

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8. Regularity of sleeping in class while concentrating :

REGULARITY OF RESPONDANTS PERCENTAGE

SLEEPING IN CLASS
Sometimes 18 72%
Almost everyday 5 20%
1 – 2 times a week 1 4%
Never 1 4%

20
18
16
14
REGULARITY OF SLEEPING
12 IN CLASS
10 RESPONDANTS
8
6 PERCENTAGE
4
2
0
1 2 3 4 5

From 25 respondants, here72 % respondants fallen asleep sometimes while concentrating

in class, 20 % respondants fallen asleep almost every day, 4% respondants fallen asleep
1 – 2 times a week and 4 % respondants never fallen asleep while concentrating in class.
From the given graph, we can conclude that most of the respondants fallen asleep while
concentrating in class (72%).

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9. Low academic performance leads to stress or not :

LOW ACADEMIC RESPONDANTS PERCENTAGE

PERFORMANCE LEADS
TO STRESS OR NOT
Yes 17 68%
No 8 32%

18
16
14
12
10
Yes
8
No
6
4
2
0
RESPONDANTS PERCENTAGE

From 25 respondants, here 68 % respondants feel that low academic performances due to
inadequate sleep leads into stress and 32 % respondants doesn‟t feel that low academic
performances due to inadequate sleep leads into stress. From the given graph, we can
conclude that most of the respondants believe that low academic performances due to
inadequate sleep leads into stress (68%).

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 10. Healthy sleep patterns students to concentrate or not :

HEALTHY SLEEP RESPONDANTS PERCENTAGE

PATTERNS HELP
STUDENTS TO
CONCENTRATE OR
NOT
Strongly agree 9 36%
Agree 16 64%
Disagree 0 0%
Strongly disagree 0 0%

18
16
14
12
10
8 RESPONDANTS
6 PERCENTAGE
4
2
0
Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly
agree disagree

From 25 respondants, 36 % respondants strongly agree that healthy sleep patterns help

students to concentrate and score better in class, 64 % respondants agree to

this and none of the respondants disagree or strongly disagree to this fact. From the given

graph, we can conclude that most of the respondants agree to the fact that healthy sleep

patterns help students to concentrate in class and score better in examination (64 %).

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CHAPTER 4

30
 FINDINGS

 From the total 25 respondants, we can observe that most of the respondants require 6 hrs
of sleep minimum at night.
 Almost all the respondants feel tired waking up due to the insufficient sleep and this
tiredness cause them lack in concentration and not able to focus in the class.
 Most of the respondants feel that inadequate sleep will create lack of concentration in
students and the next day they feel it as task to concentrate in the class.
 Respondants truly believe that sleep plays important role in student‟s life and in his/her
academic performances also.
 Many of the respondants agreed that they fallen asleep while concentrating in class
because of inadequate sleep.
 From the total 25 respondants, many agreed that lower academic performances due to
insufficient sleep create stress in their life.
 Respondants also point out to the fact that not only the sleep deprivation cause lower
academic performances even the increased use of social media and wrong influence of
acquaintances also create the same problem of gaining lower academic performances.
 Respondants also strongly agree to the fact that healthy sleep patterns followed by the
students can make them gain better academic performances.
 From the respondants point of view, we can observe that sleep plays vital role in one‟s
life and it truly influences student‟s life.

31
 SUGGESTIONS

 Proper sleep pattern must be maintained among the students as inadequate sleep causes
lack of concentration in class.
 Eat healthy food for dinner as it helps in good metabolism and digestion of the body and
it also helps in gaining in good sleep.
 Decrease the use of mobile phones at late nights and sleep at the correct time.
 Do meditation to avoid stressed situations in life.
 At least, sleep 6 hrs a day to maintain a healthy sleep cycle.

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 CONCLUSION

Sleep plays a vital role in good health and well–being throughout our life. Getting enough
quality sleep at the right times can help protect your mental health, physical health,
quality of life and safety. During sleep, your body is working to support healthy brain
function and maintain your physical health. Getting sleep is the best thing you can do to
your health. Sleep helps your brain work properly. While you are sleeping, your brain is
preparing for the next day. It‟s forming new pathway to help you learn and remember
information. Many of the studies show that a good night sleep improves learning. Studies
also shows that sleep deficiency alters activity in some parts of the brain. If you are sleep
deficient, you may have trouble in making decision, solving problems, controlling your
emotions and behavior, etc. Sleep deficiency also has been linked to depression, stress
and risk taking behavior. Children and teenagers who are sleep deficient may have
problems getting along with others. They may feel angry and impulsive, have mood
swings, feel sad or depressed or lack motivation. They also may have problems in paying
attention and may get lower grades and feel stressed. Gradual decrease in sleep may lead
to various unnoticed problems, especially to the youth.
Sleep deprivation causes lower academic performance among the students. Getting
enough right quality sleep at the right time helps the students to focus and concentrate
better in academics. After several nights of losing sleep; even a loss of just 1-2 hours per
night can seriously affect the function of the body which will further proportionally affect
the academic performances of the students. Sleep deprivation can lead to trouble in
learning, focusing and might face difficulty in judging other people‟s emotions and
reactions.
However, the research shows that getting enough quality sleep at the right time is a major
requirement for the students to have good academic performance.

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 ANNEXURE

QUESTIONNAIRE

1. How many hours of sleep do you typically obtain at night?

a) 5 hrs b) 6 hrs

b) 7 hrs d) 7 hrs

2. At what time do you typically wake up and begin activities of your day?

a) 4.00 – 5.00 am b) 5.00 – 6.00 am

b) 6.00 – 7.00 am d) 7.00 – 8.00 am

3. Do you feel tired or fatigued when waking up?

a) Sometimes b) Almost everyday

b) Never d) Never noticed

4. Do you think it is tough task to concentrate in class due to inadequate sleep?

a) Yes

b) No

5. Do you think sleep deprivation negatively affects your academic performance?

a) Yes

b) No

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6. If No, what do you think are the other factors that would affect your academic

performance?

a) Increased use of social medias

b) Over – eating

c) Influence of wrong people

7. Have you ever fallen asleep while concentrating in class?

a) Yes

b) No

8. If Yes, how often it occurs?

a) Sometimes

b) 1 – 2 times a week

c) Almost everyday

d) Never

9. Do you think low academic performance due to inadequate/ deprived sleep leads to

stress?

a) Yes

b) No

35
10. Do you think healthy sleep patterns help students to concentrate and score better?

a) Strongly agree

b) Agree

c) Disagree

d) Strongly disagree

36
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 www.wikipedia.com
 www.investopedia.com
 Google website
 Consequences of sleep deprivation – J Orzet Gryglewska
 Overview on sleep deprivation articles
 Power Sleep – Dr James B Maas

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