Professional Documents
Culture Documents
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
Contents
Introduction
History
Petroleum Formation
Petroleum Reservior
Petroleum Composition
Cracking of Petroleum
Reforming
Blending
Petroleum fraction
Consumption
Application of Petroleum Industry
Green Petroleum
Refereneces
DEFINITION
“Petroleum is defined as
blaskish colouerd or greenish
coloured liquid.
It is also called Rocks oil
because it is extracted from
rocks
History
3000BC- Sumerian use asphalt as a Adhesive
2400BC- Iranian use oil in weapon against their enemies
325BC- Alexander used flaming tourch of petroleum
products
347AD- Chinese discovered Oil
8th AD- Baku people used it for heating
6th AD- Sudia Arabia discovered oil resorvior
1847 - 1st Rock Oil Refinary launched in England
1849 - Canada distill kerosene oil from crude oil
1850 - World 1st Refinary in Romania
1870 - J.D Rock formed the standard Oil
1879 – Thomos Edison invents the oil light bulbs
1882 - Standard Oil trust formed
1893 - First Well drilled in Los Angel
1907 - Shell and Royal are Launched
1908 - Oil discovered in Persia
1942 - Oil discovered in Japan
1956 - Oil discovered in Nigeria
1969 - Oil found in Libya
1970 - Oil discovered in North Sea
1979 - Shah of Iran discovered Oil Reservior
1990 - Oil found in Kuwait
1993 - Oil reservoir discovered in Pakistan
1997 - Oil found in Dubai
1997- 2016 Almost all the Arabs Countries found Oil
Petroleum Formation
Paraffins (15-60%)
Naptha (30-60%)
Aromatics (3-30%)
Asphalt (1-10%)
Chemical Processing on Petroleum
Petroleum Gas Making chemical ,plastics and fuel for light vehicles
Used in manufacturing of petrol polymerization
Naptha Used to make chemical and fuel for aeroplane
Fuel Oil Used for power station, ships and used to run generators
Thermal Cracking
The breaking down of large molecule at high temperature and pressure.
It is particular use for production of unsaturated H.C such as ethane and
propene.
Temperature range is (450-750 C) and pressure is 70atm .
In this process free radicals process take place.
Catalytic Cracking